湖南省衡阳市某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省衡阳市某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAseconomiesprosperallovertheworld,thetop10bestamusementparksintheworldin2020arecontributingtogreatgrowththroughtheticketsales,salepromotionandinnovativeridesandattractionsatthemostpopularthemeparksintheworld.Thisarticlebreaksdownthebestamusementparksintheworldrankedbypopularityandannualattendance.

Theindustryischangingandisbecomingmoreinnovativeandmagicalthaneverbefore.Thetop10bestamusementparksintheworldareattractingrecordattendeesandgrowingatsuchafastrate,expecttoseemoreexpansionsandincreasedlicensedealstobringevenmorefairytalestorealityinthefuture.21.Whichofthefollowingisthemostvisitedamusementpark?A.DisneylandPark. B.UniversalStudiosJapan.C.ShanghaiDisneylandPark. D.Disney’sHollywoodStudios.22.WhatistheannualattendanceofChimelongOceanKingdom?A.About10million. B.About11million. C.About15million. D.About21million.23.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thefutureoftheworldamusementparks. B.Asharpincreaseinattendeenumbers.C.Theinnovativeandmagicalfairytales. D.Theattractingentertainmentindustry.【答案】21.A22.B23.A【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章按受欢迎程度和年上座率列出了世界上最好的游乐园。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据图表显示可知，DisneylandPark的年上座量在15,000,000到20,000,00之间；UniversalStudiosJapan的年上座量快到15,000,000；ShanghaiDisneylandPark年上座量在10,000,00到15,000,000之间；Disney’sHollywoodStudios的年上座量在10,000,00到15,000,000之间。对比这四组数据可知，游客最多的游乐园是DisneylandPark。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据图表显示可知，ChimelongOceanKingdom年上座量在10,000,00到15,000,000之间，所以ChimelongOceanKingdom每年的参观人数是About11million，故选B。【23题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thetop10bestamusementparksintheworldareattractingrecordattendeesandgrowingatsuchafastrate,expecttoseemoreexpansionsandincreasedlicensedealstobringevenmorefairytalestorealityinthefuture.”（世界十大最佳游乐园吸引了创纪录的游客，并以如此快的速度增长，预计未来会有更多的扩建和更多的许可协议，将更多的童话故事变成现实。）可知，最后一段主要在讲述游乐园的未来。故选A。BTheyearwas1937.Iwassevenyearsold.AndIwaswithmyfatherandmother,ataChineserestaurantinBoroPark,Brooklyn.ThatwasthefirstChineserestaurantIeverateat.Iwasalwaysgivenfoodfromtheadults’orders.I’mnotsurewhenitwas,butthetimedidcomewhenIhadmyfirstorder—Won-Tonsoup,eggrollsandspareribs.Thatmademeexcited.MyfatherseemedtoknowtheChinesewaiter,ayoungguy;hisnamewasJimmy.IrememberbeingsurprisedthataChinesemancouldhaveanAmericanname.Somemonthslater,myfathertookmetoarestaurantinManhattan’sChinatowncalledTheRathskelleronMottStreet.ThiswasmyfirsttimeinChinatownandIwasveryimpressedbyhowdifferentitwasfromBoroPark.Wewentthereafewtimes.Ijustcouldn’thaveenoughofthefoodthere.In1951,IwassenttoworkintheHospitalTreasurer’sOfficeatLettermanArmyHospital.AcolleaguehadanunclewhowasawaiteratTheFarEastCafeonGrantAvenueintheheartofSanFrancisco’sChinatown.Onceaweek,agroupfromtheofficewouldgothereforlunchandmycolleague’sunclewouldtakegoodcareofus.MyfavoritedishwasTomatoBeefChowMein.Itwasn’tuntilabout23yearslater,in1974,thatIhadmynextseriousrelationshipwiththecuisine(菜肴)ofChina.IwasluckytotakesomecookinglessonsprovidedbyafamousChineserestaurant’schef.Thenmylifeenteredanewphase(阶段).Ididn’tknowitthen,butsometimelater,itbecamecleartomethatChinesefoodwouldfollowmethroughthedaysofmylife.24.Whathappenedduringtheauthor’sfirstexperienceataChineserestaurant?A.HefellinlovewithChinesefood.B.Hewaspraisedforhisgoodbehavior.C.Hewasallowedtoorderhisownfood.D.HebecamefamiliarwiththeChinesewaiter.25.WhatdidtheauthormostprobablythinkofTheRathskeller?A.Thefoodtheresuitedhistaste.B.Itprovidedqualitycustomerservice.C.Theenvironmenttherewaspleasant.D.Itofferedachancetolearnforeigncultures.26.