湖北省襄阳市枣阳市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省襄阳市枣阳市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ANewWinterStudyAbroadProgramsforJanuary2025Explorethebrand-newandexcitingwinterstudyabroadprogramsandpickyourfavoriteforyournextwinterbreak!Program1:JanuaryinFlorenceTheenchantingbirthplaceoftheRenaissancebeckonsyou!Onthisthree-weekJanuarystudyabroadprogram,you’llbeawedandinspiredbyartisticgeniusincentralItaly.HereinFlorence,hillsboastingthequintessentialTuscanlandscapeofcypresstrees,handsomeestates,olivegrovesandvineyardswillbeyourbackdropwhileyouearncreditstowardyourdegree.·Credit:3semesterhours·Cost:$4,250·FeaturedCourse:TheGreatRenaissanceArtists·FeaturedTrip:Visitsignificantlocallocations,likeUffiziGallery,PalazzoVecchioProgram2:JanuaryinGlasgowSayhellotoGlasgow,hometoScotland’srichmusicandculture.Hereyou’llimmerseyourselfinthemelodies,rhythms,andhistoriesthathaveshapedGlasgow’smusicsceneand,byextension,Scotland’sculturalidentity.Fromtraditionalfolktunestocontemporarygenres,you’llhavetheopportunitytoengagewithlocalmusicians,attendliveperformances,andgaininsightsintoGlasgow’sdiversemusicallandscape.·Credit:3semesterhours·Cost:$4,150·FeaturedCourse:MusicandSociety·FeaturedTrip:GoonaguidedwalkingtourofGlasgow’soutstandinghistoriccitycenterProgram3:JanuaryinMilanSpendyourwinterbreaklivingandlearninginMilan,Italy’sunofficialfashion,business,anddesigncapital,alsodefinedbyanelegantcombinationofItalianstyleandmoderninnovation.Inthisintensivewinterprogram,dailyclassesfeatureillustratedlectures,groupresearch,fieldtrips,andexchangeswithlocalexperts.Betteryet,theprogramisaccompaniedbytwo-daytripsbeyondthecity’slimits,complementingyourMilaneseexperience.·Credit:3semesterhours·Cost:$4,250·FeaturedCourse:FashionandBusiness·FeaturedTrip:ExploreLakeComo,themostbeautifulofthenorthernItalianlakes1.WhatareparticipantsexpectedtodoinGlasgow?A.Topromotethetraditionalfolkmusic. B.Tointeractwithnativemusicians.C.Toobservediversenaturallandscapes. D.Toenjoyvirtualliveperformances.2.WhatisspecialfortheprograminMilan?A.Pairresearchprojectswillbeincluded. B.Immersivefashionshowswillbegiven.C.Lecturesbylocalexpertswillbeoffered. D.Tripsoutsidethecitywillbeorganized.3.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Touristguides. B.Fashiondesigners.C.Collegestudents. D.Musicalperformers.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章主要介绍了三个2025年1月的全新冬季留学项目，旨在为学生提供丰富的学术和文化体验。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Program2:JanuaryinGlasgow部分“Fromtraditionalfolktunestocontemporarygenres,you’llhavetheopportunitytoengagewithlocalmusicians,attendliveperformances,andgaininsightsintoGlasgow’sdiversemusicallandscape.(从传统的民间曲调到当代流派，您将有机会与当地音乐家接触，参加现场表演，并深入了解格拉斯哥多样化的音乐景观)”可知，在格拉斯哥项目中，参与者将有机会与当地音乐家互动。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Program3:JanuaryinMilan部分“Betteryet,theprogramisaccompaniedbytwo-daytripsbeyondthecity’slimits,complementingyourMilaneseexperience.(更棒的是，该项目还包括为期两天的城市外游，为您的米兰之旅锦上添花)”可知，米兰项目特别之处在于，除了日常课程，还会组织为期两天的城市外旅行。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Explorethebrand-newandexcitingwinterstudyabroadprogramsandpickyourfavoriteforyournextwinterbreak!