【新教材】外研版（2024）八年级下册英语期末学情调研试卷（含答案）

第第页【新教材】外研版（2024）八年级下册英语期末学情调研试卷满分100分（不含听力口语30分）、考试用时100分钟；第I卷（客观题共45分）第一部分完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在答题卷上。WhenIwasthirteenyearsold,myfamilymovedfromasmalltowntoabigcity.Ihadtoleaveallmyoldfriendsbehind.Onmyfirstdayatthenewschool,Ifeltlikeaninvisible(看不见的)person.Noonetalkedtomeduringlunch.Noonechosemefortheirgroupinclass.Isataloneinthecorner,wishingIcould___1___backtomyoldlife.Thensomething___2___happenedduringthesecondweek.AboynamedMarcuscameuptomewhileIwaseatingmysandwichalone.“Hey,”hesaid.“Youlookpretty___3___overhere.Wanttojoinourtable?”IwassosurprisedthatIalmostdroppedmyfood.Forthefirsttimeindays,someoneactually___4___me.Marcusdidn’ttrytochangemeortellmetobemoreoutgoing.Hesimply___5___measIwas.Wefoundoutthatwebothloveddrawingcomicbooksandplayingthesamevideogames.Slowly,ImetmorepeoplethroughMarcus.Henever___6___metobepopularortoactlikesomeoneIwasn’t.Hejustlikedmeforme.Lookingback,IrealizethatMarcustaughtmesomething___7___.Truefriendshipisn’tabouthowmanypeopleyouknow.Itisn’taboutbeingtheloudestorthefunniest.Itisaboutfindingsomeonewho___8___youwithoutaskingyoutochange.Now,wheneverIseeanewstudentsittingalone,Iwalkoverandsaythesame___9___thatMarcussaidtome.Asimpleinvitationcanchangesomeone’swholeworld.Oneperson’skindnesscanbethelightthatleadsanotherpersonoutof___10___.Andsometimes,thatpersonbecomesafriendforlife.1.A．travelB．goC．turnD．run2.A．strangeB．terribleC．wonderfulD．dangerous3.A．braveB．boredC．excitedD．lonely4.A．noticedB．refusedC．forgotD．doubted5.A．treatedB．acceptedC．describedD．considered6.A．allowedB．taughtC．pushedD．invited7.A．uselessB．valuableC．commonD．simple8.A．supportsB．protectsC．understandsD．remembers9.A．storyB．wordsC．promiseD．excuse10.A．dangerB．troubleC．silenceD．darkness第二部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADoyouloveanimals?Doyouwanttospendyoursummerdoingsomethingmeaningful?TheWildAnimalRescueCentreislookingforyoungvolunteers!Whatwedo:Wetakecareofsick,injured,orabandonedwildanimals.Ourgoalistohelpthemrecoverandreturnthemtonature.Volunteertasks(forages12-16):-Cleaninganimallivingspaces(9:00-10:00a.m.)-Preparingfoodandfeedinganimals(10:30-11:30a.m.)-Helpingwithsimplemedicalcareunderstaffguidance(2:00-3:00p.m.)-Recordinganimalbehavior(3:30-4:30p.m.)Whatweoffer:-Achancetolearnaboutlocalwildlife-Hands-onexperiencewithanimalcare-Avolunteercertificateafter20hoursofwork-FreeT-shirtandwaterbottleTime:July15-August15,MondaytoFriday(9a.m.-5p.m.)Location:88GreenRoad,ForestDistrictContact:Call555-2789oremailvolunteer@Note:Allnewvolunteersmustattenda2-hourtrainingsessiononJuly14.11.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheWildAnimalRescueCentre?A．Tosellwildanimalstozoos.B．Tohelpwildanimalsgethealthyandgobacktonature.C．Totrainyoungpeopletobecomeveterinarians.D．Tostudythehabitsofwildanimals.12.Whatmustanewvolunteerdobeforestarting?A．BuyaT-shirtfromthecentre.B．Workforatleast20hoursaweek.C．AttendatrainingsessiononJuly14.D．