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A.HeknewChinesetablemannerswell.B.Chinesefoodhadalastinginfluenceonhim.C.Heformedaclosefriendshipwithachef.D.AfamouschefhelpedhimrunaChineserestaurant.27.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Byusingdata. B.Byanalyzingcauses.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.D【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中国餐馆就餐的经历以及中餐对作者的持久影响。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ThatwasthefirstChineserestaurantIeverateat.Iwasalwaysgivenfoodfromtheadults’orders.(那是我吃过的第一家中餐馆。大人们总是给我点吃的)”和第二段中“I’mnotsurewhenitwas,butthetimedidcomewhenIhadmyfirstorder—Won-Tonsoup,eggrollsandspareribs.(我不确定是什么时候，但我第一次点餐的时候确实来了——馄饨汤、蛋卷和排骨)”可知，作者第一次去中餐馆时被允许自己点餐，故选C。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Somemonthslater,myfathertookmetoarestaurantinManhattan’sChinatowncalledTheRathskelleronMottStreet.ThiswasmyfirsttimeinChinatownandIwasveryimpressedbyhowdifferentitwasfromBoroPark.Wewentthereafewtimes.Ijustcouldn’thaveenoughofthefoodthere.(几个月后，父亲带我去了曼哈顿唐人街莫特街的一家名为TheRathskeller的餐馆。这是我第一次来唐人街，我对它与BoroPark的不同印象深刻。我们去了几次。我就是吃不饱那里的食物)”可知，作者去了TheRathskeller餐馆几次，觉得那里的食物总是吃不够，由此推知作者最可能认为TheRathskeller的食物符合自己的胃口，以至于怎么吃都不够，故选A。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ididn’tknowitthen,butsometimelater,itbecamecleartomethatChinesefoodwouldfollowmethroughthedaysofmylife.(当时我并不知道，但一段时间后，我清楚地意识到，中餐将伴随我的一生)”可推知，中国食物对作者有持久的影响。故选B。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Theyearwas1937.(那一年是1937年)”；第三段“Somemonthslater,myfathertookmetoarestaurantinManhattan’sChinatowncalledTheRathskelleronMottStreet.(几个月后，父亲带我去了曼哈顿唐人街莫特街的一家名为TheRathskeller的餐馆)”；第四段“In1951,IwassenttoworkintheHospitalTreasurer’sOfficeatLettermanArmyHospital.(1951年，我被派到莱特曼陆军医院的医院财务办公室工作)”以及最后一段“Itwasn’tuntilabout23yearslater,in1974,thatIhadmynextseriousrelationshipwiththecuisine(菜肴)ofChina.(直到大约23年后的1974年，我才与中国菜有了第二次真正的接触)”可推知，文章主要是按照时间的顺序展开。故选D。CWhereverwego,wearesurroundedbyhistory.Acrosstheglobe,culturalheritageispasseddownthroughgenerations.Itisinthebuildingsandstructuresaroundus.Itisintheartsandartifacts(手工艺品)wetreasure.Itlivesinthelanguageswespeakandthestorieswetell.Buttoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Notonlyisthedamageoftimeintimidatingourculturalheritage,butwars,climatechange,globalizationandtourismareallexactingaheavyprice.Technologyisnowthemostimportantweaponinthebattle.Here’showtechnologyispreservingourculturalheritage.Asyoucanimagine,creatingthereplicas(复制品)viacrowdsourced2Dimagesisextremelytime-consuming.Increasingly,artificialintelligence(AI)isbeingusedtodoalltherequiredsourcing,allowingmillionsofimagestobestoredinamatterofhours.AIwillalsomakerestoration-and-preservationofexistingculturalheritagefareasierandmuchbetterthanformermethods.Virtualreality(VR)technologywillplayaleadingroleinpreservingourculturalheritageinthecomingyears.Manyofthemostimportantsitesandarchitectureareeasilydamaged.Humaninteractionwiththeselocationsisdoingagreatdealofharm.Wastesleftcouldbeseeneverywhere,causingmanyproblems.Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsaredigitallymappedandrecorded,VRtechnologywillincreasinglybecomethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We’llalleventuallybeabletowalkthroughplaces,lookatandtouchartifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.Finally,ourculturalheritagewillbepreservedviatechnology.Effortsinresearch,innovation(创新),datasharingandprojectworkwillhelppromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intimidating”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Fading. B.Preserving. C.Recording. D.Threatening.29.HowdoesVRhelptopreserveculturalheritage?A.Byrecyclinghugeamountsofwaste.B.Bystoppingvisitorstouchingartifacts.C.Byreducinghumaneffectsonthesites.D.Byeducatingpeopleaboutthesites’importance.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotechnologyinpreservingtheculturalheritage?A.Positive. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Unsupportive.31.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.HowTechnologyChangesArtsB.WhatCulturalHeritageMeanstoUsC.PrepareforanInnovationinTechnologyD.PreservetheAncientwiththeAdvanced【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.D【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了现代技术（AI和VR）怎样应用在文化遗产的保护上。【28题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Buttoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Notonlyarethedamagesoftimeintimidatingourculturalheritage,butwars,climatechange,globalizationandtourismareallexactingaheavyprice.”（但今天，它受到了前所未有的攻击。时间的破坏不仅intimidating我们的文化遗产，而且战争、气候变化、全球化和旅游业都在付出沉重的代价。）可知，文化遗产受到前所未有的攻击，冲突，气候变化，全球化和旅游业都在付出沉重的代价，notonly…butalso…连接并列结构，此处讲述对文化遗产的破坏，因此推断时间的破坏威胁着文化遗产。故可猜测，划线单词为“威胁”的意思，结合选项D项意思一致。故选D项。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsaredigitallymappedandrecorded,VRtechnologywillincreasinglybecomethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We’llalleventuallybeabletowalkthroughplaces,lookatandtouchartifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.”（随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字化测绘和记录，VR技术将越来越多地成为人们体验它们的方式。我们最终都将能够在各个地方走动，观看和触摸人工制品和艺术作品，而不用亲眼看到它们。）可推知，VR技术可以模拟出这些文化遗产让我们感受而不用去现场，从而减少人类对文化遗产的影响以及破坏，以便保护这些文化遗产。故选C项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally,ourculturalheritagewillbepreservedviatechnology.Effortsinresearch,innovation(创新),datasharingandprojectworkwillhelppromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.”（最后，我们的文化遗产将通过技术得到保护。在研究、创新、数据共享和项目工作方面的努力将有助于促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产。）可推知，作者对文化遗产保护中技术的应用持积极肯定的态度。故选A项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Here’showtechnologyispreservingourculturalheritage.”（以下是科技如何保护我们的文化遗产。)以及文章最后一段“Finally,ourculturalheritagewillbepreservedviatechnology.Effortsinresearch,innovation(创新),datasharingandprojectworkwillhelppromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.”（最后，我们的文化遗产将通过技术得到保护。研究、创新、数据共享和项目工作的努力将有助于促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产。）可知，本文主要介绍现代技术应用在文化遗产的保护上。而D项“PreservetheAncientwiththeAdvanced(用先进的技术保护古代)”切合文意。故选D项。