衔接点25 七选五快读巧解攻略（上）（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义）（原题版）

衔接点25七选五快读巧解攻略（上）初中视角高中展望初中阅读（句子还原填空）文本上文章篇幅短，以记叙文、简单说明文为主；句子简短，逻辑直白，多时间、顺承简单关系；选项句子短，句式基础，词汇简单，极少长难句。考点上主要依靠原词复现、基础指代（it/this）匹配；逻辑线索明显，多and、so、then、but这类基础连接词；只需匹配前后句表层信息，不用梳理整段段落结构。命题与做题要求干扰项特征突出：话题完全无关、人称时态明显冲突；只需看空前后一两句话就能锁定答案；无需宏观把控段落分层，做题耗时少。高中七选五（句子还原填空）文本上文章篇幅更长，议论文、科普说明文占主流；段落层次分明，存在总分、分总、对比、问题解决等篇章结构；选项多长难句，包含抽象名词、熟词生义。考点上弱化直白原词匹配，侧重同义替换、段落主旨、篇章逻辑；常考查转折、让步、因果、举例、递进、过渡句、小标题类概括句；需要区分“段首主旨句、段中过渡句、段尾总结句”。命题与做题要求干扰项迷惑性极强：同话题但逻辑错位、局部细节冒充段落主旨、过渡逻辑不符；不能只看相邻两句，需通读整段把握中心；整套阅读时间紧张，要求快速梳理文章框架。衔接引导初中阶段考查形式：侧重于对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息要有所了解，尤其重要的是要掌握作者的写作意图、观点，区分出论点和论据，并且能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次高中阶段考查形式：注重信息还原(七选五)所选文章多为说明文,文章结构通常为“总—分(—总)”,内容通常是教人如何学习、如何做事、如何生活等,符合中学生的特点,贴近中学生的日常生活。【初中考点聚焦】【题型概述】阅读还原句子是中考题型中比较新的题型，一般有200-250个单词左右，常见题型为5选5、6选5、7选5。这题型实际上需要学生拓宽自己思维的深度和广度，不再只是简单地从句子层面出发理解和把控词汇含义和语法结构，从而逐步理解篇章意思，而是从更高层次的篇章层面上，立足整体，体会句子或语段前后的衔接和连贯性，进而把握篇章大意和作者写作思路及其意图。它要求考生不但要有扎实的语言功底，而且还要有较强的逻辑思维能力，要求考生能够“既见树木又见森林”,极大的增加了考生的难度。【考查内容】文章选文逻辑严密、结构严谨，突出对篇章结构的整体理解，侧重考查学生的逻辑思维能力。设空题型分布有段中、段首和段尾设题形式，以考查上下文逻辑关系为主，考查段落主题句为辅，间或考查段属的结论概括性语句。六个备选项意义都与文章内容相关，有一定的干扰迷惑性。试题主要依据句子在上下文中衔接情况来命制，衔接手段分为三种：结构衔接、逻辑衔接、词汇衔接。【解题策略】忌忽略选项。做题时,应先把文章后面所给的备选项快速浏览一遍,然后带着这些备选项进行阅读。边读边选出比较简单的选项,从而提高阅读效率。忌草率行事。在设计选项时,命题者往往在几个选项中设计出一个或两个似是而非的答案。对所给相似选项,要进行分析、比较,去伪存真。忌囫囵定案。忌考生在未完全读懂文章时就匆忙定案。尚未读懂的地方,一定要联系上下文,仔细多读几遍,直到读懂再定答案。【示例1】（六选五）阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。Ahealthylifestyleisveryimportanttous.Itcannotonlykeepusfitbutalsohelpusperformbetterinstudy.1Tobeginwith,aproperdietisthebaseofgoodhealth.Makesuretohavethreemealsaday.Weshouldincludealotoffreshvegetablesandfruitinourdiet.2Insteadofhavingacanofcola,wecanchooseaglassoffruitjuice.Doingsportsisnecessary.Wedon’thavetodotoomuchexerciseformanyhours.3Forexample,wecansimplytakeawalkduringbreaksorjustclimbthestairs.Theyareveryeasytodobutveryuseful.Anotherkeyisgettingenoughsleep.Manyofusstayuplatetostudy.4Weshouldhavearegularsleepscheduleandget7to8hoursofsleepeachnight.Agoodnight’ssleepwillhelpusrememberbetterandbereadyforanewday.5Weoftenfacechallengesandstressinourstudiesandlife.It’simportanttofindwaystodealwithstress,suchashavingachatwithourfriends,listeningtomusicorreadingbooks.Keepingpositivecanhelpusovercomedifficulties.Allinall,withthesehealthyhabits,wecangethealthyandgettheabilitytostudyandgrow.A．Payattentiontomentalhealth.B．Butitcaninfluenceourmemory.C．Makingmorefriendsisalsoagoodway.D．Thesimpleonescanmakeabigdifference.E．Trytotakefewerdrinksandlessjunkfood.F．Herearesomewaystokeepahealthylifestyle.【示例2】（七选五）阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。