(探索全新的、令人兴奋的冬季留学项目，为你的下一个寒假选择你最喜欢的！)”结合文章整体介绍的是冬季留学项目，同时根据文章所提供的特色的课程、学分等信息可推断这些内容都具有针对大学生留学项目的特点，旨在帮助他们获得学分和学术体验，所以可以推断出这篇文章的目标读者是大学生。故选C。BJohnArrillagaSr,thepioneeringSiliconValleydeveloper,wasoneofStanford’sgreatestbenefactors(捐助者),leavingalegacyliterallybuiltintoeverycornerofcampus.Overdecades,Arrillaga’sgenerousdonationsandhands-oneffortsreshapedStanford’scampus.Thoughbestknownforathleticfacilities,histrueimpactextendedfarbeyond.AshislongtimefriendJohnEtchemendynoted,“Hundredsofprojectsbearhismark,yetrarelyhisname.”NowherewasthisquietdedicationclearerthaninthereconstructionofStanfordStadium.Hepersonallyfundedandoversaweverydetail—fromselectingpalmtreestodesigningseatstomappingwalkways—yetrefusedtoputhisnameonit.Bornintoaworking-classfamily,youngArrillagacouldn’taffordapropersuitforhishighschoolgraduation,havingtoborrowanill-fittingjacketwithsleevesthatbarelyreachedhiswrists.HeunexpectedlyattendedStanfordonabasketballscholarship,workingmultiplecampusjobstomakeendsmeet.AfterplayingprofessionallyinSpain,hereturnedtodevelopSiliconValleyofficesduringthetechboom,becomingamillionaire.Truetohishumblebeginnings,hestartedrepayingStanfordalmostimmediatelyaftergraduation—beginningwithmodestathleticdepartmentgiftsthatgrewintohistoricdonationsexceeding$250million.Throughhisscholarshipprograms,he’shelpedover300studentsfacingsimilarfinancialchallenges.Oneday,ayoungdonormovedbyArrillaga’sgenerositysharedhowwitnessingtheselflessgivinghadprofoundlyshapedhisdevotiontocharitablework.Realizingtheripple(涟漪)effectofhisactionsthroughothers,Arrillagamonthslatermadearareexception:hepermittedhisnametoappearonjustonebuilding—notforpersonaldistinction,butasanodtothepowerofleadingbyexample.WhilehisbenefactionhelpedcommunitiesacrossSiliconValleythroughdonationstopolicestations,libraries,andotherpublicspaces,hisstrongesttiesalwaysremainedwithStanfordUniversity.4.WhatwasArrillaga’skeyroleinthestadiumreconstruction?A.Afull-projectsupporter. B.Astadiumco-investor.C.Alandscapedesigner. D.Abuildingmaterialproducer.5.WhatmotivatedArrillaga’slifelongcommitmenttoStanford?A.Themillionairelifestyleexperience. B.Thedesireforpublicrecognition.C.Thefate-changingscholarship. D.Thebusinessinvestmentstrategies.6.WhydidArrillagafinallyallowhisnametoappearononebuilding?A.Toacceptpraisefromthepublic. B.Toshowtherippleeffectofathletics.C.Tofulfillarequestfromhisuniversity. D.Toinspiremorecharitableactions.7.WhatdoesArrillaga’sexperienceshow?A.Wealthnecessitatespublicdisplay. B.Silentimpactoutweighsvisiblerecognition.C.Humblebeginningscanleadtofortunes. D.Athleticexcellencedrivessocialchange.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了硅谷先驱开发者、斯坦福大学最大捐助者之一约翰·阿里拉加(JohnArrillagaSr)的生平事迹、慷慨捐赠及其深远影响。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“NowherewasthisquietdedicationclearerthaninthereconstructionofStanfordStadium.Hepersonallyfundedandoversaweverydetail—fromselectingpalmtreestodesigningseatstomappingwalkways—yetrefusedtoputhisnameonit.(在斯坦福体育场的重建中，这种默默奉献的精神体现得最为明显。他亲自资助并监督每一个细节——从挑选棕榈树到设计座位，再到规划走道——但他拒绝将自己的名字署在上面。)”