DOveradecadeago,thesciencefictionseriesBlackMirrorshowedastoryaboutusingartificialintelligencetobringbacklovedones.Thankstotechnologicaladvancement,thelatestAItechnologybringshopeofrecreatinglovedonesthroughvirtualform.Recently,itwasrevealedthatrenownedmusicianTinoBaohadcreatedadigitalversionofhisdaughter,whoin2021passedawayduetoararediseaseattheageof22.WiththehelpofXiaoice,MicrosoftAsia’sAIbranchbasedinChina,BaowasabletorecreatehisdaughterBaoRongasanAI-poweredvirtualfigure.TinoBao,hisfamilyandtheteamwenttogreatlengthstopiecetogetherpictures,audio-visualrecordings,andnarratedmemoriesofRong.Afterthousandsoftrialsanderrors,theypresentedthelife-likedigitalhumanwhospeaksinbothMandarinandEnglish.Baohasfinallylaunchedacompanytobringthetechnologicalmiracletootherfamiliesexperiencingsuchloss.However,thistechnologicalachievementhasalsobeenaccompaniedbymanycontroversies.TheideaofbringingbackalovedonethroughAImayseemcomforting.Still,researcherscautionthatconstantlyinteractingwithanAIversionofadeceasedlovedonecouldpotentiallyaffectthenaturalgrievingprocess,leavingindividualsstuckinastateofdenial.Thiscouldleadtoprolongedgriefandothermentalhealthissues.Furthermore,there’sariskthatpeoplemaybecomeoverlydependentonthetechnology,prioritizingtheirinteractionswiththeAIversionoverformingnew,real-liferelationships.WiththecaseofBaoRongoutintheopen,AIresurrection(复活)hasbecomeabusiness.Fromsimple“talkingpictures”thatsoundnothinglikethelovedonestodeepfakevideosofactorsspeakingwiththefacesofthosewhopassedaway,thelowerendofthemarketismore“artificial”than“intelligent”.Therefore,itiscrucialtoestablishproperregulationsandethicalstandardstoensurethattheuseofAI-resurrectiontechnologyissafeandresponsible.32.WhydoestheauthormentionBlackMirror?A.ToadvertiseMicrosoft’svirtualproducts.B.ToleadtothediscussionaboutAIresurrection.C.Toprovethepredictivepowerofsciencefiction.D.Tohighlighttheadvancementofartificialintelligence.33.Whichofthefollowingaspectsistheprimaryfocusofparagraph2?A.ThepopularityofAI-resurrectiontechnology.B.ReasonsformakingadigitalversionofBaoRong.C.Challengesofdevelopingalife-likedigitalhuman.D.TheprocessofcreatinganAI-poweredvirtualfigure.34.WhatcanwelearnaboutAI-resurrectiontechnologyfromparagraph3?A.Itstillhassometechnicallimitations.B.Ithelpspeoplebuildnewreal-liferelationships.C.Itcanbeaperson’sobstacletorecoveringfromsadness.D.Itenablesindividualstopreservegoodmemoriesoflovedones.35.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledo?A.Strengthenthemanagementofthetechnology.B.Applythetechnologytomakingpicturesandvideos.C.Putthetechnologyintothemarketassoonaspossible.D.Educatethepublicaboutthepotentialrisksoftechnology.【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.A【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。得益于技术进步，最新的人工智能技术带来了通过虚拟形式重现亲人的希望。然而，通过人工智能复活已故亲人也伴随着许多争议。因此，要建立适当的法规和道德标准，以确保人工智能复活技术的使用是安全和负责任的。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Overadecadeago,thesciencefictionseriesBlackMirrorshowedastoryaboutusingartificialintelligencetobringbacklovedones.Thankstotechnologicaladvancement,thelatestAItechnologybringshopeofrecreatinglovedonesthroughvirtualform.(十多年前，科幻连续剧《黑镜》讲述了一个利用人工智能带回亲人的故事。得益于技术进步，最新的人工智能技术带来了通过虚拟形式重现亲人的希望。)”可知，作者提到《黑镜》是为了引出话题，即关于人工智能复活的讨论。故选B。【33题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Recently,itwasrevealedthatrenownedmusicianTinoBaohadcreatedadigitalversionofhisdaughter,whoin2021passedawayduetoararediseaseattheageof22.WiththehelpofXiaoice,MicrosoftAsia’sAIbranchbasedinChina,BaowasabletorecreatehisdaughterBaoRongasanAI-poweredvirtualfigure.TinoBao,hisfamilyandtheteamwenttogreatlengthstopiecetogetherpictures,audio-visualrecordings,andnarratedmemoriesofRong.Afterthousandsoftrialsanderrors,theypresentedthelife-likedigitalhumanwhospeaksinbothMandarinandEnglish.(最近，据透露，著名音乐家包小柏为他的女儿创作了一个数字版本。2021年，女儿因一种罕见疾病去世，享年22岁。在微软亚洲人工智能中国分公司Xiaoice的帮助下，包小柏将女儿包容重新塑造成一个人工智能虚拟人物。包小柏、他的家人和团队竭尽全力拼凑出容的照片、音像记录和叙述记忆。在经历了数千次试错之后，他们展示了一个会说普通话和英语的数字人。)”