初升高中英语暑假衔接材料专题09 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 课文讲解（暑假预习讲义）（原卷版及解析）

2/14专题09必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters课文讲解序号要点聚焦考点一Unit4NaturalDisasters课文解读课文对译解读1课文重点词汇课文结构课文对译解读2考点二Unit4NaturalDisasters课文知识解析深｜研深｜研｜精｜炼考点一课文解读课文对译解读1ReadingandThinking原文呈现Describeanaturaldisaster1.Workinpairs.Discusswhatcanhappentoacityduringabigearthquake.2.Lookatthetitleandphotobelowandguesswhatthetextisabout.Thenreadandcheckifyouareright.THENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEP（［修辞手法］拟人）StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forseveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewells①roseandfell②,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracks③thatappearedinthewellwalls（that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词cracks，that在从句中作主语。）.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygas④comingoutofit（动词-ing短语作后置定语，修饰gas。）.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat(too...to...太……而不能……),anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide（动词-ing短语作伴随状语，Mice与lookfor之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。）,andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00a.m.,on28July1976,brightlightswereseenintheskyoutsidethecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusual⑤thatnight.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasif⑥theworldwerecomingtoanend⑦！（［句型］Itseemedasif...表示"看起来好像……"，asif引导表语从句，该从句使用了虚拟语气（从句中be动词的过去式通常用were而不是was））。Elevenkilometresdirectlybelow⑧thecity,oneofthemostdeadly⑨earthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.【1】Nearlyonethird⑩ofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide（两个并列的形容词短语作后置定语,修饰crack）,cutacross⑪houses,roads,andwaterways​^⑫.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.（［修辞手法］此处使用了隐喻（metaphor）的修辞方法，将泥石流比喻成河流。使用隐喻时，我们通常把被描写的事物比喻成与之相似的事物，但不在句子中使用like,as等表示"像"的词语。）Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins⑬.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthere（"分数+of+名词"作主语时，谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。此处were与people的数保持一致。）were（who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people，who在从句中作主语。）deadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleft....withoutparents.（"leave+宾语+宾补"结构的被动形式）Thenumberof​⑭peoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequake（［思考］此处who引导什么类型的从句呢？）wasmorethan400,000.Everywheresurvivors⑮looked,（Everywhere作连词，引导地点状语从句。）therewasnothingbutruins（［句型］Therewas/isnothingbut...表示"除了……之外，什么都没有"或"无一不是……"。but是介词，表示"除……之外"。）.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percent⑯ofthecity’sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone⑰.Bricks⑱coveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves（［修辞手法］此处使用了明喻（simile）的修辞方法。明喻不同于隐喻，它直接在句子中使用like,as,as...as...等表示"像"的词语或结构，来明确地比喻和描述。）,butnowindcouldblowthemaway...Mostbridgeshadfallenor..werenotsafe..tocross.（［句型］主语+be+adj.（+forsb.）+动词不定式）Therailwaytrackswerenowuseless⑲piecesofmetal⑳.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock㉑—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricity㉒werehardtoget.（［思考］此处使用了什么句型呢？）Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast（how引导的宾语从句，作wonder的宾语。）.Buthopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigout㉓thosewhoweretrapped㉔andtobury㉕thedead㉖（两个并列的动词不定式短语作宾语补语，其中who引导定语从句，从句修饰先行词those。先行词为those且指人时，定语从句常用who引导。）.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare㉗.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed（whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词survivors，whose在从句中作定语修饰homes。）.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreathe㉘again.（［修辞手法］此处使用了拟人（personification）的修辞方法，把事物人格化，将事物变得和人一样，会做出动作或拥有感情。）Tangshanstartedtorevive㉙itselfandgetbackuponitsfeet㉚.（［修辞手法］拟人）Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelessefforts㉛ofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupon㉜theearthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometo㉝morethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthat​㉞intimesof㉟disaster,peoplemustunify㊱andshowthewisdom㊲tostaypositive㊳andrebuildforabrighterfuture.【2】地球的不眠之夜河北省东北部的农村地区怪事连连。一连几天，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏，井壁上出现了深深的裂缝，至少有一口水井冒出臭气。鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。老鼠跑到田外寻找藏身之所；鱼儿也跳出水面。1976年7月28日凌晨3：00左右，唐山城外的天空中出现了耀眼的亮光，接着又传出巨大的声响。然而，那天晚上，城里的百万居民仍像往常一样沉睡在梦乡。凌晨3:42，万物开始摇晃，仿佛世界末日即将来临！在城市正下方的11千米处，20世纪伤亡最严重的地震之一爆发了，远在150多千米以外的北京都受到了这场地震的破坏，全国近三分之一的地区均有震感!一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横切房屋、道路和水路。坚硬的石山变成了泥石流。在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。城里三分之二的居民遇难或受伤，数以千计的孩子失去了父母。在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟，城市里几乎万物尽毁。全市大约75%的工厂和建筑、90%的住房和所有的医院都荡然无存了。砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面，但是却没有风能将其吹走。大多数桥梁坍塌或无法安全通行；铁轨变成了废金属块；数万头奶牛、数十万头猪和数百万只鸡也都死掉了。井中满是沙子而非井水。人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一场强烈的地震侵袭了唐山。更多的楼房倒塌了，水、食物和电都难以获取。人们开始疑惑这场灾难将会持续多久。然而，希望尚存。地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出来，并掩埋了死者。上万名医护人员赶到现场，救死扶伤。工人们为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了庇护所。数十万人获得了帮助。火车、卡车和飞机给城市运来了食物和饮用水。慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。在政府的大力支持以及市民的不懈努力下，一座新的唐山在地震废墟上被建立起来。这座新的城市已经成为700多万人的家园，交通、工业和环境都得到了巨大的改善。唐山向中国以及全世界证明，在灾难发生之际，人们必须团结一致，展现智慧，保持积极乐观的心态，重建一个更为璀璨的未来。课文重点词汇1①well熟词生义n.［C］井，水井②riseandfall起伏，升降rise（rose,risen）vi.上升；起床③crack/kræk/n.［C］裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.（使）破裂④smellygas难闻的气体smelly/ˈsmeli/adj.有难闻气味的；有臭味的gas/gæs/n.［C,U］气体；［U］燃气；汽油⑤asusual像往常一样⑥asif似乎，好像，仿佛⑦cometoanend结束拓展cometo达到,进入（某种状态或境地）;作出（决定），达成（协议）cometoadecision作出决定cometoanagreement达成协议⑧directlybelow在……正下方directly/dəˈrektli/adv.熟词生义恰好，正好地；立即conj.一……就……⑨deadly/ˈdedli/adj.（deadlier/moredeadly,deadliest/mostdeadly）致命的；十足的，彻底的adv.极其，非常⑩onethird表示"三分之一"。英语中分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于一时，分母用复数。如34threefourths,256twoandfivesixths。⑪cutacross穿过，通过⑫waterwayn.［C］水路，航道⑬inruins严重受损；破败不堪ruin/ˈru:ɪn/n.［C］废墟⑭thenumberof...意为"……的数量",of后常跟可数名词复数或集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。复习anumberof...意为"一些/若干……"，of后常跟可数名词复数或集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。⑮survivor/səˈvaɪvə（r）/n.［C］幸存者，生还者⑯percent/pəˈsent/n.百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中对比percentage/pəˈsentɪdʒ/n.［C］百分率，百分比6percentagepoints（=6percent）⑰gone熟词生义adj.不复存在；用完了；（人）离开了⑱brick/brɪk/n.［C，U］砖;砖块⑲uselessadj.没用的反义usefuladj.有用的思考具有相同词根并分别以-ful和-less结尾的两类形容词都互为反义词吗？⑳metal/ˈmetl/n.［C，U］金属㉑inshock震惊；吃惊shock/ʃɒk/n.［C，U］震惊语用介词in和许多表示情绪的名词搭配使用时，可用来描写人物的心情，如insurprise/amazement（惊讶地）、infear/horror（害怕地）等。㉒electricity/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/n.［U］电；电能electric/ɪˈlektrɪk/adj.用电的，电的㉓digout挖出㉔trap/træp/vt.（trapped,trapped）使落入险境㉕bury/ˈberi/vt.埋葬；安葬㉖thedead死者；逝者拓展"the+形容词"转化而来的名词表达具有该形容词语义特征或状态的"人"或"物"，为集合概念。这类名词无复数词尾，通常当作复数词使用。有类似用法的还有：thepoor（穷人）、therich（富人）、theold（老年人）、theyoung（年轻人）等。㉗medicalcare医疗护理㉘breathe/bri:ð/vi.&vt.呼吸㉙revive/rɪˈvaɪv/vt.&vi.复活；（使）苏醒派生词revival/rɪˈvaɪvl/n.［C，U］复兴，复苏㉚onone’sfeet（困境后）恢复，完全复原；（病后）痊愈㉛tirelessefforts坚持不懈的努力tirelessadj.不知疲倦的词链tire（vi.&vt.使疲劳,疲劳）—tired（adj.疲倦的）—tiring（adj.令人疲劳的）—tireless（adj.）effort/ˈefət/n.［C，U］努力；［C］艰难的尝试；尽力详见P195㉜upon在此可替换为on。㉝be/become（a）hometo...是……的家园/家乡㉞provetosb.that...向某人证明……㉟intimesof...在……时期㊱unify/ˈju:nɪfaɪ/vi.&vt.（使）统一；（使）成一体unifiedadj.统一的㊲wisdom/ˈwɪzdəm/n.［U］智慧；才智构词法wisdom为"wise（adj.有智慧的，明智的）+名词后缀-dom（状况，状态）"构成的名词。常见的以-dom结尾的词还有：freedom（n.自由）、boredom（n.厌烦）等。㊳staypositive保持积极乐观的心态staylinkingverb保持原状，维持课文语篇结构【即学即练】课文语法填空StrangethingshappenedbeforetheTangshanearthquake.Forseveraldaysonend,thewaterinthevillagewells1(rise)andfell.Thewellwallshaddeepcracks.Chickensandpigsweretoonervous2(eat).At3:42onthemorningof28July,1976,everythingbegantoshake.3seemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!NearlyonethirdofChinafeltthepowerofthequake.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Withinoneminute,4wholecitylayinruins—almosteverythingwasdestroyed.Twothirdsofpeopletherediedorgot5(injure).Peoplewere6(shock)atthisandwhatwasworse,thenanotherbigquakehitTangshanagain.Peoplegotintodeeptrouble,7(wonder)howlongthedisasterwouldlast.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose8weretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersfor9(survivor).Freshwaterwastakentothecity.Gradually,thecitybegantobreatheagain.Witheffectivesupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshanwas10(final)builtontheearthquakeruins.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