Bringtheirownwaterbottle.13.Wherewouldyoumostlikelyfindthispassage?A．Inatravelguidebook.B．Onaschoolnoticeboard.C．Inasciencetextbook.D．Onarestaurantmenu.BEverySundayafternoon,twelve-year-oldPedrowalksthreeblockstothehomeofMrs.Chen,an80-year-oldwidowwholivesalone.Hedoesn’tgotheretoplayvideogamesorwatchtelevision.Hegoestheretoread.Itstartedsixmonthsago.Pedro’sschoolstarteda“CommunityConnections”program,askingstudentstospendonehoureachweekwithanelderlyneighbor.Pedrowasnervousatfirst.Whatwouldhetalkaboutwithsomeonesoold?Buthismotherencouragedhimtotry.ThefirsttimePedroknockedonMrs.Chen’sdoor,sheopeneditslowly.Hereyeslitupwhenshesawhim.“Avisitor!”shesaid.Theysatinherlivingroom,surroundedbyoldphotographsandbooks.Pedrodidn’tknowwhattosay,soheasked,“Doyoulikestories,Mrs.Chen?”Shesmiledandsaid,“Ilovethem.Butmyeyesaren’twhattheyusedtobe.Ihaven’treadabookintwoyears.”That’swhenPedrogotanidea.Heranhomeandgrabbedhisfavoritebook,acollectionofadventurestories.Hecamebackandsaid,“CanIreadtoyou?”Mrs.Chen’seyesfilledwithtears.“Iwouldlikethatverymuch,”shewhispered.Now,readingtoMrs.ChenhasbecomethebestpartofPedro’sweek.Hehasreadherthreewholebooks.Sometimestheylaughtogetheratfunnyparts.SometimesMrs.ChentellshimstoriesaboutherownchildhoodinShanghai.Pedrohaslearnedthatoldpeoplearenotsodifferentfromyoungpeople.Theybothneedfriendship.Theybothhavewonderfulstoriestoshare.Lastweek,Mrs.ChengavePedroasmallgift—abookmarkshehadmadebyhand.“Youhavegivenmebackthegiftofstories,”shesaid.Pedrosmiledandsaid,“No,Mrs.Chen.Yougavemethegiftofyourfriendship.”14.WhydidPedrofirstgotoMrs.Chen’shouse?A．Todohisschoolhomework.B．Totakepartinaschoolprogram.C．Toborrowsomeoldbooks.D．Tohelpcleanherlivingroom.15.HowdidMrs.ChenfeelwhenshefirstsawPedro?A．Surprisedandconfused.B．Sadandlonely.C．Happyandexcited.D．Nervousandworried.16.WhatcanwelearnaboutMrs.Chenfromthepassage?A．Sheusedtolovereadingbutnowhastroubleseeing.B．Shehasmanygrandchildrenwhovisitheroften.C．ShetaughtPedrohowtoplayvideogames.D．Shedoesn’tlikeadventurestories.17.Whatdoesthebookmarkrepresent(代表)inthestory?A．Mrs.Chen’sthanksforPedro’sfriendship.B．AtoolthatMrs.Chenusestoreadbooks.C．ArewardforPedro’sgoodgradesatschool.D．AreminderforPedrotoreturnherbooks.CEveryyear,millionsoftonsofplasticwasteendupintheocean.Thisplasticdoesnotdisappear.Instead,itbreaksdownintotinypiecescalledmicroplastics.Thesemicroplasticsaresmallerthanagrainofrice.Fishandotherseaanimalseatthembyaccident.Then,largeranimalseatthosefish.Eventually,theplasticparticlescanenduponourowndinnerplates.Scientistsareveryworriedaboutthisproblem.Microplasticshavebeenfoundintapwater,bottledwater,andevenintheairwebreathe.Butwhatcanordinarypeopledo?Theproblemseemstoobigforonepersontosolve.However,a15-year-oldstudentnamedHaileyfromFloridadecidedtotry.Shelearnedthatoneofthebiggestsourcesofmicroplasticsisthetinyfibersthatwashoffourclotheswhenwedolaundry.Manyclothesaremadeofpolyester,nylon,andacrylic.Everytimewewashthem,thousandsoftinyplasticfibersgodownthedrainandintothewatersystem.Haileyinventedasimpledevicecalledthe“CoraBall”.Theballlookslikeabumpy,texturedtoy.Youthrowitintoyourwashingmachine.Whenthemachineruns,theballcatchesmanyofthetinyplasticfibersbeforetheycangodownthedrain.Hailey’sinventionwonfirstprizeinanationalsciencecompetition.Now,acompanyismanufacturingtheCoraBall,andthousandsofpeopleareusingit.