专升本英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷4

专升本英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷4

一、阅读理解（本题共25题，每题7.0分，共25分。）

Readingisthoughttobeakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetext.The

readerputsquestions,asitwere,tothetextandgetsanswers.Inthelightoftheseheputs

furtherquestions,andsoon.Formostofthetimethis"conversation"goesonbelowthe

levelofconsciousness.Altimes,however,webecomeawareofit.Thisisusuallywhen

wearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectationsand

meaning.Whensuccessfulmatchingisbeingexperiencedourquestioningofthetext

continuesattheunconsciouslevel.Differentpeopleconversewithtextdifferently.Some

stayveryclosetothewordsonthepage;otherstakeoffimaginativelyfromthewords,

interpreting,criticizing,analyzingandexamining.Theformerrepresentsakindof

comprehensionwhichiswritteninthetext.Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsof

comprehension.Thebalancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.

Thereisanotherconversationwhichfromourpointofviewisequallyimportant,andthat

istodonotwithwhatisreadbutwithhowitisread.Wecallthisa"process"

conversationasopposedtoa"content"conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaning

butwiththestrategies（策略）weemployinreading.Ifweareanadvancedreaderour

abilitytoholdacontentconversationwithatextisusuallyprettywelldeveloped.Notso

ourabilitytoholdaprocessconversation.Itispreciselythiskindofconversationthatis

ofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenewdemands

beingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.

1、Readingasakindofconversationbetweenthereaderandthetextbecomesconscious

onlywhen.

A^thereader'sexpectationsagreewithwhatissaidinthetext

B、thereaderhastroubleunderstandingwhattheauthorsays

C、thereaderasksquestionsandgetsanswers

D^thereaderunderstandsatextverywell

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第二段Formostofthetimethis"conversation"goesonbelowthe

levelofconsciousness.Attimes,however,webecomeawareofit.Thisisusually

whenwearerunningintodifficulties,whenmismatchisoccurringbetweenexpectations

andmeaning.此题的关键是读出allimes相当于题目中的when。

2、Atalowerlevelotcomprehension,readerstendto.

A、readatextslowly

B、readwithoutthinkinghard

C、interpretatextintheirownway

D、concentrateonthemeaningofwordsonly

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第三段Somestayveryclosetothewordsonthepage.故选D,

3、A"process"conversationhastodowith.

A、theapplicationofreadingstrategies

B、matchingourexpectationswiththemeaningofatext

C、thedevelopmentofourabilitytocheckthedetails

D、determiningthemainideaofatext

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文中第四段Wecallthisa"process^conversationasopposedtoa

“contenl“conversation.Itisconcernednotwithmeaningbutwiththeslralegies（策

略）weemployinreading.这里的关键是读出it指代的是processo

4、Accordingtothepassage,itisofgreatimportanceforreadersatahigherlevelto

maintainabalancebetween.

A、consciousandunconsciouslevelsofcomprehension

B、thereaders'expectationsandthemeaningofatext

C、lowerandhigherlevelsofcomprehension

D、interpretingandcritici/ingatext

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第三段Thelatterrepresentshigherlevelsofcomprehension.The

balancebetweentheseisimportant,especiallyforadvancedreaders.这里的advanced

reader即是题目中的readersatahigherlevelo

5、Ifwewanttodevelopourreadingabilityatanadvancedlevel,weshould.

