2025年下半年贵州贵阳全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级练习试题库

2025年下半年贵州贵阳全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级练习试题库PartIListeningComprehensionDirections:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear5shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.1.A.Thewomanshouldquitherjob.B.Thewomanisworkingtoohard.C.Thewomanisnotqualifiedforherjob.D.Thewomanneedstobalanceherworkandlife.2.A.Heisgoingtovisithisfriend.B.Heisgoingtoattendaconference.C.Heisgoingtobuyanewcar.D.Heisgoingtorepairhiscar.3.A.Themanislookingforajob.B.Themanisinterviewingthewoman.C.Thewomanisaskingforapromotion.D.Thewomaniscomplainingabouthersalary.4.A.Shewillgotothecinemawiththeman.B.Shewillfinishherassignment.C.Shewillvisitherprofessor.D.Shewillattendalecture.5.A.Theweatherforecastisalwayswrong.B.Themanshouldbringanumbrella.C.Themanshouldcancelhistrip.D.Itisgoingtorainheavilytomorrow.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,3or4questionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Conversation16.A.Itisaverydangeroussport.B.Itisasportforthewealthy.C.Itisasportthatrequiresalotofpractice.D.Itisasportthatcanbelearnedeasily.7.A.Hehasbeendoingitforovertenyears.B.Hehasbeendoingitforfiveyears.C.Hehasbeendoingitfortwoyears.D.Hehasjuststartedlearningit.8.A.Shewantstotrythesport.B.Shethinksthesportistooexpensive.C.Sheisafraidofheights.D.Sheisnotinterestedinthesport.Conversation29.A.Todiscussanewproject.B.Toaskforaraise.C.Toreportaproblemwithacolleague.D.Toapplyforatransfertoanotherdepartment.10.A.Heisnotqualifiedforthenewposition.B.Heisnotgettingalongwithhiscurrentteam.C.Hewantstogainmoreexperienceinadifferentfield.D.Heisnotsatisfiedwithhiscurrentsalary.11.A.Thewomanwillconsiderhisrequest.B.Thewomanwillrejecthisrequest.C.Thewomanwilltransferhimimmediately.D.Thewomanwilldiscussitwiththemanager.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearashortpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillhear4questions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.12.A.ThehistoryoftheInternet.B.TheimpactoftheInternetoncommunication.C.Thedevelopmentofsocialmedia.D.ThedisadvantagesoftheInternet.13.A.Ithasmadecommunicationfasterandeasier.B.Ithasmadepeoplemoreisolated.C.Ithascreatedanewlanguage.D.Ithasreplacedtraditionalface-to-facecommunicationcompletely.14.A.Theyspendtoomuchtimeonsocialmedia.B.Theyarelosingtheirabilitytocommunicateinperson.C.Theyarebecomingmoresuperficialintheirrelationships.D.Alloftheabove.15.A.WeshouldcompletelyabandontheInternet.B.WeshouldusetheInternetwiselyandmoderately.C.Weshouldlimitchildren'saccesstotheInternet.D.Weshoulddevelopnewwaysofcommunication.PartIIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordorphraseforeachnumberedblankfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Theconceptofworkhasundergoneasignificanttransformationinrecentdecades.Inthepast,acareerwasoftenseenasalifelong16,whereanindividualwouldjoinacompanyaftergraduationandremainthereuntilretirement.However,themodernworkforceis17ashifttowardsthe"gigeconomy,"alabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontracts,freelancework,andindependentcontracting.Thisshiftisdrivenbyseveralfactors,includingtechnologicaladvancements,changing18ofwork-lifebalance,andthedesireforgreaterautonomy.Formany,thegigeconomyoffersthe19tobetheirownboss,choosetheirprojects,andworkfromanywhereintheworld.This20isparticularlyappealingtoyoungergenerationswhoprioritizeexperiencesandflexibilityoverjobsecurity.21,thisnewmodelofworkisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Gigworkersoften22traditionalemployeebenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans.Theyalsofacetheconstant23offindingnewclientsandprojects,whichcanleadtofinancialinstabilityandstress.Furthermore,thelackofa24workenvironmentcanleadtofeelingsofisolationandaweakenedsenseofprofessionalidentity.Governmentsandorganizationsarenowgrapplingwithhowto25thisgrowingsegmentoftheworkforce.Somecountriesareconsideringlegislationthatwould26gigworkerswitha"thirdcategory"ofemployment,grantingthemcertain27withoutfullyclassifyingthemasemployees.Othersareexploringportablebenefitsystemsthat28totheindividualratherthantheemployer.Ultimately,thegigeconomyrepresentsafundamental29inhowwedefinework.Whileitoffersunprecedentedfreedomandflexibility,italsodemandsahigherdegreeofself-relianceandfinancialliteracy.Asthelandscapeofworkcontinuestoevolve,itis30thatbothindividualsandsocietiesadapttothesenewrealitiestoensureasustainableandequitablefutureforallworkers.16.A.commitmentB.assignmentC.engagementD.appointment17.A.managingB.experiencingC.observingD.evaluating18.A.perspectivesB.prospectsC.prioritiesD.principles19.A.freedomB.burdenC.obligationD.pressure20.A.stabilityB.flexibilityC.regularityD.uniformity21.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.Consequently22.A.receiveB.claimC.lackD.demand23.A.challengeB.privilegeC.opportunityD.relief24.A.competitiveB.physicalC.sharedD.virtual25.A.ignoreB.regulateC.dismissD.encourage26.A.provideB.supplyC.equipD.furnish27.A.penaltiesB.benefitsC.restrictionsD.liabilities28.A.respondB.relateC.adhereD.belong29.A.continuityB.consistencyC.shiftD.return30.A.essentialB.optionalC.inevitableD.accidentalPartIIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.TextAThedeepsea,thelargesthabitatonEarth,remainsoneofthemostmysteriousandunexploredfrontiers.Coveringmorethan60oftheplanet'ssurface,thisvastexpanseishometoadiversearrayoforganisms,manyofwhichhaveyettobediscovered.However,thisremoteandfragileecosystemisfacinganunprecedentedthreat:deep-seamining.Drivenbythegrowingglobaldemandformineralssuchascobalt,nickel,andcopper,whichareessentialforelectricvehiclebatteriesandrenewableenergytechnologies,miningcompaniesareturningtheirattentiontotheoceanfloor.Theseabedisrichintheseresources,particularlyintheformofpolymetallicnodules,potato-sizedconcretionsthatlieontheabyssalplains.Extractingthesenodules,proponentsargue,isnecessaryforthetransitiontoagreeneconomyandcouldbelessenvironmentallydamagingthanterrestrialmining.However,marinebiologistsandenvironmentalistswarnthattheconsequencesofdeep-seaminingcouldbecatastrophic.Theprocessinvolvesdeployingmassivemachinesthatscrapetheoceanfloor,generatingsedimentplumesthatcansmotherbenthicorganismsanddisruptthedelicatefoodweb.Becausethedeepseaisacold,dark,andlow-energyenvironment,lifetheregrowsataglacialpace.Asinglenodulecantakemillionsofyearstoform,andtheecosystemsthatdependonthemmaytakedecadesorevencenturiestorecoverfromminingactivities.Furthermore,recentstudieshaverevealedthatthedeepseaplaysacrucialroleinglobalclimateregulation.Deep-seasedimentsareasignificantcarbonsink,trappingorganiccarbonthatwouldotherwisebereleasedintotheatmosphereascarbondioxide.Disturbingthesesedimentsthroughminingcouldpotentiallyreleasethisstoredcarbon,exacerbatingglobalwarming.TheInternationalSeabedAuthority(ISA),theUN-affiliatedbodyresponsibleforregulatingdeep-seamining,iscurrentlydraftingregulationsthatwouldgoverncommercialexploitation.However,manyscientistsandenvironmentalorganizationsarecallingforamoratorium,atemporarybanondeep-seamining,untilmorecomprehensivescientificresearchcanbeconductedtofullyunderstanditsecologicalimpacts.Theyarguethatthetransitiontogreenenergyshouldnotcomeattheexpenseoftheworld'smostpristineecosystems.31.