考点二课文知识解析1.ruinn．&vt.破坏；毁坏[教材原句]Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。(1)be/lieinruins成为废墟；毁灭fallintoruin成为废墟；破败不堪(2)ruinone’shope/chance使某人的希望破灭/机会失去ruinoneself自我毁灭[佳句背诵]Whenwereachedthedestination，wesawanoldtempleinruins.我们到达目的地后，看到一座成为废墟的古庙。[活学巧用]单句语法填空①Theoldfamouscastlefellruinafterthebigflood.②Heavysmokingmayruin(you)，soyoushouldgiveitupassoonaspossible.2.shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊[教材原句]Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.人们惊恐万状——然而邻近傍晚时分，又一次强烈的地震撼动唐山。(1)agreatshocktosb对某人来说是极大的震惊inshock震惊；吃惊(2)shockedadj.震惊的；惊讶的beshockedat/by对……感到吃惊beshockedtodosth做某事很吃惊(3)shockingadj.令人震惊的[佳句背诵]Ilookedathiminshock,waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.我震惊地望着他，等待他告诉我，这一切都是我的误解。[活学巧用]单句语法填空①Hissituationwasagreattousall.②Thesurvivorslayonthebeach,exhaustedand(shock)．③Thenewsthathewasinjuredintheaccident(shock)．[名师点津]shockedadj.“感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和心理感受；shockingadj.“令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。3.trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱[教材原句]Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震发生后不久，部队派出15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。fallintoatrap落入圈套betrappedin困在……中；陷在……中[佳句背诵]Thesoldiersweresenttotheearthquake－hitareaimmediatelytorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedintheruins.战士们立即被派往地震灾区营救被困在废墟中的人们。[活学巧用]单句语法填空①Ifyouwalkintotheforest，you’relikelytofallatrap.②Theyoungmanwasthebuilding，andhefeltveryhelpless.4.buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心(1)bury...in...把……埋到……里(2)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(buryoneselfin,beburiedin))埋头于/专心于……[佳句背诵]Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。[活学巧用]单句语法填空①He(bury)inhislessonsandknewnothingabouttheoutsideworld.②Inthepastthreeweeks,wehavebeenburying(we)instudybecausetheexamisdrawingnear.5.effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力[教材原句]Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈努力，一座新的唐山在地震废墟中被建立起来。eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(sparenoefforttodosth,makeeveryefforttodosth))不遗余力做某事makeaneffort/effortstodosth努力做某事[佳句背诵]Idobelievethatallyoureffortswillpayoffsoonerorlater.我的确相信你的努力迟早会得到回报。[活学巧用]单句语法填空①IfIamluckyenoughtobegivensuchagoodchance，Iwillsparenoeffort(finish)thetask.②AsfarasI’mconcerned,youshouldmakeagreatereffort(study)hard.6.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[教材原句]Whatkindofhelpdoyouthinkpeoplewhohavesufferedanearthquakeneed?你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？(1)sufferlosses/pains遭受损失/痛苦sufferfrom患……病；因……而受苦(2)sufferingn.苦难，痛苦sufferern.受难者[佳句背诵]Obviously，ourearthissufferingseriousdamage.显然，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。[活学巧用]单句语法填空①AsfarasIknow,hehaseversufferedaseriousillness.②Theeditornevertalkedabouthis(s)(suffer)inthedisaster.7.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗不肯进入屋内。[句型公式]too＋adj.＋to...“太……不能……”(1)too＋adj./adv.(forsb)todosth...意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义；(2)too＋(glad/pleased/willing/delighted/anxious)todosth表示肯定意义。①Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I’malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.我讨厌她在上班时给我打电话——我一直很忙不能和她交谈。②Theproblemistoodifficultforme(settle)．这个问题太难了，我解决不了。③Iamyouwithyourhomework.我很乐意帮你做作业。8.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！仿佛世界末日即将来临！[句型公式]asif＝asthough“仿佛；好像”，在句中引导表语从句。Itseemed(tosb)that/asif...“(对某人来说)似乎……”。(1)asif从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的。(2)asif从句用虚拟语气：从句用一般过去时(表示与现在的事实相反)；从句用过去完成时(表示与过去的事实相反)；从句用would/could/mightdo形式(表示与将来的事实相反)①Lookatthecloudsinthesky!itisgoingtorain.Let’shurryup.看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。②Hetalkstothemasifthey(be)children.(与现在事实相反)他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。③HetalksaboutRomeasifhe(be)therebefore.(与过去事实相反)他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。④Heopenedhismouthasifhe(say)something.(与将来事实相反)他张开嘴好像要说什么。【即学即练】一．单句语法填空1.Buryinghimselfhisstudy,hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.

