青海省西宁市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1青海省西宁市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AEastYorkshireAttractionsBurnbyHallGardens&MuseumTheBalk,PocklingtonYO422QFTel:01759307125Thegardensarebeautifullylaidoutwithtwolakes,whicharehometoavastcollectionoffish.WealsohaveStewartMuseum,achildren’splayground,abook&giftshop,andtearooms.Sundaybandconcertsandeventsareavailablethroughouttheyear.Open:10:00amto5:30pmPrices:Adults£4.65,Seniors£3.95,Children£2.50GooleMuseumCarlisleStreet,GooleDN145DSTel:01405768963ThemuseumexploresthecolourfulhistoryofthetownandportofGoole,withplentyofhands-onexhibitsforyoungervisitors.Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft(工艺)andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.Open:10:00amto5:00pmAdmissionFreeSledmereHouseSledmere,DriffieldYO253XGTel:01377236637SledmereHouseisoneofYorkshire’smostattractivehouses.Wehaveanaward-winninggarden,amilitarymuseum,achildren’splayarea,andacafé&giftshop.OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.Open:11:30amto3:30pmPrices:Adults£8.00,Seniors£6.00,Children£3.00BridlingtonBird&AnimalParkBridlington,EastYorkshireYO153QFTel:01262673653Thefamily-runparkissetinawonderfulwoodlandenvironment.Itoffersdailyshowsofpigracing.Wealsohavearangeofbirdsandotheranimalstoofferafun-filleddayoutforfamilies.Open:10:00amto5:00pmPrices:Adults£4.50,Seniors£4.00,Children£3.501.Whichattractionhoststemporaryexhibitions?A.GooleMuseum. B.BurnbyHallGardens&Museum.C.SledmereHouse. D.BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark.2.WhatcantouristsdoatSledmereHouse?A.Feedawiderangeofanimals. B.WatchabandconcertonSunday.C.Explorethehistoryofthetown. D.EnjoyorganmusiconThursday.3.WhatistheticketpriceforchildrenatBridlingtonBird&AnimalPark?A.£2.50. B.£3.00. C.£3.50. D.£4.00.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国东约克郡的四个景点，主要包括其地理位置、联系方式、景点活动、开放时间及票价等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“GooleMuseum”部分中“Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft(工艺)andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.(临时展览馆有各种各样的艺术工艺和当地历史展览，每个月都有变化)”可知，古尔博物馆（GooleMuseum）举办临时展览。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“SledmereHouse”部分中“OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.(管风琴音乐在星期四下午演奏)”可知，在SledmereHouse游客们可以在周四欣赏管风琴音乐。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark部分Prices中的“Children£3.50(儿童3.50英镑)”可知，布里德灵顿鸟类和动物公园的儿童票价是3.5英镑。故选C项。BJimJohnson,amailcarrier,wasaninstitutionintheleafyWestmoreland,WesthavenandWestoverHillsneighborhoods,justnorthofdowntownWilmington,wherehedeliveredmuchmorethanthemail.Heknewallthekidsandtheirpetsbyname;hecarriedinthegroceries;hetooknoteofunlockeddoors,offeredgardeningadvice,andtaughtmorethanafewyoungboystheartofthecurveball.Whenhewasn’tdoingallthat,Jimwasrunningacrossacheckerboardofgreenlawns(草坪)toensurethelocalpostalservicedidnotfallshortofitsdailypromise.Thoughthepostalserviceisoftendisparagednow,thetrustinlocalpostalserviceliveson.Inmanycommunities,thattrustiswoneverydaywhenlife-savingmedicine,greetingcards,socialsecuritychecks,collegeacceptanceletters-eventhebills-appearinmailboxesinfrontofthehouses.Aftermorethanthreedecades,Jimapproachedhisfinaldaysonthejobmuchlikeanyother.HedroveaboxypostaltrucktoNorthDuPontRoadforthefirstunofficialstopoftheday.Butch,adogwhobelongedtooneoftheneighbors,waswaitingjustlikeeverydaybefore.Andjustlikeeverydaybefore,hegotintothejumpseatandtheywereoff.Ontheroute,JimandButchhadbecomeinseparable.Now,thedogandthemailmanwouldrideofftoretirementtogether.Ateverystop,Jimacceptedthepartinggoodwishesoffamiliesthathadbecomehisown.Thereweretearsandlaughter,andhugsfilledwithwarmmemories.It’sbeen33yearssinceJimlefttheroute,butwearestillremindedofthedeepbondestablishedbetweencommunityandlettercarrier.That’swhatthepostalservicemeanstous.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJimJohnsonfromthefirstparagraph?A.He’sopen-minded. B.He’ssharp-eyed. C.He’swarm-hearted. D.He’sstrong-willed.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword‌“disparaged”inParagraph2mean?A.Refused. B.Criticized. C.Investigated. D.Suspended.6.WhatdidJimdobesidesdailydeliveryonhisfinaldaysofwork?A.HedroveButchtoitsowner. B.Hesentpresentstohisfriends.C.Hepreparedaretirementparty. D.Hesaidgoodbyetotheneighbors.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberarespectedmailcarrier. B.Torecordanunforgettableexperience.C.Toraisefundsforthepostalservice. D.Tocallforharmonyinthecommunity.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员吉姆·约翰逊在三十多年的邮递生涯中，不仅投递邮件，还与社区居民建立了深厚的情感联系，展现了邮递员与社区之间的深厚情谊。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Heknewallthekidsandtheirpetsbyname;hecarriedinthegroceries;hetooknoteofunlockeddoors,offeredgardeningadvice,andtaughtmorethanafewyoungboystheartofthecurveball.(他知道所有孩子和他们的宠物的名字；他帮忙搬运杂货；他会注意没有锁的门，提供园艺建议，还教了不少小男孩曲线球的技巧)”可知，吉姆·约翰逊不仅投递邮件，还关心社区居民的生活，提供各种帮助，由此可推知，他是一个热心肠的人。故选C项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Thoughthepostalserviceisoftendisparagednow,thetrustinlocalpostalserviceliveson.(尽管现在邮政服务经常受到disparaged，但人们对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在)”可知，句中前后文之间是转折关系，“isoftendisparagednow”与“thetrust...liveson”形成对比。结合选项可推知，disparaged意为“批评”，与“信任依然存在”形成对比。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ateverystop,Jimacceptedthepartinggoodwishesoffamiliesthathadbecomehisown.Thereweretearsandlaughter,andhugsfilledwithwarmmemories.(在每一站，吉姆都接受了那些已经成为他家人的家庭的离别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，还有充满温暖回忆的拥抱)”可知，吉姆在工作最后几天除了日常投递邮件外，还与邻居们告别。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“JimJohnson,amailcarrier,wasaninstitutionintheleafyWestmoreland,WesthavenandWestoverHillsneighborhoods,justnorthofdowntownWilmington,wherehedeliveredmuchmorethanthemail.(邮递员吉姆·约翰逊堪称威尔明顿市中心以北韦斯特莫兰、西黑文及韦斯托弗山绿树成荫街区的标志性人物——他递送的远不止是邮件)”、最后一段“It’sbeen33yearssinceJimlefttheroute,butwearestillremindedofthedeepbondestablishedbetweencommunityandlettercarrier.That’swhatthepostalservicemeanstous.(吉姆离开这条路线已经33年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚联系。这就是邮政服务对我们的意义)”以及全文对吉姆·约翰逊邮递生涯的描述可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了纪念这位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A项。CJaneJacobsspentherworkinglifeadvancingadistinctvisionofthecity—inparticularfocusingonwhatmakesasuccessfulurbancommunity.Attheheartofhervisionistheideathaturbanlifeshouldbeanenergeticandrichaffair,wherebypeopleareabletointeractwithoneanotherindense(稠密)andexcitingurbanenvironments.Sheprefersdisordertoorder,walkingtodriving,anddiversitytouniformity.ForJacobs,urbancommunitiesareorganicbeingsthatshouldbelefttogrowandchangebythemselvesandnotbesubjecttothegrandplansofso-calledexpertsandofficials.Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe—andhowitshoulddevelop—arethelocalresidentsthemselves.Jacobsarguesthaturbancommunitiesarebestplacedtounderstandhowtheircityfunctions,becausecitylifeiscreatedandsustainedthroughtheirvariousinteractions.Jacobsnotesthatthebuiltformofacityiscrucialtothelifeofanurbancommunity,especiallythesidewalks.Thestreetsinwhichpeopleliveshouldbeatightpatternofcrossedsidewalks,whichallowpeopletomeet,talk,andgettoknowoneanother.Suchacomplexbutultimatelyenrichingsetofencountershelpsindividualsknowtheirneighboursandneighbourhoodbetter.Diversityandmixed-useofspacearealso,forJacobs,keyelementsofthisurbanform.Thecommercial,business,andresidentialelementsofacityshouldnotbeseparatedoutbutinsteadbesidebyside,toallowforgreaterintegrationofpeople.Thereshouldalsobeadiversityofoldandnewbuildings,andpeople'sinteractionsshoulddeterminehowbuildingsgetusedandreused.Finally,urbancommunitiesgrowbetterinplaceswhereacriticalmassofpeoplelive,work,andinteract.Suchhigh-densityspacesare,shefeels,enginesofcreativityandvitality.Theyarealsosafeplacestobe,becausethehigherdensitymeansthattherearemore“eyesonthestreet”:shopkeepersandlocalswhoknowtheirareaandmaintainaclosewatchovertheneighbourhood.8.WhatdoesJacobsfindmostimportantforasuccessfulurbancommunity?A.Efficientpublictransport. B.Stronginteractionbetweenpeople.C.Uniformstyleofbuildings. D.Acomparativelylargepopulation.9.WhodoesJacobsthinkshouldmakedecisionsonurbandevelopment?A.Localresidents. B.Governmentofficials.C.Cityplanners. D.Constructionworkers.10.HowdoesJacobssuggestsidewalksbebuilt?A.Linedwithplants. B.Paintedwithclearsigns.C.Tightlyconnected. D.Convenientfortheold.11.AccordingtoJacobs,the“eyesonthestreet”bringasenseof_______.A.pride B.comfort C.security D.urgency【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了Jacobs一生致力于推进一种独特的城市愿景，尤其关注是什么造就了一个成功的城市社区。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Attheheartofhervisionistheideathaturbanlifeshouldbeanenergeticandrichaffair,wherebypeopleareabletointeractwithoneanotherindense(稠密)andexcitingurbanenvironments.(她构想的核心在于，城市生活应当充满活力且丰富多彩，人们能够在密集且令人兴奋的城市环境中相互交流。)”可知，Jacobs认为对于一个成功的城市社区来说，人与人之间的强烈互动是最重要的。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ForJacobs(对于Jacobs来说)”以及“Thebestjudgesofhowacityshouldbe—andhowitshoulddevelop—arethelocalresidentsthemselves.(一个城市应该如何发展，最好的评判者是当地居民自己。)”可知，Jacobs认为对城市发展做出决定的应该是当地居民。故选A项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thestreetsinwhichpeopleliveshouldbeatightpatternofcrossedsidewalks,whichallowpeopletomeet,talk,andgettoknowoneanother.Suchacomplexbutultimatelyenrichingsetofencountershelpsindividualsknowtheirneighboursandneighbourhoodbetter.(人们居住的街道应当是纵横交错的人行道构成的紧密格局，这样人们才能相遇、交谈并相互了解。这样一系列复杂但最终丰富了个人经历的相遇，有助于人们更好地了解自己的邻居和社区。)”可知，Jacobs建议如何修建连接紧密的人行道。