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedeepseaisrichinresourcesneededforgreentechnology.B.Deep-seaminingposesasignificantthreattoafragileandimportantecosystem.C.TheInternationalSeabedAuthorityisfailingtoprotecttheocean.D.Terrestrialminingismoredamagingthandeep-seamining.32.Accordingtothepassage,whyareminingcompaniesinterestedinthedeepsea?A.Becausethedeepseaisalargelyunexploredfrontier.B.Becausethedeepseaishometoadiversearrayoforganisms.C.Becausethereisagrowingdemandformineralsusedinrenewableenergytechnologies.D.Becauseterrestrialmininghasbeencompletelyexhausted.33.Whatistheprimaryenvironmentalconcernregardingdeep-seaminingmentionedinthepassage?A.Itwillincreasethetemperatureofthedeepocean.B.Itwillcausemarineorganismstomigratetoshallowerwaters.C.Itwilldisruptthefoodwebandsmotherbenthicorganismswithsedimentplumes.D.Itwilldepletetheocean'soxygensupply.34.Theword"moratorium"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.apermanentban.B.atemporarysuspension.C.anewregulation.D.ascientificstudy.35.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedeep-seaenvironmentbasedonthepassage?A.Itishighlyresilientandcanrecoverquicklyfromdisturbances.B.Itisalow-energyenvironmentwherelifegrowsveryslowly.C.Itisnotimportantforglobalclimateregulation.D.Ithasbeenthoroughlyexploredandunderstoodbyscientists.TextBThephenomenonofthe"digitalnomad"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears.Enabledbyhigh-speedinternetandcloud-basedcollaborationtools,agrowingnumberofprofessionalsarechoosingtoworkremotelywhiletravelingtheworld.FrombeachsidecafesinBalitomountainlodgesintheSwissAlps,theworldhasbecometheiroffice.Thislifestyleisoftenromanticizedonsocialmedia,portrayedastheultimatefreedomfromthetraditional9-to-5grind.However,therealityofbeingadigitalnomadisoftenfarmorecomplexandchallengingthantheidealizedimagessuggest.Whilethefreedomtotravelisundeniablyappealing,itcomeswithauniquesetofpsychologicalandpracticaldifficulties.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesisthelackofastablecommunity.Constantlymovingfromoneplacetoanothermakesitdifficulttoformdeep,meaningfulrelationships.Digitalnomadsoftenreportfeelingsoflonelinessandisolation,despitebeingconstantlysurroundedbypeopleinco-workingspacesorhostels.Furthermore,thelinebetweenworkandpersonallifecanbecomeblurred.Withoutaphysicalofficetoleaveattheendoftheday,manydigitalnomadsfinditdifficultto"switchoff"andfullydisconnectfromwork.Thiscanleadtoburnout,astateofemotional,physical,andmentalexhaustioncausedbyexcessiveandprolongedstress.Thepressuretomaintainacertainlifestyle,coupledwiththeinsecurityoffreelanceorremotework,canexacerbatethesefeelings.Anotheroftenoverlookedaspectisthelegalandbureaucratichurdles.Mostcountriesdonothavespecificvisacategoriesfordigitalnomads,forcingthemtonavigateacomplexweboftouristvisas,visaruns,andworkpermits.Thiscancreateaconstantunderlyinganxietyaboutone'slegalstatusandthepossibilityofbeingdeniedentrytoacountry.Despitethesechallenges,thedigitalnomadlifestylecontinuestoattractpeoplefromallwalksoflife.Forthosewillingtonavigatethecomplexities,therewardsofculturalimmersion,personalgrowth,andprofessionalflexibilitycanbeimmense.However,expertssuggestthatsuccessfuldigitalnomadismrequiresmorethanjustalaptopandapassport;itrequirescarefulplanning,astrongsupportnetwork,andahighdegreeofadaptability.36.