“Youdon’thavetobeanadulttomakeadifference,”Haileysaidinaninterview.“Smallactions,whenmultipliedbymillionsofpeople,canchangetheworld.”Scientistsagreethatthebestsolutionistoproducelessplasticinthefirstplace.Butwhileweworktowardthatgoal,inventionsliketheCoraBallcanhelpreducetheharm.Everypieceofplasticthatdoesn’treachtheoceanisasmallvictory.18.Whataremicroplasticsaccordingtothepassage?A．Plasticbagsthatareverysmall.B．Tinypiecesofplasticsmallerthanagrainofrice.C．Aspecialtypeofplasticthatdisappearsinwater.D．Plasticthatonlycomesfromwashingmachines.19.WhatproblemdidHaileytrytosolve?A．Peopleusingtoomanyplasticbags.B．Plasticfiberswashingoffclothesintowater.C．Fisheatingplastictoysintheocean.D．Factoriesproducingtoomuchplastic.20.HowdoestheCoraBallwork?A．Itcleanstheclotheswithoutusingwater.B．Itcatchesplasticfibersduringthewash.C．Itchangesplasticintosomethingharmless.D．Ittellsyouwhentostopthewashingmachine.21.WhatisthemainmessagethatHaileywantstoshare?A．Onlyscientistscansolveenvironmentalproblems.B．Youngpeopleshouldwaituntiltheygrowuptohelp.C．Everyone,evenateenager,canmakeadifference.D．Washingclothesisthebiggestcauseofpollution.DWhatifyoucouldtravelbackintime?Wherewouldyougo?WouldyouwatchthebuildingoftheGreatWall?WouldyousitbesideAlbertEinsteinashedevelopedhistheoryofrelativity?Orwouldyougobacktoyesterdayandfixthatmistakeyoumadeonthemathtest?Timetravelhasbeenapopulartopicinsciencefictionformorethanahundredyears.H.G.Wells’s1895novelTheTimeMachineintroducedtheideatotheworld.Sincethen,countlessbooks,movies,andTVshowshaveexploredthepossibilities.Butistimetravelactuallypossible?Theanswermightsurpriseyou.AccordingtoAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity,timeisnotthesameeverywhere.Itmovesslowerforobjectsthataremovingveryfast.Forexample,astronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationageslightlyslowerthanpeopleonEarth.Thiseffectiscalled“timedilation”.Scientistshaveprovenitwithextremelypreciseclocks.However,travelingbackwardintimeismuchmoredifficult.Mostphysicistsbelieveitisimpossible.Onefamousscientist,StephenHawking,performedasimpleexperimenttotestit.Hethrewapartyfortimetravelers.Butheonlyannouncedthepartyafterithadalreadyhappened.Theideawasthatiftimetravelersexisted,theycouldgobackandattendtheparty.Nooneshowedup.Eveniftravelingbackwardisimpossible,travelingforwardintimeisdefinitelyreal.Everytimeyoutakeaflight,youtravelintothefuture—justbyatiny,unmeasurableamount.Ifyoucouldtravelclosetothespeedoflight,youcouldjumpthousandsofyearsintothefutureinwhatfeltlikeonlyafewdaystoyou.Butthereisacatch.Youcouldneverreturntothetimeyouleft.Yourfriendsandfamilywouldbelonggone.So,wouldyoustillwanttotakethattrip?22.