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theyarealsosafeplacestobe,becausethehigherdensitymeansthattherearemore“eyesonthestreet”:shopkeepersandlocalswhoknowtheirareaandmaintainaclosewatchovertheneighbourhood.(它们也是安全的地方，因为人口密度高意味着有更多“街头的眼睛”：店主和当地人熟悉自己的区域，并密切留意着社区的情况。)”可知，Jacobs认为，“街头的眼睛”给人带来一种安全的感觉。故选C项。DWanttolearnanewlanguageorgetA’sincollegeexams?Previousstudieshaveshownthatexercisecanhelpstimulatetheareasofthebrainthatconvert(转换)newinformationintolong-termmemory.Anewstudyhastakenthisinformationonestepfurtherandfoundthebesttimewhenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.Buildinguponpastresearchthatfoundexercisereleasesbiochemicalsthatimprovementalfunction,scientistsatRadboudUniversityandtheUniversityofEdinburghconductedastudytodeterminewhenexercisewasmostbeneficialtolearning.Participants—72healthymaleandfemaleadults—werefirstaskedtoperformacomputertestthatchallengedtheirvisualandspatiallearning.Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries,buttwo-thirdsofthemalsoexercised.Halfoftheexercisersdidcircuittrainingonanexercisebikefor35minutesimmediatelyafterthetest.Theotherhalfdidthesameexercisebutnotuntilfourhoursaftertheyhadbeentested.Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest,andtheywereconnectedtoMRI(磁共振成像)machinestoassesstheirbrainactivity.Theparticipantswhoexercisedfourhoursaftertakingthecomputertestwereabletorecallwhattheyhadlearnedmostaccurately.Theirbrainwavesalsoshowedmoreconsistentlevelsofactivity,indicatingthattheirbrainswerelesstaxedtorememberwhattheyhadlearned.Accordingtothisresearch,thebesttimetoexercisetoimprovelearningisfourhoursafterstudying.Butwhy?That’sonequestiontheresearchershaveyettoanswer.Anotherquestionleftunansweredisthelevelofexercisethatmightbestimprovelearning.I’verunenoughmarathonstoprovethefactthatmybrainisanythingbutsharpduringorafteratoughworkout.Buttheresearchersnotedthatlightworkoutsmightnotgivethebrainenoughofabiochemicalboosttoimprovelearning.12.Whatdidthenewstudyaimtoexplore?A.Whenexerciseisbestforlearning. B.Whatbiochemicalsaregoodforhealth.C.Howbrainwavesshouldbemeasured. D.Whichareaofthebrainisthemostactive.13.Whatwerealltheparticipantsaskedtododuringtheexperiment?A.Trainonbicycles. B.Domathematicsexercises.C.Playcomputergames. D.Watchfilmsaboutnature.14.Whydidtheparticipantsreturntothelabtwodayslater?A.Todoamedicalexamination. B.Tohavetheirmemorytested.C.Togettheirworkoutsrecorded. D.Tofinishtheirprevioustasks.15.Whatmighttheauthor’smarathonrunningprove?A.Thefindingsofthestudyarereliable. B.Long-distancerunnersareoftensmart.C.Studiesonthemarathonarenotenough. D.Hardexercisemaynotsharpenthebrain.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究——锻炼可以帮助刺激大脑将新信息转化为长期记忆的区域，以及进行锻炼以最大程度提高学习的最佳时间。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Anewstudyhastakenthisinformationonestepfurtherandfoundthebesttimewhenexercisecanhelpmaximizelearning.(一项新的研究更进一步，找到了锻炼有助于最大化学习效果的最佳时间)”可知，新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Afterthetest,allofthesubjectswatchednaturedocumentaries(测试后，所有受试者都观看了自然纪录片)”可知，实验要求所有受试者在实验过程中观看自然纪录片。