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Todiscouragepeoplefrombecomingdigitalnomads.B.Topresentabalancedviewofthedigitalnomadlifestyle,highlightingbothitsappealanditschallenges.C.Topromotethedigitalnomadlifestyleastheultimatewayofworking.D.Toexplainthelegalrequirementsofbecomingadigitalnomad.37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisamajorpsychologicalchallengefacedbydigitalnomads?A.Thedifficultyoffindingagoodinternetconnection.B.Thehighcostoflivinginpopularnomaddestinations.C.Thefeelingoflonelinessandisolationduetoalackofstablecommunity.D.Thedifficultyoflearningnewlanguages.38.Theword"blurred"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.madeclear.B.madedistinct.C.madeindistinctorunclear.D.madeeasier.39.Whydodigitalnomadsoftenexperienceburnout?A.Becausetheytraveltoomuch.B.Becausethelinebetweenworkandpersonallifebecomesunclear,makingithardtodisconnect.C.Becausetheyhavetoomuchfreetime.D.Becausetheirworkisusuallyveryphysicallydemanding.40.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisessentialforasuccessfuldigitalnomadlifestyle?A.Ahigh-payingjob.B.Alargesocialmediafollowing.C.Carefulplanning,astrongsupportnetwork,andadaptability.D.Aspecificcountry'spassport.TextCTheconceptof"universalbasicincome"(UBI)hasmovedfromthefringesofeconomictheorytothecenterofmainstreampoliticaldebate.UBIisagovernmentprograminwhicheverycitizenreceivesaregular,unconditionalsumofmoney,regardlessoftheiremploymentstatusorincomelevel.Proponentsarguethatitisanecessaryresponsetothegrowinginequalityandthepotentialdisruptionofthelabormarketcausedbyautomationandartificialintelligence.OneoftheprimaryargumentsinfavorofUBIisthatitprovidesasafetynet,ensuringthateveryone'sbasicneedsaremet.This,advocatesclaim,wouldreducepoverty,improvehealthoutcomes,andgiveindividualsthefreedomtopursueeducation,startabusiness,orengageinunpaidcarework.Bydecouplingsurvivalfromemployment,UBIcouldalsoempowerworkerstorejectexploitativejobsanddemandbetterworkingconditions.However,theideaisnotwithoutitscritics.Themostcommonobjectionisthecost.Providingameaningfulincometoeverycitizenwouldrequireanenormousamountofmoney,whichwouldlikelynecessitatesignificanttaxincreasesorcutstoexistingsocialprograms.CriticsalsoarguethatUBIcoulddiscouragepeoplefromworking,leadingtoadeclineinproductivityandeconomicgrowth.Theycontendthatauniversalincomemightalsofailtoaddressthespecificneedsofthosewhorequiremorethanjustabasicincome,suchaspeoplewithseveredisabilities.Despitethecontroversy,severalcountriesandcitieshaveconductedpilotprogramstotesttheeffectsofUBI.Theresultshavebeenmixedandoftendifficulttointerpret.Somestudieshaveshownimprovementsinwell-beingandmentalhealth,whileothershavefoundlittleimpactonemploymentrates.AmajorchallengeinthesetrialsisseparatingtheeffectoftheUBIfromothervariables,andtheshortdurationofmostpilotsmakesithardtopredictlong-termoutcomes.ThedebateoverUBIultimatelytouchesonfundamentalquestionsaboutthenatureofwork,theroleofthestate,andthedefinitionofajustsociety.Astheglobaleconomycontinuestoevolve,drivenbyrapidtechnologicalchange,thesearchforeffectiveandequitablewaystodistributewealthandensurethewell-beingofallcitizenswillonlybecomemoreurgent.WhetherUBIistheanswerremainstobeseen,butitsplaceinthepoliticalconversationisnowfirmlyestablished.41.