Unit 3 Conservation（过关测试）-2022-2023学年高二英语单元复习练（北师大版2019选择性必修第一册）

Unit3Conservation过关测试第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMust-readBooksthatAreHittingtheBigScreenThisYearTheZookeeper’sWifebyDianeAckermanStarring:JessicaChastainandJohanHeldenberghReleaseDate:July31,2017Thistruestoryisbothheartbreakingandheartwarming.AckermanartfullyretellsthestoryofJanandZabinskiandhowtheyusedtheirzootosaveoverthreehundredpeoplefromtheNazis.Aftertheirzoowasbombed,theymanagedtohidepeopleinanimalcages,givinganimalnamestotheirguestsandhumannamestotheiranimals.Thisisonestorywetrulyhopelivesuptothehopeonfilm.TheLostCityofZbyDavidGrannStarring:SiennaMillerandRobertPattinsonReleaseDate:August14,2017Lookingforadventure?Thisstoryisjustwhatyouneed.Thebook(orfilm)tellsthetaleofBritishexplorerPercyFawcettandhowheventuredintotheAmazonjunglein1925,nevertoreturn.It’sanenchantingmysterythatwecan’twaittoseeplayoutonscreen.TheDinnerbyHermanKochStarring:RichardGereandRebeccaHallReleaseDate:October5,2017Wealwayssaywe’ddoabsolutelyanythingforourkids,right?Thestorybeginswithtwocouplespolitely,eatingdinnertogether,avoidingaconversationabouttheirchildrenwhohavecommittedahorrificact.Asthestorygoeson,you’llseejusthowfartheseparentswillgotoprotecttheonestheylove.TheCirclebyDaveEggersStarring:EmmaWatsonandPattonOswaltReleaseDate:November28,2017Ayoungwoman,Mae,ishiredtoworkforapowerfulInternetcompanyandfeelslikeshe’shitthejobjackpot.Thefacilityisveryadvanced,lively,andabitwild.Mae’sstorybeginsasoneofambitionbutsoonturnsintoaheart-racingstoryofsuspense.21.WhydidJanandZabinskiputpeopleinanimalcages?A.Toofferthemlivingplaces.B.Totreatthemasanimals.C.Toavoidbeingbombed.D.TohidefromtheNazis.22.Whoplaystheroleofamodernwhite-collarwoman?A.EmmaWatson.B.RebeccaHall.C.SiennaMiller. D.JessicaChastain.23.Whencanyougotoseethefilmifyouenjoyadventurestories?A.InJuly. B.InAugust.C.InOctober. D.InNovember.BAnightatthemoviesisalwaysagoodidea.Butwhenyouleavethetheaterandrealizeyoujustdropped$45onaticketandsomesnacks,you’llwishyouhadbeenpatientenoughtowaituntilthemoviecameoutonNetflix.TheaveragemovieticketpriceintheUnitedStatesin2000was$5.39;now,aticketisover$9.Themainreasonthatmovieticketshavegottensoexpensiveisbecauseofinflation(通货膨胀).Itwasactuallymoreexpensivetogotothemoviesinthe1970sthanitisnow.Aticketin1978cost$2.34.Ifyouplugthatintoaninflationcalculator,thesameticketwouldcostyou$9.46today.AccordingtotheNationalAssociationofTheaterOwners,theaveragecostforatickettodayis$9.11.Anotherreasonyouneedtodipintoyourlifesavingstoseeamovieonthebigscreenisthattheatersarecompetingwithstreamingservicesthatproducetheirownfilms,suchasNetflix,Hulu,andAmazon.Andlet’sbehonest,sittingathomeonyourcouchorinyourbedismorecomfortablethansittinginacoldtheater.Becauseofstreamingtechnology,movietheatershavetodosomethingtobringincustomers.Attractions—includingalcohol,recliningseats(躺椅),surroundsound,and3-Dmoviesareallexamplesofthat.Andthoseupgradescomeataprice,leadingtomoreexpensivetickets.