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Twodayslater,alloftheparticipantsreturnedtothelabforarecalltest(两天后，所有参与者返回实验室进行回忆测试)”可知，参与者两天后返回实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I’verunenoughmarathonstoprovethefactthatmybrainisanythingbutsharpduringorafteratoughworkout.(我已经跑了足够多的马拉松来证明这样一个事实：在艰苦的锻炼过程中或之后，我的大脑一点也不敏锐)”可知，作者通过自己跑马拉松的经历证明，剧烈的锻炼可能不会使大脑变得敏锐。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gift-givinghasbeenatimelesstraditionofhumanculture.Acrosscenturies,theactofpresentinggiftscarriesgreatsignificance,notonlyinitsmaterialexchangebutintheconnectionsitestablishes.____16____Centraltothisjoyisthesenseofconnectionitforms.Selectingagiftinvolvesathoughtfulinvestmentoftimeandconsiderationintounderstandingthereceiver’sneeds.____17____Thus,givingbecomesatangible(可感知的)expressionofcareandaffection,whichgoesbeyondthemerematerialvalueofthegift.Moreover,gift-givingdevelopsempathy(同理心).____18____Thisselflessactofputtingsomeoneelse’shappinessbeforeourownallowsustoexperienceasenseoffulfillmentthatarisesfrommakingapositiveimpactonsomeone’slife.____19____Theactofreceivingagiftmaybringimmediatehappiness,butovertime,thatjoymayfade.Incontrast,theactofgivinggiftsleavesalastingimpressiononboththegiverandthereceiver.Theemotionalconnectionformedduringtheprocessandthesharedexperienceofexchanginggiftsbecomepreciousmemoriesthatcanberevisitedintheyearstocome.Whilereceivinggiftsundoubtedlybringshappiness,theactofgivinggiftsoffersauniquesenseofjoythatsurpasses(超过)thetemporaryexcitementofunwrappingpresents.Thepowerofconnection,empathy,andthecreationoflastingmemoriesaresomeofthereasonswhygivinggiftsmakesushappierthanreceivingthem.____20____A.Gift-givinghasthepowertocreatelastingmemories.B.Thus,forourownsake,let’spracticetheartofgift-giving.C.Itenablesustotrulyunderstandtheemotionsofourfamily.D.Itredirectsourfocusfromself-centerednesstothehappinessofothers.E.Whileitisdelightfultoreceivegifts,givingitselfoftenbringsaboutgreaterjoy.F.So,let’swelcomethejoyofgiving,celebratingitspowertoenrichrelationships.G.Thisprocessimprovesemotionalconnections,deepeningeachother’sappreciation.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.A20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是赠送礼物这一行为的重要意义。【16题详析】根据空前的“Acrosscenturies,theactofpresentinggiftscarriesgreatsignificance,notonlyinitsmaterialexchangebutintheconnectionsitestablishes.(几个世纪以来，赠送礼物的行为具有重要意义，不仅在于它的物质交换，还在于它建立的联系)”可知，此处是对赠送礼物的意义简要概述，结合第二段的首句“Centraltothisjoyisthesenseofconnectionitforms.(这种快乐的核心是它所形成的联系感)”可知，此空既是对赠送礼物的意义的简述，也应引出下文，E选项“Whileitisdelightfultoreceivegifts,givingitselfoftenbringsaboutgreaterjoy.(虽然收到礼物是令人愉快的，但给予本身往往带来更大的快乐)”可知，此处讲述的是赠送礼物会给人带来快乐，进而引出下文中介绍快乐的核心，joy为解题的关键信息，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详析】根据空前的“Selectingagiftinvolvesathoughtfulinvestmentoftimeandconsiderationintounderstandingthereceiver’sneeds.(选择礼物需要花时间和考虑了解收礼人的需要)”可知，此处指的是选择礼物的过程，G选项“Thisprocessimprovesemotionalconnections,deepeningeachother’sappreciation.(这个过程改善了情感联系，加深了彼此的欣赏)”中的thisprocess指的是空前的“选择礼物的过程”，承接上文。故选G项。【18题详析】根据空前的“Moreover,gift-givingdevelopsempathy(同理心).(此外，赠送礼物还能培养同理心)”可知，此处讲述的是赠送礼物会带来的好处——培养同理心，结合空后的“Thisselflessactofputtingsomeoneelse’shappinessbeforeourownallowsustoexperienceasenseoffulfillmentthatarisesfrommakingapositiveimpactonsomeone’slife.