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thehistoryofsocialwelfareprograms.B.Thecausesandconsequencesofautomation.C.Thedebatesurroundinguniversalbasicincome.D.Theeconomicbenefitsofreducingtaxes.42.Accordingtoproponents,whatisakeybenefitofUBI?A.Itwouldencouragepeopletoworklongerhours.B.Itwouldprovideasafetynetandempowerworkers.C.Itwouldreplacetheneedforallothersocialprograms.D.Itwouldsignificantlyincreasenationalproductivity.43.WhatisthemostcommoncriticismofUBImentionedinthepassage?A.Itistoocomplicatedtoadminister.B.Itwoulddiscouragepeoplefromworkingandistooexpensive.C.Itwouldonlybenefitthewealthy.D.Ithasalreadybeenprovennottowork.44.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheresultsofUBIpilotprograms?A.TheyhaveclearlyproventhatUBIisthebestsolutiontopoverty.B.TheyhaveconclusivelyshownthatUBIwilldestroytheeconomy.C.Theresultsareinconclusiveduetomixedoutcomesandshorttrialdurations.D.Theyhavebeenuniversallysuccessfulandledtopermanentadoption.45.Whatdoestheword"decoupling"inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Combiningtwothingsintoone.B.Separatingtwothingsthatareusuallylinked.C.Increasingthestrengthofaconnection.D.Ignoringaproblemcompletely.PartIVWritingSectionADirections:Youhavereadanarticleinalocalnewspaperabouttheincreasingproblemofplasticpollutioninyourcity'spublicparks.Writealettertotheeditorofthenewspaper.Inyourletter,youshould:1.Expressyourconcernabouttheissue.2.Describetheimpactofthispollutiononthecommunity.3.Suggestatleasttwopracticalsolutionstoaddresstheproblem.Youshouldwriteabout150words.SectionBDirections:Writeanessayofabout250wordsonthefollowingtopic:Somepeoplebelievethattherapidadvancementoftechnologyhasmadeourliveseasierandmoreconvenient,whileothersarguethatithasledtoincreasedstressandalossofprivacy.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.答案与解析PartIListeningComprehension听力录音稿SectionA1.M:Youlookexhausted.You'vebeenworkinguntilmidnighteverydaythisweek.W:Iknow,buttheprojectdeadlineisnextMonday.Ihavenochoice.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?2.W:IheardyouaregoingtoBeijingnextweek.Isitforavacation?M:Iwishitwere.I'mattendinganinternationalconferenceonrenewableenergy.Q:WhyisthemangoingtoBeijing?3.M:Couldyoutellmealittlebitaboutyourexperienceinmarketing?W:Ihavebeenworkinginthemarketingdepartmentofamultinationalcompanyforthepastfiveyears,focusingondigitalcampaigns.Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?4.M:Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithmetonight?There'sanewsci-fimovie.W:I'dloveto,butIhavetofinishmyassignmentfortomorrow'slecture.Q:Whatwillthewomandotonight?5.M:Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbesunnytomorrow.IthinkI'llgohiking.W:You'dbettertakeanumbrellaanyway.Theweatherinthemountainsisunpredictable.