衔接点22 语法填空两大考向透视之无提示词（初高考点差异及衔接）（讲义）（原题版）

衔接点22语法填空考向透视之无提示词初中视角高中展望初中语法填空文本上短文篇幅短，多小故事、简单日常说明文；句式以简单句、基础复合句为主，生词少，文意浅显易懂。考点上纯基础语法：时态、主谓一致、名词单复数、人称代词、介词、冠词、基础连词；给出提示词多直接变形，无复杂变形规则；无提示空只考固定搭配介词/and/but等基础连接词；不涉及复杂非谓语、复合从句、特殊句式。命题与答题要求考点单一孤立，一句话基本只考一个语法点；上下文逻辑关联弱，单句就能推出答案；陷阱少，熟记基础规则即可拿分。高中语法填空文本上语篇篇幅更长，科普、议论文、人物传记居多；大量长难复合句、嵌套从句，抽象词汇、熟词生义较多，语篇逻辑紧密。考点上提示词：非谓语动词、各类时态语态、形容词副词比较级、词性转换（名/动/形互变）、不规则变形；无提示词：定语从句关系词、名词性从句引导词、特殊连词、限定词；兼顾句子语法+段落逻辑，兼顾固定搭配与句式结构分析。命题与答题要求考点综合化，一句话常叠加多层语法；不能只看单句，要结合全篇时态、上下文逻辑判断；易设陷阱：固定搭配混淆、谓语与非谓语区分、各类从句引导词混用，对句子拆解能力要求高。衔接引导初中阶段考查形式：侧重语法知识的识记和简单运用，多以单句填空、简短语篇形式考查语法知识。高中阶段考查形式：注重语法知识的灵活运用和理解，更多地在语篇语法填空中综合运用语法知识。【初中考点聚焦】初中：以基础为主，考点多为“显性语法规则”（如基础时态语态、固定搭配、简单词形转化）。阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。PearlS.Buck(1892–1973),alsoknownasSaiZhenzhu,wasanAmericanwriter.Eventoday,she1(consider)oneofthemostimportantWesternerstowriteaboutChina.Herwritingshows2(we)thatunderstandingbetweenpeopleisalwayspossible.TheGoodEarth,Buck’smostpopularnovel,cameoutin1931.Inthisbook,Buckwrotenotonlyaboutpovertybutalsoaboutthe3(beautiful)ofdailylife,thewarmthoffamily,andthequietcourageoffarmers.4societythatshedescribedwaswarmandfulloflife.Throughthisbook,manypeopleintheWestlearned5ChinaandbegantoseeChinesefarmersashonest,kind,andhardworkingpeople.Buck’simportanceliesin6shegottoknowdifferentcultures.ShegrewupinChinaandspentmanyyearslivingandworkingwithlocalpeople.Thishelpedherunderstandtheirlives7(deep).WecanlearnfromBuckthatmeaningfulculturalexchangestartswitheverydayexperiences,notimagination.However,China8(change)greatlyandbecomemoreconnectedtotheworldtoday.9(understand)modernChina,readingBuck’sbooksaloneisnotenough.Yetitisstill10(value)toseepeoplethroughtheirsharedfeelingsasBuckdid.【高中考点聚焦】课标解读高中语法填空主要考查有：时态、语态、谓语与非谓语动词、倒装、连词、三大从句、特殊句式、词组及固定搭配等。题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。有提示词(4~5个)和无提示词(5~6个)两种。有提示词的考向主要有:谓语动词的时态，语态和主谓一致以及非谓语动词、形容词/副词的级别、词形词性转化等；无提示词的考向主要有;介词、冠词、连接词、代词等;且每空只能填一个单词。考点清单考点二、语法填空之无提示词1）冠词表示泛指的“一(个,本,座……)”时用不定冠词a/an，表示特指时用the。2）介词句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。常用介词：in,on,at,to,from,of,off,under,above,below,over,across,through,beyond,behind,beside,between,among,near,up,down,along,around,before,after,since,for,against,besides,except,by,with,without,about,as,like,during,into,throughout,until,within,toward,past,despite,regardlessof,inspiteof,becauseof,dueto,owingto,thanksto,exceptfor,apartfrom,otherthan,suchas,accordingto,insteadof,ratherthan,aswellas,inadditionto,…3）代词当句子缺主语、宾语或定语时，填代词。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,单数、复数；还是填形式主语或形式宾语的it。(注意定语从句可省略作宾语的关系代词,宾语从句可省略that情况，反身代词不能做主语，可做宾语和同位语情况等)主要考察：人称代词we,you,her,it,they等；物主代词my,their,yours,hers等；反身代词himself,themselves等；指示代词this,these,that,those;不定代词everything,something,anything,nothing,everyone,someone,everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,both,either,neither,all,none,each,others,theother,another,theothers,one,theone(s).4）情态动词和助动词若结构较完整，空格在主语和谓语动词之间且动词是原形，一般是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)。小试牛刀：1．Itisveryimportantforstudentstoconcentrateschoolwork.(用适当的词填空)2．