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Todescribehowtimemachineswork.B．Toencouragereaderstobuildatimemachine.C．Togetreadersinterestedinthetopicoftimetravel.D．Toarguethattimetravelisawasteoftime.23.Whatdoesthe“timedilation”effectprove?A．Timeisthesameeverywhereintheuniverse.B．AstronautsagefasterthanpeopleonEarth.C．Timemovesslowerforveryfast-movingobjects.D．Travelingbackwardintimeiseasytoachieve.24.WhydidStephenHawkingthrowapartyafterithadalreadyhappened?A．Hewantedtocelebratehisbirthdayalone.B．Hewastestingwhethertimetravelerswouldcomebacktoattend.C．Heforgottoinvitepeopleuntilthepartywasover.D．Hewantedtoprovethattimetravelispossible.25.Whatisthe“catch”oftravelingfarintothefuture?A．Itcoststoomuchmoney.B．Youcanneverreturntoyouroriginaltime.C．Youwillforgeteverythingfromyourpast.D．Itfeelsmuchlongerthanyouexpect.第三部分信息还原（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverstartedahobbyandthengivenupafterafewweeks?Youarenotalone.Manypeoplestruggletostickwithnewactivities.___26___Startsmall.Don’ttrytopracticetheguitarfortwohourseverydayifyou’veneverplayedbefore.___27___Fiveminutesadayisbetterthantwohoursonceaweek.Small,regularpracticebuildsahabit.Findabuddy.Doingsomethingwithafriendmakesitmoreenjoyableandhardertoquit.___28___Whenyoudon’tfeellikepracticing,yourbuddycanencourageyou.Andyoucandothesameforthem.Trackyourprogress.Keepasimplerecordofwhatyoudoeachday.___29___Seeinghowfaryou’vecomecangiveyouthepushtocontinue.Allowyourselftobebadatfirst.Beginnersarenotsupposedtobegood.ThefamousartistVincentvanGoghdidn’tpainthismasterpiecesuntilhislatetwenties.___30___Giveyourselfpermissiontolearnslowly.Perfectionisnotthegoalatthebeginning—progressis.Remember,everyexpertwasonceabeginner.Theonlydifferenceisthattheydidn’tstop.A．Youcanalsojoinacluboranonlinegroup.B．Hepaintedforyearsbeforehegotreallygood.C．Hobbiesaresupposedtobefun,notstressful.D．Herearesomesimplewaystohelpyoukeepgoing.E．Startwithjusttenminutesaday.F．Nevershareyourhobbieswithothers.G．Itcouldbeacalendarwhereyouputacheckmarkeachdayyoupractice.第II卷(主观题共55分)第四部分词汇运用（共13小题；每小题1分，满分13分）第一节根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。31.Mygrandmotheris85yearsold,butsheisstillvery________(活跃的)andhealthy.32.Theplanewill________(降落)atShanghaiPudongAirportintwentyminutes.33.Youneedtogeta________(护照)beforeyoucantraveltoanothercountry.34.Don’tforgetto________(锁)thedoorwhenyouleavethehouse.35.Thesoupneedsmores________.Ittastesabitplain.36.Ourclassisd________intofourgroupsforthescienceproject.37.—What’syourfavoritesubject?—IprefergeographybecauseIwanttolearnaboutdifferentc________andtheircultures.38.—Didyouwatchthenewslastnight?—No,Iwastoobusy.ButIplantoc________uponitonlinelater.第二节根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。