2025~2026学年江苏泰州中学度第二学期期中考试高二英语试卷

2025~2026学年江苏泰州中学度第二学期期中考试高二英语试卷一、阅读理解WasAlbertEinsteinalonegeniuswhoreshapedphysicsentirelyonhisown?Anewbook,AboutTime:FreeCreationsoftheHumanMind,byhistoriansDianaBuchwaldandMichaelGordin,challengesthispopularimage.Theauthorsarguethatthe“solitarygenius”islargelyamyth—andEinsteinisnoexception.Whileacknowledginghisextraordinarybrilliance,theyshowthatEinsteinalwaysworkedwithinabroaderscientificcommunity.Hisspecialtheoryofrelativity,forexample,builtupontheresearchofHendrikLorentzandHenriPoincaré.HisexplanationofthephotoelectriceffectdrewfromMaxPlanck’sworkonenergyquanta.EvenhisjobattheSwissPatentOffice,oftenromanticizedasanintellectualexile(放逐),actuallykepthimconnectedtocutting-edgeelectricaltechnologies.Thebookalsoclearsupseveralmyths.Einsteinwasnotapoorstudent;heexcelledinmathematics.Thereisnoevidencethathestoleideasfromhisfirstwife,MilevaMarić,thoughshewasacapablephysicist.Hisfamousabandonmentof“absolutetime”wasabravecombinationofexistingpuzzles,notaboltfromtheblue.Whatmakesthisbiographyparticularlyvaluableisitsbalancedtreatment.TheauthorsneitherworshipEinsteinnorseekto“expose”him.Instead,theyplacehimfirmlywithinhishistoricalandsocialcontext,showingthateventhegreatestscientificmindsrelyoncollaborationandpriorwork.Conciseyetinsightful,AboutTimeoffersarefreshingcorrectivetothetiredmythofthelonelygenius.1.WhatisthemainargumentofAboutTime?

A．Einsteinwasnottrulybrilliant.B．Einstein’stheorieswereoverrated.C．Einsteinstoleideasfromhiswife.D．Einsteinreliedonascientificcommunity.2.WhydoestheauthormentionEinstein’spatentofficejob?

A．Toshowhefailedasateacher.B．Toprovehewassociallyisolated.C．Toargueitwasintellectuallybeneficial.D．Tocontrastitwithotherscientists’jobs.3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthebook’sauthors?

A．TheytrytodevalueEinstein’sstatus.B．Theyvaluecollaborationinscience.C．TheyfocusonEinstein’sweaknesses.D．Theyrejectoriginalityinresearch.4.Howisthebookrevieworganized?

A．Bypresentingamythandthenchallengingit.B．Bysummarizingthebookchapterbychapter.C．BycomparingittootherEinsteinbiographies.D．Bycriticizingthebookbeforepraisingit.OnTecofreddag,Swedishfamiliestoptheirtacoswithpineapple,cucumber,nutsandayogurtsauce.Thatisjustonewaytheworldenjoysthisbelovedhand-heldfood.Butbeforetacosbecameaninternationalhit,theytooktheirfirstfoldsinMexico.AuthenticMexicantacosusefreshtortillasmadefromgroundcornorwheat,dependingontheregion.CornhaslongbeencentraltoMexicantradition,whilewheatwasfavoredbytheinvadingSpanishduetoitsreligion.ThewordtacomaycomefromtheAztectlahco,meaning“half”or“inthemiddle.”However,historianJeffreyPilcherarguesthatthenamemorelikelytracesbackto18th-centuryMexicansilverminers,whousedtacotodescribethepaperwrappingsaroundgunpowder.TacosarrivedintheUnitedStateswithMexicanimmigrantswhocametoworkinminesandbuildrailroads.ThefirstwrittenmentionoftacosinaU.S.newspaperappearedin1905,whentacoswerestilllargelyaworking-classfoodsoldatstreetstandsintheSouthwest.Thefirsttacorestaurant,ElCholo,openedinLosAngelesin1923.TacoBellfollowedin1962,atatimewhenmostAmericanswereunfamiliarwithtacos.ByadaptingtacostotheAnglopalate,TacoBellmadethemaccessibleandaffordable,leadingtoworldwideexpansion.Tacoscanbefilledtosuitanytaste.Regionalfavoritesrangefrombarbacoa(barbecuemeat)tocarneasada(steak)topescado(fish).AftertheSpanishintroducedpigstotheYucatáninthe16thcentury,cochinitapibil(slow-cookedpork)tacosemerged.Later,Lebaneseimmigrantsbroughttheirowntradition,whichgaverisetotacosalpastor—madewithporkandpineapple.Perhapsthebestthingabouttacosisthattheycanbewhateveryouwantthemtobe.Whicheverwaytheyarefilled,theyarewellworththemessyouwilllikelymakeasyoubiteintothem.5.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSwedishversionoftacosatthebeginning?

A．Toshowthattacoshavebeenadaptedtolocaltastes.B．ToprovethattacosaremorepopularinEuropethaninAmerica.C．TocompareSwedishandMexicanfoodcultures.D．Toexplaintheoriginofthephrase“TacoTuesday.”6.AccordingtoJeffreyPilcher,theword“taco”mostlikelycamefrom______.

A．theAzteclanguageB．SpanishreligioustermsC．MexicanminingindustryD．Lebanesecookingtraditions7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutTacoBellfromthepassage?

A．ItwasthefirstrestauranttoservetacosintheUS.B．Ithelpedintroducetacostonon-MexicanAmericans.C．ItstrictlyfollowsauthenticMexicantacorecipes.D．ItoriginatedinSwedenbeforeexpandingglobally.8.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtacos“canbewhateveryouwantthemtobe”?

A．Tacosareeasytomakeathome.B．Tacoshavealongandcomplexhistory.C．Tacosarepopularinmanydifferentcountries.D．Tacoscanbefilledwithawidevarietyofingredients.Fromartificialintelligencealgorithmsthatspotearlycancers,tothe“doctor-in-your-pocket”smartphonevideoconsultation,astringofnext-generationhealthcaretechnologiesarebeingunveiledatarapidrate.Suchinnovationshavebroughthugebenefitstomillionsofpatients.Buttheadvantagesofsuchdigitizationarenotdistributedequally.Imaginethistypicalcase.DorothyandBillareretiredfactoryworkersintheirmid-70s.Oneday,anemailcomesthroughinvitingBillforhisannualhealthcheck.Butthesubjectlineisunclearandthemessageisimpersonalandhardtofollow.Asthecouplehaveonlyeverreceivedemailsfromtheirdaughterbefore,theyassumethismessageisjunkmailanddeleteit.Theresult:Billmisseshischeck-upandrunsoutofbloodpressuremedication.Tonavigatethedigitalhealthspace,peoplelikeDorothyandBillwillneednotonlybettertechnology,butalsothetechnicalskillstooperateit,suchasbeingcomfortabletyping,usingamouseandinteractingwithdrop-downmenus.Alsokeyis“informationliteracy”theabilitytorecognisewheninformationisneeded(likeanoldaddressorlogincode)andhowtoprovideit.Thenthere’s“healthliteracy”—theabilitytofind,understandandusehealthinformationandonlinehealthservices.However,asamajorUniversityofOxfordanalysisshowed,themoremarkersofdisadvantageapersonhas(lowincome,olderage,tolistafew),themoredifficultthey’llfindaccessingdigitalservices.Sadly,suchinequalitiesarenothingnew.Infact,itwas53yearsagothatBritishdoctorJulianTudorHartfirstproposedthe“inversecarelaw”,aprinciplethatarguedpeoplemostinneedofhealthcare(thepoor,thelesswell-educated,theolder,thesicker)areleastlikelytoreceiveit.Thedigital“inversecarelaw”hasnosimplesolutions.Thoselackingthenecessarydigitalskillsmaybewillingtovisitalibraryforcomputertraining,buttheyshouldn’tbethoughtofasemptybucketsthatcanbesimply“toppedup”withthecomplexsetofskillsthey’vemissedouton.9.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningthetypicalcaseinParagraph3?

A．Tocallonretiredworkerstolearnmoretechnicalskills.B．Toshowthebenefitsofdigitalizationfailedtocoverall.C．Tohighlightthesignificanceofannualhealthcheck-up.D．Torevealseniors’helplessnesswhenoperatingthemachine.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A．Informationliteracyishardertomasterthanhealthliteracy.B．Astringofoutdatedhealthcaretechnologieswereabandoned.C．ThosevisitingalibraryforPCtrainingwillsurelyacquiredigitalskills.D．Itisdifficultforpeoplelabeledasthepoorareimpossibletoreceivedigitalservices.11.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“toppedup”meaninParagraph8?