It’salwayshardtosaygoodbyetoholidays.Returningtoschoolafteralongbreakcanleaveyoufilledwithsomeanxiety(焦虑).6Setgoalsforyourself.Atthebeginningofanewtermtakeapenandpaperandwritealistofpersonalgoalsthatyou’dliketoachieveduringtheterm.7Byhavingsomethingtoworktoward,youcanrelieve(缓解)someanxietyaboutstartingupagain.Youcansetgoalssuchasmakingnewfriends,gettingbettergradesorgettinginshape.Changeyoursleepschedule(计划),ifnecessary.8Thismightmakeitdifficulttogetbackintoyourschoolroutine(日常生活).Butrememberyouneedtogetafullnight’srest,becausesleepinglessisterribleforyourbody.Forexample,itcanresultinweightgain.Talkwithyourparents.Communicatewithyourparentsoftenandkeepyourparentsuptodatenotonlywithyourschoolactivities,butalsowithyourfeelings.910Eventhebestplanisn’tsafefromthesurprisesoflife.Whetherit’sanimportanttestaroundthecorner,orsomethingfun,likeaconcert,therearealwaysthingsthatyou’llhavetoadjust(调整).Continueadjustingyourplanuntilitfitsyourlifewell.A．Accepttheunexpected.B．Startyourdayearlierthannormal.C．Thesegoalsmightbesocial,intellectualorphysical.D．Theymighthavesomegoodadviceoncheeringyouup.E．Youcanaskyourparentstohelpyoumakeaplanforthenewterm.F．Duringtheholidays,youmighthaveenjoyedsleepinginorstayinguplate.G．Herewehaveafewtipsthatcanbeatbackyourpost-holidaybluesandhelpyougetbackintothestudymode.【高中考点聚焦】课标解读题型特点:1.段首句。通常是段落主题句,或与后文形成并列、转折、因果等关系,又或是段落间的过渡句。2.段中句。通常与前后句形成并列、递进、因果、转折等关系。3.段尾句。通常是结论、概括性语句,又或者是引出下一段的内容。从上表还可以看出试题设置在段中的数量较多,段首句和段尾句较少。在做题过程中,段中试题由于有段落内上下文的提示,比较容易得到答案。段尾试题往往是段落的总结,难度也不大。通常情况下,段首的试题难度也比较小,因为在英语写作中,段首句多为段落主旨句,考生可以根据段落后面的文本快速推测答案。但是当段首句是对上下段的过渡时,难度陡增。2)文章结构(a)描述性结构(主要介绍事物、问题或倾向的特点，对人物的描述如传记，包括人身体特征、家庭背景、成长过程、个性爱好、成就贡献等内容进行描述，因此时间、地点往往是出题重点)(b)释义性结构(解释某一理论、学科、事物，主要用例子比喻类比阐述)(c)比较性结构(把两个人或事物功能、特点、优缺点进行对比)(d)原因性结构(这种结构主要分析事物的成因，客观的、主观的、直接的、间接的)(e)驳斥性结构(这种结构主要是先介绍一种观点，然后对其评论或驳斥，然后分析其优点缺点、危害性、最后阐明自己的观点)考点清单阅读七选五：设空类型一般有标题类、段落主题句类、过渡句类、细节类;选项大多为完整句子,句型不一。阅读补全以考查补全细节句为主,以考查过渡句、主旨句为辅。四个考点线索查找范围逐步变化：小标题→整段概括、段首→瞻前顾后统领/过渡、段中→紧邻前后句细节逻辑、段尾→收束本段/开启下段/抛出主旨，做题时可以根据空格位置优先匹配对应解题思路。考点一：小标题命题规则小标题要精准概括对应段落全部核心内容，句式常和其他小标题保持一致（多为祈使句、名词短语），统领本段所有细节论据，起到段落总起的作用。【示例1】原文语段●____小标题1____Alwayschecktheweatherforecastbeforegoinghiking.Wearthickwaterproofcoatsifitisgoingtorain.Packextrawarmclothesforsuddentemperaturedrops.●PlanyourhikingrouteinadvanceMarkrestspotsandwatersourcesonyourmap,andshareyourroutewithfamilyorfriendsbeforeyousetoff.候选选项：A.PrepareproperclothesforweatherchangesB.ChooseacomfortablepairofhikingshoesC.Learnfirst-aidknowledgeaheadoftime翻译【小标题1段落翻译】徒步前一定要查看天气预报。若有降雨要穿厚实防水外套，为气温骤降备好额外保暖衣物。【第二个小标题翻译】提前规划徒步路线选项A翻译：为天气变化准备合适衣物；选项B翻译：选一双舒适徒步鞋；选项C翻译：提前学习急救知识详细解析适配考点：小标题考点，需要整段内容做概括、和相邻小标题句式统一（均为祈使短语）；段落核心线索：全段围绕根据天气准备穿搭衣物展开，降雨、降温对应的穿搭方案是全部细节；排除干扰：B讲鞋子、C讲急救，本段完全没有相关内容；只有A精准覆盖段落所有信息，祈使句式和后文Planyourhikingrouteinadvance结构一致，可作为本段小标题。【示例2】原文语段plaintext●____小标题2____Writedownyourdailyspendingeverynight.Sortyourcostsintofixedbillslikerentanddailycostslikesnacks.Youcanclearlyseewhereyourmoneygoeseachmonth.●SetaclearmonthlysavinggoalDecidehowmuchyouwanttosavemonthly,andtransferthemoneytoaseparateaccountrightaftergettingpaid.