“There’sallthatextracost,andit’sreallyimportantfortheaterownersandcompaniestomakethatexperienceasenjoyableaspossible,”PatrickCorcoran,vicepresidentoftheNationalAssociationofTheatreOwnerstoldMarketplace.“Becauseyou’reofferingasuperbexperience—audienceexpectationsareforthelatestandgreatesttechnology.Audiencesarewillingtopaymoreforaparticularexperience.”24.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesmovieticketssoexpensive?A.Theviewersarewealthierthanbefore.B.Themovietheatresofferpopcorns,alcoholforfree.C.Inflationhasmadetheticketpriceappearhigherthanbefore.D.Thepopularmovieswithfamousstarsdeservethehighprice.25.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A.NetflixisalwaysabetterchoiceformovieviewersthantheatresB.comfortableseatsensuremovietheatresadistinctadvantageoverstreamingservicesC.theviewersactuallypayfortheupdatesofthemovietheatresviamoreexpensiveticketsD.thetheaterownersandcompaniesupdatethetheaterstowingoodfame26.WhichofthefollowingwouldPatrickCorcoranmostprobablyagreewith?A.It’sunwiseforviewerstopaysomuchtowatchamovieinthetheater.B.Thehighpriceofamovieticketissupposedtobeinlinewithawonderfulexperience.C.It’sawasteofmoneytoprovidethelatesttechnologyinthetheatre.D.Theviewerswouldprefertositathomeonthecouchesorinthebeds.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BehindtheIncreasingPriceofMovieTicketsB.TechnologicalImprovementonMovieTheatresC.TheCompetitionbetweenMovieTheatreandStreamingServicesD.HowtoSavetheViewers’WalletsCMarylandisexpectedtobecomethefirststateoftheUSAtobanfoam(泡沫橡胶)foodpackaging,takeoutcontainersandcups.Thenewproposedlawpassedbothofthestate’slegislativebodies(立法机关)thisweekwithenoughvotestooverrideapotentialrejectionsignedbyGov.LarryHogan,whohasnotpubliclysignaledwhetherhesupportedthelawornot.Thelawwouldbecomethelatestinagrowingeffortworldwidetobankindsofsingle-useplasticproducts,duetotheirimpactsontheenvironment.Withthestatewidepreviousbaneffort,Maryland’stwocounties,PrinceGeorgeandMontgomery,hadalreadybannedfoampackaging.Del.BrookeLierman,whointroducedsimilarlegislationlastyearandin2017,sayschangingpublicopinionhelpedherthirdattemptsucceed.“Ithinkwehavereachedadangerpoint,”shesays.“Peopleareseeinghowcommonsingle-useplasticsare,andthattheyarenotrecyclableandnevergoingaway.Peoplearebeginningtounderstandtheimportanceoflivingmoresustainably.”Thenewlawwouldbanfoamfoodpackagingforproductspackagedin-state,includingrestaurants,cafes,foodtrucks,andgrocerystores.Thefinalversionofthebillincludesexceptions,suchasmeat.ThebanwouldgointoforceonJuly1,2020andwouldcarryfinesof$250.ThelegislationwasopposedbytheMarylandRetailersAssociation,whichwarnedthatoutlawingfoampackagingcouldhurtsmallbusinessesbyhighercosts.Foampackagingremainspopularamongrestaurantsandthefoodindustrybecauseitislightweight,inexpensive,andkeepsfoodanddrinkshot.Foamfoodcontainershavebeenbannedincitiesorcountiesin11states,includingSeattle,Portland,WashingtonD.C.,SanFrancisco,andnumerousothercitiesinCalifornia.AbaninNewYorkCitytookeffectatthebeginningofthisyearafteralonglegalbattleendedlastsummer.28.HowdidMarylandcarryoutthebanoffoamfoodpackaging?A.Bypassinganewlaw.B.Byfiningfoampackagingusers.C.Byclosingsomelocalcompanies.D.Byteachingpeopletofocusontheenvironment.