A、learntousedifferentapproachesinreadingdifferenttexts

B、makeourreadingprocessmoreconscious

C、paymoreattentiontothecontentofatext

D^takeacriticalattitudetowardstheauthor'sideas

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章最后一段最后一句Itispreciselythiskindofconversationthatisof

importancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenewdemandsbeing

placeduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.故A对。

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,andbothstudyhuman

behavior.However,psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,whereassociologyis

thestudyofgroupbehavior.Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividual

mighlhaveinsocialinleraclionwithotherindividuals,bulihemainconcernofsociology

isihewaysihaldilferenisocieiieswithdilTereniculturesdealwilheachoiher.Sociology

asksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydoesonesocietyprogressrapidlyand

anotheroneremainprimitiveforcenturies?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutionina

society?Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?Psychologyasksandtriesto

answerquestionslikethese;whydoesanindividualadapteasilytoachanging

environmentandanotherindividualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesof

antisocialbehavior?Whatroledocsreligionorartplayinanindividual'smentaland

emotionallife?Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyofhuman

behavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividualmotivationandbehavior,

morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationandbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:

ifscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

6、Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A、PsychologyandSociology

IndividualandGroup

C、HumanBehaviorStudy

D^MainConcernsofSocialSciences

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章第一段讲了心理学和社会学的定义及区别，第二段重点讲社会

学，第三段重点讲心理学，最后一段讲两者之间的合作互利。故A对。

7、Whichofthefollowingquestionsistheconcernofpsychology?

A、Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?

B、Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?

C>Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?

D、Whydoesonesocietyprogressmorerapidlythananother?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第三段Psychologyasksandtricstoanswerquestionslike

these：...Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?讲的都是心理学所涉猎的内容，

所以选C。A、B、D项所述都是社会学研究的内容。

8、Accordingtotheauthor,.

A、psychologyandsociologybenefitfromeachother'sresearch

B、toomuchemphasisonpsychologymaycausesocialproblems

C>lliustudyofgroupbcliaviuristheiiilereslofpsyuliologisls

D、differentsocietieswithdifferentculturescannotgetalongwell

标准答案：A

知识点解析:由文章的第四段Psychologyandsociobgyoftenworktogetherintheir

studyofhumanbehavior…及其后面的内容可知，研究个体对团体的行为研究有利，

而研究团体也对个体的行为研究有利。因此选A。

9、Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof"reverse"inthelastsentenceis.

A、consequence

B、result

C、opposite

D、implication

标准答案：C_

知识点解析：由文章最方一段最后两句Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstanding

individualmotivationandbehavior,morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationand

behavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed：ifscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocialgroups,

theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.可知，这两句讲的是相互对立的两个方面，故

reverse前后假设的条件和结果正好相反。故C对。

10、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A、Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

B、Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C、Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

D^Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthantogroups.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第一段psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,whereas

sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblems

anindividualmighthaveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals可知A、C、D正

确,mentalproblem是psychology所研究的对象,故选B。

CanalsexistedinEgyptthousandsofyearsago.ThegreatcanalatBabylonwasbuilt

about2000B.C..TheGrandCanalofChina,whichisover900mileslong,wasbegun

about2500yearsago,andtookcenturiestofinish.Duringtheseventeenthcentury,

Francebuiltmanycanalsthatarestillinusetoday.However,theyarenotsoheavily

traveledastheywereahundredyearsago,beforerailwayswerebuilt.Onesuchcanalisa

short-cutbetweentheAtlanticOceanandtheMediterranean.CanalsinGermanyperniit

boatstogofromtheBlackSeatotheNorthSea.TheKielCanalprovidesapassagev/ay

betweentheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.InAmerica,theGreatLakesareallconnectedby

canals,enablingshipstogofromtheAtlanticOceanandtheSt.LawrenceRivertoLake

Superior.Itisimpossibletoanswerthequestion,"Whobuiltthefirstcanal?"Perhaps

somepeoplelongago,livinginadrycountry,discoveredthattheycoulddigditchesto

irrigatetheirfieldswithriverwater.And,naturally,inthedayswhenboatswerethemost

importantmeansoftransport,canalsweretheeasiestmeansofreachingaplacethatwas

notonariver.Acanaljoiningtworiversprovedbotheasyandtime-savingforboat

travel.Today,mostcountriesintheworldhavecanals.Eveninthetwentiethcentury,

goodscanmovemorecheaplybyboatthanbyanyothermeansoftransport.Some

canals,suchastheSuezorthePanama,saveshipsweeksoftimebymakingtheirvoyage

athousandmilesshorter.Othercanalspermitboatstoreachcitiesthatarenotlocatedon

thecoast.Stillothercanalsdrainlandswherethereistoomuchwater,helptoirrigate

fieldswherethereisnotenough,water,andfurnishwaierpowerforfactoriesandmills.