候选选项：A.KeepadetailedpersonalbudgetB.CutdownunnecessaryentertainmentcostsC.Openanindependentbankaccount翻译【小标题2段落翻译】每晚记录日常开销，把支出分为房租这类固定账单和零食这类日常花销，你能清晰看到每月资金去向。【第二个小标题翻译】设定清晰的月度储蓄目标选项A翻译：做好详细个人收支预算；选项B翻译：减少不必要娱乐开支；选项C翻译：开立独立银行账户详细解析适配考点：小标题，统领整段记账分类、追踪花销的内容；逻辑匹配：整段讲记账、分类开销、梳理资金流向，就是做个人预算的具体操作，A完美概括段落主旨；干扰排除：B只聚焦娱乐开支，范围太窄；C是下一段的操作，本段无相关信息，均不适合做本段标题。【示例3】原文语段●____小标题3____Mosteatingdisorderassessmenttoolsweremadeforyoungwomen.Doctorslackspecialscoringstandardswhencheckingmalepatients,sotheycanhardlyjudgetheillnessdegreecorrectly.●LearntypicalmaleeatingdisordersymptomsMenaremorelikelytofocusonmusclegainratherthanweightlosswhentheyhaveeatingdisorders.候选选项：A.OldassessmenttoolsfailtofitmalepatientsB.HelpmalepatientsgetridofsocialprejudiceC.Encouragementotalkabouttheirtroubles翻译【小标题3段落翻译】大部分进食障碍评估工具为年轻女性设计，医生给男性患者检查时缺少专用评分标准，很难准确判断病情程度。【第二个小标题翻译】了解男性进食障碍典型症状选项A翻译：传统评估工具不适用于男性患者；选项B翻译：帮助男性患者摆脱社会偏见；选项C翻译：鼓励男性倾诉烦恼详细解析适配考点：小标题，概括本段评估工具适配性的核心问题；细节呼应：整段围绕女性化评估工具对男性不适用展开，A精准提炼段落矛盾点；排除干扰：B、C的“社会偏见”“倾诉烦恼”在本段完全没有提及，无法统领段落内容。考点二：段首题1、通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。2、与后文是并列、转折或因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一二句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的。因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。3、段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机衔接,并结合下一段内容,看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。命题规则空格在段落开头，三类功能：①本段主题句，概括全段；②和后文形成并列/转折/因果衔接；③两段间过渡句，承接上段结尾、引出下段内容。【示例1】（细分类型1：段首主题句）完整语段①.Peoplewitheatingdisordersmayskipmealssecretly,takeextremeexercisetoburncalories,orrefusetoeatinpublic.Thesebehaviorswilldogreatharmtotheirdigestivesystemandmentalhealthinthelongrun.候选选项：A.EatingdisordersbringmanyharmfulbehaviorsB.ManyboysignoretheriskofeatingdisordersC.Femalepatientshavemoreobvioussymptoms翻译空格①翻译（正确选项代入）：进食障碍会引发诸多有害行为。患有进食障碍的人可能偷偷不吃饭、通过极端运动消耗热量、拒绝在公共场合就餐。长期来看这些行为会严重损害他们的消化系统与心理健康。详细解析适配考点：段首主题句类段首题；逻辑推导：后文全部列举进食障碍引发的各类不良行为以及危害，段首句需要总起本段核心；A总领后文所有行为细节；干扰排除：B聚焦男孩、C聚焦女性症状，后文没有区分性别，话题不匹配。【示例2】（细分类型2：和后文形成转折逻辑衔接）完整语段②.However,boysandmenusuallyhidetheirunhealthyeatinghabitsbetter,sotheireatingdisordersareoftenfoundmuchlaterthangirls’.候选选项：A.Girls’eatingproblemsarealwaystakenseriouslyB.It’seasytofindearlysignsofeatingdisordersingirlsC.Eatingdisordersspreadfastamongteenagegirls翻译空格②代入翻译：女孩身上进食障碍的早期迹象很容易被发现。然而，男孩和成年男性往往能更好隐藏不健康饮食习惯，他们的进食障碍确诊时间通常远晚于女孩。详细解析适配考点：段首转折衔接类段首题，依靠However实现前后对比；线索拆解：However后讲男性难被早期发现，前文就要铺垫女性容易被发现，B完美形成转折对照；干扰排除：A强调“受重视”、C强调“传播快”，无法和后文“发现早晚”形成对立逻辑。【示例3】（细分类型3：段落间过渡句）上段结尾：Manyparentsonlynoticetheirdaughters’eatingtroublesandneverrealizetheirsonsmayhavesimilarproblems.③.Doctorsneedtolearnthespecialfeaturesofmalepatientstomakeaccuratejudgments.Theycan’tonlyusestandardsdesignedforfemales.候选选项：A.ThisblindspotleadstotroublesinmedicaltreatmentformalesB.ParentsshouldcommunicatemorewiththeirsonsaboutdietC.Moregirlsarereceivingprofessionaleatingdisordertreatment翻译上段结尾翻译：很多家长只会留意女儿的饮食问题，从未意识到儿子也可能出现同类困扰。空格③代入翻译：这种认知盲区给男性的医疗诊断带来了难题。