可知，本段主要讲了包小柏和家人及其团队是如何创建人工智能驱动的虚拟人物的，即创造过程。故选D。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Still,researcherscautionthatconstantlyinteractingwithanAIversionofadeceasedlovedonecouldpotentiallyaffectthenaturalgrievingprocess,leavingindividualsstuckinastateofdenial.Thiscouldleadtoprolongedgriefandothermentalhealthissues.(尽管如此，研究人员警告说，不断与已故亲人的人工智能版本互动可能会影响自然的悲伤过程，使个人陷入否认状态。这可能会导致长期的悲伤和其他心理健康问题。)”可知，人工智能复活技术可能影响一个人从悲伤中恢复。故选C。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Therefore,itiscrucialtoestablishproperregulationsandethicalstandardstoensurethattheuseofAI-resurrectiontechnologyissafeandresponsible.(因此，至关重要的是要建立适当的法规和道德标准，以确保人工智能复活技术的使用是安全和负责任的。)”可知，作者建议人们要加强技术管理，以确保人工智能复活技术的使用是安全和负责任的。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheHeimlichManeuverGuidelineIntheearly1970s,HenryJ.Heimlich,MD,developedafirstaidtechniqueforchoking,knownastheHeimlichmaneuver.____36____Hewasshockedtolearnthatchokingwasaleadingcauseofdeath,especiallyinchildrenunder3yearsofage.WhentoUsetheHeimlichManeuverKnowingwhentousetheHeimlichmaneuvercanbevitalinemergencysituations.Ifapersonappearsunabletospeakorstartsmotioningtowardtheirthroat,theyarelikelychoking.____37____HowtoPerformtheHeimlichManeuverTheNationalSafetyCouncilprovidesthefollowingstepstohelpapersonwhoischoking,iftheyarestillconscious.Firstofall,standbehindthepersonwithonelegforwardbetweentheperson’slegs.Andthen,putyourarmsaroundthepersonandlocatetheirbellybutton.Placethethumbsideofonefistagainstthestomachjustabovetheirbellybutton.____38____Oncetheobjectisexpelledout,thechokingvictimwillgetmoretimetowaitforthemedicalstafftoarrive.____39____Avoidgivingsmallkidshardcandy,icecubes,andpopcorn.Cutfoodsthatkidscaneasilychokeonintotinypieces.Thiscanincludegrapesandotherfruit,rawcarrots,hotdogs,andchunksofcheese.Avoidlaughingortalkingwhilechewingandswallowing.____40____Ithappenssosuddenlyandimmediatehelpisneeded.LearninghowtoperformtheHeimlichmaneuvercorrectlycanhelpsavealife.Afterthechokingeventresolves,besuretoseekmedicalattentionforthepersonwhochokes.A.Howtopreventchoking.B.Chokingisanincrediblyscaryexperience.C.HowtopreparefortheHeimlichManeuverD.Inthesecases,it’scrucialtohelpimmediately.E.Ifthepatientisunresponsive,callmedicalhelpimmediately.F.Usequickthrustingmovementsfivetimesoruntiltheyexpeltheitem.G.Dr.Heimlichdevelopedthismethodafterreadinganarticleaboutaccidentaldeaths.【答案】36.G37.D38.F39.A40.B【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了何时使用海姆立克急救法以及如何实施。【36题详析】上文“Intheearly1970s,HenryJ.Heimlich,MD,developedafirstaidtechniqueforchoking,knownastheHeimlichmaneuver.(在20世纪70年代早期，HenryJ.Heimlich医学博士开发了一种急救窒息的技术，被称为海姆立克急救法)”提到，HenryJ.Heimlich发明了海姆立克急救法，G项“海姆立克博士在阅读了一篇关于意外死亡的文章后，发明了这种方法”承接上文，进一步描述他发明海姆立克急救法的细节，故选G。【37题详析】根据本段小标题“WhentoUsetheHeimlichManeuver(何时使用海姆立克急救法)”以及空前一句“Ifapersonappearsunabletospeakorstartsmotioningtowardtheirthroat,theyarelikelychoking.(如果一个人看起来无法说话或开始摸喉咙，他们很可能是窒息了)”可知，本段是讲述在什么情况下使用海姆立克急救法，前一句说到发生窒息的情况，D项“在这种情况下，立即提供帮助至关重要”承接上文，且呼应本段标题，说明发生窒息时要立刻使用海姆立克急救法，故选D。【38题详析】上文“Firstofall,standbehindthepersonwithonelegforwardbetweentheperson’slegs.Andthen,putyourarmsaroundthepersonandlocatetheirbellybutton.Placethethumbsideofonefistagainstthestomachjustabovetheirbellybutton.(首先，站在对方身后，将一条腿放在对方两腿之间。然后，把你的手臂环绕着这个人，找到他的肚脐。将一只拳头的拇指侧放在腹部，刚好在肚脐上方)”描述了实施海姆立克急救法的正确姿势，结合下文“Oncetheobjectisexpelledout(一旦物体被排出体外)”可知，空处应是描述将物体排出体外的急救动作，F项“使用快速冲击动作五次或直到他们排出物品”符合语境，故选F。【39题详析】空处为小标题，根据下“Avoid