“Watchout!”Leighseizedmebyarmanddraggedmeoutofthewayoftherushingcar.（用适当的词填空）3．BattleofChosinReservoirmadedeepimpressiononme.(用适当的词填空)4．Iwillkeep(they)companywhiletheyareintrouble.(所给词的适当形式填空)5．Inordertobetteradapt(we)tonewcircumstances,wemustbereadyandwillingtoacquirenewskills.(所给词的适当形式填空)6．Iamwritingtoapplythejobasalawyerinyourcompany.(用适当的词填空)7．Inbrief,Iamscaredlettingofffireworks.(用适当的词填空)8．Themedicinebeonthewaytobetested,butI’mnotsure.(用适当的词填空)9．Ilovetheweekend,becauseIgetupearlytogotoschool.(用适当的词填空)10．Heisabad­temperedman,buthebequitekindandpatientsometimes.(用适当的词填空)5）三大从句引导词及其它从属连词三大从句是指名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从近几年高考语法填空题来看，几种从句都有涉及，尤以主语从句和同位语从句居多。形容词性从句就是定语从句，它包括限制性和非限制性定语从句两种。状语从句总计有九种。主要考查时间状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句。强调句：Itis...that...定语从句:关代：that,which,who,whom,whose,as;关副：when,where,why名词性从句:从属连词：that,if/whether,because,asif;关代：what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever;关副：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however状语从句:时间when,while,as,before,after,every/eachtime,assoonas,themoment/minute,hardly…when,nosooner…than,since,once,until；地点where,wherever；原因because,as,since,nowthat；目的inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfearthat；结果sothat,so/such…that；比较than,as…as,themore…themore…；让步although,though,evenif/though,while,as,nomatterwhat/who/when…,whatever….,whether…or；方式as,asif/though；条件if,unless,aslongas…6）并列连词若两个或三个单词、短语或句子之间设空，可能是填并列连词。并列连词：and,but,or,so,for,yet,then,however,therefore,while,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,not…but小试牛刀：1．Iwasabouttogiveupthematchmybestfriendencouragedmetogoon.(用适当的词填空)2．Themeetingwasputoffseveralkeymembershadunexpectedschedulingconflicts.(用适当的词填空)3．Inordershecouldcatchthefirstbus,shegotupveryearly.(用适当的词填空)4．Themountainslooksograndallvisitorsaredeeplyimpressed.(用适当的词填空)5．yousubmityourresearchproposalbyFriday,youwillnotbeabletoapplyforthegrantthissemester.（用适当的词填空）6．Shewarnedherparentsofthedanger,atfirsttheyjustthoughtshewasjoking.(用适当的词填空)7．Theoldmanstillpaintshedidwhenhewasyoung—withgreatpatienceandpassion.(用适当的词填空)8．Thestudyfoundthatthelouderthemusic,the(bad)theperformanceinconcentration.（所给词的适当形式填空）9．The(careful)youareintheexam,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.(所给词的适当形式填空)10．Theschoolwhichwepaidavisittolastweekwasbuilttherehadbeenatheater.(用适当的词填空)11．It’skindofhardtofindabalancebetweenwhatyouhavetodowhatyouwanttodo.(用适当的词填空)12．Shewantedtogototheconcert,shehadtoworkovertime.(用适当的词填空)13．Doyouwanttotakethemtothezoo,woulditbewisertogotothepark?（用适当的词填空）14．Ifyoulikemathsyoucouldbeanaccountant;youcouldbeamathsteacher.(用适当的词填空)15．Itturnedouttobealovelyday,wedecidedtogooutforawalk.(用适当的词填空)16．makesitstrikingistheexpressionoffear.(用适当的词填空)17．Itdoesn’tmatteryoupaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.(用适当的词填空)18．Ihavenoideawillbeinchargeofthecompany.(用适当的词填空)19．Youshouldknowyou’regoingbeforeyouplanthebestwayofgettingthere.20．Didyouknowthemanisstandingattheschoolgate?(用适当的词填空)单句语法填空（无提示词）一、冠词1．WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewasshy,nervousperfectionist.2．Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilledgoatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.3．TheTangDynastyproducedhostofgreatpoets,suchasLiBai,DuFuandBaiJuyi.4．ThomasEdisonwasatforefrontofthesearchforalternativewaystopowervehicles.5．expert,togetherwithsomeassistants,wassenttohelpwiththeworktheotherday.二、介词1．Hewonthebadmintonmatchthefactthathewasplayingwiththewronghand.2．Live,high-detailsatellitemappingcouldprobablybeusedtokeeptagsonanybodyatanytime,theperson’sknowledge.3．Itstartedwiththingsassessingcreditriskfromloanapplications,sortingthemailbyreadinghandwrittencharactersfromzipcodes.4．76participantsdifferentcountrieswalkedshouldertoshoulderthroughtheperformancezoneinaprogramthatgreetedallthepeoplearoundtheworld.5．Everybodywastouchedwordsaftertheyheardhermovingstory.(三、代词1．Helenisthekindofworkerwhoalwayspulls(she)weight.(所给词的适当形式填空)2．Whendoingscientificexperiments,thestudentsabsorbed(they)inobservingthechangescarefully.(所给词的适当形式填空填空)3．Youshouldapply(you)toyourstudywhole-heartedly.（所给词的适当形式填空）4．Hefancies(he)agoodsinger,butheneedsmorepractice.(所给词的适当形式填空)5．Everyfestivalhas(it)differentcustomsanduniquecharms.(所给词的适当形式填空)四、情态动词1．Handshakinghavestartedasanancientcustomtodemonstratetoastrangerthatyouhadnoweaponinyourhand.2．Butgrocerystorebreadstayfreshduringlongshippingandstoragetimes.Socompaniesoftenputachemicalpreservativeinit.3．WhisperCamel-Means,thetribesdivisionmanagerforthewildliferefuge,saidundertheFishandWildlifeServicesupervision,theexhibitstherepreviouslyusedadifferenttribes’wordforbison,whichtheynotaccept.五、从属连词1．Aloafofhomemadebreadhassimpleingredientssuchasflour,water,saltandsugar.youmakeityourself,youhavecontroloveryouringredients.2．Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkind,theyhuntthemforfood.3．Located

theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.4．Involvingthekidsinplanningthevacationmakessurethattheyhaveagreatvacationtoo.Iprefertovisithistoricalsitesandmuseumswhiletheylovetofishandswim.SoIbuildinsomerelaxationtimeforusall

thevacationcanworkforeveryone.5．Hehadhiscameraready

hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.六、并列连词1．Drugabusehasseriouseffectsonindividualsphysicallyandmentally,theeconomiclossescausedbydrugabusearegreat.2．Notonlyaremorepeopletakingtorunning,theyareusingwearabledevicesandusingsoftwareontheircellphonestorecordthedistancetheycoverandtheamountofcaloriestheyburn.3．CharlesCheadleofCesarChavezSchoolsays,“Boysarenotsoafraidthattheymightdosomethingthatwillharmthecomputer,

girlsareafraidtheymightbreakitsomehow.”4．Asaresultofshowingup,Jasontookopportunitiesgothimclosertohisgoal.HesentworktoastudentshowandwasacceptedbyRobinRule,theownerofRuleGallery.5．IhadneverseenwhatasandstormlookedlikeItoldhimIwantedtogooutjusttoseeitformyself.