医生需要掌握男性患者的特征来精准判断，不能只使用针对女性制定的标准。详细解析适配考点：段落过渡类段首题，要承接上段家长的认知疏漏，引出下段医疗层面的问题；衔接逻辑：A里的Thisblindspot指代上段家长重女轻男的认知偏差，顺承过渡到医疗环节的困境，把两段内容顺畅串联；干扰排除：B只讲家长层面，无法引出下文医生诊疗的内容；C围绕女孩展开，和下段男性诊疗话题脱节。考点三：段中题若空格句在段中，则需根据空格前后的句子内容及逻辑关系来确定答案。1、盯紧横线的前后词语。根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词。2、抓住过渡词，看住上下句。看与前文是否是转折或对比关系，此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立，对比关系。看与前文是否是并列或排比关系，在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节。因此，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。命题规则空格处于段落中间，依托前后紧邻句子的细节、逻辑（并列/递进/转折/同义复现）锁定答案，要兼顾前后句特征词、过渡衔接词。【示例1】（前后并列细节衔接）完整语段Fromthere,thereisbothgoodnewsandbadnews.Thebadnews?10So,theyhavetojudgeiftheyareonthemarkbythemselves,Murraysaid.Butthegoodnewsisthatmenandboysoftendowellwhentheygothroughtreatmentfortheireatingdisorders.候选选项：A.Theeatingdisorderfieldhastotreatmalesbasedonstudiesthatincludeonlyfemales.B.Willaboyormanexperienceeatingdisordersinthatwaytoo?C.Thebestwaytohelpthemgetintotreatmentistosharethetruth—theyarenotalone.翻译语段翻译：由此可见既有好消息也有坏消息。坏消息是什么？10默里表示，因此男性只能自行判断诊疗方案是否适配自身情况。但好消息是，男性男孩在接受进食障碍治疗时往往恢复效果很好。选项A翻译：进食障碍领域只能依据仅包含女性的研究成果来治疗男性患者。详细解析适配考点：段中细节逻辑题，空格前后为设问+因果衔接（后文So）；逻辑链条：设问抛出“坏消息是什么”，空格给出坏消息具体内容，后文So引出该问题造成的结果——男性只能自行判断诊疗适配度；A说明行业诊疗依据有缺陷，正是导致后文困境的原因，因果完全通顺；干扰排除：B是疑问句，无法直接解释“坏消息”；C讲治疗的帮助方法，属于后文“好消息”范畴，逻辑方向相反。【示例2】（段中转折逻辑衔接）完整语段Manypeoplethinkeatingdisordersonlyhappentogirls.②.Statisticsshowthatnearly1in4eatingdisorderpatientsaremale,fromteenagerstomiddle-agedmen.候选选项：A.Infact,malesalsosufferfromthisillnesswidelyB.Besides,girlshavemoretypesofeatingtroublesC.Asaresult,boyspaylittleattentiontotheirdiet翻译语段翻译：很多人认为进食障碍只发生在女孩身上。②数据显示，近四分之一的进食障碍患者是男性，覆盖青少年到中年群体。选项A代入翻译：事实上，男性也普遍会患上这种疾病。详细解析适配考点：段中转折对比逻辑，打破前文大众固有认知；线索拆解：前文是错误刻板印象，后文用数据反驳，A用Infact实现转折，引出男性患病的事实，衔接前后；干扰排除：B继续围绕女孩展开，和后文男性数据脱节；C因果逻辑不成立，大众的偏见不会导致男生忽视饮食。【示例3】（段中并列递进逻辑衔接）完整语段Tohelpboyswitheatingdisorders,familiesshouldobservetheirdailydietchangesclosely.③.Forexample,suddencrazymuscletrainingandavoidingfamilydinnersareclearwarningsigns.候选选项：A.TheyalsoneedtowatchoutforabnormallifestylechangesB.TheymustsendtheboystohospitalassoonaspossibleC.Mostparentsknowlittleaboutboys’physicaldevelopment翻译语段翻译：想要帮助有进食障碍的男孩，家长要密切观察他们日常饮食的变化。③比如突然疯狂增肌训练、回避家庭聚餐都是明确预警信号。选项A代入翻译：他们还需要留意反常的生活作息变化。详细解析适配考点：段中并列递进逻辑，also体现递进关系；细节呼应：前一句讲观察饮食变化，A递进补充还要观察生活习惯变化，后文举例的健身、聚餐习惯正是生活作息内容，前后完美呼应；干扰排除：B直接讲就医，后文没有就医相关内容；C讲家长生理知识匮乏，和后文观察预警信号的话题无关。考点四：段尾题1、空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。2、通常是结论、概括性语句注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词：Therefore，asaresult，inshort，tosumup，toconclude，in