可知，阿里拉加是体育场重建的全项目支持者。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“HeunexpectedlyattendedStanfordonabasketballscholarship,workingmultiplecampusjobstomakeendsmeet.AfterplayingprofessionallyinSpain,hereturnedtodevelopSiliconValleyofficesduringthetechboom,becomingamillionaire.Truetohishumblebeginnings,hestartedrepayingStanfordalmostimmediatelyaftergraduation—beginningwithmodestathleticdepartmentgiftsthatgrewintohistoricdonationsexceeding$250million.(他意外地凭借篮球奖学金进入斯坦福大学，并在校内做多份工作以维持生计。在西班牙打职业比赛后，他在科技繁荣时期回到硅谷开发办公楼，成为百万富翁。他始终没有忘记自己卑微的出身，毕业后几乎立刻就开始回报斯坦福大学——从向体育部赠送微薄的礼物开始，后来捐赠额超过2.5亿美元，成为历史性的捐赠。)”可知，改变命运的奖学金激发了阿里拉加对斯坦福大学一生的承诺。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Oneday,ayoungdonormovedbyArrillaga’sgenerositysharedhowwitnessingtheselflessgivinghadprofoundlyshapedhisdevotiontocharitablework.Realizingtheripple(涟漪)effectofhisactionsthroughothers,Arrillagamonthslatermadearareexception:hepermittedhisnametoappearonjustonebuilding—notforpersonaldistinction,butasanodtothepowerofleadingbyexample.(一天，一位被阿里拉加的慷慨所感动的年轻捐赠者分享了目睹这种无私奉献如何深刻地影响了他对慈善事业的投入。意识到自己的行为通过他人产生的涟漪效应后，几个月后，阿里拉加破例允许自己的名字出现在一座建筑上——不是为了个人荣誉，而是为了肯定以身作则的力量。)”可推知，阿里拉加最终允许在一座建筑上出现自己的名字是为了激励更多的慈善行为。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段“Hundredsofprojectsbearhismark,yetrarelyhisname.(数百个项目都带有他的印记，但很少有他的名字。)”和最后一段“WhilehisbenefactionhelpedcommunitiesacrossSiliconValleythroughdonationstopolicestations,libraries,andotherpublicspaces,hisstrongesttiesalwaysremainedwithStanfordUniversity.(虽然他的捐赠帮助了硅谷各地的社区，包括警察局、图书馆和其他公共空间，但他与斯坦福大学的联系始终最为紧密。)”可知，文章主要介绍了硅谷先驱开发者、斯坦福大学最大捐助者之一约翰·阿里拉加(JohnArrillagaSr)的生平事迹、慷慨捐赠及其深远影响，他默默奉献，不求名利，却对斯坦福大学和硅谷社区产生了巨大影响。由此推知，阿里拉加的经历表明默默奉献的影响胜过可见的认可。故选B项。CGrowingcucumbersonthemoonmightsoundlikesciencefiction,butforthousandsofAustralianstudentsagedseventoten,thatfutureisnow.TheyarepioneeringtheALEPHProject,agroundbreakingworld-firstmissiontoestablishthefirstlunargardenby2026.Farfrombeingpassiveobservers,theseyoungscientistsarethevitalengineoftheproject.Theyrolluptheirsleevestotacklethecoreobjective—figuringoutwhatcanactuallygrowonthemoon—throughhands-onexperimentation.Bydesigningspecializedseeddeliverysystemsanduploadingfindingstoanationaldatabase,theyequipscientistswithreal-worlddataforcriticaldecision-making.ThisStileEducationandLunariaOnepartnershiphasalreadyyieldedremarkableresults,withover440student-ledexperimentsand200teams’datapushingthemissionahead.Yettheuniverseisn’tmakingiteasyfortheseyoungexplorers.Thebiggestproblemisreproducingthetoughenvironmentofthemoonrightintheirclassroom.Whiletheycanuseanoventogeneratemoon-likeheatandaspecialmachinetosimulaterocketshake,copyingthespaceradiationandzero-gravitythatseedsfaceinspaceismuchharder.ThismismatchbetweenEarth-basedsimulationsandwhatreallyhappensinspacemakestheirprojectimmenselychallenging.Tobridgethisgap,thestudentslearnthroughtrialanderror,likerealscientistsdo.Takethecaseof13-year-oldHuefner.Hediscoveredmoon-likeconditionsmadetomatoesgrowtallerthanthecontrolgroup,provingscienceisn’tjustformulas,buthumancuriosityinaction.Suchstoriesresonatewiththeteamonaprofoundlevel.LunariaOne’sLaurenrecallswantingfreshsaladduringherspacemission,notdryfood.