11、Whichofthefollowingpairsofplaceshasnotyetbeenconnectedbycanal?

A^TheNorthSeaandtheBlackSea.

B、TheAtlanticOceanandtheMediterraneanSea.

C、TheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.

D、TheBlackSeaandtheBaltic.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第一段Onesuchcanalisashort-cutbetweentheAtlanticOceanand

theMediterranean.CanalsinGermanypermitboatstogofromtheBlackSeatothe

NorthSea.TheKielCanalprovidesapassagewaybetweentheNorthSeaandthe

Baltic.这里提到了TheNorthSeaandtheBlackSea»TheAtlanticOceanandthe

MediterraneanSea,TheNorthSeaandtheBaltic.但没有TheBlackSeaandthe

Baltic.故选D。

12、Accordingtothispassage,canalsinEuropewerebuiltprimarilyfor.

A、transport

BNirrigation

C、drainage

D、electricity

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由文章第一段第五句However,theyarenotsoheavilytraveledasthey

wereahundredyearsago,beforerailwayswerebuilt.和第二段最后一句Acanal

joiningtworiversprovedbotheasyandtime-savingforboattravelnJ知A对。

13、Itisimpliedinthepassagethatthefirstcanalwasprobablybuilt.

A、inChina

B、about2000B.C.

C、forirrigation

D、forboattravel

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第二段Perhapssomepeoplelongago,livinginadrycountry,

discoveredthattheycoulddigditchestoirrigatetheirfieldswithriverwater.可知C。

14、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothispassage?

A、Boatstravelfasterinthecanalthanintheriver.

B、Canalsmakethevoyageofshipsshorter.

C、Canalsarestillusedforthedeliveryofgoods.

D、Canalsprovideameansofcheaptransportationeventoday.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：只有A是文中没有提到的。

15、Themainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageismostprobablyto.

A、discussthedevelopmentofcanalsintheworld

B、introducethehistoryofimportantcanalsintheworld

C、illustratetheusefulnessofcanals

D、suggestthenecessitytomakebetteruseofcanals

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章列举了运河在历史上和现今的地位和作用，故C正确。

Psychologyandsociologyarebothcategorizedassocialsciences,andbothstudyhuman

behavior.However,psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,whereassociologyis

thestudyofgroupbehavior.Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblemsanindividual

mighthaveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals,butthemainconcernofsociology

isthewaysthatdifferentsocietieswithdifferentculturesdealwitheachother.Sociology

asksandtriestoanswerquestionslikethese:whydocsonesocietyprogressrapidlyand

anotheroneremainprimitiveforcenturies?Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutionina

society?Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?Psychologyasksandtriesto

answerquestionslikethese:whydoesanindividualadapteasilytoachanging

environmentandanotherindividualbecomementallydisturbed?Whatarethecausesof

antisocialbehavior?Whatroledoesreligionorartplayinanindividual'smentaland

emotionallife?Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheirstudyofhuman

behavior.Itisassumedthatbybetterunderstandingindividualmotivationandbehavior,

morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationandbehavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed:

ilscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocialgroups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.

16>Whatwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A、PsychologyandSociology

B、IndividualandGroup

C、HumanBehaviorStudy

D、MainConcernsofSocialSciences

标准答案:A

知识点解析：文章第一段讲了心理学和社会学的定义及区别，第二段重点讲社会

学，第三段重点讲心理学，最后一段讲两者之间的合作互利。故A对。

17、Whichofthefollowingquestionsistheconcernofpsychology?