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“override”inParagraph1mean?A.Reject.B.Prove.C.Explain.D.Tolerate.30.WhatisthekeytothethirdsuccessaccordingtoDel.BrookeLierman?A.Learningfromothercities.B.Gettingmedium’ssupport.C.Changingpublicopinion.D.Hurtingsmallbusinesses.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Foamfoodpackageswilldisappearintheworld.B.PeopleinMarylandsupportthelawabsolutely.C.Foamfoodpackageshaven’tanyadvantageatall.D.MeatwillbeallowedtobesoldinfoamfoodpackagesinAmerica.DTherehavebeenclaimsthatwarmingonMarsandPlutoisproofthattherecentwarmingonEarthiscausedbyanincreaseinsolaractivity,andnotbygreenhousegases.Butwecansaywithcertaintythat,evenifMars,Plutooranyotherplanethaswarmedinrecentyears,itisnotduetochangesinsolaractivity.TheSun’senergyoutputhasnotincreasedsincedirectmeasurementsbeganin1978.Ifincreasedsolaroutputreallywasresponsible,weshouldbeseeingwarmingonalltheplanetsandtheirmoons,notjustMarsandPluto.Oursolarsystemhaseightplanets,threedwarfplanetsandquiteafewmoonswithatleastathinatmosphere,andthusaclimateofsorts.Theirclimateswillbeaffectedbylocalfactorssuchasorbitalvariations,changesinreflectanceandevenvolcaniceruptions,soitwouldnotbesurprisingifseveralplanetsandmoonsturnouttobewarmingatanyonetime.OnetheoryisthatwindshaverecentlysweptsomeareasofMarscleanofdust,darkeningthesurface,warmingtheRedPlanetandleadingtofurtherincreasesinwindiness—apositivefeedbackeffect.ObservationsofthethicknessofPluto’satmospherein2002suggestedthedwarfplanetwaswarmingevenasitsorbittookitfurtherfromtheSun.Thefindingconfusedastronomersatthetime,andthecausehadyettobedetermined.Ithassincebeensuggestedthatthisisduetoagreenhouseeffect:AsitgetsclosertotheSun,Plutomaywarmenoughforsomeofthemethaneiceonitssurfacetoturnintoagas.Thiswouldcausefurtherwarming,whichwouldcontinueforawhileevenafterPluto’sorbitstartstotakeitawayfromtheSun.32.Whatcause(s)thewarmingofsomeplanets?A.Thesolarsystem.B.Theirlocalfactors.C.Volcanicmountains.D.Thethinatmosphere.33.WhatistheoutcomeoftherecentwindsonMars?A.They’vecooledtheplanet.B.They’veleftaclearsky.C.They’vecausedmorewinds.D.They’vehelpedcleantheplanet.34.WhatdoweknowaboutthethicknessofPluto’satmosphere?A.Itremainsmysterious.B.Ittroublesastronauts.C.Ithasbecomethinner.D.Itcontributestothewarming.35.WhichofthefollowingmightleadtothewarmingonEarthaccordingtothewriter?A.Solaractivity.B.MarsandPluto.C.Greenhousegases.D.TheSun’senergyoutput.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whowouldwininafight,alionoratiger?Well,ifsizehasanythingtodowiththematter,thetigerwouldwin.That’sbecausetigersarethelargestofallcatspecies.36Theycandashasfastas40milesperhourforshortdistancesandleapasfaras30feet.Youmaynotthinkthatsuchlarge,fast,andfiercetigersneedhelptosurvive,buttheydo.