“Itreallyhithomehowimportantmissionslikethisare,”shereflects,“asthey’reourfirststepstowardgrowingfreshfoodinspace.”Thisdirectlinkfromscientificinquirytofuturesustenance(生计)sustainstheirpassion.Thisprojectdoesmorethangrowplants—itgrowsfutureexplorers.Ultimately,itbringssciencetolife,becausethekidstendingtheselunargardenstodaymightjustbetheonesseedinghumanity’sfutureinspacetomorrow—allthroughtheirschoolcurriculum.8.WhatistheprimarypurposeoftheALEPHProject?A.Tomodernizeexperimentallearning. B.Toadvanceoff-worldfarmingpractice.C.Toevaluatelunaragriculturalsystems. D.Tostimulatepassivescientificminds.9.Whatisthemainchallengefortheseyoungscientists?A.Tacklingtrue-to-moonheatmodeling. B.Seekingaccesstohigh-endlabequipment.C.GainingexperienceinEarthagriculture. D.Recreatingconditionssimilartospace.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hithome”inparagraph4mean?A.Causedserioustechnicalarguments. B.Evaluatednovelscientificinsights.C.Struckwithdeepemotionalforce. D.Reachedtheunexpecteddestination.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CanClassroomsFeedMoon? B.HowtoSurviveLunarHeat?C.WhoWillFarminSpace? D.IsOff-EarthSaladBeneficial?【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚7至10岁学生参与的ALEPH项目，旨在2026年建立首个月球花园，虽面临挑战但意义重大。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Growingcucumbersonthemoonmightsoundlikesciencefiction,butforthousandsofAustralianstudentsagedseventoten,thatfutureisnow.

TheyarepioneeringtheALEPHProject,agroundbreakingworld-firstmissiontoestablishthefirstlunargardenby2026.(在月球上种植黄瓜听起来或许像科幻小说里的情节，但对于成千上万七到十岁的澳大利亚学生来说，这样的未来已然到来。他们正在开创ALEPH项目，这是一项开创性的全球首个任务，旨在到2026年建立第一个月球花园)”可知，ALEPH项目的主要目的是推进地球外农业实践。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thebiggestproblemisreproducingthetoughenvironmentofthemoonrightintheirclassroom.(最大的问题是在他们的教室里重现月球的恶劣环境)”以及“ThismismatchbetweenEarth-basedsimulationsandwhatreallyhappensinspacemakestheirprojectimmenselychallenging.(这种基于地球的模拟与太空中实际发生的情况之间的不匹配使他们的项目极具挑战性)”可知，这些年轻科学家面临的主要挑战是重现类似太空的条件。故选D项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“LunariaOne’sLaurenrecallswantingfreshsaladduringherspacemission,notdryfood.(LunariaOne的劳伦回忆起在太空任务中想要新鲜沙拉，而不是干粮)”以及划线词下文“asthey’reourfirststepstowardgrowingfreshfoodinspace.(因为这是我们在太空中种植新鲜食物的第一步)”可知，劳伦的回忆让她深刻意识到这个项目的重要性，“hithome”意思是“引起强烈的情感共鸣”。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。文章主要围绕澳大利亚学生参与的ALEPH项目，探索在月球种植植物展开，且提到这些学生未来可能成为在太空播种人类未来的人，A项“CanClassroomsFeedMoon?(教室能为月球提供食物吗？)”能很好地概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。DThetinywormCaenorhabditiseleganshasabrainjustaboutthewidthofahumanhair,yetitcancoordinateandcalculatecomplexmovementsasithuntsforfood.DanielaRus,acomputerscientistatMIT,wassodeeplyimpressedbytheeleganceandefficiencyofthisworm’sbrainthatsheco-foundedacompany,LiquidAI,tobuildanewtypeofartificialintelligence.ManyresearchersincludingRusthinkmakingtraditionalAImorebrainlikecouldcreateflexibleandperhapssmartertechnology.