aword，allinall，inconclusion等词语。选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。3、所选答案是引出下一段的内容的句子如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。4、如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。命题规则空格在段落末尾，四类功能：①总结本段结论；②埋下伏笔引出下一段；③首段段尾抛出全文主旨；④承接前文细节收尾。【示例1】（细分类型1：段尾总结结论句）完整语段Malepatientscan’tgettargetedevaluationtools,anddoctorshavenomaturetreatmentplansforthem.Theyoftenhidesymptomsoutofmasculinestereotypes,sotheirillnessdevelopstoaseriousstagebeforebeingfound.①.候选选项：A.Thus,malesfacebiggerdifficultiesinfightingeatingdisordersB.However,moreresearchesstarttofocusonfemalepatientsC.Inshort,girlshaveearlierandmoreaccuratetreatment翻译语段翻译：男性患者没有专属评估工具，医生也没有成熟诊疗方案；出于男性刻板印象他们会隐瞒症状，病情往往发展到严重阶段才被发现。①选项A代入翻译：因此，男性对抗进食障碍面临更大的困难。详细解析适配考点：段尾总结结论类，用Thus承接前文所有不利因素做收尾概括；逻辑梳理：前文罗列男性诊疗的三大阻碍，A对全段内容做最终总结；干扰排除：B、C均围绕女性展开，本段全程讲男性困境，话题方向偏离。【示例2】（细分类型2：段尾引出下一段过渡句）本段结尾前文：Therearepracticalwaysforschoolstohelpboyswitheatingdisordersoncampus.②下一段首句：Thefirstmeasureistosetupspecialpsychologicalcounselingcoursesformalestudents.候选选项：A.SchoolscantakeseveralpracticalmeasurestoachievethegoalB.Mostschoolshaven’trealizedboys’eatinghealthproblemsC.Teachersshouldkeepaneyeonstudents’after-schoolactivities翻译本段翻译：学校有切实可行的办法在校内帮助有进食障碍的男生。②下一段首句翻译：第一个举措就是为男生开设专属心理辅导课程。选项A代入翻译：学校可以采取多项可行举措达成这一目标。详细解析适配考点：段尾过渡引下段，要衔接本段“学校有办法”和下段分点列举举措；衔接逻辑：A里severalpracticalmeasures完美呼应下文Thefirstmeasure，自然引出下一段分条内容；干扰排除：B讲学校认知不足、C讲课后活动，都无法衔接下文具体举措的展开。【示例3】（细分类型3：首段段尾抛出全文主旨）首段前文：Whenwetalkabouteatingdisorders,mostpeopleonlythinkofteenagegirls.Butthehiddentroubleamongboysandmencan’tbeignoredanymore.③.后文全篇分：男性诊疗难点、典型症状、家庭学校干预方法三个板块展开。候选选项：A.ThisarticlewillshowthesituationofmaleeatingdisordersandrelevantsolutionsB.FemaleeatingdisordercaseshavedroppedgreatlyinrecentyearsC.Teenageboyscaremoreabouttheirbodyshapethanbefore翻译首段前文翻译：谈及进食障碍，多数人只会想到青春期女孩，但男性群体潜藏的患病问题已经不容忽视。③选项A代入翻译：本文将介绍男性进食障碍的现状以及对应的解决办法。详细解析适配考点：首段段尾抛出全文主旨，统领下文所有分段落内容；逻辑匹配：A明确全文写作脉络：先讲现状再讲方案，和后文结构完全对应；干扰排除：B围绕女性数据、C只讲男孩身材焦虑，都无法覆盖后文多维度的内容布局。一、小标题Theadultsinyourlifeplayanimportantroleinshapingthepersonyouare.Throughtheirencouragementandguidance,theyhelpyoutoflourish,learn,andgrow.Sometimes,though,youmightforgetyourappreciationforthem.1Atthesemoments,it’shardnottofocusoneverythingthey’redoing‘wrong’,buttherearewaystoresetandremindyourselfofwhatyouvalueaboutthem.●Keeptalking.It’seasytolockyourselfawaywhenyou’reupsetwithyourparentsorafteranargument.It’snormalforhealthyrelationshipstobreakdownoccasionally.2Thekeytocommunicatingwellistobeopenaboutyourfeelingsbuttrynottouseyourwordstowoundorpunish.●Whyappreciationmatters.Lifeisn’talwayseasy.Butbylookingforthingstofeelgratefulfor,youcanreflectonthepositivesinlife,eveninthetoughesttimes.3Buildinganattitudeofgratitudetakestimeandpractice.Noticingallthegoodthatyourparentsdowillnotonlybuildandimproverelationships,butcreateapositivecycle,whereeveryonefeelsthattheireffortsareacknowledged.●4Itmightalsohelptokeepinmindthateventhoughtheadultsinyourlifecanseemall-knowing,they’reactuallyjustordinarypeoplewithstrengthsandweaknesses.5Often,they’reonlytryingtoprotectandguideyou.Thiscanfeelannoyingwhenyouwanttoleadyourownlifeandmakeyourownchoices.Butgoodcommunicationisaboutcompromiseandcantakeabitofpractice.Rememberthatyourparentsarelearning,too!A．