Atthestartofthe20thcentury,therewereover100,000tigerslivinginthewild.Bytheturnofthecentury,thenumberoftigersoutsideofcatchdecreasedtojustover3,000.Interestingly,themostseriousthreatsthattigersfacecomefromamuchsmallerspecies,onewithanaverageweightofaround140lbs.ThatspeciesisHomosapiens,betterknownashumans.37

38Peoplehavelongvaluedthefamousstriped(有条纹的)skins.Thoughtradingtigerskinsisnowillegalinmostpartsoftheworld,tigerfuriswortharound$10,000ontheblackmarket.Thoughthefurwouldbeincentive(刺激的)enoughformosthunters,otherpartsofthetigercanalsofetchaprettypenny.SomepeopleinChinaandotherAsianculturesbelievethatvarioustigerpartshavecurefunction.TraditionalChinesemedicinecallsfortheuseoftigerbones,amongotherparts,tocuresomediseases.

39Inotherwords,peoplehuntedtigersonlyforthethrillandachievementofkillingthem.Suchkillingstookplaceinlargescaleduringthe19thandearly20thcenturies,whenanEnglishhuntermightdemandtokilloverahundredtigersintheirhuntingcareer.Thoughthispracticeismuchlesspopulartodaythanitwasinthepast,ithasnotstoppedentirely.

Humanshavedonegreatdamagetotheworld’stigerpopulationthroughhunting,butperhapsmoredamagehasbeencausedthroughthedestructionofhabitat.TigersoncerangedwidelyacrossAsia,allthewayfromTurkeytotheeasterncoastofRussia.Butoverthepast100years,tigershavelost93%oftheirhistoricrange.ThetigerpopulationisnowisolatedinsmallpocketsinsouthernandsoutheasternAsia.40Humanshavebuilttownsandcities.Roadandtransportsystemswerecreatedtoconnectthesetownsandcities.Tofeedthepeoplelivingintheseareas,forestsandfieldshavebeenclearedtocreatefarmland.Amajordifficultytopreservingtigersisthelargeamountofterritory(领土,领域)thateachtigerrequires.Eachwildtigerdemandsbetween200and300squaremiles.Becausetigersneedsomuchterritory,itisreallydifficulttoacquireenoughlandtosupportalargepopulationoftigers.

A.Tigersarehuntedformanyreasons.B.Tigershavealsobeenhuntedasgame.C.Tigersarenotonlylarge,theyarealsofast.D.Thoughhumanshavedonegreatharmtotigers.E.Alionisnotaslargeasatigerbutrunsfasterthanit.F.Thisisbecausehumanshaveheavilychangedtheenvironment.G.Humansthreatentigersinprimarilytwoways:huntinganddestroyinghabitat.第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myparentsweresoproudofme,especiallyofsomethingIaccomplished.Thisisoneofmyhappiestmemoriesand,sadly,alsothe41Ihaveofmyparents.They42inoneeveningwhensomedrunkenmencrashedtheircarintothem.

Fromthenon,Iwas43.Imissedthemgreatly,but44surprisinglywellonmyown.Iftheywerealive,theywouldbemost45ofthemomentImetmybestfriend,ElizaJones.I’malsomostproudofthat46.

ItwasaJuneevening.Iwasseventeenyearsoldandsittingonatreebranch,listeningtothemusicthewatercreatedunderthebridge.JustthenInoticeda(n)47appearonthebridge.Suddenlyitstoppedonthetopofthebridgeand48totheriver.

I49upandlaunchedmyselfatthefallingfigure.Ihadneverswumatthis50.Ihadtocatchit;51Iwouldneverforgivemyself.Iswamfasterandfasterand52thefigure.Ilaidthepersonontheriverbankandfounditwasagirl,aboutmyage.SheaskedmewhyItriedto53her,IsaidIcouldn’tjustwatchsomeonedidn’t54herlife.ThenwetalkedandIfoundwebothlikedtoreadaboutfairies.

Shetoldmeshewasawriterwhowantedtotravelaroundtheworldandwriteamazingfantasynovels.Iwasgladshehadatargetforthefuture.Isaid,“Tomorrowmorningthesunwillrise,bringingwithitthe55ofanotherstart.”Andshepromisedshewouldcontinuelivingwell.AfterthatIhadafondmemoryofthebridge.