2.Theygotlostintheforestandcouldn'tfindaplacetoshelterthemselvesthewindandrain.

3.Iwasfrightenedto(die)whenIcaughtsightofasnakeinthedistance.

4.Peoplewithweakcontrolpowerarelikelytobetrappedbuyinguselessgoodsbythewebcast(网络直播).

5.Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments(替代疗法)20yearsagowhenhesufferedterriblebackpain.

6.Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)toteachalessonortopasson(wise).

7.Thelightistooweak(cause)anydamagepeople'seyes.

8.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood(breathe).

9.Nowthenumberofpeoplelearningfirstaid(increase)rapidly.

10.Itshockedtheathletethatthemedalhewoninthechampionshipwaslost.

二.选词填空(其中有一项多余)inshock;makeaneffortto;cometoanend;nothingbut;digout;inruins;asif;afloodof;cometoone'srescueAterribleearthquakehitthisarea.Millionsofbuildingslay1..Peopletherewere2.becauseitseemed3.lifewould4..Thankfully,thesoldiers5..Manysurvivorswere6.and7.suppliesweredeliveredtothedisasterarea.Peopletheresawhopeand8.rebuildtheirhome.

三.完成句子1.为了有一个健康的饮食,我开始学习如何包饺子。(effort),Isetouttolearnhowtomakedumplings.

2.她的头发越发灰白了,就像盖上了霜和雪。(asif)Herhairgrewgreyerandgreyer,anditseemedfrostandsnow.(读后续写—外貌描写)

3.Thetwocountriesareatwarandthesheltersarenotbigenoughtoaccommodateallthechildren.(句型转换)→Thetwocountriesareatwarandthesheltersareallthechildren.(too...to...)

→Thetwocountriesareatwarandthesheltersareallthechildren.(so...that...)