That’snottosaythisiseasy.B．Growtogetherwithyourparents.C．Parentsalwayshavethefinalsay.D．Itislikelythatyourparentsaredoingtheirbest.E．Showingappreciationdoesn’trequiregreatefforts.F．It’sthemaking-upandrepairingpartthat’simportant.G．Theremightalsobetimeswhenyourrelationshipcomesunderextrapressure.二、段首题Aswebecomeincreasinglyawareoftheimpactouractionshaveontheenvironment,moreandmoreofusarelookingforwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.Throughoutagiventrip,bothbigandsmalldecisionsyoumakecanaffectalotthetotalamountofgreenhousegasemissions(排放)producedbyyourholiday.6?Herearesometipsonenjoyinga“green”holiday.·Keepitlightonluggage(行李).Everysingleextrakiloyoucarryarounddrivesupemissions.7Packing(收拾行李)withpurposecanactivelycutyourcarbonfootprint.Soyoucantravelwithamorethoughtful,lighterbag.It’sasmallchangethatcanmakeabigdifference.·Explorewithcare.8.Insteadoffightingtraffic,youmightfindhiddentreasuresbychance,andyou’remorelikelytomeetnewpeople.Thishabitcanconnectyouwiththecityyou’revisitingandhelpyouknowthecitybetter.·9.Beabigbelieverinaskingquestions,especiallywhenitcomestoahotel’simpactonpeopleandtheplanet.Askyourhoteltosharehowitsourcesrenewableenergy,saveswater,andmanageswaste.Ifthehotelcan’tshowproofofsimilaraction,keepdigging.Themorewe,astourists,asksimilarquestions,themoretheindustrywillmovetowardresponsiblepractices.·Doyourparttoprotectthelocalcommunity.Volunteerforabeachclean-up,joinareforestationproject,orjustpickuprubbishasyoutravel.Evensuchsmalleffortscanhelpprotectnaturalbeautyforfuturegenerations.10.A．Youractionsmakeyourtripmeaningfullongafteryou’vegonehomeB．Changingfromtaxistobikesmeansyou’rekindtotheenvironmentC．What’smore,itslowsyoudownwhenyouexploreanewcityD．SohowcanwemakeadifferencewhenheadingonholidayE．DosomethingbigtomakeothersawareoftheproblemF．WhatdoyouthinkofthebenefitsofthemG．Askaboutyourhotel’scarbonfootprint三、段中题WhyShouldWeProtectWildAnimals?Wildanimalsareanimportantpartofourplanet’secosystem.11Yetmanyofthemarefacingseriousthreats(威胁)causedbyhumanactivities.It’stimeforustotakeactiontoprotectthembeforeit’stoolate.12Oneofthemisthelossofhabitats.Ascitiesgrowlargerandforestsarecutdown,wildanimalslosetheirhomesandfoodsources.Forexample,manykindsofbirdscan’tfindenoughtreestobuildnestsorenoughinsectstoeat.Anotherbigthreatisillegal(非法的)hunting.Somepeoplehuntwildanimalsfortheirfur,horns(角),ormeattomakemoney.13Besides,pollution,includingair,waterandsoilpollution,alsomakeslivingconditionsworseforwildanimals.Itpoisonstheirfoodanddamagestheirhealth.Sowhatcanwedotohelp?First,weshouldlearnmoreaboutwildanimalsandtheproblemstheyface.14Forinstance,wecantellourfamilyandfriendsnottoeatwildanimalmeatorbuyproductsmadefromwildanimals.Second,wecansupportwildlifeprotectiongroups.Theyworkhardtosaveendangeredanimals,createsafehabitatsandfightagainstillegalhunting.Evensmallactionslikedonatingmoneyorvolunteeringcanmakeadifference.Third,weshouldtrytoliveinamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyway.15Usinglesspaper,savingwaterandreducingrubbishcanallhelpprotectanimallivingspaces.Ifeveryonemakesaneffort,wecanbuildabetterworldforbothanimalsandhumans.A．