2025年北京首师大附中高二（下）开学考英语试卷含答案

项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读2.WhatisthewomanprobaA.Askingforhelp.B.Makinganappointmen3.WhatdoesthemanwA.Bored.B.Curious.C.Disappoint项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每A.Achocolatecake.B.A7.What’stheprobablerelationship8.Wheredoestheconversationp9.HowlongdoesoverA.About2weeks.B.10.WhathasthewomanbeenDon’tforgetbootsandjacketswhengoingtoItwasaSaturdaymorning.JamesandIwereattThefirststepwassettingupthestructureforholdingt 1thebambootobeofuse,whichwasadelicatejob.Therfindingpiecesthatwerethecolorwewantedwasjustasimportant.Therestoftheafternoonwasspent3eachpieceoftheframeintotflexible,andthisparticular4meantthatsomeadjustmentswerethatitwasalright.TherewasjustenoughspacetofiOnSundaymorningwereturnedtotheworkshoptocompletethefinal7.Webegantotightlyeachjointontheframe,tokeepit8withtodry.InafewhourswewouldbeofficialmembersofFinallywefinishedourjob.Icouldn’twaitto9ourbicycletofindoutwhatitwasreallyliketorideabamboobicycle.Itfeltjustas10asanybicycle,butsofterandmorerelaxed.ourbicycle,Ican’thelpsmiling.ItremindsmeofwhenJamesandIbuiltitandmakesmeproudofmyself.1.A.returnB.coverC.deliver2.A.bringinB.watchforC.takeoverD.giveaway3.A.fixingB.changingC.leavingD.mixing4.A.angleB.positionC.qualityD.stage5.A.onlyB.almostC.seldom6.A.checksB.requestsC.preparationsD.links7.A.reportB.commandC.judgementD.process8.A.smoothB.heavyC.firmD.slim9.A.chargeB.testC.seek10.A.complicatedtraditionalChinesefestival,12(celebrate)fortimewhenfamiliesreunite,13(share)deliciousthoroughlytosweepaDuringtheSpringFestival,varioustraditionadance16(perform)inthestcanreceiveluckymoneyinredetraditionalhandicrafts,localsnacksandfolkperformThesuccessfulinscriptionoftheSpringFestivalontheWorldHervaluebutalsohelpstopromotecountriesandregions19(understand)andappoftheSpringFestival.WitfutureandcontinuetopassonitsrichcultAShayasked,“Doyouthinkthey’llletmeplay?”Shay’sfatherknewthatsomeonelikeShayontheirteam,butthefatheralsounderstoodthatifhisson,mentallyandphwereallowedtoplay,itwouldgivehimamuch-neededsenseofbelonginShay’sfatherapproachedoneoftheboysontonourteamandwe’lltrytoputhimintobatinthefinalinning.”Shaystruggledovertotheteam’sbenchandputonateamshirtwithabroadsmileandhisfatherhadasmalltearinhiseyeandwarmthinheart.Theboyssawthefather’sjoyathissonbeingaccepted.Inthebottomoftheeighthinning,Shay’steamscoredafewrunsbutwasstillbehindbythree.Inthetopofthefinalinning,Shayputjoyfuljusttobeinthegameandonthefield.Inthebottomofthefinalinning,Shay’steamscoredagain.Now,Surprisingly,Shaywasgiventhebat.cameandShaymissed.Thepitchcamein,ShayswungattheballandhitaThepitchercouldhaveeasilythrowntheballtothefirstbasemawouldhavebeentheendofthegame.Instead,thepitcherthrewtheballrightovertheheadofthefirstbaseman,beyondthereachofallteammates.Theaudienceandtheplayersfrombothtefirst!”NeverinhislifehadShayeverrunthatfarbutmadeEveryoneshouted,“Runtosecond!”Catchinghisbreath,ShayShayroundedtowardssecondbase,thesmallestgthefirsttime,couldhavethrowntheballtothesecondbaseman,butheunderstoodthepitchtoo,intentionallythrewtheballhighandfaroverthethirdbaseman’shead.rantohelphimandshohome!”Shayrantohome,steppedonthehomebaseandThatday,theboysfrombothteamshelpedbringapieceoftmakeittoanothersummeranddiedthatwinter,happyandcominghomeandseeinghismothertearfullyhugherlittleherooftheday!21.Inthebottomofthefinalinning,Shaywasgiventhebatbecausetheboys.B.wouldliketohelD.believedtheyweresuretowinth22.WhichofthefollowinghasnothingtodowithShay’sbecomingtheA.Oneoftheopposingplayersrantohelphim.B.ThepitcherdidnotthrowtheballtothefirstC.TheopposingplayersfailedtostophisruD.Theaudienceandtheplayersfrombothteam23.Whatdoyouthinkisthethemeofthestory?A.TruehumannaturecouldberealizedinthewaywetB.EveryonecandevelophisteamspiritinsportsandpC.Theresultsofthegameshouldnotbetheonlyconcernoftheplayers.D.Everyonehashisownstrengthevenifmentallyorphysicallydisabled.BAstherailroadsandthehighwaysshapedtheAmericMuchoftherealsignificanceofrailroadsandhighwaysisnotintheirdirectwaysthattheyaffectthesuuroudingcommunity.Thesameistrlaiddowmtomoveeleavingpubliclandinbetweenprivatelyownedland.developedwhileothersremainedundeveloped,andinbothcatolandmanagement.Withthecompletionoftheinterstatehighwaysystem,manyofthesmalltowns,whichupasrailwaystopsanddevelopedwell,havelosttheiBigsolarplantsandtheirpowerlineswillalsohaveeffectnotanargumentagainstbuildingthem.WeneedalternatobeabletomoveelectricityaroundfarmorereadilythanSotrade-offswillhavetobemademove,orwillbecarefullymovedtospecialaccommodations.DealswillbestThelastingeffectsofthesetrade-offsareanothermatter.The21stcenturydeveloanidealplaceforalternativeenergyisgoingtothrowoffalotofpowerandmforthatpowerandmoneytodoalotofgood.Butitisjustaslikelythattheywillbespentwastefunewproblemsbehind,justliketherailroadandthehighway.Themoneysetasideinnegottheimmediatefootprintofpowerplantsandtransmissionlines.Solet’sremembertheeffectsoftherailroadsandthehighwaysasweconstructthesenewpowerplantsintheWest.24.Whatwastheproblemcausedbytheconstructionoftherailways?A.SmalltownsalongtherailwaysD.Landgrantswentintoprivateh25.WhatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasA.ThetransmissionofpowerB.TheuseofmoneyandpowerC.TheconservationofsolarenergyD.Theselectio26.whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbuildingsolarplants?A.CautiousB.ApprovingC.Doubtfu27.