“ToimproveAItruly,weneedtoabsorbinsightsfromneuroscience(神经科学),”saysKanakaRajan,acomputationalneuroscientistatHarvardUniversity.MikeDavies,whodirectstheNeuromorphicComputingLab,notessuchtechnologywon’tfullyreplaceordinarycomputersortraditionalAImodels—instead,manysystemswillcoexistinthefuture.Imitatingbrainsisnotanewidea.Inthe1950s,FrankRosenblattcreatedtheperceptron,ahighlysimplifiedmodelofbrainnervecellcommunicationwithasinglelayerofconnectedartificialneurons.Thisbasicdesignlaterhelpedinspiredeeplearning.Yetconsumingvastamountsofdataandenergy,mosttoday’sAImodelsareunabletoadapteasilytonewsituationsorlearnfromsingleexperienceslikeabrain,andarecriticizedas“bruteforceandinefficient.”Currently,AIdevelopmenthastwopaths—“scale-up”vs.“efficiency-focused”—withanuncertainfuturewhilebrain-inspiredneuromorphiccomputingprogresshasn’tjoinedmainstreamAI.Inspiredbytheworm,RusworkedwithRaminHasani’steamtocreateliquidneuralnetworks.Unliketraditionaldeeplearningwithfixedpost-trainingsettings,thesenetworksaremoreflexibleandcanlearnlikelivingthings.Bycopyingwormneuronswithmathematicalformulasandsolvingcomputingproblems,theycanworkinrealtime.Testsshowedwithjust34artificialneuronsasmallliquidnetworkworkedbetterthanatraditionalAIwith250,000settingsindronetasks.LiquidAIhasworkedwithDARPAtotestaircraftmodelsandlaunchedthe7-billion-settingLFM-7B,whichperformsbetterthansimilartraditionallanguagemodels.Thoughneedingmuchcomputingpowerandnotnecessarilymoreenergy-saving,liquidneuralnetworksareanimportantsteptowardrealistic,brain-likeAI.AsRussays,“I’mexcitedaboutLiquidAIbecauseIbelieveitcouldchangethefutureofAIandcomputing.”12.WhatmainlyinspiredDanielaRustoestablishLiquidAI?A.ThelimitationsoftraditionalAImodels.B.Theefficiencyofthetinyworm’sbrain.C.Theworm’scooperativefood-huntingskills.D.Thepursuitofmoreflexibleandsmartertechnology.13.WhatdoesMikeDaviessuggestaboutfutureAIdevelopment?A.Brain-liketechnologyhaslittlepracticalvalue.B.NeuromorphiccomputingwilldominatetheAIfield.C.DifferentAIsystemsmayworktogetherinthefuture.D.TraditionalAImodelswillbecompletelyabandoned.14.Whatmakesliquidneuralnetworksspecial?A.Theyhavefixedsettingsaftertraining.B.Theydependonfewmathematicalformulas.C.TheyworkworsethantraditionalAIintasks.D.Theycanlearnflexiblylikelivingcreatures.15.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.LiquidAIhasbothlimitsandvalue.B.Brain-likeAIhasbeenfullyachieved.C.TraditionalAIismorereliablethanliquidAI.D.LiquidAIwilldefinitelycontroltheAImarket.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍受线虫大脑启发，研究人员研发出液态神经网络这一新型人工智能，阐述其优势、特点，同时提及传统人工智能的局限及未来AI发展趋势。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“DanielaRus,acomputerscientistatMIT,wassodeeplyimpressedbytheeleganceandefficiencyofthisworm’sbrainthatsheco-foundedacompany,LiquidAI,tobuildanewtypeofartificialintelligence.(麻省理工学院的计算机科学家丹妮拉·鲁斯被这种线虫大脑的精巧和高效深深打动，于是与人共同创办了LiquidAI公司，旨在研发一种新型人工智能。)”可知，线虫大脑的高效是丹妮拉·鲁斯创办LiquidAI的主要灵感来源。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“MikeDavies,whodirectstheNeuromorphicComputingLab,notessuchtechnologywon’tfullyreplaceordinarycomputersortraditionalAImodels—instead,manysystemswillcoexistinthefuture.(神经形态计算实验室主任迈克·戴维斯指出，这种技术不会完全取代普通计算机或传统人工智能模型——相反，未来多种系统将共存。)”可知，迈克·戴维斯认为未来不同的人工智能系统可能会协同工作。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Inspiredbytheworm,RusworkedwithRaminHasani’steamtocreateliquidneuralnetworks.