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?SectionBConversation1M:Hi,Sarah.Iheardyouwentrockclimbinglastweekend.W:Yes,Idid.Itwasanamazingexperience.M:I'vealwayswantedtotryit,butitlookssodangerous.Isn'titscary?W:Itcanbeatfirst,butonceyoulearnthetechniquesandtrustyourequipment,it'sactuallyquitesafe.Itrequiresalotofpracticeandfocus,though.M:Howlonghaveyoubeendoingit?W:Foraboutfiveyearsnow.Istartedwithanindoorclimbinggymandthenmovedtooutdoorclimbing.M:Thatsoundsexpensive.Thegearalonemustcostafortune.W:Itisaninvestment,butit'sworthit.Youshouldcomewithmesometime.Icanteachyouthebasics.M:I'mnotsure.Ihaveaslightfearofheights.Q6:Whatdoesthewomanthinkofrockclimbing?Q7:Howlonghasthewomanbeenrockclimbing?Q8:Whyisthemanhesitanttotryrockclimbing?Conversation2W:So,Mark,youwantedtospeakwithmeaboutsomething?M:Yes,Ms.Davis.I'vebeenworkinginthesalesdepartmentforthreeyearsnow,andIfeellikeI'vehitaplateauinmycareerhere.Iwashopingtodiscussapossibletransfertothemarketingdepartment.W:Isee.Themarketingdepartmentiscurrentlyworkingonanewproject,andtheycouldusesomeonewithyoursalesexperience.Butwhythesuddendesiretochangedepartments?M:IfeelthatI'vemasteredmycurrentroleandI'mnotlearninganythingnew.Iwanttogainmoreexperienceinadifferentfield,especiallyindigitalmarketing,whichIthinkisthefuture.W:That'savalidpoint.Wedoencourageinternalmobility.However,atransferwouldmeanachangeinyourresponsibilitiesandpossiblyyourcompensationstructure.M:Iunderstand,andI'mwillingtotakeonnewchallenges.W:Alright.Iwilldiscussyourrequestwiththemarketingmanagerandseeiftheyhaveasuitablepositionforyou.Ican'tmakeanypromises,butIwillputinagoodwordforyou.Q9:Whatisthepurposeoftheman'sconversationwiththewoman?Q10:Whydoesthemanwanttotransfertothemarketingdepartment?Q11:Whatwillthewomandonext?SectionCTheInternethasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate,connectingpeopleacrosstheglobeinwaysthatwereunimaginablejustafewdecadesago.Ithasmadecommunicationfaster,easier,andmoreaccessible,allowingustoshareideas,information,andexperiencesinstantly.However,thistechnologicaladvancementhasalsobroughtaboutsignificantchangesinoursocialinteractionsandrelationships.OneofthemostnoticeableimpactsoftheInternetoncommunicationistheriseofsocialmedia.PlatformslikeFacebook,Twitter,andInstagramhavecreatednewwaysforpeopletointeract,buttheyhavealsoledtoconcernsaboutthequalityofourrelationships.Criticsarguethatsocialmediaencouragessuperficialconnections,wherethenumberof"friends"or"followers"becomesmoreimportantthanthedepthoftherelationship.Furthermore,thereisagrowingconcernthattheInternetisleadingtoadeclineinface-to-facecommunicationskills.Aspeoplespendmoretimebehindscreens,theymaylosetheabilitytoreadnon-verbalcues,suchasbodylanguageandfacialexpressions,whicharecrucialforeffectivecommunication.Thiscanleadtomisunderstandingsandalackofempathy.Despitethesechallenges,theInternetremainsapowerfultoolforcommunication.Thekeyistouseitwiselyandmoderately,ensuringthatitenhancesratherthanreplacesourreal-worldrelationships.Itisessentialtofindabalancebetweenourdigitalandphysicallivestomaintainhealthyandmeaningfulconnectionswithothers.Q12:Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?Q13:Accordingtothepassage,whatisonepositiveeffectoftheInternetoncommunication?Q14:WhatconcernsareraisedabouttheimpactoftheInternetonyoungpeople?Q15:Whatdoesthespeakersuggestweshoulddo?答案解析1.【答案】B【解析】男士说女士每天工作到午夜，女士承认是因为项目截止日期。男士的话“You'vebeenworkinguntilmidnighteverydaythisweek”暗示女士工作太辛苦了。选项A（辞职）、C（不胜任）和D（平衡工作与生活，虽然相关但不是直接暗示）不如选项B准确。2.【答案】B【解析】男士明确表示他不是去度假，而是去参加一个关于可再生能源的国际会议。选项B“attendaconference”与此意思一致。3.【答案】B【解析】男士询问女士在市场营销方面的经验，女士回答她在跨国公司营销部工作了五年。这是典型的面试场景，男士是面试官，女士是求职者。4.【答案】B【解析】男士邀请女士看电影，女士说她很想去，但必须完成明天的讲座作业。