总复习时态与句型学案（无答案） 人教版（2024）七年级上册

（一）句型一、陈述句陈述句陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。它包括_________和_________两种。陈述句在书写时句末用___________，在明读时用__________。1.肯定句基本结构为______________________结构以及它的补充结构，以下是常用的几种肯定句。主语+be动词(am/is/are)+表语E.g.Thisismybrother._____________________________________【注意】这里的be动词(am/is/are)也可变成其他的系动词。如：Ifeelbetter._______________________________________主语+谓语(____________)E.g.Theteacherleft.________________________________________【注意】这里的be动词(am/is/are)也可变成其他的系动词。如：Thecargoesfast.___________________________________________主语+谓语(_____________)+_________+(状语)E.g.Hedidhishomeworkyesterday.__________________________________________主语+谓语(及物动词)+__________+_________E.g.Mymotherboughtmeanewschoolbagyesterday.___________________________主语+谓语(及物动词)+________+宾语补足语E.g.Ipaintedityellow.___________________________【注意】这五种基本句式结构只限于简单句(只包含一个谓语结构，不包括并列句和复合句)。2.否定句否定句笼统来说就是包含了“不……”的含义。小学阶段我们主要接触到的是全否定句，也就是使用否定词__________。将not放在be动词(am/is/are)____________。E.g.Iamastudent.(改为否定句)______________________________________Theyareintheclassroom.(改为否定句)________________________________(isnot可以缩写成____________；arenot可以缩写成____________)情态动词+notE.g.Icanswim.(改为否定句)________________________________________Youmuststay.(改为否定句)_________________________________________(cannot可以缩写成____________；mustnot可以缩写成____________)助动词+not最常用的助动词有：be，have，do，shall，will，should，would等。E.g.Iwillcomebacksoon.(改为否定句)_________________________________________Ihavefinishedit.(改为否定句)_________________________________________(这里willnot=____________，havenot=____________)【注意】【注意】have在两种情况下可以直接加not。★助动词：Ihaven'tseenyouforalongtime.______________________________★作为实义动词意为_________。Ihaven'tanytoys.___________________________don't(doesn’t/didn’t)+_____________这时句子里往有实义动词，根据时态的不同和人称的不同而变化。①一般现在时：don’t(doesn’t)+_________________E.g.Igototheparkeverymorning.(改为否定句)_________________________________________Helikesmonkeys.(改为否定句)_________________________________________②一般过去时E.g.IwatchedTVlastnight.(改为否定句)_________________________________________二、疑问句1.一般疑问句用提问的方式来询问事物或确定某种情况是否属实，要求对方给予_______或_______回答，读时一般用____________。结构以be动词开头:am,is,are,was,were句子结构：_________+_________+_________？如：Isthisyourskirt?_____________________________以情态动词开头：can,may,must,will(将来时),would句子结构：情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？如：Canyouwashtheclothes?你会洗衣服吗？以助动词开头：Do,________,(一般现在时)_______(过去时),have(现在完成时),had(过去完成时)句子结构：______________+______________+______________+其他？如：Doyougotoschoolonfoot?____________________________肯定句变一般疑问句的方法：有be动词和情态动词如果句子里有be动词，情态动词以及have作为助动词时，直接将它拉到句首；【做题方法】句中有some变____________；有第一人称(I,me,We,us,my,our)变____________(____________，____________)。如：Heistwelve.____________________________Shecanswim._______________________________Ihavegotit._________________________________无be动词和情态动词【做题方法】没有be动词(am、is、are)和情态动词(can、could、may、must、should、will、would等)时，借助动词do/does/did放句首，动词变原形；如：Igotothepark.____________________________Helikesbananas._______________________________Igotupatsixyesterday._________________________________一般疑问句回答一般疑问句有两种回答，即：肯定回答和否定回答。(1) 肯定回答用yes。语句顺序为：Yes+主语+am/is/are/can/should/will/do/does/did(2) 否定回答用no。语句顺序为：No+主语+amnot/isn't/aren't/can't/won't/doesn't/don't/didn'tE.g.Thereissomewaterinthecup.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定或否定回答)一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯定回答：__________________否定回答：__________________Mymotherlikestomatoes.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定或否定回答)一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯定回答：__________________否定回答：__________________2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开头，用来询问具体的某一方面信息的疑问句。特殊疑问句在回答的时候，不可以用Yes或者No，必须回答具体的内容。例如：－What’shisname?______________________________－HisnameisTom.______________________________常见特殊疑问句的用法对“地点”提问用___________。如：TheyarestudyingChineseinChina.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“时间点”提问用___________。如：Heoftengoestobedatten.