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?C.HowtheEffectsofPowerPlantsCanBeReducedD.HowtheProblemsoftheHighwaysHaveBeenSettledCHollywood’stheorythatmachineswithevil(邪恶)mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsillproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960afieldofcybernetics（控制论）,putitthisway:“Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干预),wehadbetterbequitesurethatthemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire.”Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-born,humans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsorigdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesinglsuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldastheThepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomSomeresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately,thatplahaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinSolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshoulddismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.longastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff”asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.Stillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentconfidence,“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”28.Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificiaA.runoutofhumancontrolB.satisfyhuman’srealdesiresC.commandarmiesofkillerrobotsD.workfasterthanamathemat29.MachineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightA.preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroB.achievetheiroriginalgoalsindepenC.doanythingsuccessfulD.beathumansininternationalchessma30.Accordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallstoA.helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetterB.besecureagainstevilhumanC.keepmachinesfrombeingha31.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A.ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.B.ItwillgetworsewithhumaninterferC.Itwillbesolved根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余Claustrophobia,orfearofenclosedspaces,isoneofthemostcommonfears.ClaustorevenpanicasaresultClaustrophobiacandevelopafteratrduringachildhoodgame),orfrbeingstuckinalift).32Thisresponsethenbecomesprograbetweenbeinginatightspaceandfeelinganxiousorout-AccordingtoMarkPowers,Ph.D.,AssociateProfessorofPsychologyatSouthernMeth“Claustrophobiaisaspecificfearandnotatypeofpanicdisorder.Theprimaryspecificdangerforecastsclaustrophobiaarethateitherthepersonwillbetrappedorrunoutofair.” 33Claustrophobiasymptomscaninclude:sweating,acceleralight-headedness,shaking,breathingproblSomecommonsituationscancauseanforanexitwheninsidearoom,avoiddrivingonthehighwayormajorroadswherethereisheavytrafficwhenClaustrophobiacanhaveharmfulsocialandpsychologicaleffects,inwhichshethinksshewillhavean 35AccordingtoDr.Powers,“Exposuretreatment,aformofmind-behavioraltreatment,usuallyresultsinatotalreductioninanxietysymptomsifconductedproperly.”Floodingisatypeofexposuretreatmentinwhichthepersonisexposedtoapasses;alessextremeformofexposuretreatmentiscounter-conditioning.Counterconditioninginclutreatment,asthepersonistaughtvisualizationandrelaxationtechniquesbeforebeingslowlyreintroducedtocausesituation. 36MedicationstohelptreatclaustrophobiaincludethingswhichhelptoeaseassociatedwithanxieA.ThegoodnewsisthatclaustrophobiaisverytrB.Thepastexperiencecantracebacktothemomentofbirth.C.Accordingtosomedoctors,claustrophobiaisworsethanthefearofheights.D.WhenapersonexperiE.Inextremecases,theverysightofacloseddoorcanleadtF.TreatmentforclaustrophobiacanalsoincludG.Whenapersonwithclaustrophobiafindsherselfinarestrictedspace,herbodyrespondsinIn1983,HowardGardner,aprofessoratHarvard,publishedFramesofMind:TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences.Inthebook,hepresentedonetypeofintelligencethateveryonemustdevelopiftheywanttobesuccessful.ThatisemotionaEmotionalintelligencereferstotheabilitytoidentifyandregulaunderstandingofyourself,knowingyourownstrengthsandweaknesses,andhandlingreactionsandemotionswisely.Emotionalintelligenenvironments,forexample,whentimesaretoughaWeallknowhighlyemotionalpeople.Ratherthanreactwisely,thoftensayingordoingsomethingtheymaargumentswithlovedonesovertrivialstuffbecausetheyhavedifferentopinions.ThisinabilitytomleadstomanystrugglesandheartachesfoEmotionalintelligencedoesnotmeanbeingvoid(没有)ofemotions.Itmeansyouknowitisoknameofrevenge(报复).Manyofusknowpeoplewhoareveryintelligent,butallowtheiremotionstodamageNow,reflectonhowyo