一、语法填空基础练习(A)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TimandItalkedalotabouthisproblemstoday,andI’msogladthatIcouldhelpmybestfriend.Italsoleftme1(think)aboutwhatitreallymeanstobea“goodfriend”.Inmyopinion,thefollowing2(quality)formthebasisofafriendship.Agoodfriendneedstobe3(support).IcanseethatTimishavingtrouble4(balance)hisprojectandhisschoolwork,andIcanseethatbothareimportanttohim.Imustrespectandsupportthechoiceshemakes.Ishouldalsoencouragehim5(take)actiontogetoverthesedifficulties.Agoodfriendalsoneedstobeselfless.TimissomeonewhomIshouldtrymybesttohelp.Whenhe’sstruggling6hisschoolwork,IshoulddoallIcantohelphimbecomea7(efficient)learner.It’lltakeupsomeofmysparetime,8thisfriendshipisworthmyextratimeandeffort.I’msurethatTimwoulddothesameforme.Tome,agoodfriendbringsoutthebestinaperson.AndIthinkTimistheone9bringsoutthebestinme.Through10(we)conversationtoday,Iknowthatourfriendshipwillgrowstrongerthanever.(B)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Benisinan11(embarrass)situationandheturnstoAgonyAuntforhelp.Bensaidthathebecamevery12(annoy)becauseofhisschoolbasketballteam’sfailureinthelastmatch.Hethoughtthattheirpointguardshouldberesponsible13it.ThenBentoldthattohisbestfriend,who,however,toldeveryonewhathehadsaid.Heisinatotalmessnow,writingtoAgonyAuntforhelp.Inthereplyletter,AgonyAuntsaysoneofthe14(strategy)tokeeparelationshipisclearcommunication.Firstly,itisagoodideatoapologisetohisteammate.Wantingtowinanymorebasketballgames,theyneedtoworktogether,15meanscommunicatingwitheachotherclearlyand16(resolve)conflicts.Thenitwouldbebettertotellhisfriendthatheisangrywithhimforrepeating17hesaidandmakingthesituation18(bad),butthathewantstomoveon.19(approach)inthatway,hisfriendshipwillberepaired.Thirdly,andmost20(important),Benshouldthinkabouthisownbehaviourandnotsaytoomuchwhenhebecomesangry.(C)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aftergraduation,ZhangTianappliedforandbecameavolunteerteacherinavillageschool.Heimaginedallsortsof21(excite)thingsaboutlivingindependentlyandteachinginavillage.22,noteverythingliveduptohishopes.Theschoolwasmuch23(small)thanhehadexpected.Theplaygroundgot24(dust)onwindydaysandmuddyonrainydays.Livinginthevillagewasalsomore25(challenge)thanhehadthought.Buthedecidedtostayanddealwiththechallenges.26(make)schoollifehealthierandlivelierforhisstudents,heintroducedmoresubjects27theschool—music,artandPE.It’sbeenatoughyear,buthehasenjoyedworkingwiththechildren.28madehimfeelsatisfiedwasthathisstudentswereabletoread,speakandwriteinEnglishandtheybecamemore29(confidence).Besidesteaching,ZhangTianalsomadeagreat30(contribute)tothevillage,sohebecameverypopularamongthevillagers.二、语法填空进阶练习1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Smartphone:asmartchoice?Iwasasmartphoneaddict.Myeyeswerealwaysglued31thelittlescreen.SometimesIhadtheuncomfortablefeelingthatthislittlemachinehadtakenuptomuchofmytime,andthatIcouldhavedonesomethingmoremeaningful.Slidingintothehabitwaseasy,32itwasdifficulttoquitthehabit.ThenthedaycamewhenI33(final)realizedIhadtomake34change.Headdown,eyesonmysmartphone,Isteppedintotheroadandacarshotpast,nearly35(knock)meoffmyfeet!.Atthatverymoment,Imadeupmymindtospendawholeweekwithoutmysmartphone.Thefirstdaywasthe36(hard).Iwasusedtocheckingthenewsandmyfriends’socialmediaupdateseveryfewminutes,butnowIdidnotknowwhattodowithmyself.Itwas37(scare)atfirst.ThensomehowIbegan38(feel)free.IfinallypickeduptheclassicnovelIhadalwayswantedtoreadandwassoonlostinthebeautifullanguage.Thedetailsofthescene39(reveal)