A．Mended.B．Armed.C．Filled.D．Decorated.12.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．TechnologyInnovations:AreTheyDistributedEqually?B．DigitalHealthcare:AretheMostinNeedBeingExcluded?C．InverseCareLaw:APrincipleEmphasizingInequalityD．HealthcareTechnologies:DisadvantagesOutweighAdvantagesChildrenarenaturallycurious.Watchingatoddlertestwhetheraballwillrolldownahillistoseescienceinaction:observing,experimenting,andaskingquestions.Yetaskidsgrowolder,manylosethisdrivetoexplorethe“why”behindthings.13AccordingtopsychologistRyanF.Lei,onesubtlebutpowerfulfactoristhelanguageadultsuse.Manyparentsandteacherssaythingslike“Let’sbescientiststoday!”or“You’resuchagoodscientist!”14Whilewell-intended,thesephrasesframescienceasanidentityratherthanasetofactions.Onestudyfoundthatfour-year-oldgirlspersistedlongerinscienceactivitieswheninvitedwith“Let’sdoscience”insteadof“Let’sbescientists.”15Ithasbeenfoundthatchildrenoftenholdstereotypesaboutwhoa“scientist”is.Whenaskedtopictureascientist,manykids—exposedtomediaandsocialcues—oftenthinkofawhitemaninalabcoat.16Researchshowsthatbyhighschool,girlsatthe80thpercentileofscienceabilityarejustaslikelytomajorincertainSTEMfieldsasboysatthe20thpercentile.Thatrepresentsanunbelievablelossofpotentialtalent.Thegoodnewsisthatsmallchangesinlanguagecanhelp.Focusingonscienceassomethingyoudo—observing,testing,discovering—ratherthansomethingyouarecankeepcuriosityaliveforallchildren,regardlessofgenderorbackground.17Itmightmakeallthedifference.