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“一般的时间”提问用___________。如：ShecametoJapanin1990.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“谁”提问用___________。如：Thegirlisstandingatthestation.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“谁的”提问用___________。如：Imetmyfather.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“年龄”提问用___________。如：Themanoverthereissixty.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“哪一个”提问用___________。如：Shelikesthenewskirt.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“颜色”提问用___________。如：Herblouseiswhite.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“职业”提问用___________。句式为：Whatis/are+人？或Whatdo/does+人+do?如：Hismotherisateacher.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“次数”提问用___________。如：HewatchedTVtwicelastweek.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对Therebe句型中的主语提问用：Whatis/(was)+地点？如：Thereisabookonthedesk.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“数量”提问用___________+(可数名词复数)或___________+(不可数名词)。如：Therearetenbooksonthedesk.(对划线部分进行提问)→ Theyhavesomewater.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“钱数，价钱”提问用___________。如：Shespenttenyuanonthebook.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“方式、方法”或“感觉如何”提问用___________。如：Wecometoschoolonfoot.(对划线部分进行提问)→ Sheisfeelingmuchbetternow.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“原因”提问用___________。如：Hedidn'tcomeherebecausehewasillyesterday.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“for+时间段”提问___________。如Wehavestayedhereforsixyears.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“星期几”提问用___________。如：TodayisFriday.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“日期”提问用___________。如：YesterdaywasJuly1,1995.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对“天气状况”提问用“Whatis/was……theweatherlike?”。如：Todayisrainy.(对划线部分进行提问)→ 对划线部分进行提问的做题技巧一找：找特殊疑问词；分析划线部分的内容，能用那个疑问词(what,when,how,where,who,which,whose等)来代替。二代：用特殊疑问词代替划线部分；三移：把特殊疑问词移至句首；四变：未划线部分变为一般疑问句。变一般疑问句时，找句子中是否有be动词，有be动词将be动词提前；没有be动词，用助动词do/does(已给句子是一般现在时)，然后找句子中的主语，主语写下来后，找动词，注意必须用动词的原形，接着剩下部分照抄。3.祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫作祈使句。祈使句的对象(即主语)是第二人称，也就是对“你(你们)”说的话，所以通常省略。祈使句的动词一般是动词原形，句末常使用句号或感叹号。祈使句的形式肯定结构(1) 动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分(简称为do型)Openthewindow,please.(2) Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分(简称为be型)Beagoodboy! (3) Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分(简称为let型)Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。Letusgotothegarden. 否定结构(1) do型句首加don't构成Closethedoor,please.(改为否定句)→ Lookatme.(改为否定句)→ (2) be型也是在句首加don'tDon'tbelateforschool! (3) let型的否定式有两种①Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分Don'tlethergoout.不要让她出去。②Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他Lethernotgoout.不要让她出去。祈使句与其他句型的转换祈使句与肯定句的转换一般可以用“Youshould/must/can...”来替换。祈使句:Sithere. 肯定句: 祈使句:Pleasedoitbyyourself. 肯定句: 祈使句与否定句的转换一般可以用“Youshouldn't/mustn't/can't...”来替换。祈使句:Don'tputthebookhere. 否定句: 祈使句:Nosmoking! 否定句: 4.感叹句感叹句有多种表现形式，有时一个单词、短语或一个词组也可成为感叹句。尽管感叹句的表现形式多种多样，但主要的表现形式只有两种，即what和how引导的感叹句。what修饰___________，how修饰_____________________。一般句子结尾用感叹号。what引导的感叹句What(+a/an)+名词 E.g.Whatapity!What(+a/an)+形容词+名词 E.g.Whatanicejob!What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语 E.g.Whatadeliciousdinneryoumade!How引导的感叹句How+形容词+主语+谓语 E.g.Howcleverthegirlis!How+副词+主语+谓语 E.g.Howquicklytheboyiswalking!How+形容词(省略句) E.g.Hownice!How+主语+谓语(省略句) E.g.Howtimeflies!5.Therebe句型Therebe句型的结构Thereis+a/an___________________+地点状语.E.g.Thereisanappleonthetree.Thereissomewaterinthebottle.Thereare+_____________________+地点状语.E.g.Therearefourapplesonthetree.【注意】就近原则Therebe句型中，几个名词并列时，be的单复数形式由最近名词单复数决定。如：There_____twoboysandagirlunderthetree.There_____agirlandtwoboysunderthetree.Therebe句型与have/has的用法区别结构不同：Therebe+名词+其它.主语+have/has+其它.意义不同therebe侧重表示“存在”have/has侧重表示“持有/拥有”（二）时态1.一般现在时【用法】(1)表示现在的状态：Sheis12yearsold.(2)表示经常或习惯性的动作：Hegoestoworkbybuseveryday.