giving

small

kids

hard

candy,

ice

cubes,

and

popcorn.

Cut

foods

that

kids

can

easily

choke

on

into

tiny

pieces.(不要给小孩子吃硬糖、冰块和爆米花。把孩子容易呛到的食物切成小块)”以及“Avoid

laughing

or

talking

while

chewing

and

swallowing.(咀嚼和吞咽时避免笑或说话)”可知，本段是关于如何预防窒息，A项“如何预防窒息”符合语境，故选A。【40题详析】根据下文“Ithappenssosuddenlyandimmediatehelpisneeded.(它发生得如此突然，需要立即提供帮助)”可知，空处应是提及一种紧急情况，指明It的指代内容，B项“窒息是一种非常可怕的经历”符合语境，It指代B项中的“Choking”，也与下文“thechokingevent”呼应，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Throughouthistory,femalescientists,engineersandmathematicianshavechangedtheworld.Butwhiletheir___41___havebeenremarkable,theirnamesandtheirstorieshave___42___receivedalotofattention.PhysicistJessWadewantedto___43___thestoriesofgreatscientificpioneerswhomaybeignoredandshe___44___auniquewaytodothat:writingWikipediapages.WadetoldCBSNewsthatwhilethe___45___ofwomeninscienceissmallincomparisontothatofmen,shehasalwayshad___46___inthefield.Whenshewasagraduatestudent,Wade___47___aninspiringwomaninscience,KimCobb,whoisaclimatescientistatBrownUniversity.“SowhenImetherIthoughtsheisa(n)___48___personandIneedtolearnmoreabouther.WhenIdidalittlesearch,Icouldn’t___49___anyinformationabouther.WhatI____50____wasaWikipediapagebutitwasn’tthere.”That’showWadegotthe____51____—tostartwritingWikipediapagesfordiversepeopleinsciencewhodon’tyethavethem.Inherfreetime,WadesearchestheInternetto____52____information,andthenshegetstoworkwritingWikipediapages.She’swrittenmorethan1,700sofar.Wadeisnowmakinga_____53_____forherselfinscienceandsheknowsshewouldn’tbeherewithoutthosewhocamebeforeher.“Weallhavearoleto____54____inmakingscienceamorediverseand____55____place,”shesaid.41.A.achievements B.potentials C.ambitions D.demands42.A.naturally B.regularly C.permanently D.hardly43.A.read B.choose C.share D.appreciate44.A.thoughtlittleof B.passeddown C.cameupwith D.leftout45.A.goal B.progress C.responsibility D.number46.A.concepts B.models C.rules D.followers47.A.referredto B.turneddown C.cameacross D.tookin48.A.patient B.ordinary C.serious D.amazing49.A.remember B.identify C.offer D.find50.A.wanted B.accepted C.recommended D.acknowledged51.A.help B.idea C.belief D.order52.A.collect B.post C.manage D.correct53.A.suggestion B.will C.name D.request54.A.play B.make C.select D.decide55.A.safer B.fairer C.quieter D.wider【答案】41.A42.D43.C44.C45.D46.B47.C48.D49.D50.A51.B52.A53.C54.A55.B【语篇导读】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了科学家JessWade为一些被忽视的科学人士撰写维基百科页面的故事。【41题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管他们取得了非凡的成就，他们的名字和故事却很少受到关注。A.achievements成就；B.potentials潜能；C.ambitions野心，抱负；D.demands要求。根据前文“femalescientists,engineersandmathematicianshavechangedtheworld”及“havebeenremarkable”可知，科学家、工程师和数学家改变了世界，取得了非凡的成就。