课文对译解读2ReadingforWriting原文呈现Writeasummary①1.Readthenewsreportreleased②thedayafteratsunami（动词-ed短语作后置定语，修饰thenewsreport。）andanswerthequestions.1.Whendidthetsunamihappen?【答案】Ithappenedon26December2004.2.Whatcausedthetsunami?【答案】Averypowerfulearthquakeof9.0-magnitudewhichhappenedundertheseaoffthewestcoastofSumatraIslandinIndonesia.3.Whywoulditbedifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies（it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语todeliverfoodandsupplies。）?【答案】Dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.TheDailyNewsTSUNAMIHITSASIA：OVER6,500DEADBy③RobertWoodhouseMonday,27December2004［标题赏析］英语新闻标题常用一般现在时（即使是指过去的事件），从形式上来突出报道的及时性和简洁性。标题经常省略不必要的词，如冠词、名词、系动词、代词等。将"OVER6,500DEAD"补充完整为"OVER6,500PEOPLEAREDEAD"。Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedinto④coastlines⑤acrossAsiayesterday,killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountries.【1】Fishermen⑥,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptaway⑦byhugewaves⑧causedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.【2】Theunderseaquakestruck⑨around7:00a.m.，SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.Inthatareaalone⑩,atleast1,870peoplewerekilled.InSriLanka,some⑪1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre⑫,thenumberofdeathsstoodat⑬2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas⑭1,900hadbeenkilled（过去完成时的被动语态，其构成是"had+been+过去分词"。）alongthesoutherncoast.Another254werefounddead（"find+宾语+宾补（形容词）"结构的被动式）inThailandand54inthreeothercountries（54后省略了与and前的分句相同的部分"werefounddead"）.InsouthernThailand,1,900peoplewerehurtandmanymoreweremissing,localofficialssaid."Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.（［句式］"Sb.wasdoingsth.when..."意为"某人正在做某事，这时（突然）……"，when是并列连词。）Wehadtoleaveeverythingandruntosafety⑮,"saidChandraTheeravit,alocalThaiwoman.Thousandsofpeoplearestillmissing,andthenumberofdeathsisexpectedto⑯groweven⑰higheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaidisbeingorganised（现在进行时的被动语态，其构成是"am/is/are+being+过去分词",表示被动和动作正在进行。）forthetsunami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditions⑱anddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliver⑲foodandsupplies（"make+it+adj.+todosth."结构，此处it是形式宾语，动词不定式短语todeliverfoodandsupplies是真正的宾语。）每日新闻海啸侵袭亚洲：6500余人遇难罗伯特·伍德豪斯2004年12月27日，星期一昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家的6500多人死亡。渔民、游客、酒店、房屋和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。这场海底地震于周日早上7时许侵袭了印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近的海域。仅那个地区就至少有1870人死亡。政府官员称，在斯里兰卡，震中以西约1600千米处，死亡人数高达2498，另有100多万人受到海啸的影.响。印度官员称，南部海岸地区多达1900人丧生。泰国另有254人死亡，其他三个国家有54人丧生。当地官员表示，泰国南部有1900人受伤，失踪人数则更多。泰国当地的一位女士钱德拉·特拉维说："我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然海水开始灌入屋内。我们只好扔下一切，跑到安全地带。"仍有成千上万人失踪，预计未来几天死亡人数还将进一步增加。目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。课文重点词汇2①summary/ˈsʌməri/n.［C］总结，概括，概要派生词summarizevt.&vi.总结，概述拓展insummary总的来说，总之②release/rɪˈli:s/vt.发布,公布；释放③英语中，作者或记者的名字前一般需加上介词by。④crashinto撞上crash/kræʃ/vi.&vt.碰撞；撞击⑤coastline/ˈkəʊstlaɪn/n.［C］海岸线⑥fisherman/ˈfɪʃəmən/n.［C］渔民fishingboat渔船⑦sweepaway冲走，吹走；消灭，彻底消除sweep/swi:p/vt.&vi.（swept,swept）（迅猛地）吹走；冲走；打扫；清扫拓展sweepup打扫，清扫⑧wave/weɪv/n.［C］海浪；波浪⑨strike/straɪk/vi.&vt.（struck,struck/stricken）侵袭（=hit）⑩alone/əˈləʊn/熟词生义adv.（用于名词或代词后以加强语气）仅仅，单，只⑪some熟词生义adv.（用于数词前）大约，差不多（=about/around）⑫thequakecentre/center震中妥善thefocusofanearthquake震源⑬standatsth.达特定水平（或数量、高度等）standvi.熟词生义达特定水平（或数量、高度等）⑭asmanyas...多达……⑮safetyn.［U］熟词生义安全处所⑯beexpectedtodosth.预计做某事⑰evenadv.更（程度副词）拓展常用来修饰比较级的程度副词（短语）还有still,far,any,much,alot等。⑱condition/kənˈdɪʃən/n.［pl.］（居住、工作或做事情的）环境，境况，条件⑲deliver/dɪˈlɪvə/vt.&vi.递送；传达;vt.发表【即学即练】课文语法填空Atsunamicausedbythemost1(power)earthquakeinthepast40yearscrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killingover6,500peopleinseveral2(country).Theunderseaearthquake3reachedamagnitudeof9.0occurredaround7:00am,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia'sSumatraIsland,4(cause)atleast1,870deaths.InSriLanka,thenumberofdeathsstood52,498whileinIndiaasmanyas1,900peoplewerekilled.

