2026年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案

2026年大学英语四级词汇和语法全真模拟试题及答案PartIVocabularyandStructure(30minutes)SectionAMultiple-choiceCloze(单选完形填空)Directions:Inthepassagebelowthereare20blanks.Foreachblank,fourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.ChoosetheONEthatbestfitsthecontextandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageTheideathatlanguageshapesthoughthasbeenaroundforcenturies,butitwasnotuntiltheearlytwentiethcenturythatitwasputtoempiricaltest.BenjaminLeeWhorf,afire-preventionengineerbyprofession,becamefascinatedbythe(1)______betweenthegrammaroftheHopilanguageandthatofEnglish.HearguedthatHopispeakers,becausetheirlanguagelacksatensesystemthat(2)______timeintopast,presentandfuture,mustexperiencedurationinafundamentallydifferentway.CriticswerequicktopointoutthatWhorfhadneverproduced(3)______datatoshowthatHopiadultscouldnotperformsimpletemporalreasoningtasks.Yetthehypothesisrefusedtodie,partlybecauseitofferedaseductive(4)______tothepuzzleofculturaldiversity:iflanguagesencodedifferentcategories,thenmindsthatgrowupinsidethoselanguageswill(5)______thosecategoriesasnatural.ModernpsychologistshavereplacedWhorf’sarmchairanalysiswithlaboratoryprotocols.Inoneclassicstudy,researchersaskedRussianandEnglishspeakersto(6)______thesimilarityoftwocolorchips.Russian,butnotEnglish,makesanobligatory(7)______between“siniy”(darkblue)and“goluboy”(lightblue).Subjectswereseatedinfrontofacomputerscreen;theireyemovementsweretrackedwhilethey(8)______theirdecisions.Remarkably,Russianstooksignificantlylongerwhenthetwochipsstraddledthelexical(9)______,eventhoughtheobjectivedistanceonthecolorspectrumwasidentical.Thefindingsuggeststhatlinguisticcategoriescan(10)______perceptualjudgmentsinrealtime.Still,skepticsinsistthatsucheffectsare(11)______—fragileandeasilyoverriddenbyotherfactorssuchasmonetaryincentives.Totestresilience,ateamatMITdesignedavideogameinwhichplayersearnedpointsby(12)______objectsthatappearedbrieflyonthescreen.Halftheparticipantswerefirsttrainedtousenewlabelsthat(13)______previouslyunnamedshadesofgreen;theotherhalfplayedwiththesamecolorsbutwithoutlabels.Duringthehigh-speedrounds,onlythetrainedgroupshowedimproveddetectionrates,indicatingthatlexical(14)______cansharpenattentionevenwhencognitiveresourcesare(15)______.Thedebateisfarfromsettled,yetonethingisclear:therelationbetweenlanguageandthoughtisnotaone-waystreet.Justaslanguagecan(16)______cognition,socanemergingcognitiveneeds(17)______linguisticinnovation.Considertherecentproliferationofgender-neutralpronounsinEnglish.Thechangedidnotarisebecausegrammarians(18)______agap;itwasdrivenbyspeakerswhofoundtraditionalpronounsinadequatetoexpresssocialrealities.Thus,thelinguisticsystemremains(19)______—adynamicequilibriumbetweenconventionandcreativity,structureandagency.Tospeak,then,isnotsimplyto(20)______pre-existingthoughts;itistoparticipateinthecontinualremakingofbothlanguageandmind.1.A.controversyB.analogyC.divergenceD.compromise2.A.partitionsB.acceleratesC.dilatesD.obliterates3.A.anecdotalB.quantitativeC.obsoleteD.ambiguous4.A.remedyB.stimulusC.shortcutD.refuge5.A.internalizeB.externalizeC.neutralizeD.rationalize6.A.articulateB.rateC.anticipateD.simulate7.A.distinctionB.concessionC.inferenceD.compensation8.A.deferredB.conveyedC.executedD.deliberated9.A.boundaryB.hierarchyC.prototypeD.threshold10.A.distortB.modulateC.nullifyD.duplicate11.A.trivialB.robustC.durableD.replicable12.A.retrievingB.misclassifyingC.taggingD.concealing13.A.paraphrasedB.coinedC.borrowedD.retracted14.A.redundancyB.fragmentationC.encodingD.omission15.A.depletedB.recycledC.augmentedD.standardized16.A.inhibitB.scaffoldC.misrepresentD.serialize17.A.triggerB.inspectC.condenseD.rectify18.A.perpetuatedB.detectedC.sanctionedD.invented19.A.ossifiedB.porousC.homogeneousD.deterministic20.A.transmitB.compressC.mirrorD.archiveSectionBPhraseReplacement(单句词汇替换)Directions:Foreachofthefollowingsentences,onewordorphraseisunderlined.Choosetheletteredwordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpartandmarkthecorrespondingletter.21.Theonce-lucrativemarketforcompactdiscshasdwindledtoatrickle.A.proliferatedB.evaporatedC.subsidedD.capsized22.Thejournalistrefusedtodivulgetheidentityofherinformant.A.corroborateB.revealC.retractD.fabricate23.Thenewlegislationhasbeenhailedasapanaceaforurbancongestion.A.catalystB.prerequisiteC.cure-allD.deterrent24.Theathlete’srecord-breakingperformancewasdescribedassurrealbycommentators.A.implausibleB.mediocreC.transientD.dogmatic25.Theprofessor’slecturemeanderedthroughthreecenturiesofpoliticalthought.A.condensedB.wanderedC.acceleratedD.revertedSectionCGrammarMultipleChoice(语法单选)Directions:Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.26.Notuntilthelate1950s______thefirsteffectivepoliovaccine.A.hadscientistsdevelopedB.scientistsdevelopedC.didscientistsdevelopD.scientistshaddeveloped27.Thecommitteedebatedwhethertheproposal______themembershipcriteria.A.metB.meetsC.wouldmeetD.hadmet28.Hardly______theauditoriumwhenthefirealarmsounded.A.theaudiencehadenteredB.hadtheaudienceenteredC.theaudienceenteredD.didtheaudienceenter29.Themanagerdemandedthateveryapplicant______acriminal-backgroundcheck.A.undergoB.undergoesC.underwentD.undergoing30.Themoremeticulouslythestudentsprepared,______theyperformedonthemocktest.A.thebetterB.betterC.thebestD.best31.Thenovelissaid______inmanuscriptformforoveracentury.A.tohavebeenhiddenB.tobehiddenC.tohideD.havingbeenhidden32.Neithertheshippingcompanynorthemanufacturers______willingtocompensateforthedelay.A.isB.areC.wasD.were33.Thelecturerspokesoquicklythatonlyafterreplayingtherecordingtwice______tograspthemainargument.A.ImanagedB.didImanageC.IhadmanagedD.managedI34.Theboardofdirectorsisconsidering______itsheadquarterstoasuburbthatofferssizabletaxincentives.A.relocatingB.relocateC.torelocateD.relocation35.Theexperimentyieldedresultsfarmoreconclusivethan______intheprevioustrial.A.thoseB.thatC.onesD.itSectionDErrorIdentification(改错选择)Directions:EachofthefollowingsentencescontainsONEerror.Identifytheletteredpartthatmustbechanged.36.Theanthropologistarguedthatthetabooagainst(A)speakingthenameofthedeceased(B)haveservedhistoricallyasamechanism(C)formanaginggriefinsmall-scalesocieties(D).37.Despitethefactthat(A)themodulewasrepeatedly(B)reprogrammed,itsperformanceremained(C)unpredictablythroughout(D)theobservationperiod.38.Neitherofthealternativehypotheses(A)adequatelyaccount(B)fortheanomalous(C)readingsrecordedbythespectrometer(D).39.Theoversightcommitteefoundthatthelaboratory(A)hadfailedtokeep(B)detailedenoughrecords(C)toreconstructtheirstepsduringthecriticalphase(D).40.Thenovelist’sevocativedescriptionsof(A)themarshlandhavebeencompared(B)tothepaintingsoftheOldMasters(C)notonlyfortheirbeautybutalsofor(D)theythematicresonance.PartIILexicalCloze(词汇变形填空)Directions:Fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthewordgiveninbrackets.WritetheanswerontheAnswerSheet.41.The__________(opaque)oftheglasswasdeliberatelyincreasedtoprotecttheexhibitsfromultravioletradiation.42.Thenegotiatorsreacheda__________(tentative)agreementafterthreemarathonsessions.43.Criticspraisedthedirectorforher__________(adroit)handlingofthefilm’scontroversialsubjectmatter.44.The__________(resurgent)interestinvinylrecordshaspuzzledmarketanalysts.45.Thecommitteestressedtheneedfor__________(expedite)proceduresinprocessingvisaapplications.46.Thegeologistwarnedthattheregion’s__________(tectonic)instabilitycouldtriggeramajorearthquake.47.TheCEO’sresignationwasinterpretedasatacit__________(admit)ofcorporatemisconduct.48.Thenewpolicyaimstoreducethe__________(incidence)ofchildhoodobesitythroughschool-mealreform.49.Thehistorian’sargumentwasunderminedbyseveral__________(glaring)omissionsinthedataset.50.Thespacecraft’strajectorywasadjustedtoavoid__________(collision)withorbitaldebris.PartIIITranslation(词汇语法综合翻译)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsorphrasesgiveninbrackets.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.51.无论算法多么复杂，它都无法完全消除数据集固有的偏差。(nomatterhow)52.这位外交官拒绝置评，称此事“高度敏感”。(characterize)53.新出土的青铜器表明，该文明的技术远比以前认为的要先进。(indicative)54.在资源有限的情况下，委员会优先资助跨学科项目。(prioritize)55.这位作家坚称，她的创作并非自传性的，而是“多重声音的合成”。(composite)PartIVShort-answerQuestions(开放简答)Directions:AnswerthefollowingquestionsinNOMOREthan15wordseach.WriteyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.56.WhatlinguisticfeaturedistinguishesRussianfromEnglishinthecolor-studycitedinPartI?57.Nameonereal-worldfactorthatcanoverridelinguisticeffectsonperceptionaccordingtoskeptics.58.ProvideoneexampleofcognitiveneeddrivinglinguisticinnovationmentionedinPartI.PartVReading-basedGrammarinContext(综合应用)Directions:Readtheexcerptbelowandcompletethetasksthatfollow.ExcerptInalandmark2023study,neuroscientistsimplantedmicro-electrodesintheauditorycortexofcongenitallydeafcats.Theimplantsdeliveredpatternsofelectricalpulsesthatmimickedthetemporalstructureofhumanspeech.Afterthreeweeksofexposure,thecatsexhibitedcorticalresponsesthatcloselyresembledthoseofhearingcatsexposedtonaturalspeech.Crucially,theresearchersobservedthatthedeafcatscouldnowdistinguishbetweentwocommandsthatdifferedonlyintheirrhythmicprofile—anabilitythatuntraineddeafcatslacked.Thefindingschallengethelong-helddogmathatearlyauditorydeprivationirreversiblyclosesthecriticalperiodforphonemicdiscrimination.59.Identifythegrammaticalfunctionoftheword“that”inline5oftheexcerpt.(Answerinoneterm.)60.Rewritethesentencebeginning“Crucially…”sothatitbeginswith“What”andretainstheoriginalmeaning.Donotusemorethan25words.61.Explainwhythepastperfect(“hadlacked”)isnotusedinthefinalclause(“anabilitythatuntraineddeafcatslacked”).Answerinonesentenceofnomorethan20words.PartVIWriting(词汇语法写作)Directions:Writeacompositionofabout180wordsonthefollowingtopic.YouressayshoulddemonstrateaccurateuseofatleasteightofthevocabularyitemsthatappearinSectionsA–CofPartI.Underlineeachtargetedword.Topic:Doesspecializedvocabularyshapeprofessionalthinking?——————————————————————————AnswerKeyPartI1C2A3B4C5A6B7A8D9A10B11A12A13B14C15A16B17A18B19B20A21B22B23C24A25B26C27A28B29A30A31A32D33B34A35A36C(have→has)37D(unpredictably→unpredictable)38B(account→accounts)39D(their→its)40D(they→their)PartII41opacity42tentative43adroit44resurgent45expedited46tectonic47admission48incidence49glaring50collisionPartIII(sampleanswers)51.Nomatterhowsophisticatedthealgorithmis,itcannotcompletelyeliminatethebiasinherentinthedataset.52.Thediplomatrefusedtocomment,characterizingthematteras“highlysensitive”.53.Thenewlyunearthedbronzesareindicativeofacivilizationfarmoreadvancedthanpreviouslythought.54.Withlimitedresources,thecommitteeprioritizedinterdisciplinaryprojects.55.Thewriterinsiststhatherworkisnotautobiographicalbut“acompositeofmultiplevoices”.PartIV56.Obligatorylexicaldistinctionbetweendarkandlightblue.57.Monetaryincentives.(Anyone:taskdemands,attentionalload,reward.)58.Gender-neutra