(这种把别人的幸福放在自己的幸福之前的无私行为让我们体验到一种满足感，这种满足感来自于对别人的生活产生积极的影响)”可知，培养同理心带来的好处，由此可推断，此空讲述的内容应与“同理心”相关，D选项“Itenablesustotrulyunderstandtheemotionsofourfamily.(它将我们的注意力从自我中心转移到他人的幸福上)”讲述的内容是对“同理心”的进一步阐述，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详析】分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据下文的“Theactofreceivingagiftmaybringimmediatehappiness,butovertime,thatjoymayfade.Incontrast,theactofgivinggiftsleavesalastingimpressiononboththegiverandthereceiver.(收到礼物的行为可能会立即带来快乐，但随着时间的推移，这种快乐可能会消失。相反，送礼的行为会给送礼者和受礼者留下持久的印象)”可知，此处讲述的是相比收到礼物带来的快乐，送礼物的行为会给双方带来更持久的印象，由此可知，本段讲述的内容与赠送礼物这一行为带来的快乐的持久性相关，A选项“Gift-givinghasthepowertocreatelastingmemories.(送礼物有创造持久记忆的力量)”讲述的内容与本段讲述的内容吻合，可以概括本段的主题。故选A项。【20题详析】此空位于文章最后，应是进行总结，结合空前的“Thepowerofconnection,empathy,andthecreationoflastingmemoriesaresomeofthereasonswhygivinggiftsmakesushappierthanreceivingthem.(联系、同理心和创造持久记忆的力量是送礼物比收礼物让我们更快乐的一些原因)”可知，送礼物在创建联系，培养同理心以及创造持久记忆方面，送礼物都比收礼物更让人快乐，所以，文章最后应是提出送礼物的建议，F选项“So,let’swelcomethejoyofgiving,celebratingitspowertoenrichrelationships.(所以，让我们欢迎给予的喜悦，庆祝它丰富人际关系的力量)”中的“let’swelcomethejoyofgiving”提议人们欢迎给予的快乐，也就是建议人们赠送礼物，这样会带来更多的快乐，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。SincethebeginningofmyPhD.,mylifehadbeenpackedwithactivities.Besidesworkingfulltimeonmyownresearch,I____21____mycolleagues’experimentsbyhelpingwithtaskslikedataanalysis.IattendedeverycoursethatIcould,believingmyabilityto____22____atightschedulewasameasureofmy____23____.However,behindmybusynesslayanundeniabletruth—Iwasburnedout.Myattentionwas____24____—Icouldn’tputmybestworkintoallthe____25____.Thenafteramajorerrorinmyresearchpaper,acolleaguecameand____26____,“Youneedtoraiseyourworkingapproach,butmoreimportantly,youneedto____27____.”Itookhisadvice.Ipurchasedaseparateworkphone,whichIwouldleave____28____intheevenings.Ialsostartedtosetclear____29____aroundmyworkhoursandbecamemore_____30_____abouttheprojectsItookon.Initially,IfeltIwasdoingsomethingthatmight_____31_____mycareer.ButmyprioritiesbecameclearerasItookmoretimeto_____32_____andreflectonmywork._____33_____,IrealizedIreallylikedwritingthethesisesandputmoretimeandeffortintothem.Ultimately,this_____34_____madememoreproductive.Creatingspaceforyourselfisn’tasignof_____35_____;it’sawaytofocusonwhattrulymatterstoyou.21.A.aided B.graded C.funded D.scheduled22.A.assign B.manage C.delay D.decline23.A.patience B.ambition C.knowledge D.competence24.A.divided B.focused C.drawn D.directed25.A.achievements B.categories C.tasks D.rewards26.A.ordered B.blamed C.suggested D.investigated27.A.slowdown B.hangon C.cheerup D.fightback28.A.uncharged B.untouched C.unpaid D.unlocked29.A.guidelines B.boundaries C.goals D.deadlines30.A.anxious B.curious C.confident D.selective31.A.launch B.improve C.affect D.lengthen32.A.conduct B.breathe C.experiment D.battle33.A.Forinstance B.Inaddition C.Bycontrast D.Asalways34.A.belief B.training C.purchase D.change35.A.showingoff B.breakingdown C.fallingbehind D.fadingaway【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.C26.C27.A28.B29.B30.D31.C32.B33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者读博期间因过度忙碌导致过度劳累，在同事建议下调整工作方式、学会留白，最终提升效率并领悟生活真谛的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了全职投入自己的研究，我还通过数据分析等工作协助同事做实验。