Thousandsofpeoplearestillmissingandthenumberofdeaths6(expect)togroweven7(high)overthenextfewdays.8foreignaidisbeingorganizedforthetsunami-hitcountries,dangerousconditionsand9(damage)roadswillmakeitdifficult10(deliver)foodandsupplies.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

考点三课文知识解析1.waven．海浪；波浪，波涛；挥手vi.&vt.挥手；招手[教材原句]Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9级强震所引起的巨浪卷走。wavegoodbyetosb向某人挥手告别eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(waveto/atsb,givesbawave))向某人挥手[佳句背诵]Sherefusedmysuggestionwithawaveofherhand.她摆摆手拒绝了我的建议。[活学巧用]单句语法填空①Hewavedusasthebusdroveoff.②Iwavedgoodbyehim,butheignoredme.2.strikevi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；突然想到；(钟)敲；打动，迷住n．罢工；罢课；袭击[教材原句]Theunderseaquakestruckaround7：00a．m.,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.海底地震于星期日上午7时许袭击了印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域。bestruckby...被……打动eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(sthstrike（s）sb,Itstrikessbthat/wh－...))某人突然想起……[佳句背诵]Thefailureoftheirteamstrucksadnessintothecaptain’sheart.他们队的失利让队长很伤心。[活学巧用]语境辨义①TheclockstrucktwelvewhenIgothomelastnight.②AterribleearthquakedidstrikethecityonMarch11.③AgoodideastruckmewhenIwasreadingthenewspaper.④Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthecountry.3.effectn．影响；结果；效果(1)haveaneffecton/upon对……产生影响ineffect事实上(2)effectiveadj.有效的；有影响的[佳句背诵]Thereisnodoubtthatreadingbookscanhaveagoodeffectonthechildren.毫无疑问，读书会对儿童有良好的影响。[活学巧用]单句语法填空①effect，hedidn’tmakeanyerrorsthistime.②Gooutdoorsandplayteamgameswithyourfriends，whichisan(effect)waytogetridofanger.4.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。[句型公式]bedoingsthwhen...“正在做某事这时……”when在此处是并列连词，表示“正在那时，这时”，常用句型有：bedoing...when...正在做……，这时……beabouttodo...when...正要做……，这时……hadjustdone...when...刚做过……这时……①Themandownstairstheearthquakehappened.这个男子正在楼下睡觉，这时地震发生了。②We(have)ameetingwhensomeonebrokein.当时我们正在开会，突然有人闯了进来。③Ihadjustcomeoutofthekitchensomeoneknockedatthedoor.我刚从厨房出来，就有人敲门。【即学即练】一．单句语法填空1.However,themajorityofpeopleare(effect)speakersbecausetheytraintobe.

2.summary,mymom'ssimpleacthasadeepeffectme.

3.Ourteamofexpertswillbehandtoofferhelpbetween8a.m.and5p.m.daily.

4.TheEnglishmandidwhathesaid.HecametoChinain1986withaplantorunthewhole(long)oftheGreatWall.

5.Withmillionsofridersontheroad,China'sfood(deliver)industryhaslongprideditselfonbeingabletoreacheverycornerofthecountry.

6.Iwillsparenoeffort(introduce)moreaspectsofChineseculturetostudentsthroughmoreevents,andfurtherraisetheirinterestinlearningChineseandunderstandingChineseculture.

7.struckmethatIwascheatingmyselfbypretendingtoknowwhatIdidn'tknow.

8.ProfessorJeffistogivethestudentsatalkonallhesawandheardinChina.