(3)表示主语具备的性格和能力：TheboyisabletospeakEnglishverywell.(4)普遍的真理和自然规律：Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.【句式结构】(1)主语+be(am/is/are)肯定句：_____________________________________________否定句：_____________________________________________一般疑问句：_________________________________________特殊疑问句：__________________________________________(2)主语+实意动词原形或三单肯定句：_____________________________________________否定句：_____________________________________________一般疑问句：_________________________________________特殊疑问句：__________________________________________【标志词】(1)sometimes/often/usually/always/hardlyever/never(2)everyday/week/month/year(3)onSunday/Monday(s)(4)onceaweek/twiceamonth【动词第三人称单数的构成方式】(1)__________________________________swim-swimslike-likes(2)__________________________________fix-fixespass-passeswash-washeswatch-watchesgo-goes(3)__________________________________study-studiesfly-flies(4)不规则变化 have-_______2.一般过去时【用法】(1)表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态:IstayeduplatewhenIwasinGrade9.(2)表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作:Myfatherusedtohaveawalkaftersupper.【句式结构】(1)主语+be的过去式肯定句：_____________________________________________否定句：_____________________________________________一般疑问句：_________________________________________特殊疑问句：__________________________________________(2)主语+实意动词过去式肯定句：_____________________________________________否定句：_____________________________________________一般疑问句：_________________________________________特殊疑问句：__________________________________________【标志词】__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【动词过去式的构成方式】(1)__________________________________jump-jumped climb-climbed(2)__________________________________like-liked dance-danced(3)__________________________________carry-carried study-studied(4)__________________________________carry-carried study-studied(5)不规则变化 feed________ forget________ become________ begin________ tell________ bring________ buy________ come________ blow________ teach________eat________ feel________ find________ get________ take________give________ build________ grow________ have/has________ stand________hear________ know________ make________ put________ run________say________ wear________ sit________3.现在进行时【用法】(1)表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。如:Listen,who’ssinging?(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态(但说话时这个动作不一定在进行)。Wearepreparingthefinalexaminationsthesedays.(3)瞬间动词(如come,go,leave,arrive,start,die等)用现在进行时表示将来。Bequick,thebusiscoming.【句式结构】(1)肯定句__________________________________________(2)否定句__________________________________________(3)一般疑问句______________________________________(4)特殊疑问句______________________________________【标志词】__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【动词第三人称单数的构成方式】一般在词尾直接加-ing。如:watch—___________,clean—___________。以不发音的e结尾的动词，先去e再加-ing。如:make—___________,come—___________。末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，双写末尾字母，再加-ing。如:cut—___________,run—___________。以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y再加-ing。如:lie—___________,tie—___________。4.一般将来时【用法】(1)willdo表示将来的动作或状态:HewillgototheUSAsoon.(2)begoingtodo表示准备或打算做某事或根据迹象表明“将会发生某事”:I'mgoingtovisitmyauntthisweekend.(3)bedoing表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情,常用这种结构的有come,go,leave,arrive,start等:HeisleavingfortheUSAsoon.【句式结构】(1)begoingto肯定句__________________________________________否定句__________________________________________一般疑问句______________________________________特殊疑问句______________________________________(2)will+do肯定句__________________________________________否定句__________________________________________一般疑问句______________________________________特殊疑问句______________________________________【拓展】1.现在进行时表将来时下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时：go,come,fly,leave,start,begin,finish,end,arrive等。E.g.SheisleavingforWuhantomorrow.2.一般现在时表将来下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。E.g.Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.【标志词】(1)nextweek/month/year(2)“in+一段时间”:inaweek/twodays/tenminutes(3)tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow(4)soon,in2030,attheendofthisyear,inthefuture