故选A项。【42题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管他们取得了非凡的成就，他们的名字和故事却很少受到关注。A.naturally通常；B.regularly有规律地；C.permanently永久地；D.hardly几乎不。根据下文“greatscientificpioneerswhomaybeignored”及前文“But”可知，尽管这些人取得了非凡的成就，但是很少有人关注他们的故事。故选D项。【43题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：物理学家杰斯·韦德想要分享那些可能被忽视的伟大科学先驱的故事，她想出了一个独特的方法：写维基百科页面。A.read读；B.choose选择；C.share分享；D.appreciate感激，欣赏。根据下文“writingWikipediapages”可知，Jess想要写维基百科来分享这些被忽视的科学先驱的故事。故选C项。【44题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：物理学家杰斯·韦德想要分享那些可能被忽视的伟大科学先驱的故事，她想出了一个独特的方法：写维基百科页面。A.thoughtlittleof看不起，轻视；B.passeddown传递；C.cameupwith想出；D.leftout省略。根据“she_____auniquewaytodothat:writingWikipediapages.”可知，Jess想出了一个独特的让大家了解他们的方法。故选C项。【45题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦德告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，虽然女性在科学领域的数量比男性少，但她在这个领域一直有榜样。A.goal目标；B.progress进步；C.responsibility责任；D.number数字。根据“issmallincomparisontothatofmen”并结合常识可知，女性在科学领域的数量少于男性。故选D项。【46题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦德告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，虽然女性在科学领域的数量比男性少，但她在这个领域一直有榜样。A.concepts概念；B.models模范，榜样；C.rules规则；D.followers追随者。根据后文“Wade____aninspiringwomaninscience,KimCobb”可知，KimCobb是Jess的榜样，是她视作模范的一个女科学家。故选B项。【47题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当韦德还是研究生的时候，她遇到了一位鼓舞人心的科学女性，布朗大学的气候科学家金·科布。A.referredto参考，表明；B.turneddown拒绝；C.cameacross遇见；D.tookin吸收。根据下文“whenImether”可知，Jess研究生时遇到了KimCobb。故选C项。【48题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当我见到她的时候，我觉得她是一个了不起的人，我需要更多地了解她。A.patient有耐心的；B.ordinary普通的；C.serious严肃的；D.amazing令人惊叹的。根据“Ineedtolearnmoreabouther”及“WhenIdidalittlesearch”可知，作者遇到KimCobb时，觉得她了不起，所以对她进行了一点调查研究。故选D项。【49题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我做了一些搜索，我找不到任何关于她的信息。A.remember记得；B.identify识别；C.offer提供；D.find找到。根据下文“WhatI_____wasaWikipediapagebutitwasn’tthere.”及“Icouldn’t______anyinformationabouther.”可知，作者找不到KimCobb的信息。故选D项。【50题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要的是一个维基百科页面，但那里没有。A.wanted想要；B.accepted接受；C.recommended推荐；D.acknowledged认可。根据下文“tostartwritingWikipediapagesfordiversepeopleinsciencewhodon’tyethavethem.”可知，作者想要找到关于KimCobb的信息，但是没有找到，所以才想到自己为她写信息。故选A项。【51题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是韦德产生这个想法的原因——开始为尚未拥有维基百科的不同科学人士编写维基百科页面。A.help帮助；B.idea想法；C.belief信念；D.order命令，秩序。根据“tostartwritingWikipediapagesfordiversepeopleinsciencewhodon’tyethavethem.”可知，在维基百科上为不同的科学人士写页面这是Jess的想法。故选B项。【52题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的空闲时间，韦德搜索互联网收集信息，然后她开始写维基百科页面。A.collect收集；B.post发布，邮寄；C.manage管理，设法；D.correct更正。根据“searchestheInternet”可知，搜索信息是为了收集信息。故选A项。【53题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦德现在在科学界有了自己的名声，她知道如果没有那些前辈，她就不会有今天。