二．完成句子1.由于心里发慌,我深吸了一口气,试图平静下来,然后向我的新老师挥了挥手。Withbutterfliesinmystomach,I,tryingto,andthenmynewteacher.(读后续写—动作描写)

2.(2021新高考Ⅰ写作)我正在访问我们学校的网站,这时我注意到了英文报Youth。(was/weredoing...when...)Iourschool'swebsitetheEnglishnewspaperYouth.

3.雨开始下得很大,使得难以透过窗户看到她前院的树木。(现在分词作结果状语,make)Rainstartedtocomedownhard,thetreesinherfrontyardthroughthewindow.(读后续写—场景描写)

一．语法填空A(2025广东江门期中)AsfarasIknow,theheavystormwasoneoftheworsteventsofthecity.Itstruckthewesternpartofthecitylastnight.Thewindspeedreachedeightykilometresperhour.Thestormcausedseriousdamage1atleasttwohundredhomes.Agreatnumberofpeople2(leave)homelessafterthe3(roof)ofthehousesweresweptaway.Scenesofthedisastercouldbeseeneverywhere,whichmadepeople4(frighten).

InMainStreet,thecityparkwasfloodedcompletely.Manycarsweredestroyedcompletelybyfloodwater.Onecar5(own)withoutfullinsurance(保险)burstout6(cry).Somecarswerecarriedacrosstheparkingarea7thrownintostorm-waterdrains.Inanotherblock,atreefellonabus8wastakingsomefootballplayerstoagame.9(lucky),nooneonthebusgotinjured.

Itwaspleasingthatthestormwasfinallyat10endafterdoingextremedamage.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

B(2025湖北部分高中联盟期中)TheChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeam(CISAR)1(form)in2001andisnowmadeupofseveralhundredrescueworkersandabout20snifferdogs.Theteambringshelpandhopetothose2livesarechangedbyastorm,flood,earthquake,drought,oranyothernaturaldisaster.

Afterlongandcarefultraining,theteamwentonitsfirstinternationalrescuemissionsin2003.ThatyeartheChineseteamhelpedsavelivesafterearthquakesinAlgeriaandIran.ItwasthefirsttimethataChineseteamhadworkedoutsideChinaandtheteamwonhighpraise3theirbraveryandskill.Sincethen,theCISAR4(complete)manymissions.Thelistofpeopletowhomhelphasbeengivenislong.Theteamtreatedmorethan3,000people5(injure)inthe2006earthquakeinIndonesiaandspentseveralmonths6(give)aidtoover25,000victimsofthe2010floodsinPakistan.

Rescueworkersaretrainedtofindpeople,treatinjuries,andhandoutfood,waterandother7(supply).Theyhavetobeabletodoworkthatisdifficultunderconditionswhichcanbe8(danger).Andtheyevenbury9dead.Rescueworkersmusthavebighearts,too.Ittakesalotofloveandcouragetoriskone'sownlife10(save)someoneelse.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

三．阅读理解A(2025山东济宁期中)OnceuponatimeinthesmallcoastaltownofHavenbrook,lifewaspeacefulandhappy.Thetown'sresidents(居民)enjoyedthebeautyoftheoceanandthequietoftheirhomes.However,onefatefulday,theirpeacefullifewasturnedupsidedownbyadestructivenaturaldisaster.Themorningstartedlikeanyother.Thesunrose,castingitsgoldenraysoverthetown.Peoplewokeup,preparedfortheirdailyroutine,andwentabouttheirbusiness.Littledidtheyknowthatastormwasbrewingfaroutontheocean.Asthedayprogressed,theskybegantodarken,andthewindstartedtopickup.Byafternoon,Havenbrookwasinthecontrolofapowerfulhurricane.Thehurricane'sfiercewindstorethroughthetown,cuttingroofsintopiecesandoverturningtrees.Theocean,whippedintoafrenzybythestorm,washedinhugewavesintothetown,floodingstreetsandhomes.Residents,caughtunprepared,hurriedtofindshelter.Manyweretrappedintheirhomes,waitinginterrorasthewaterrosehigherandhigher.Itseemedasiftheworldwereatanend.Thetown'semergencyservicesworkedtirelesslytorescuethoseindanger.Theyusedboatstonavigatethroughthefloodedstreetsandmotheredpeopletosafety.However,thestormwassopowerfulthateventheireffortswerelimited.Manyhomeswerecompletelydestroyed,andliveswerelost.Theonce-thrivingtownwasnowasceneofruinanddespair(绝望).Afterthehurricane,Havenbro