41.A.easiest B.longest C.deepest D.last42.A.died B.escaped C.returned D.married43.A.stubborn B.nervousC.unaccompanied D.impatient44.A.travelled B.played C.changed D.managed45.A.frightened B.proudC.aware D.confident46.A.moment B.adviceC.achievement D.dream47.A.accident B.poster C.pattern D.figure48.A.referred B.jumped C.turned D.pointed49.A.turned B.spoke C.shot D.woke50.A.atmosphere B.speedC.length D.chance51.A.otherwise B.insteadC.however D.besides52.A.created B.discoveredC.grasped D.abandoned53.A.rescue B.rememberC.support D.suspect54.A.review B.treasure C.check D.choose55.A.background B.operationC.appointment D.promise第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ForthefirsttimeinthehistoryofPekingOpera,fourwomenperformedapieceintheChinaNationalPekingOperaCompany(CNPOC)productions56.May27thatShanghai’sMajesticTheater.ThePekingOperaperformancewasoneofthe5157.(produce)showedatthe12thChinaArtFestivalinShanghai.TheCNPOCbroughttogetherthreestories58.(base)oneventsduringtheRedArray’sLongMarch.“Theyarestoriesaboutthe59.(brave)oftheRedArmyduringtheLongMarch,”saysSongChen,headoftheCNPOC.“Intheplay,youcansee60.thesesoldiersdotosacrificethemselvestohelpothers.Peoplewillbe61.(deep)touchedbytheirfaithanddevotion.”

Oneofthestoriesisaboutthreewomensoldiers62.(stay)foranightatafarmer’shomeinavillage.TheysleepinthehomeofalocalwomannamedXuJiexiu,andfeelsorryforherpoorlivingconditions.Whentheyleavethenextmorning,asoldierusesapairofscissors63.(cut)uptheonlyquiltshehas,leavinghalfofitforthevillagewoman.

PekingOperastyles64.(develop)overhundredsofyears,65.createsawiderangeofroleseachfeaturingdistinctivemethodsofperformanceandsingingstyles.