Knowledgeisthefirststeptoaction.B．Therearemanyreasonswhywildanimalsareindanger.C．Theyhelpkeepnaturebalancedandprovidegreatvaluetohumans.D．Thishaspushedsomerarespeciestotheedgeofextinction.E．Zoosaregoodplacestoseedifferentkindsofwildanimals.F．Wecanplantmoretreesandreducepollutioninourdailylives.G．Manywildanimalsaredyingoutfasterthanwecanimagine.四、段尾题Forpeoplewhoareplanningatrip,avisittoamuseummightnotbethefirstthingtheythinkof.Afterall,thereareplentyofwaystoadmiretheworld’scivilization,getexcitingexperiencesandspendnicetimewithfamilyandfriends.16Museumsarewherepeoplelearnsomethingnew,ateveryage!Areyouinterestedinsomethingunusual?17There,youwillfindyourselfdrawninandencouraged!Museumsareafantasticplacetolearnaboutthelocalhistory,scientificachievements,bigculturalcelebrations,andofcourse,ancientanimals.Theyalsodesignshowsaboutvisual(视觉的)arts,industrialinventionsandanythingthatencouragesvisitorstolearnaboutthepastandcreatenewpathstothefuture.18Theywillsurelybeanexcitingpartoftheeducationalexperiencewiththemainpurposetodisclosechildrentoknowledgeofdifferentfieldsandopenuptheireyes.Toachievethat,museumsareworkingtocreatemeaningfulandattractingactivities,interactiveandknowledge-based.Museumssupporttourism.Theyaretourismpushersinsmalltownsandlargecities.Museumsaren’taweightontaxrevenue(税收)oraseparateattentionfromothercityprojects.19Itisreportedthatmuseumssupportmorethan726,000jobsinAmerica.Museumsshapecommunities.Theyholdactivitiesandshowsthroughwhichvisitorscanlearnaboutthelocalhistory.Museumsareplaceswhereasharedestate(遗产)iscelebratedandacollectiveonenessisformed.Theyprovideaninterestingpublicspacewherepeoplemeetandtalktoeachother.20A．Museumsoftenholdkids-centeredshows.B．Museumsbringoutthebestpartsofchildren.C．Instead,theyraisemoneyandcreatemorejobs.D．Then,visitalocalmuseumtolearnaboutthatsubject.E．Evenshoppingatthegiftshopthereisachanceforconnection.F．Ontheotherhand,theycostthecitygovernmentsomemoneyyearly.G．Thefact,however,isthatmuseumsoffermagicaladvantagesinmanyways.一、基础练习题(A)LibrariesaresomeofthemostmagicalplacesonEarth.Theyprovideawealthofknowledge,opendoorsintootherworlds,andcreateopportunitiesforeveryone.Ifyouarenewtousinglibraries,youmightbesurprisedtolearnhowmuchtheycandoforyou.1Getalibrarycard.Totakeoutanythingfromyourlocallibrary,youfirstneedalibrarycard.2Thelibrarywillhaverulesabouthowmanybooksyoucanborrowandforhowlong.Whenit’stimetoreturnthem,youcanbringthembackorsometimeskeepthemalittlelonger.Visityourlocallibrarytoapplyforacardandaskthelibrarianabouttherules,3Ifyou’retryingtofindabookandcan’tremembertheexacttitleorthenameoftheauthor,alibrariancanhelp.Tellthemthesubjectsthatinterestyou,andtheycanmakegreatsuggestions.4Theycanshowyouhowtosearchonlineandfindthecorrectinformation.Enjoyscheduledevents.5Youcancheckthelibrary’swebsiteforalistofupcomingactivitiesandsignupwithyourcard.Thesemayincludetween(8到12岁的少年)andteenbookclubs,gamingclubs,artworkshops,andfunclasseslikechess,crafting,andcoding(编程).A．