passingbybrokedownliftedupkindnesspassingonAsmallactofkindnesscanchangeawholeday.LastTuesday,IwaswalkinghomefromschoolwhenIsawanelderlymansittingonabench.Helookedsadandtired.AsIwas________39________,Inoticedthatthewheelonhiswalkerhadcomeoff.Hecouldn’tgoanywhere.Iaskedifheneededhelp.Hesaidhehadbeensittingthereforanhour.Hisphonehad________40________,sohecouldn’tcallanyone.Ipickedupthewheel.Itlookedsimple,butIwasn’tsurehowtofixit.Justthen,awomanstopped.Shesawwhatwashappeningandcameover.“IthinkIcanhelp,”shesaid.Shetookasmalltoolfromherbagandhadthewheelbackoninlessthanaminute.Theoldman’sface________41________.“Thankyoubothsomuch,”hesaid.“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”Thewomansmiled.“Someonehelpedmyfatheroncewhenhewasintrouble,”shesaid.“I’mjust________42________whatwasgiventohim.”Thatsmallmomenttaughtmesomething.Theworldcanfeellikeacoldplacesometimes.But________43________iseverywhereifyoulookforit.Andthebestpartis,itgrowswhenyoushareit.第五部分短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(每空不超过三个单词)InasmalltowninEngland,therewasabooksellernamedMr.Thompson.Helovedbooksmorethananythingelseintheworld.Everymorning,heopenedhislittleshopat8o’clocksharp.Everyevening,heclosedat6.Inbetween,hehelpedcustomersfindtheperfectbook,recommendednew________44________(story)toyoungreaders,anddrankendlesscupsoftea.Oneday,ateenageboynamedLeowalkedintotheshop.Leodidnotlikereading.Hehadneverfinishedabookinhisentirelife.Hecamebecausehismother________45________(tell)himtofindagiftforhisyoungersister’sbirthday.“Ineedabook,”Leosaid,lookingatthefloor.“Butnotforme.Idon’tread.”Mr.Thompsondidnotlaugh.Hedidnotlooksurprised.Hesimplysaid,“That’sfine.Manypeopledon’t.ButcanIaskyou________46________question?Haveyoueverfoundtherightbook?”Leoshook________47________(he)head.“Thenyouhaven’tfailedatreading,”Mr.Thompsonsaid.“Thebooksjustfailedatfindingyou.”Leohadneverheardanythinglikethatbefore.Helookedaroundtheshop.Therewerethousandsofbooks.________48________(they)coversweredifferentcolors.Somewerethick.Somewerethin.“Comewithme,”Mr.Thompsonsaid.HeledLeotoasmallshelfinthebackcorner.“ThisiswhereIkeeptheadventurestories.Starthere.”HehandedLeoathinbookwithashiponthecover.“Takeithome,”Mr.Thompsonsaid.“Readthefirsttenpages.Ifyoudon’tlikeit,bringitback.Nocharge.”Thatnight,Leoreadthefirsttenpages.Thenhereadtwenty.Thenhereadfifty.Hestayeduppastmidnight,unabletoputthebookdown.Thenextmorning,heranbacktotheshop.Mr.Thompsonwasalreadythere,sweepingthefloor.“Ifinishedit,”Leosaid,________49________(breath)hard.“Doyouhaveanotherone?”Mr.Thompsonsmiled.Itwasthekindofsmilethatsaid,“Iknewit.”Fromthatdayon,Leobecamearegularvisitor.Hereadonebookafteranother.Hisgradesatschoolimproved.Hestartedwritinghisownshortstories.Andyears________50________(late),hebecameawriterhimself.Athisfirstbooksigningevent,ayoungfanaskedhim,“Howdidyoubecomeawriter?”Leosmiled.“Itallstartedwithabookseller________51________believedthateveryonejustneedstofindtherightbook.”HeneverforgotMr.Thompson.Theoldbooksellerhadtaughthimsomethingimportant:abookisnotjustpaperandink.Itisadoor.Andsometimes,allyouneedissomeone________52________(help)youfindthekey.Leo’sfirstbookwasanadventurestory.Inthefrontpage,hewrote:“ForMr.Thompson,whoopenedthedoor.”Thelittlebookshopisstilltheretoday.AndMr.Thompson,now________53________(old)thanbefore,stillrecommendsbookstoanyonewhowalksin.第六部分阅读表达（共3小题；1题2分，2题2分，3题3分，满分7分）请认真阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。Formostofherlife,16-year-oldMariahadbeenshy.Sheneverraisedherhandinclass.Sheatelunchalonebychoice.Shehadonefriend,herneighborSofia,andthatfeltlikeenough.Thenherschoolannounceda“CommunityServiceDay”.Everystudenthadtospendthedayhelpingsomewhereinthetown.Mariawasterrified.Shewasassignedtothelocalanimalshelter.“Ihavetotalktostrangersallday?”shethought.“Thisisgoingtobeadisaster.”Attheshelter,themanageraskedMariatohelpsocializethecats.“Whatdoesthatmean?”Mariaaskednervously.“Justsitwiththem.Petthem.Talktothem,”themanagersaid.“Catsdon’tjudgeyou.Theyjustneedcompany.”Mariasatdowninasmallroomwithsixcats.Atfirst,shedidn’tknowwhattodo.Shesatstill,herhandsinherlap.Thenasmallblackcatwalkedoverandrubbedagainstherleg.Withoutthinking,Mariareacheddownandgentlyscratchedbehinditsears.Thecatbegantopurrloudly.Forthenextfourhours,Mariatalkedtothatcat.Shetolditaboutherfearofspeakinginclass.Shetolditabouthowshefeltlonelysometimes,eventhoughshesaidshepreferredbeingalone.Thecatjustsatthere,listening,purring.Bytheendoftheday,Mariahadnamedthecat“Shadow”.Whenitwastimetoleave,themanagersaid,“Shadowhasbeenhereforsixmonths.Noonewantedtoadopthimbecausehe’sshy.Hehidesfromeveryone.Buttoday,hecameoutforyou.”SomethingclickedinMaria’sheart.Sheunderstoodsomethingshehadneverunderstoodbefore.Beingshywasn’taweakness.Itjustmeantsheconnectedwithothersdifferently.Andmaybe,justmaybe,shecouldbethepersonwhoreachedouttoothershycreatures—humanoranimal—whoneededsomeonetositwiththeminsilence.MariawenthomeandaskedherparentsifshecouldvolunteeratthesheltereverySaturday.Theysaidyes.Thatwastwoyearsago.Today,Mariaisstillshy.Butsheisalsotheshelter’sbestvolunteer,andShadowissleepingonherbedathome.54.WheredidMariahavetogoonCommunityServiceDay?________________________________________________________________________55.Whydidthemanagersay“Catsdon’tjudgeyou”toMaria?________________________________________________________________________56.WhatlessondidMarialearnaboutbeingshybytheendofthestory?(Pleaseuseyourownwords.)________________________________________________________________________第七部分书面表达（共1题；满分25分）57.假设你是某中学八年级学生张明。你的英国笔友Tom来信说，他最近因为沉迷手机游戏而感到困扰，学习成绩下降，也和父母发生了争吵。请你写一封回信，给他提出一些建议，帮助他摆脱困境。回信要点（可参考以下思维导图，也可自行补充）：-表达理解：承认手机游戏确实有趣，但过度沉迷有害。-具体建议：制定时间计划（例如：每天最多玩30分钟，或只在周末玩）。寻找替代活动（例如：运动、阅读、学一门乐器、和朋友外出）。与父母沟通（主动承认问题，请求帮助而非对抗）。-鼓励与祝福：相信他能改变，期待好消息。要求：1.信件格式正确，要点完整，可适当发挥。2.语法正确，语句通顺，书写整洁。3.字数不少于80词。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。4.不得出现真实的校名和人名。DearTom,Iwassorrytohearthatyouarehavingahardtimebecauseofphonegames._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________