第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)从二十世纪90年代以来,中国私家车产量不断增加,到2018年已经达到3.22亿辆。汽车带给人们方便的同时,也产生了许多问题。请向校英语报投稿,呼吁同学们关注这些问题。要点如下:1.中国私家车的发展及其好处;2.私家车增多带来的问题(如堵塞、污染、事故等);3.提出改善措施。注意:1.词数80左右,可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;2.信的开头已给出,不计入总词数。Deareditor,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。MyparentsandIhadbeenplanningmybrother’sbirthdaypartysincethebeginningofMarch.Johnnywouldbesixyearsoldintwodays.Mymomwasgoingtobakeherspecialchocolatecakewithwhiteicing.AsIwatchedher,Ithought,Gee,IwonderwhatIcandotomakemybrother’sbirthdayspecial.IknewmyparentshadalreadyboughtapresentformetogivetoJohnny,butIwantedtobuyhimsomethingIhadchosenmyselfandwiththemoneyIhadsaved.Aftergivingitsomethought,Iwantedtobuyhimthepaint-by-numberkit(数字涂色小套装)Ihadseenatthestorearoundthecorner.IdecidedtoemptymycoinjarandseehowmuchmoneyIhadsaved.However,IwasdisappointedtofindtherewasmuchlessthanIhadimagined.“Oh,no,Ionlyhaveaboutthreedollars,”Imutteredtomyself.ThesetcostmorethanIhavesaved.Suddenlya“great”ideaoccurredtome.Islidintomyparents’bedroomwheremydadkeptloosechangeontopofthedresser.Istoodonmytiptoesandsawsomedime,nickels,andafewquarters.IcarefullycountedoutwhatIneededtomakeupthedifference.I’msureDadwon’tmindjustthisonce,Ithought.However,Iwassoonovercomebyguilt.Eventhoughtherewasnooneelseinthebedroom,IfeltlikeIwasbeingwatched.Momwasalwaystellingusabouttheimportanceofhonesty.Maybemyplanwasn’tsuchagreatideaafterall,Ithought.Ijingledthechangearoundinmypocketwhilewonderingwhattodo.Igrabbedmyjacketfromtheclosetandheadedtowardthedoor.“Whereareyougoing,honey?”Momasked,“Oh,justuptothecornerstore,”Ireplied.“Well,don’tstayouttoolong,Daddywillbehomesoon.”“Okay,Mom.”Iranoutofourhouse.OnceIgottothestore,Itookthepaint-by-numberkitfromtheshelf.“CanIhelpyou,younglady?”thesalesclerkasked.“No.I’mjustlooking,thankyou,”Isaid.“That’sareallynicepaintkit.Wesellalotofthemand,asyoucansee,that’sthelastone.”shesaid.注意:续写词数应为150左右。Inoddedmyheadinagreement,withmymindracing.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IwouldjusthavetowaituntilIsavedtheextramoneyIneeded.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几部即将上映的影片。21.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文中“theyusedtheirzootosaveoverthreehundredpeoplefromtheNazis.Aftertheirzoowasbombed,theymanagedtohidepeopleinanimalcages,givinganimalnamestotheirguestsandhumannamestotheiranimals”可知,Jan和Zabinski把人们藏在动物笼子里是为了从纳粹分子手里拯救人们。22.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据“Ayoungwoman,Mae,ishiredtoworkforapowerfulInternetcompanyandfeelslikeshe’shitthejobjackpot.”和“Starring:EmmaWatson”可知,EmmaWatson扮演的Mae作为白领在一家强大的互联网公司工作。23.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据“Thebook(orfilm)tellsthetaleofBritishexplorerPercyFawcettandhowheventuredintotheAmazonjunglein1925,nevertoreturn.”可知,讲述了英国探险家PercyFawcett以及他在1925年冒险进入亚马逊丛林的故事。因此,如果你想看冒险类的电影,可以在八月份看TheLostCityofZbyDavidGrann。B【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章分析了电影院高票价背后的原因。24.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Themainreasonthatmovieticketshavegottensoexpensiveisbecauseofinflation.”可知,电影票变得如此昂贵的主要原因是通货膨胀。25.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段中的Andthoseupgradescomeataprice,leadingtomoreexpensivetickets.可知,而这些升级是有代价的,使电影票更贵。由此可知,观众实际上是通过购买更贵的电影票来支付电影院的更新升级费用。26.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段PatrickCorcoran说的话可知,对于影院所有者和公司来说,使观众的体验尽可能愉快是很重要的。即PatrickCorcoran认为高票价应搭配一场美妙的体验。27.【解析】选A。标题归纳题。本文通篇讲述电影院服务与票价的关系,并分析了高票价背后的原因。C【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了马里兰州通过一项新法案来禁止泡沫食品包装,使其有望成为美国第一个禁止泡沫食品包装的州。28.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thenewproposedlawpassedbothofthestate’slegislativebodiesthisweekwithenoughvotes”可知,马里兰州是通过一项新法案禁止泡沫食品包装的。29.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容可知,马里兰州通过一项新法案来禁止泡沫食品包装,而且该项立法得到了足够的投票拒绝反对意见。故推知该词意为“拒绝”。30.