A.suggestion建议；B.will意志，心愿；C.name名声；D.request要求。根据“sheknowsshewouldn’tbeherewithoutthosewhocamebeforeher.”可知，先锋的启发和激励让Jess自己也成为了获得名声的科学人士。故选C项。【54题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我们都有责任使科学成为一个更加多样化和公平的地方。”A.play扮演；B.make制作，成为；C.select挑选；D.decide决定。根据“havearoleto”可知，playarole为固定短语，意思为：扮演一个角色。故选A项。【55题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我们都有责任使科学成为一个更加多样化和公平的地方。”A.safer更安全的；B.fairer更公平的；C.quieter更安静的；D.wider更宽的。根据“amorediverse”可知，空处形容词与diverse并列，结合上文讲述的有些科学人士做出贡献却没有名字信息可知，作者认为我们有责任让科学成为一个更加多样化和公平的地方。故选B项。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HighintheupperreachesofNorth-westChina____56____(lie)alandfilledwithriches.It’shere,onthebanksoftheYellowRiver____57____intheshadeofthemist-coveredLiupanMountains,thatthepeopleoftheNingxiaregion____58____(grow)oneofAsia’smostsought-afterfoodsforcenturies.Thissmall,oval-shaped(椭圆形的)berryhasbeencalledthe“reddiamond”asitisthoughttohaveanti-ageingpowersandhasachievednewfoundglobalstatus____59____asuperfood,buttothepeopleofChina,it’s____60____(simple)calledthegojiberry.TheChineseviewthegojiberryasbothafruitandaherb.TheberrypackedwithvitaminC,antioxidants(抗氧化剂),andtracemineralsisprescribedbyTCMdoctors____61____(boost)liverandkidneyfunction.Buttimesarechangingforthissimpleberry.ItisnowbeingviewedasasuperfoodbothinChinaandbeyond.Asia’syounger____62____(generation)areembracingthegojiberry,butgivingit____63____(they)owntwist.Forexample,membersofGenZarenowbuying“wellnesskettles”fortheirgojiberrytea.Beyondthis,health-consciouspeople____64____(want)toembracethesuperfoodcansimplythrowsomegojiberriesintotheirsouportea,andenjoythetasteofthesweetsuperfood_____65_____keepsthemlookingandfeelingyoung.【答案】56.lies57.and58.havebeengrowing59.as60.simply61.toboost62.generations63.their64.wanting65.that##which【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了亚洲最受欢迎的食物——枸杞。【56题详析】考查时态。句意：在中国西北的上游部分，有一片富饶的土地。陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语为alandfilledwithriches，谓语动词为单数。故填lies。【57题详析】考查连词。句意：在这里，在黄河之畔，在雾气笼罩的六盘山的阴影下，宁夏地区的人们几个世纪以来一直在种植一种亚洲最受欢迎的食物。前后为并列关系，连词为and。故填and。【58题详析】考查时态。句意：在这里，在黄河之畔，在雾气笼罩的六盘山的阴影下，宁夏地区的人们几个世纪以来一直在种植一种亚洲最受欢迎的食物。根据句意和“forcenturies”可知，本句为现在完成进行时，表示动作还可能继续下去。主语复数，谓语复数。故填havebeengrowing。【59题详析】考查介词。句意：这种椭圆形的小浆果被称为“红钻”，因为人们认为它具有抗衰老的能力，并且作为一种超级食物在全球获得了新的地位，但对中国人来说，它只是被称为枸杞。表示“作为”，介词为as。故填as。【60题详析】考查副词。句意：这种椭圆形的小浆果被称为“红钻”，因为人们认为它具有抗衰老的能力，并且作为一种超级食物在全球获得了新的地位，但对中国人来说，它只是被称为枸杞。副词simply修饰动词作状语。故填simply。【61题详析】考查不定式。句意：中国人认为枸杞既是一种水果又是一种药草。这种浆果富含维生素C、抗氧化剂和微量矿物质，是中医医生用来增强肝肾功能的处方。动词不定式作目的状语。故填toboost。【62题详析】考查名词。句意：亚洲的年轻一代正在接受枸杞莓，但给它赋予了自己的风格。根据“are”可知，用复数形式generations作主语。故填generations。【63题详析】考查代词。句意：亚洲的年轻一代正在接受枸杞莓，但给它赋予了自己的风格。形容词性物主代词作定语