A^Whatistheroleofreligionorartinasociety?

B、Whatisthemainreasonforrevolutioninasociety?

C、Whatarethecausesofantisocialbehavior?

D^Whydocsonesocietyprogressmorerapidlythananother?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第三段Psychologyasksandtriestoanswerquestionslike

these：...Whatarcthecausesofantisocialbehavior?讲的都是心理学所涉猎的内容，

所以选C。A、B、D项所述都是社会学研究的内容。

18、Accordingtotheauthor,.

A^psychologyandsociologybenefitfromeachother'sresearch

B>toomuchemphasisonpsychologymaycausesocialproblems

C^thestudyofgroupbehavioristheinterestofpsychologists

D^differentsocietieswithdifferentculturescannotgetalongwell

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由文章的第四段Psychologyandsociologyoftenworktogetherintheir

studyofhumanbehavior…及其•后面的内容可知，研究个体对团体的行为研究有利,

而研究团体也对个体的行为研究有利。因此选A。

19、Awordwhichcantaketheplaceof"reverse"inthelastsentenceis.

A、consequence

result

C、opposite

D^implication

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由文章最后一段最后两句】lisassumedthatbybetterunderstanding

individualmotivationandbehavior,morewillbelearnedaboutgroupmotivationand

behavior.Thereverseisalsoassumed：ifscientistscanlearnmoreaboutsocial

groups,theywilllearnmoreaboutindividuals.可知，这两句讲的是相互对立：的两个

方面，故reverse前后假设的条件和结果正好相反。故C对。

20、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINO1true?

A、Bothpsychologyandsociologystudyhumanbehavior.

Mentalproblemsshouldbedealtwithbyasociologist.

C、Sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior.

D、Psychologypaysmoreattentiontoindividualsthantogroups.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第一段psychologyisthestudyofindividualbehavior,whereas

sociologyisthestudyofgroupbehavior和Psychologydealswiththepossibleproblems

anindividualmighthaveinsocialinteractionwithotherindividuals可知A、C、D正

确，menialproblem足psychology所研究的对象，故选B。

Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabouthowcomputerswork,just

asweexpectthematleasttounderstandthattheinternal-combustionengine（内燃机）has

somethingtodowithburningfuel,expandinggasesandpistons（活塞）beingdrive.For

peopleshouldhavesomebasicideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo.

Further,studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsidersthecomputer'simpacton

society.Butthatisnotwhatismeantbycomputerliteracy.Forcomputerliteracyisnota

formofliteracy（读写能力）；itisatradeskillthatshouldnotbetaughtasaliberalart.

Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogramonearetwodistinct

activities.Acasemightbemadeihaithecompeienicitizensoftomorrowshouldfree

themselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.Butthisisquitedifferentfromsayingthatall

oughttoknowhowtoprogramone.Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosenprogramming

asacareenwhileprogrammingcanbelotsoffun,andwhileoursocietyneedssome

peoplewhoareexpertsatit,thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin-making.Learning

howtousecomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasierallthetimeasprograms

becomemore"user-friendlyLetusassumethatinthefutureeveryoneisgoingtohave

toknowhowtouseacomputertobeacompetentcitizen.Whatdoesthephrase"learning

touseacomputer'1mean?Itsoundslike"learningtodriveacar",thatis,itsoundsasif

thereissomesetofdefiniteskillsthat,onceacquired,enableonetouseacomputer.In

fact,“learningtouseacomputer"ismuchmorelike"lcai'ningtoplayagame,“but

learningtherulesofonegamemaynothelpyouplayasecondgame,whoserulesmay

nolbe【hesame.Thereisnosuchathingasteachingsomeonehowtouseacomputer.

Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthatprogramandgenerallythatiseasily

accomplished.

21、Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould.

A、trytolayasolidfoundationincomputerscience

B、beawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo

C^learntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskills

D、understandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessentialthanrepairingacar

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据第二段Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogram

oneare