Unliketraditionaldeeplearningwithfixedpost-trainingsettings,thesenetworksaremoreflexibleandcanlearnlikelivingthings.(受到蠕虫的启发，鲁斯与拉明·哈萨尼的团队合作创建了液体神经网络。与训练后设置固定的传统深度学习不同，这些网络更灵活，能够像生物一样学习。)”可知，液态神经网络的特别之处在于它们能像生物一样灵活学习。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Thoughneedingmuchcomputingpowerandnotnecessarilymoreenergy-saving,liquidneuralnetworksareanimportantsteptowardrealistic,brain-likeAI.(尽管需要大量计算能力，且不一定更节能，但液态神经网络是迈向逼真、类脑人工智能的重要一步。)”可知，该段既提到了液态神经网络的局限性，也指出了其价值，即液态AI既有局限也有价值。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。AccordingtoalandmarkstudypublishedtodayinthejournalScience,totalbutterflyabundanceintheU.S.hasdeclinedby22percentacrossallspeciesbetween2000and2020.___16___Peopleshouldbeseeingthisnumberandbeingveryconcerned,notjustaboutbutterflies,butaboutthestateofinsectsingeneral.Across35monitoringprograms,scientistsandvolunteershaveidentified12.6millionbutterfliesfrom554speciesat2,478uniquelocations.Initially,researchersexpectedtoseedeclinesformanyspecies,butthatonceallthedatawasscaleduptocovertheentirenation,theyalsoexpectedtoseeenoughincreasestowashoutthebadnews.___17___“It’skindofanoverwhelmingamountoflossanddecline,”oneoftheresearcherssaid.Thisisawake-upcall.___18___Itisfoundthatmorethan100speciessawdropsgreaterthan50percentoverthetwenty-yeartimespanandthat22specieshavedeclinedmorethan90percent.___19___Butterfliesarenottheonlyinsectsindanger,andtheirdeclinesconnecttobiggerconcerns.Itcouldbebroadlyindicativeoftheoverallbiodiversitycrisis.ItisestimatedthatthreebillionbirdshavebeenlostinNorthAmericasince1970.Whilescientistssaythebutterflylossescanbeattributedtomanyfactors,includinghabitatloss,climatechange,andpesticideuse,therearesomethingsindividualscandotohelpbutterflies.___20___Becauseinsectshaveshortgenerationspans,evenmodestchangestotheenvironment—suchasplantingnativeflowersorcreatinghabitat-canhaveahugeimpactontheincreaseinpopulation.That’soneofthemostoptimisticthings.Butterfliesdohavetheabilitytobounceback,ifpeopleputtheeffortintoconservationactions.A.Unfortunately,thatwasnotthecase.B.Evencommonspeciesareintrouble.C.Suchfindingsarejustthetipoftheiceberg.D.Thesituationreflectsawiderecologicaldisaster.E.Therealitymaybeworsethanthenumberssuggest.F.Thatmeansaboutoneinfivebutterflieshavevanished.G.Creatinginsect-friendlyenvironmentscanyieldrapidbenefits.【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.D20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究显示2000-2020年美国蝴蝶总数降22%，部分物种降幅惊人，这反映广泛生态灾难，而个人打造昆虫友好环境可助其恢复。【16题详析】根据前文“AccordingtoalandmarkstudypublishedtodayinthejournalScience,totalbutterflyabundanceintheU.S.hasdeclinedby22percentacrossallspeciesbetween2000and2020.(根据今天发表在《科学》杂志上的一项具有里程碑意义的研究，2000年至2020年间，美国所有物种的蝴蝶总数下降了22%。)”明确“2000-2020年美国蝴蝶总数量下降22%”，F选项“Thatmeansaboutoneinfivebutterflieshavevanished.(这意味着大约五分之一的蝴蝶已经消失了。)”将抽象百分比转化为“约五分之一蝴蝶消失”的直观表述，既解释了数据含义，又自然承接后文“Peopleshouldbeseeingthisnumberandbeingveryconcerned,(人们应该看到这个数字并非常关注。)”