Unit 4 定语从句课件 2022-2023学年（外研版2019必修第一册）

定语从句（1）

什么是定语？形容词介词短语不定式过去分词从句修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。1.akindgirl2.abookonthedesk3.Ihavesomethingtodo4.thefallenleaves5.theboywhoisverysmart01定语从句的定义目录CONTENT02定语从句的种类03关系词的作用和分类04如何选择关系代词1.定义1.Themoviewasreallymoving.Isawthemovielastyear.2.Tennishasmanyspecialterms.Specialtermsareusedtodiscussgames.3.Iateabowlofnoodles.Abowlofnoodlesincludesbeefandpotatoes.1.找到两句话的共同名词；2.保留主句名词，去掉从句名词；3.使用引导词将从句安在主句名词之后；

定语从句修饰______和______，且位于被修饰的名词和代词

。翻译为

，作用相当于一个

词。“...的”之后形容名词代词Weprefertomakefriendswhoshareourinterests.friends先行词关系词定语从句whoshareourinterests++TheactivitywhichItookpartinaimedtoimprovelearners’speakingandlisteningabilities.思考:如何划分主句与从句？

1.定义2.关系词Agoodfriendisapersonwhocomfortsus,andencouragesuswhenwearedisappointed.关系词的三个作用:1.连接作用：连接___句和定语从句。2.替代作用：替代_____词。3.成分作用：在定语从句中充当_____。（关系代词后的定从缺成分，关系副词后的定从不缺成分）成分主先行2.关系词关系词关系代词关系副词who,which,that,whom,whose在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。where,when,whyTheappleIateyesterdaywasreallysweet.Ievermetapersonwhowasquitefamous.IcannotforgetthedaywhenIfirstenteredseniorhigh.3.关系代词的选择that1.Thisunitthattalksaboutfriendshipisverymeaningful.2.Heisabrilliantscientistthatisrespectedbypeople.3.Thisisthesuitcasethatsheislookingfor.that既可以指

，也可以指

,在定语从句中常作___________。作宾语时可省略。主语或宾语人物1.Hehasagoodqualitywhichcontributestohisdevelopment.2.Sheboughtaspecialgiftwhichshedecidedtogivetoherfriend.which指___,在定语从句作___________。作宾语时可省略。物主语或宾语3.关系代词的选择which1.Samwhoisaddictedtoplayinggameshasn'tcompletedhiswork.2.TheboywhoItalkedwithjustnowisextremelyhardworking.3.TheassistantswhoIhaveareverycarefulandresponsible.who指_____，在定语从句中作___________，作宾语时可省略.人主语或宾语who3.关系代词的选择1.TheboywhomItalkedwithjustnowisextremelyhardworking.2.TheassistantswhoIhaveareverycarefulandresponsible.whom指____,作_____,可省略。可与who替换。人宾语whom3.关系代词的选择1.Thestorewhosedesignisveryuniqueattractsmanycustomers.2.Thelittlebabywhosesmileissweetisverypopular.whose通常指____，也可指____，在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，不可省略。人物3.关系代词的选择whose关系代词指人/物在定语从句中充当什么成分thatwhichwhowhomwhose宾语定语+n.人/物人主语/宾语物主语/宾语人/物主语/宾语人Summary做题方法——如何选择关系词：1.定位先行词及紧随其后的定从；2.判断定从是否缺成分；3.明确先行词指人还是物。宜用that,不用which的情况：1.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；Thisisthemostdeliciousfood_____Ihaveevereaten.2.当先行词是all,little,few,everything,anything等不定代词时；Tellmeeverything_______youknow.3.当先行词被theonly,thelast,thevery等修饰时；Theonything_____youcandoistobecarefulnexttime.4.当先行词既包含人，又包含物时；Sometimes,weshouldignorethepersonsandthings_____upsetus.关系代词的选择（特殊情况）不用that的情况：1.引导非限定性定语从句(人:who;物:which)；Football,_______isaninterestinggame,ispopulararoundtheworld.2.当关系词前面有介词时(人:whom;物:which)；Thisisthehousein_____Mr.Wuoncelived.Youshouldmakeeyecontactwiththepersonto____you’retalking.关系代词的选择（特殊情况）宜用who,不用that的情况：当先行词（指人）为anybody,anyone,nobody等不定代词时；Isthereanyoneinourclass____isgoodatsinging?1.ThegirlusuallyusesWetchattokeeptrackofherbestfriend,whichisaveryconvenientwaytomaintaintheirfriendships.2.Wecan'tgiveawayourpersonalinformationtothestrangerswhomaybethecriminals.4.定语从句的分类限制性定语从句描述重要信息。若省略，会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明的作用。若省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。定语从句中的主谓一致关