A．Thiscanbackfire.B．Sowhydoesthishappen?C．Theproblemiseasytosolve.D．Whydoesidentity-basedlanguagecauseproblems?E．Childrenaremoreinterestedinsciencethanadultsthink.F．Nexttimeyouinviteachildtoexplore,trysaying:“Let’sdoscience!”G．Ifachilddoesnotsharethatidentity,theymayfeelscienceisnotforthem.二、完形填空RiccardoMontehadworkedforeightyearsasanarchitectinLondon.Butitwasn’tmakinghim18.So,in2016,hetookhimselfupintoacabinintheItalianAlpswherehe’dspentmanymemorablechildhoodsummersandgavehimselftimeto19.The100m²space,headmits,“wasnothinglikeahome”whenhefirst20.Withinthe80cm-thickstonewalls,21around1750,laystone-flagwalls.Itwasn’tadomesticspace,butitfelt“reallyright”,hiswifesays.Wantingtoretainthehistoricfeelofthebuilding,Monteleftthestonewallsastheywere.Buttomakeitmorecomfortable,he22alteredthefeelanddesignofthespace,designingindustrial-sizedwindowframestoallowmoresoftmountain23tofilterin.Heputhis24skillstodifferentuses.Inthekitchenheconstructedawoodencubewithamirroredsurface,inwhichtheirbathroomishidden.Andoutside,togivethem25insummer,hecreatedapergola(凉亭).Surprisingly,itwasthisoutdoorprojectthatgavehimtheideafora26.Tomakesurethatthepergolapolesdidn’t27orgeteatenbyinsects,hecharred(烧焦)them,asfarmersaroundherehavedoneforcenturies.Theeffectonthewoodwasso28thathestartedtoexperimentwithburningotherwoodensurfaces.Andsoonhehadsomanyclientswantinghis29,raw,blackfurniture—that30begantocomeinfromaroundtheworld.Alltheitemsthatdecoratethespaces,ofcourse,are31.Abovethedoorhangsoneofthemostpreciouspiecesofall.The32andwhitelandscapewasdrawnbyhimusingthecharcoalleftoverfromawoodfire.“It’sallinthatlandscape,”hesays.“Mountains,trees,fire.”18.A．richB．skilledC．famousD．happy19.A．struggleB．thriveC．thinkD．dream20.A．landedB．investigatedC．appearedD．explored21.A．decoratedB．constructedC．damagedD．painted22.A．subtlyB．abruptlyC．cautiouslyD．slightly23.A．windB．lightC．insectsD．birds24.A．drawingB．constructingC．woodworkingD．hand-crafting25.A．comfortB．reliefC．waterD．shade26.A．creationB．workC．deviceD．business27.A．burnB．rotC．burstD．shrink28.A．self-evidentB．immediateC．beautifulD．far-reaching29.A．simpleB．complicatedC．obscureD．unknown30.A．inquiriesB．suppliesC．listsD．orders31.A．abstractB．randomC．personalD．pleasant32.A．blueB．greyC．blackD．red三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。请将答案的完整形式写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。ChinesecalligraphyismorethanjustwritingChinesecharacters.Itis33uniqueartformwhichvividlyreflectsthespiritual34(deep)ofChineseculture.Overthousandsofyears,calligraphy35(consider)asoneofthemostimportantskillsforscholarsandintellectuals.Thetools36(use)incalligraphyareknownasthe“FourTreasuresoftheStudy”:brush,ink,paper,andinkstone.Eachbrushiscarefullycrafted,37thewaythebrushisheldandmoveddeterminesthestyleofthecharacters.Acalligraphermustpayattentiontoeverystroketocreatea38(harmony)composition.Thereareseveralmajorstylesofcalligraphy,includingsealscript,clericalscript,regularscript,runningscript,andcursivescript,among39regularscriptisthemostcommonlyusedindailylifebecauseitisclearandeasy40(read).Cursivescript,ontheotherhand,allowsformorefreedomandexpression.41isrequiredtopracticecalligraphyisnotonlyskillbutalsoinnerpeace.Manypeoplebelievethatithelpsthemdeveloppatienceandconcentration.Eventoday,alargenumberofChinesepeople,youngandold,practicecalligraphy42awaytoconnectwiththeirculturalheritage.四、单词拼写43.Onlysomeonewhoisr________andresponsiblecanbetrustedtohandlesuchachallengingtask.(根据首字母单词拼写)44.Withexpertg________fromexperiencedtutors,wemanagedtocompletethechallengingresearchsuccessfully.(根据首字母单词拼写)45.Hefeltdeeplye________whenherealizedhehadmadeasillymistakeinfrontofthewholeclass.(根据首字母单词拼写)46.Thec________forthescholarshiptakebothacademicperformanceandpracticalabilityintoconsideration.(根据首字母单词拼写)47.Activereadingskillscangreatlystrengthenyourc________ofdifficultpassagesinacademicarticles.(根据首字母单词拼写)48.Duetothestudents’passionateengagement,ourschoolannouncedatwo-daye________oftheactivity.(根据首字母单词拼写)49.Wehavemade________(大量的)effortstoimprovethequalityofeducationoverthepastfewyears.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)50.Thebeautifuldresswascarefully________(缝制)byhandwithsoftandcomfortablematerial.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)51.Ourprofessorisso________(知识渊博的)thathecanansweralmostallquestionsraisedbystudents.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)52.Immediate________(干预)isrequiredtopreventthesituationfromgettingworseandworse.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)53.Wedidn’t________(预料)thattheactivitywouldattractsomanyparticipantsfromdifferentcities.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)54.Avalidteaching________(资格)isamustforanyonewhowantstoworkasaprofessionalteacher.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)55.Pleasetellmewhethertheinformationyouprovidedis________(相关的)tothetopicweareresearching.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)56.Hiswrong________(假设)ledhimtomakeaseriousdecisionthathelaterregretteddeeply.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)57.Strongcommunication________(能力)playsakeyrolewhenyouworkinateamwithdifferentpeople.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)五、书信写作58.假定你是李华，你校下周将举办“用英语讲中国故事”演讲比赛（“ChineseStoriesinEnglish”SpeechContest）。你发现目前选手选拔方式是每班选一名英语成绩最好的同学直接参赛。你认为这种做法存在一定的问题。请你给负责的外教Mr.Smith写一封邮件，内容包括：1.说明问题；2.提出建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMr.Smith,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua六、书面表达59.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MyIrishSetter,Henry,wasbredtobeashowdog.ButIsawsomethingdifferentinhimfromthestart—hiscalm,welcomingpresenceandnaturallymildnature.Insteadoftheshowring,Itrainedhimtobeatherapydog.Hisjobbecamevisitingelementaryschoolclassesandlisteningtostudentsreadaloudtohim.Thechildrenlovedit,andsodidhe.Whenachildsatdowntoread,Henrywouldliequietlybesidethem,restinghischinonhispaws.Hisbig,darkeyesneverwandered.Hegaveeachreaderhiscompleteattention—earsslightlytiltedforward,tailgivinganoccasionalsoftthumpagainstthefloor.Henevercorrectedamispronouncedwordorteasedwhensomeonestumbled.Hejustlistened,steadyandwarm,asifeverystorywasthemostimportantoneintheworld.Sometimeshewouldgentlyresthisheadonachild’sleg,orletoutasoft,contentedsigh.Whenthechildf