逻辑连贯。故选F项。【17题详析】根据前文“Initially,researchersexpectedtoseedeclinesformanyspecies,butthatonceallthedatawasscaleduptocovertheentirenation,theyalsoexpectedtoseeenoughincreasestowashoutthebadnews.(最初，研究人员预计会看到许多物种的数量下降，但一旦所有数据扩大到覆盖整个国家，他们也预计会看到足够的增长来抵消坏消息。)”提到研究者最初预期“全国范围数据中，部分物种的增长能抵消衰退的坏消息”，后文““It’skindofanoverwhelmingamountoflossanddecline,”oneoftheresearcherssaid.Thisisawake-upcall.(“这是一种压倒性的损失和衰退，”一位研究人员说。这是一个警钟。)”却引用研究者的话强调“损失和衰退令人震惊”。A选项“Unfortunately,thatwasnotthecase.(不幸的是，事实并非如此。)”以“不幸地是，事实并非如此”转折，完美衔接“预期”与“实际结果”的矛盾，推动情节发展。故选A项。【18题详析】根据后文“Itisfoundthatmorethan100speciessawdropsgreaterthan50percentoverthetwenty-yeartimespanandthat22specieshavedeclinedmorethan90percent.(研究发现，在过去的20年里，超过100个物种的数量下降了50%以上，其中22个物种的数量下降了90%以上。)”说明蝴蝶数量下降并非个例，而是更广泛危机的一部分。C选项“Suchfindingsarejustthetipoftheiceberg.(这些发现只是冰山一角。)”恰好引出后文更深层的物种衰退情况，体现问题的严重性。故选C项。【19题详析】根据后文“Butterfliesarenottheonlyinsectsindanger,andtheirdeclinesconnecttobiggerconcerns.Itcouldbebroadlyindicativeoftheoverallbiodiversitycrisis.ItisestimatedthatthreebillionbirdshavebeenlostinNorthAmericasince1970.(蝴蝶并不是唯一处于危险中的昆虫，它们的减少与更大的问题有关。这可以广泛地反映出整个生物多样性危机。据估计，自1970年以来，北美已经失去了30亿只鸟类。)”提到蝴蝶并非唯一濒危昆虫，其减少指向生物多样性危机，北美鸟类也大量减少。D选项“Thesituationreflectsawiderecologicaldisaster.(这种情况反映了更广泛的生态灾难。)”概括了这一核心，将蝴蝶衰退与整体生态危机关联，衔接自然。故选D项。【20题详析】根据前文“Whilescientistssaythebutterflylossescanbeattributedtomanyfactors,includinghabitatloss,climatechange,andpesticideuse,therearesomethingsindividualscandotohelpbutterflies.(虽然科学家们说蝴蝶的减少可以归因于许多因素，包括栖息地的丧失、气候变化和农药的使用，但个人可以做一些事情来帮助蝴蝶。)”提出“个人可采取措施帮助蝴蝶”，后文“Becauseinsectshaveshortgenerationspans,evenmodestchangestotheenvironment—suchasplantingnativeflowersorcreatinghabitat-canhaveahugeimpactontheincreaseinpopulation.(因为昆虫的繁殖周期很短，即使是对环境的轻微改变，如种植本地花卉或创造栖息地，也会对种群的增长产生巨大的影响。)”解释“昆虫繁殖周期短，环境的微小改善就能大幅促进种群增长”。G选项“Creatinginsect-friendlyenvironmentscanyieldrapidbenefits.(创造适合昆虫的环境能快速见效。)”既呼应前文“个人措施”，又为后文的原因解释铺垫，逻辑闭环。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Iwasapainfullyshybookworm,hidingbehindthicknovelstoavoidconversation.Mysecretshelterwasthedustytown____21____.Onerainyafternoon,IwatchedinhorrorasoldMr.Clark,thelibrarian,awkwardly____22____atoweringpileofbooks.TheancientOxfordEnglishDictionary,thelibrary'scrownjewel,____23____fromhisgraspandlandedinadeeppuddle(小水坑)witha____24____splash(溅泼声).Whileeveryonecriedinshock,I____25____withoutasecondthought.Iracedoutside,scoopedup(捡起)thedrippinggiant,and____26____ittothecounter.“Weneedpapertowels____27____.”Iinstructed,myvoicesurprisingly____28____“Andsomeonecallabookconservator!”Tomy____29____theylistened.Forthenexthour,IdirectedtherescueoperationwithknowledgeI’d____30____fromreadingaboutbookpreservation.Thedictionary____31____.Mr.Clarklatertoldme.