因此她今晚要做作业。5.【答案】B【解析】男士说天气预报说明天晴天，他打算去徒步。女士建议他无论如何带上伞，因为山里的天气难以预测。所以女士建议男士带伞。6.【答案】C【解析】女士提到攀岩起初可能觉得危险，但一旦学会技巧并信任装备，其实很安全，不过需要大量的练习和专注。这说明攀岩是一项需要大量练习的运动。7.【答案】B【解析】男士问女士攀岩多久了，女士回答“Foraboutfiveyearsnow.”。8.【答案】C【解析】在对话最后，男士表示他有点恐高，因此对尝试攀岩犹豫不决。9.【答案】D【解析】男士提到在销售部门工作了三年，感觉遇到了瓶颈，希望能调到市场部门。因此对话的目的是申请部门调动。10.【答案】C【解析】男士解释他想调动是因为他觉得在当前岗位已经掌握了所有技能，没有新东西可学，他希望在数字营销等不同领域获得更多经验。11.【答案】A【解析】女士说她会和营销经理讨论男士的请求，看看是否有合适的职位，虽然不能保证，但会帮他美言几句。说明她会考虑他的请求。12.【答案】B【解析】短文第一句就点明主题：互联网彻底改变了我们交流的方式。随后讨论了互联网对沟通和社交关系的影响。13.【答案】A【解析】短文提到互联网使交流变得更快、更容易、更便捷。选项A与原文一致。14.【答案】D【解析】短文提到了社交媒体导致肤浅的联系、人们花太多时间在屏幕后导致面对面沟通能力下降等问题。选项D“以上所有”涵盖了这些担忧。15.【答案】B【解析】短文最后指出，关键是要明智、适度地使用互联网，确保它增强而不是取代现实世界的关系。选项B符合此意。PartIIUseofEnglish16.【答案】A【解析】commitment意为“承诺，投入”，这里指过去人们把职业看作终生的承诺。assignment“任务”，engagement“约会，订婚”，appointment“任命”，均不符合语境。17.【答案】B【解析】现代劳动力市场正在“经历”向零工经济的转变。experience在此意为“经历”。18.【答案】C【解析】priorities“优先事项”。人们工作与生活平衡的优先事项发生了改变。perspectives“观点”，prospects“前景”，principles“原则”。19.【答案】A【解析】零工经济提供了成为自己老板的“自由”。freedom与前文的autonomy相呼应。20.【答案】B【解析】flexibility“灵活性”。前文提到可以选择项目和在世界任何地方工作，这种特征就是灵活性，对年轻一代很有吸引力。21.【答案】B【解析】前文讲零工经济的好处，后文讲它的缺点，因此用However表示转折。22.【答案】C【解析】零工工人通常“缺乏”传统的员工福利，如健康保险、带薪休假等。lack符合句意。23.【答案】A【解析】寻找新客户和项目是一个持续的“挑战”。challenge符合语境。24.【答案】C【解析】shared“共享的”。缺乏共享的工作环境可能导致孤立感。physical“物理的”，virtual“虚拟的”，competitive“竞争的”。25.【答案】B【解析】政府和组织正在努力解决如何“监管”这部分不断增长的劳动力。regulate“监管，管理”最符合语境。26.【答案】A【解析】providesbwithsth“为某人提供某物”。这里指为零工工人提供第三类就业类别。27.【答案】B【解析】给予他们某些“福利”，而不必将他们完全归类为雇员。benefits与前文的drawbacks相呼应。28.【答案】D【解析】portablebenefitsystemsthatbelongtotheindividual“属于个人的便携式福利系统”。belongto“属于”。29.【答案】C【解析】零工经济代表了我们定义工作方式的一个根本性“转变”。shift与前文的transformation相呼应。30.【答案】A【解析】随着工作格局的演变，个人和社会适应这些新现实是“至关重要的”。essential“必不可少的”最符合语境。PartIIIReadingComprehensionTextA31.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段引出深海采矿这一主题，第二段介绍了深海采矿的原因，第三段和第四段详细阐述了深海采矿对脆弱生态系统和全球气候的灾难性影响，第五段讲述了各方对此的呼吁。因此B选项“深海采矿对一个脆弱且重要的生态系统构成了重大威胁”最能概括文章主旨。32.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Drivenbythegrowingglobaldemandformineralssuchascobalt,nickel,andcopper,whichareessentialforelectricvehiclebatteriesandrenewableenergytechnologies...”可知，采矿公司对深海感兴趣是因为对用于可再生能源技术的矿物需求不断增长。33.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Theprocessinvolvesdeployingmassivemachinesthatscrapetheoceanfloor,generatingsedimentplumesthatcansmotherbenthicorganismsanddisruptthedelicatefoodweb.”可知，主要的环境担忧是沉积物羽流会窒息海底生物并破坏食物网。34.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第五段“...manyscientistsandenvironmentalorganizationsarecallingforamoratorium,atemporarybanondeep-seamininguntilmorecomprehensivescientificresearchcanbeconducted...”中的“atemporaryban”可知，moratorium意为“暂停，临时禁止”。35.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Becausethedeepseaisacold,dark,andlow-energyenvironment,lifetheregrowsataglacialpace.”可推断，深海是一个低能量环境，生命生长非常缓慢。TextB36.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了数字游民生活方式的吸引力，第二段和第三段详细阐述了这种生活方式带来的心理和实际挑战，第四段提到了法律障碍，第五段进行了总结。因此B选项“呈现对数字游民生活方式的平衡看法，强调其吸引力和挑战”最能概括作者的主要目的。37.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Digitalnomadsoftenreportfeelingsoflonelinessandisolation,despitebeingconstantlysurroundedbypeopleinco-workingspacesorhostels.”可知，数字游民面临的主要心理挑战是由于缺乏稳定的社区而产生的孤独感和孤立感。38.【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段“Withoutaphysicalofficetoleaveattheendoftheday,manydigitalnomadsfinditdifficultto'switchoff'andfullydisconnectfromwork.”可知，没有实体