Gethelpfromthelibrarians.B．Goformoreinterestingbooks.C．Thishelpsyouavoidgettingfined.D．Herearesometipsonhowtogetstarted.E．Librarianscanalsohelpwithyourschoolprojectresearch.F．Alotoflibrariesholdvariousfreeactivitiesforyoungpeople.G．Itgivesyouborrowingrightstocheckoutbooksandotherthings.(B)TheGreatRiftValleyTheGreatRiftValleyinAfricaisoneofthemostamazingnaturalwondersonEarth.Itstretchesover6,000kilometers,cuttingacrossmorethan20Africancountries.FormedbythemovementofEarth’splates,thishugevalleyhaschangedthelandscapeandlifeofAfricaformillionsofyears.6OneofthemostvaluablefeaturesoftheGreatRiftValleyisitsuniquegeologicalenvironment.7Thesefrequentgeologicalactivitieshavecreatedcountlesssteepmountains,deeplakesandstrangerockformations.Unlikecommonflatplains,thevalleyhasvariouslandformsthatattractgeologistsallovertheworldtocarryoutresearch.8Thespecialsoilandwaterconditionshereprovideperfectlivingplacesforrareplantsandanimals.Manyendangeredspeciesthatcanhardlysurviveinotherareaslivesafelyinthisvalley.Localgrasslandsandforestsalsoofferrichfoodresourcesforwildlife,formingacompleteandbalancedecologicalsystem.Besidesitsnaturalbeauty,theGreatRiftValleyisalsoimportantforhumanhistory.Expertshavefoundalargenumberofancienthumanfossilsandsimpletoolshere.9Therefore,thevalleyiswidelyregardedasthe“cradleofhumancivilization”.Today,theGreatRiftValleyfacessomeenvironmentalrisks.Climatechangeandhumanactivitiessuchasovergrazinghavedamagedpartsofitsecosystem.10Onlyinthiswaycanwekeepthisancientandbeautifulnaturalwonderforfuturegenerations.A．Itisstillanactivegeologicalareawithoccasionalearthquakesandvolcaniceruptions.B．TheGreatRiftValleyisalsoahometodiversewildlife.C．Ithasalonghistoryandrichculturaltraditions.D．Thesediscoverieshelppeoplebetterunderstandtheoriginandevolutionofhumans.E．Peoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofprotectingthispreciousnaturalland.F．Itisfamousforitswarmclimateandcomfortablelivingenvironment.G．Itisnotonlyageologicalmiraclebutalsoatreasureofnatureandhumanity.二、进阶练习题(A)BuildingpositivefamilyrelationshipswithteenagersIt’sthecommondailymomentsfamiliesshare—likechattingoverbreakfast,watchingashowtogether,oraquickbedtimecheck-in—thatbuild,strengthen,anddeveloptrusting,warmrelationshipswithteenagers.1.*Showloveandappreciation.2.Whisper(低声说)“Iloveyou”eachnightwhenyougotobed,shareacheerfulhighfivefortheirlittlewins,orpausetopraisetheirefforts.Thesetinyactsraisetheirconfidenceandmakethemfeeltreasureddaily.*Havefamilymeals.Sitdownforfamilymealsregularly.Leteveryonechatabouttheirdailylives,funlittlemoments,orthingsthatarecomingupsoon.3,no-onewillfeelthey’rebeingputonthespottotalk.Also,manyfamiliesfind