“Youweren’tjustsavingabooktoday.Youwere____32____.”Thatwetdictionarytaughtmethatcourageisn’ttheabsenceoffear,butthestrong____33____thatsomethingelsemattersmore.My____34____Idiscovered,wasthereallalong—itjustneededtheright____35____tobeheard.21.A.hall B.mall C.library D.museum22.A.read B.handled C.printed D.published23.A.departed B.originated C.disappeared D.slipped24.A.sickening B.appealing C.pressing D.freezing25.A.acted B.rose C.screamed D.left26.A.shifted B.rushed C.fixed D.attached27.A.frequently B.admittedly C.immediately D.relatively28.A.firm B.flat C.thrilled D.awed29.A.frustration B.astonishment C.disappointment D.satisfaction30.A.borrowed B.made C.removed D.absorbed31.A.survived B.emerged C.bombed D.existed32.A.growing B.acting C.leading D.reacting33.A.explanation B.proof C.belief D.information34.A.proposal B.ambition C.opinion D.voice35.A.position B.moment C.person D.venue【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.A26.B27.C28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了原本害羞的作者在图书馆勇敢救援掉进水坑的词典，从而发现自己的勇气和声音一直都在。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的秘密避难所是尘土飞扬的镇图书馆。A.hall大厅；B.mall商场；C.library图书馆；D.museum博物馆。根据后文“IwatchedinhorrorasoldMr.Clark,thelibrarian”以及“TheancientOxfordEnglishDictionary,thelibrary’scrownjewel”可知，此处说的是镇图书馆。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的下午，我惊恐地看着图书管理员克拉克先生笨拙地处理着一堆高高的书。A.read阅读；B.handled处理；C.printed印刷；D.published出版。根据后文“atoweringpileofbooks”可知，克拉克先生是图书管理员，在处理一堆书。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：图书馆的皇冠上的明珠——古老的《牛津英语词典》，从他手中滑落，溅起令人作呕的水花，掉进了一个深水坑里。A.departed离开；B.originated起源；C.disappeared消失；D.slipped滑落。根据后文“fromhisgraspandlandedinadeeppuddle(小水坑)”可知，词典从他手中滑落。故选D。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：图书馆的皇冠上的明珠——古老的《牛津英语词典》，从他手中滑落，溅起令人作呕的水花，掉进了一个深水坑里。A.sickening令人作呕的；B.appealing吸引人的；C.pressing紧迫的；D.freezing极冷的。根据前文“landedinadeeppuddle(小水坑)”可知，词典掉进深水坑里，溅起的声音令人作呕。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当每个人都震惊地惊呼时，我不假思索地行动了。A.acted行动；B.rose上升；C.screamed尖叫；D.left离开。根据后文“Iracedoutside,scoopedupthedrippinggiant”可知，此处表示作者不假思索地行动了。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑到外面，捡起滴水的巨物，然后冲到柜台前。A.shifted转移；B.rushed冲；C.fixed修理；D.attached附上。根据前文“Iracedoutside,scoopedupthedrippinggiant”可知，作者捡起词典后冲到柜台前。故选B。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们需要马上拿纸巾来。”我指示道，声音出奇地坚定。A.frequently频繁地；B.admittedly公认地；C.immediately立即；D.relatively相对地。根据前文“Iracedoutside,scoopedupthedrippinggiant”可知，词典掉进水里，情况紧急，所以需要立即拿纸巾。故选C。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们需要马上拿纸巾来。”我指示道，声音出奇地坚定。A.firm坚定的；B.flat平坦的；C.thrilled激动的；D.awed敬畏的。根据后文“Andsomeonecallabookconservator!”可知，作者指挥大家救援，声音很坚定。故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，他们听了我的话。A.frustration沮丧；B.astonishment惊讶；C.disappointment失望；D.satisfaction满意。根据后文“theylistened”可知，作者原本害羞，现在却指挥大家救援，所以大家听她的话让她惊讶。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的一个小时里，我利用从阅读书籍保护知识中吸收的知识指导救援行动。A.borrowed借；B.made制作；C.removed去除；D.absorbed吸收。根据后文“fromreadingaboutbookpreservation”可知，作者从阅读中吸收了书籍保护知识。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本词典幸存了下来。A.survived幸存；B.emerged出现；C.bombed轰炸；D.existed存在。根据前文“Idirectedtherescueoperation”可知，这本词典被成功挽救，幸存了下来。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你是在引领。A.growing成长；B.acting行动；C.leading引领；D.reacting反应。根据前文“Idirectedtherescueoperation”可知，作者的行为是在引领大家进行救援。故选C。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那本湿漉漉的词典告诉我，勇气不是没有恐惧，而是坚信还有其他更重要的事情。A.explanation解