A.aided协助；B.graded评分；C.funded资助；D.scheduled安排。根据下文“byhelpingwithtaskslikedataanalysis”可知，作者的行为是“协助”同事，“aided”与“helping”语义一致，符合“团队协作”的语境。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我参加了所有能参加的课程，认为自己应对紧凑日程的能力是衡量我能力的标准。A.assign分配；B.manage应对，管理；C.delay推迟；D.decline拒绝。根据下文“atightschedule”可知，作者需要“应对”大量事务，“manage”体现“处理、安排”的能力，符合“忙碌状态下统筹事务”的语境。故选B项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我参加了所有能参加的课程，认为自己应对紧凑日程的能力是衡量我能力的标准。A.patience耐心；B.ambition野心；C.knowledge知识；D.competence能力。根据上文“myability”可知，作者认为自己应对紧凑日程的能力是衡量能力的标准。故选D项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的注意力被分散了——我无法把最好的状态投入到所有任务中。A.divided分散；B.focused集中；C.drawn吸引；D.directed指导。根据上文“Iwasburnedout.”可知，作者过度劳累，且同时处理自身研究、协助同事、参加课程等多项事务，注意力必然被“分散”，“divided”符合“多任务导致精力不集中”的逻辑，与后文“couldn’tputmybestworkinto...”（无法全力投入）形成因果关系。故选A项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的注意力被分散了——我无法把最好的状态投入到所有任务中。A.achievements成就；B.categories类别；C.tasks任务；D.rewards奖励。作者需要处理的“自身研究、协助同事、上课”均属于“任务”，“tasks”是对这些具体事务的概括，符合“投入精力到事务中”的语境。故选C项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我的研究论文出现重大错误，一位同事过来建议道：“你需要改进工作方法，但更重要的是，你需要慢下来。”A.ordered命令；B.blamed责备；C.suggested建议；D.investigated调查。根据下文“Youneedtoraiseyourworkingapproach,butmoreimportantly,youneedto...”可知，同事的话是针对作者的问题提出的解决方案，语气平和且具有指导性，属于“建议”。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来我的研究论文出现重大错误，一位同事过来建议道：“你需要改进工作方法，但更重要的是，你需要慢下来。”A.slowdown慢下来；B.hangon坚持；C.cheerup振作；D.fightback反击。作者因过度忙碌导致失误，同事的核心建议应是“减少忙碌、调整节奏”，“slowdown”直接针对“紧凑日程、精力分散”的问题，与后文“leave...intheevenings”（晚上不碰工作手机）、“setclear...aroundworkhours”（明确工作时间界限）的调整措施呼应。故选A项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我买了一部专门的工作手机，晚上就放在一边不碰。A.uncharged未充电的；B.untouched未触碰的；C.unpaid未付款的；D.unlocked未上锁的。根据上文“youneedto”可知，为了慢下来，作者需要在晚上脱离工作，“untouched”体现“完全不处理工作”的状态，符合“划清工作与生活界限”的目的。故选B项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还开始为自己的工作时间设定明确的界限，并对所承担的项目更加挑剔。A.guidelines指导方针；B.boundaries界限；C.goals目标；D.deadlines截止日期。根据下文“aroundmyworkhours”可知，作者是在明确“工作与休息的界限”，“boundaries”强调“划分范围”，符合“不加班、晚上不碰工作手机”的行为逻辑。故选B项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还开始为自己的工作时间设定明确的界限，并对所承担的项目更加挑剔。A.anxious焦虑的；B.curious好奇的；C.confident自信的；D.selective挑剔的，有选择的。根据上文“Ialsostartedtosetcleararoundmyworkhours”可知，为了避免“精力分散”，作者需要减少不必要的任务，“selective”体现“只承担重要项目”的态度，与“slowdown”、“focusonwhattrulymatters”的核心思路一致。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我觉得自己在做可能影响职业生涯的事。A.launch发起；B.improve改善；C.affect影响；D.lengthen延长。根据上文“Initially”以及“mycareer”可知，作者习惯了“忙碌即能力”的认知，突然减少任务、放慢节奏，会担心这种改变对职业产生负面“影响”。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我花更多时间放松、反思工作时，我的优先事项变得更清晰了。A.conduct实施；B.breathe呼吸（引申为“放松”）；C.experiment实验；D.battle斗争。根据上文“slowdown”以及下文“reflectonmywork”可知，作者更多时间放松。故选B项。【33题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，我意识到自己真的很喜欢写论文，于是在这上面投入了更多时间和精力。A.Forinstance例如；B.Inaddition此外；C.Bycontrast相比之下；D.Asalways一如既往。根据下文“IrealizedIreallylikedwritingthethesisandputmoretimeandeffortintothem.”可知，“喜欢写论文、投入更多精力”是对“明确优先事项”的具体举例说明，“Forinstance”符合语境。故选A项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，这种改变让我效率更高了。A.belief信念；B.training训练；C.purchase购买；D.change改变。