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Del.BrookeLierman,whointroducedsimilarlegislationlastyearandin2017,sayschangingpublicopinionhelpedherthirdattemptsucceed.”可知,布鲁克·利尔曼表示,公众舆论的改变是她第三次尝试获得成功的关键。31.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thefinalversionofthebillincludesexceptions,suchasmeat.”可知,法案的最终版本包括一些例外,比如肉类,也就是说在美国,肉类将被允许以泡沫食品包装出售。D【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。有人认为地球变暖是因为太阳活动而不是由温室气体导致的,文章驳斥了这个观点,同时对太阳系里另外一些行星的变暖情况分别进行了分析。32.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句Theirclimateswillbeaffectedbylocalfactorssuchasorbitalvariations,changesinreflectanceandevenvolcaniceruptions可知导致某些星球变暖的原因很多,可能是受到这些星球的本身因素的影响。33.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段OnetheoryisthatwindshaverecentlysweptsomeareasofMarscleanofdust,darkeningthesurface,warmingtheRedPlanetandleadingtofurtherincreasesinwindiness—apositivefeedbackeffect.可知火星上的风吹走了灰尘,让火星变暖的同时也会导致风力的进一步变大。故C项为火星上的风产生的结果。34.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段第一句ObservationsofthethicknessofPluto’satmospherein2002suggestedthedwarfplanetwaswarmingevenasitsorbittookitfurtherfromtheSun.可知冥王星厚厚的大气层导致了冥王星变暖。35.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句可知有人认为地球变暖是因为太阳活动而不是温室气体。根据第二句可知,我们可以确切地说地球变暖不是因为太阳运动,也就是说地球变暖是温室气体导致的。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。通过对一些数据和事实的分析告知读者世界上老虎的数量濒临灭绝的主要原因在于人类对它们的猎杀以及对其生存环境的破坏。36.【解析】选C。根据下文Theycandashasfastas40milesperhourforshortdistancesandleapasfaras30feet.可知,下文是对选项中fast的具体说明,故C选项Tigersarenotonlylarge,theyarealsofast.(老虎不仅很大,而且也很快)符合语境。37.【解析】选G。根据上文Interestingly,themostseriousthreatsthattigersfacecomefromamuchsmallerspecies,onewithanaverageweightofaround140lbs.ThatspeciesisHomosapiens,betterknownashumans.可知,G选项Humansthreatentigersinprimarilytwoways:huntinganddestroyinghabitat.(人类主要从两个方面威胁老虎:狩猎和破坏栖息地)承接自然,上下文话题一致,都讲述人类对老虎的威胁。38.【解析】选A。根据下文的Peoplehavelongvaluedthefamousstripedskins.和SomepeopleinChinaandotherAsianculturesbelievethatvarioustigerpartshavecurefunction.可知,本段主要讲述人们狩猎老虎的原因。故A选项Tigersarehuntedformanyreasons.(老虎因为很多原因被狩猎)可以作为本段的中心句。39.【解析】选B。根据下文Inotherwords,peoplehuntedtigersonlyforthethrillandachievementofkillingthem.可知,B选项Tigershavealsobeenhuntedasgame.(老虎也被当作游戏狩猎)承接自然,符合语境。40.【解析】选F。根据上文ThetigerpopulationisnowisolatedinsmallpocketsinsouthernandsoutheasternAsia.可知,F选项Thisisbecausehumanshaveheavilychangedtheenvironment.(这是因为人类已经极大地改变了环境)承接自然,上下文构成明显的因果关系。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在父母车祸去世之后,一个偶然的机会救了一个跳河轻生的人,并告诉她要珍惜生命,并与之结为好友。41.【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文的sadly和下文中的Iftheywerealive可知,作者的父母已经去世,这是她对他们最后的回忆。42.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:当一些醉酒的人在一个晚上开车撞到他们时,他们去世了。43.【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。父母去世后,我没人陪伴。stubborn“固执的”;nervous“紧张的”;unaccompanied“无人陪伴的”;impatient“不耐烦的”。44.【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我很想念他们,但是也把自己照顾得很好。managewell“照顾得很好”。45.【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文I’malsomostproudof可知,他们会为我感到非常骄傲的。frightened“害怕的”;proud“骄傲的”;aware“意识到的”;confident“有信心的”。46.【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我也为那一刻感到骄傲。47.【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:就在那时我注意到一个人影出现在桥上。48.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:那个人影突然在桥顶停下,跳进了河里。49.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的launchedmyselfatthefallingfigure可知,我一下子跳了起来,冲向那个身影。50.【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:我从来没以这样的速度游泳过。51.【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:我必须抓住它,否则我不会原谅自己。52.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:我游得越来越快,抓住了那个身影。created“创造”;discovered“发现”;grasped“抓住”;abandoned“遗弃”。53.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。她问我为什么努力救她。54.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。我就是不能看着有人不珍惜她的生命。55.【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。明天太阳又会升起,随之而来的是新的希望的开始。第二节(共10小题;每小