单项选择1.—Hi,Jack.NicetomeetyouhereinTaizhou.—Metoo.ButI__________youwereinShanghai.A.think B.thought C.amthinking D.willthink2.-WillyouseethefilmCinderellawithustonight?—No,I__________itlastweek.A.see B.haveseen C.saw D.amseeing3.—I__________tothecinemayesterday.—It'sapity.Youdidn'tinviteme.A.go B.went C.havegone D.goes4.—Whenwillwebeginourmeeting?—We’llbeginitwhenHelen__________.A.comes B.came C.willcome D.come5.—Anicecar!Isityours?—No,itisn't.I__________itfromafriendofminetwodaysago.A.borrow B.haveborrowed C.willborrow D.borrowed6.—Cathy,canyouanswerthedoor?I__________theroom.—I'mcoming,mum.A.clean B.cleaned C.havecleaned D.amcleaning7.—Youlookworried.What'swrong?—IwentforajobinterviewyesterdayandI__________theresult.A.waitedfor B.waswaitingfor C.amwaitingfor D.willwaitfor8.—WillTonygoskiingwithusthisSaturday?—Sorry,Idon'tknowifhe__________.ButIknowhe__________interestinsports.A.willgo;is B.goes;is C.goes;hasno D.willgo;hasno9.—Sir,Jennywantstoknowwhenshecanleavetheoffice.—Onlywhenshe__________copyingthisreport.A.finishes B.finish C.finished D.willfinish10.Don'tdisturbAllennow.He__________fortheSpellingBeecompetition.A.prepares B.prepared C.ispreparing D.willprepare11.—Linda,whatareyoudoing?—Iampracticingtheviolin.There_________anartfestivalnextweekatourschool.A.willbe B.willhave C.was D.has12.He_________verybusythisweek,andhe_________freenextweek.A.willbe;is B.is;is C.willbe;willbe D.is;willbe13.—_________you_________freetomorrow?---No.I_________freethedayaftertomorrow.A.Are;goingto;will B.Are;goingtobe;willC.Are;goingto;willbe D.Are;goingtobe;willbe14.Mother_________meanicepresentonmynextbirthday.A.willgives B.willgive C.gives D.give15.—Whereisthemorningpaper?—I_________itforyouatonce.A.get B.amgetting C.toget D.willget16._________aconcertnextSaturday?A.Therewillbe B.Willtherebe C.Cantherebe D.Arethere17.He_________tousassoonashegetsthere.A.writes B.haswritten C.willwrite D.wrote18.What_________ifit_________tomorrow?A.willhappen;doesn'train B.willhappen;isn'trainingC.happens;isn'train D.happens;isgoingtorain19.—WillhisparentsgotoseetheTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?—No,they_________.A.Theywilln’t B.theywon't C.theyaren't D.theydon't20.Tomorrowhe_________akiteintheopenairfirst,andthenhe_________boatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgo B.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoes D.flies;willgo二、综合填空hhave teach write show make1.Healways___________ane-mailtohispenpal.2.MissBlake___________usChinese3yearsago.3.—Idon'tknowhowtousethewashingmachine.—That'seasy.I___________youlater.4.IheardthatJim___________badcoldlastweek.5.—Lookatthebabies.—Oh,they___________amodelplanehappily.bringbring provide pass review celebrate1.Thehotelalways__________goodservicefortourists.2.Tea___________towesterncountriesinthe19thcentury.3.Allof___________theexam.Howhappyweare!4.Mike_______________hisgrandpa'sbirthdaynextSunday.5.CouldyoupleaseturndowntheTV?Yourbrother____________hislessons.三．语法填空Doyoueatriceeveryday?Riceisoneof1(important)foodforpeopleallovertheworld.Notallricelooksandtastes2same.Therearemanykindsofrice.About90percentofthericeisinAsiaandit3(help)tofeedonethirdoftheworld'spopulation.ScientistssaythatChinastartedgrowingriceabout3000to4000yearsago.Now,riceiscommonin4(people)dailymeals.Lotsofpeopleeatrice5leasttwiceaday.Feedingsomanypeopleisnoteasy6Chinahaslargepopulationwithlessfarmland(耕地).ThankstoYuanLongping,theFatherofHybridRice,hespentaboutfiftyyearsonitdayandnight.Hybridriceisastrongerplant,itmakes20%7(much)ricethananyotherkind.Today,halfofChina'srice8(plant)areYuan'sspecialhybridrice.HewontheWorldFoodPrizefor9(he)worktohelpfeedsomanypeople.ThoughthisChinesetopricescientist10(die)in2021attheageof91,wewi