前文详细描述了作者的调整：买工作手机、设定时间界限、筛选项目、花时间反思等，这些均属于“改变”，“change”是对前文所有调整措施的概括，与后文“moreproductive”（效率更高）形成因果关系。故选D项。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：给自己留白不是落后的信号，而是专注于真正对你重要事物的方式。A.showingoff炫耀；B.breakingdown崩溃；C.fallingbehind落后；D.fadingaway逐渐消失。作者起初担心“调整工作方式影响职业”，本质是怕“落后于他人”，此处通过否定“fallingbehind”（落后），纠正了“忙碌=优秀”的错误认知，与前文“起初的担忧”呼应。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FrugalityIsBackInFashion“Ifyoubuythingsyoudonotneed,soonyouwillhavetosellthingsyouneed.”ThisisapieceofadvicefromWarrenBuffet,agreatfinancialmindofthe21stcentury.Manyyoungpeopletodayappeartobetakingthesewordsverymuchtoheart,____36____(especial)inthepresenteconomicclimate.Whiletheideaofbeingfrugal(节俭的)haslongbeenapartofEasternculture,therelativelyrecentgrowthofwealthinChinaaswellasthecaseofpurchasing____37____(lead)toincreasedconsumerismformanyacrossthecountry.Notonlyarebusinessestodayoffering____38____morediverserangeofproducts,butInternetalgorithmsarealsomatchingourshoppingpatternstobigdatasets—bothofwhicharemeant____39____(persuade)peopleintobuyingmorestuffthantheyneed.Yetthisincreasedconsumptionofgoodshasbeenpushingupthepricesofcertainbareessentialssuchashousing,transportationandfood,____40____(force)peopletoreevaluatetheirprioritieswhilespendingmoney.Itisnowonderthatbeingthriftyisonceagainbecomingadominanttrend____41____youngpeople.Despitetheannoyances____42____(cause)byalgorithms,theInternetisfloodedwithadviceonwhereonecansavemoneyaswellasgoodopinionsabouthowtheyshouldspendtheirmoney.____43____makessensetoprioritizegoodsandserviceswhichdirectlyaffectyourhealthandwell-being,whilelimitingthose____44____arefancy,butnotentirelynecessary.Hopefully,weallfullyunderstandatthispointthattheresourcesonthisplanetareindeedlimited.Thechoicetobefrugalisnotonlygoodforone’swallet,butalso____45____(benefit)totheplanetinthelongrun.【答案】36.especially37.hasled38.a39.topersuade40.forcing41.among##for42.caused43.It44.that##which45.beneficial【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在当前的经济形势下，节俭的生活方式重新流行起来。【36题详析】考查副词。句意：如今许多年轻人似乎把这句话牢记在心，尤其是在目前的经济气候下。分析句子可知，空处应用副词修饰介词短语inthepresenteconomicclimate。故填especially。【37题详析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然节俭的观念长期以来一直是东方文化的一部分，但中国相对较新的财富增长以及购买行为导致了全国许多人的消费主义加剧。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，根据句意，应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，aswellas连接并列主语时，谓语动词单复数与前者保持一致，故空处应用现在完成时，助动词用has。故填hasled。【38题详析】考查冠词。句意：如今，不仅企业提供了更多样化的产品，而且互联网算法也将我们的购物模式与大数据集相匹配——这两种方式都是为了诱使人们购买比他们需要的更多的东西。固定短语，arangeof“一系列”。故填a。【39题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，不仅企业提供了更多样化的产品，而且互联网算法也将我们的购物模式与大数据集相匹配——这两种方式都是为了诱使人们购买比他们需要的更多的东西。固定短语，bemeanttodo“旨在……”。故填topersuade。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，商品消费的增加推高了住房、交通和食品等某些基本必需品的价格，迫使人们在花钱时重新评估自己的优先事项。分析句子可知，空处应用现在分词做结果状语，表示主句中的动作所产生的自然而然的结果或影响。故填forcing。【41题详析】考查介词。句意：毫无疑问，节俭再次成为年轻人中的主流趋势。结合句意可知，空处表示“在……之间(三者或三者以上)”或“对……来说”均可，故应用介词among或for。故填among/for。【42题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管算法让人烦恼，但互联网上到处都是关于如何省钱的建议，以及如何花钱的好主意。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作后置定语，与被修饰词annoyances之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式。