2025年下半年葫芦岛全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级练习试题库

2025年下半年葫芦岛全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级练习试题库SectionIListeningComprehensionDirections:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.Therearethreepartsinthissection,PartA,PartBandPartC.PartAForQuestions1-5,youwillhearashortlectureabouttheimpactofurbanagriculture.Whileyoulisten,filloutthetablewiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Someoftheinformationhasbeengiventoyouinthetable.Writeonly1wordor1numberineachnumberedbox.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.UrbanAgriculture:AGrowingTrend1.Percentageofglobalurbanpopulationengagedinurbanfarming:_______%2.Primarymotivationforlow-incomehouseholds:Food_______3.Environmentalbenefitmentioned:Reductionofurban_______4moncropgrowninrooftopgardens:_______5.Psychologicalbenefitforcitydwellers:Reductionof_______PartBForQuestions6-10,youwillhearaconversationbetweenastudentandaprofessor.ChoosethebestanswerfromA,B,C,orD.6.Whydoesthestudentvisittheprofessor?A.Toaskforanextensiononaresearchpaper.B.Todiscussthetopicofherupcomingpresentation.C.Toclarifyaconceptdiscussedinthepreviouslecture.D.Todropthecourseduetoaheavyworkload.7.Whatwasthestudent'sinitialideaforherpresentation?A.TheeconomicimpactoftheIndustrialRevolution.B.Theroleofwomenin19th-centuryliterature.C.Thepsychologicaleffectsofurbanization.D.Thehistoryofarchitecturalmodernism.8.Whatdoestheprofessorsuggestthestudentfocuson?A.Abroadergeographicalcomparison.B.Aspecificcasestudyofasinglecity.C.Thestatisticalanalysisofpopulationgrowth.D.Thepoliticalpoliciesoftheera.9.Accordingtotheprofessor,whyisthestudent'sinitialideatoobroad?A.Itcoverstoomanycenturies.B.Itrequiresknowledgeofmultiplelanguages.C.Itisdifficulttofindprimarysources.D.Itencompassestoomanyunrelatedsocialfactors.10.Whatwillthestudentmostlikelydonext?A.Gotothelibrarytofindspecificdata.B.Changehermajortourbanstudies.C.Interviewlocalcityplanners.D.Submitacompletelynewproposal.PartCForQuestions11-15,youwillhearamonologueaboutthepsychologyofremotework.AnswerthequestionsinNOMORETHANTHREEWORDS.11.Whatisthemainpsychologicalchallengeofremoteworkmentioned?12.Accordingtothespeaker,whatblurstheboundariesbetweenworkandpersonallife?13.Whatphysicalsymptomiscommonlyassociatedwithprolongedscreentime?14.Whichtermisusedtodescribethefeelingofbeingconstantlyavailableonline?15.Whatpracticedoesthespeakerrecommendattheendoftheday?ListeningComprehensionTranscriptPartAWelcometotoday’sseminaronurbansustainability.Wewillbefocusingonurbanagriculture,aphenomenonthatisreshapingcitiesglobally.Recentstudiesindicatethatapproximately15%oftheglobalurbanpopulationisnowengagedinsomeformofurbanfarming.Whileformanyitisahobby,forlow-incomehouseholds,theprimarymotivationremainsfoodsecurity.Beyondprovidingfreshproduce,urbanagricultureofferssignificantenvironmentalbenefits.Forinstance,rooftopgardenshelpmitigatetheurbanheatislandeffectbyabsorbingsunlightandcoolingthesurroundingair.Inthesespaces,lettuceisaparticularlycommoncropduetoitsshallowrootsystemandrapidgrowthcycle.Furthermore,engagingwithnature,eveninasmallgarden,hasbeenshowntoprovideasignificantpsychologicalbenefit,primarilythroughthereductionofstressamongcitydwellers.PartBProfessor:Comein,Sarah.WhatcanIdoforyoutoday?Student:ProfessorMiller,IwantedtotalkaboutmyupcomingpresentationfortheUrbanHistoryclass.I’vebeenstrugglingtonarrowdownmytopic.Professor:IrememberyoumentionedyouwereinterestedintheIndustrialRevolution.Whatwasyourspecificangle?Student:Initially,IwantedtocovertheeconomicimpactoftheIndustrialRevolutionacrossEurope.ButI’vebeenreading,anditfeelsoverwhelming.There’sjusttoomuchinformation.Professor:That’saverycommontrap.Theeconomicimpactisvast.Youcouldwriteawholebookonit.Isuggestyounarrowyourfocustoaspecificcasestudy.InsteadofallofEurope,perhapslookathowasinglecity,likeManchester,transformed.Student:Manchester?Thatmakessense.Itwasattheheartofthetextileindustry.Professor:Exactly.Byfocusingononecity,youcanexplorevarioussocialfactors—housing,labor,populationgrowth—withoutgettinglostingeneralizations.Yourinitialideawastoobroadbecauseitencompassedtoomanyunrelatedvariablesacrossdifferentcountries.Student:Thathelpsalot.So,IshouldlookforspecificdataonManchester’spopulationandfactorysystems?Professor:Yes.Iwouldrecommendstartingwiththedigitalarchivesinthelibrary.You’llfindcensusdataandfactoryreportsfromthe19thcenturythere.Student:I’llheadthererightafterthis.Thankyou,Professor.PartCThetransitiontoremoteworkhasbroughtaboutsignificantchangesinourdailyroutines,butithasalsointroducednewpsychologicalchallenges.Themostprominentoftheseisisolation.Withoutthecasualinteractionsofanofficeenvironment,manyremoteworkersreportfeelingdisconnectedfromtheircolleagues.Additionally,thephysicaloverlapoftheworkspaceandlivingspaceblurstheboundariesbetweenprofessionaldutiesandpersonallife.Thisoftenleadstoaninabilityto'switchoff'attheendoftheday.Physicalsymptomsarealsoprevalent,witheyestrainbeingthemostcommonlyreportedissueduetoprolongedscreentime.Thisconstantconnectivitycreatesaphenomenonknownasdigitalpresenteeism—thefeelingthatonemustalwaysbeavailableonlinetoprovetheyareworking.Tocombatthis,itiscrucialtoestablishastrictroutine.Ahighlyrecommendedpracticeistophysicallycloseyourlaptopandstepawayfromyourdesignatedworkspaceattheendofthedaytosignalthatworkisover.SectionIIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberedblankfromA,B,C,orD.Theconceptof"informationoverload"isnotanewphenomenon,butthedigitalagehasexacerbatedittoanunprecedenteddegree.Inthepast,informationwasrelatively16;itrequiredphysicalefforttoaccesslibrariesorarchives.Today,however,weare17byarelentlessstreamofdata.Thisconstant18ofinformationcanleadtocognitivefatigue,impairingourabilitytomakerationaldecisions.Psychologistsusetheterm"decisionparalysis"todescribethestatewhereanindividualis19withsomanychoicesthattheybecomeunabletochooseatall.Furthermore,thealgorithmiccurationofcontentmeansthatweareoftenfedinformationthat20ourpre-existingbeliefs.Thiscreates"echochambers"wheredissentingvoicesarefilteredout,leadingtoincreased21insociety.Thefundamentalissueliesinthefactthathumanbrainsarenot22toprocessinformationatthespeedandvolumeoftheinternet.Ourcognitivecapacityis23,andwhenweexceedit,ourcomprehensionandretentionrates24significantly.To25thisproblem,expertsrecommenddigitalminimalism.Thisinvolvesintentionally26theintakeoflow-valueinformationandsettingstrictboundariesfordigitaldeviceusage.Byperiodically27fromdigitalmedia,individualscanreclaimtheirattentionspansandreduceanxiety.Moreover,cultivatingcriticalthinkingskillsismore28thanever.Wemustlearnto29thecredibilityofsourcesratherthanacceptinginformationatfacevalue.30,navigatingthemoderninformationlandscaperequiresnotjustaccesstodata,butthewisdomtofilterit.16.A.abundantB.scarceC.accessibleD.permanent17.A.surroundedB.restrictedC.deprivedD.separated18.A.shortageB.lackC.influxD.decline19.A.satisfiedB.presentedC.overwhelmedD.familiar20.A.contradictsB.challengesC.reinforcesD.alters21.A.harmonyB.polarizationC.integrationD.apathy22.A.evolvedB.forcedC.designedD.required23.A.infiniteB.limitlessC.boundlessD.finite24.A.riseB.dropC.maintainD.fluctuate25.A.mitigateB.accelerateC.aggravateD.induce26.A.increasingB.sustainingC.reducingD.maximizing27.A.engagingB.disconnectingC.participatingD.subscribing28.A.trivialB.obsoleteC.essentialD.irrelevant29.A.ignoreB.evaluateC.assumeD.suspect30.A.UltimatelyB.ConsequentlyC.PreviouslyD.AccidentallySectionIIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.Text1Thetransitiontorenewableenergyisoftenheraldedasapurelyenvironmentalnecessity,butitseconomicimplicationsareequallyprofound.Thefossilfuelindustryhaslongbeenacornerstoneofglobaleconomicstability,providingmillionsofjobsandgeneratingvastrevenues.However,theshifttowardssolar,wind,andotherrenewablesourcesisdisruptingthistraditionaleconomicparadigm.Oneofthemostsignificanteconomicimpactsisthedecentralizationofenergyproduction.Unlikecoalornaturalgasplants,whichrequiremassivecentralizedfacilities,renewableenergycanbegeneratedonasmaller,distributedscale.Rooftopsolarpanelsandlocalwindturbinesallowcommunitiesandevenindividualhomeownerstobecomeenergyproducersratherthanjustconsumers.Thisshiftreducesthemonopolyoflargeutilitycompaniesanddemocratizesenergyaccess.Thejobmarketisalsoundergoingatransformation.Whilethedeclineofthecoalindustryhasledtojoblossesincertainregions,therenewableenergysectorisexperiencingexplosivegrowth.Themanufacturing,installation,andmaintenanceofsolarpanelsandwindturbinesrequireavastworkforce.However,thistransitionisnotwithoutfriction.Theskillsrequiredforrenewableenergyjobsareoftendifferentfromthoseinthefossilfuelsector,necessitatingsignificantinvestmentinretrainingandeducationprograms.Furthermore,thereductionincarbonemissionstranslatestotangibleeconomicbenefits.TheformulaR=illustratesthecarbonreductionrate,whereCUltimately,therenewableenergytransitionisnotjustaboutreplacingonepowersourcewithanother.Itisafundamentalrestructuringoftheglobaleconomy,movingfromacentralized,extraction-basedmodeltoadistributed,technology-drivenone.31.Accordingtothepassage,whatisaprimaryeconomiccharacteristicofrenewableenergycomparedtofossilfuels?A.Itrequiresmoremassivecentralizedfacilities.B.Itincreasesthemonopolyoflargeutilitycompanies.C.Itallowsforthedecentralizationofenergyproduction.D.Itgenerateslessrevenueforindividualhomeowners.32.Howdoesthejobmarketchangewiththetransitiontorenewableenergy?A.Fossilfueljobsaredirectlyreplacedbyidenticalrenewableenergyjobs.B.Therenewablesectorgrows,butworkersmayneedretrainingduetodifferentskillrequirements.C.Theoverallnumberofjobsintheenergysectordrasticallydecreases.D.Manufacturingjobsdisappearcompletely.33.WhatdoestheformulaR=A.Theeconomicgrowthrateoftherenewablesector.B.Thepercentageofenergyproducedbyrenewablesources.C.Therateofcarbonemissionreduction.D.Thecostsavingsfromdecentralizedenergy.34.Theword"democratizes"inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto:A.Makessomethingaccessibletoeveryone.B.Establishesapoliticalsystem.C.Concentratespowerinafewhands.D.Increasesthecostofacommodity.35.Whatistheauthor'soveralltoneregardingtherenewableenergytransition?A.Pessimisticandcritical.B.Objectiveandanalytical.C.Indifferentanddetached.D.Enthusiasticbutunstructured.Text2TheadventofArtificialIntelligenceincreativewritinghassparkedintensedebateamongauthorsandliterarycritics.Cananalgorithmtrulyreplicatethenuancesofhumanemotion,orisitmerelymimickingpatternsfoundinexistingtexts?RecentadvancementsinLargeLanguageModels(LLMs)havedemonstratedanimpressiveabilitytogeneratecoherentnarratives,writepoetry,andevencomposedialogue.Thesemodelsanalyzebillionsofwordsofhuman-generatedtexttopredictthemoststatisticallyprobablenextwordinasentence.However,criticsarguethatthisstatisticalapproachfundamentallylacks"intentionality."Ahumanwriterchoosesaspecificwordtoconveyapreciseemotionalstateorthematicmessage.AnAI,conversely,selectsawordbasedonmathematicalprobability,devoidofanyunderlyingconsciousness.Furthermore,thequestionoforiginalitycomestotheforefront.IfanAIistrainedontheworksofShakespeare,Dickens,andmodernauthors,isitsoutputtrulyoriginal,orisitasophisticatedformofplagiarism?ProponentsofAIarguethathumanwritersarealsoinfluencedbywhattheyread;theyinternalizestylesandsubconsciouslyreusestructuralpatterns.Yet,thereisaqualitativedifferencebetweensubconsciousinspirationanddirectalgorithmicsynthesis.Thelegalandethicalimplicationsarestillunresolved.Copyrightlawsgenerallyrequirehumanauthorship.AtextgeneratedentirelybyanAIcannotcurrentlybecopyrighted,leavingtheownershipofsuchworksinalegalgrayarea.Moreover,ifanAIgeneratesadefamatorystatementorreproducesbiasedstereotypespresentinitstrainingdata,assigningliabilitybecomescomplicated.Despitetheseconcerns,someauthorsviewAInotasareplacement,butasacollaborativetool.TheyuseAItoovercomewriter'sblock,generatealternativeplotlines,orexplorestylisticvariations.Inthisview,theAIactsasanadvancedwordprocessor,whilethehumanauthorretainstheroleofthedirector,providingtheemotionalcoreandethicalframeworkthatthemachinelacks.36.WhatisthemainargumentofcriticsregardingAI-generatedliterature?A.AIwritesmuchfasterthanhumans.B.AIlacksintentionalityandconsciousness.C.AIistooexpensiveforwidespreaduse.D.AIcannotpredictthenextwordaccurately.37.HowdoproponentsofAIdefendtheoriginalityofAItexts?A.ByclaimingAIinventscompletelynewlanguages.B.Byarguingthathumanwritersalsointernalizeandreusepatterns.C.BystatingthatAIdoesnotuseanyexistingtexts.D.Byprovingthatstatisticalprobabilityequalshumanemotion.38.WhatisthecurrentlegalstatusoffullyAI-generatedtextsaccordingtothepassage?A.TheyareownedbytheAIdevelopers.B.Theyareautomaticallycopyrightedtothepublic.C.Theycannotbecopyrightedduetotherequirementofhumanauthorship.D.Theyareheavilytaxedbythegovernment.39.HowdosomemodernauthorsviewAIintheircreativeprocess?A.Asacompletereplacementforhumanauthors.B.Asanuntrustworthytoolthatruinscreativity.C.Asacollaborativetooltoovercomeblocksandexplorestyles.D.Asalegalthreattotheirexistingroyalties.40.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthepassage?A.AIwilleventuallymakehumanwritersobsolete.B.AIinliteratureraisesquestionsofconsciousness,originality,andlegality,thoughsomeseeitasausefultool.C.AIcannotwritecoherentsentencesandisafailedtechnology.D.LegalframeworkshavealreadysolvedallissuesregardingAIauthorship.Text3Sleepisnotmerelyapassivestateofrest,butahighlyactivephysiologicalprocessessentialforcognitiveconsolidationandmetabolicregulation.Thearchitectureofhumansleepconsistsofdistinctstages,primarilycategorizedintoNon-RapidEyeMovement(NREM)andRapidEyeMovement(REM)sleep.NREMsleep,whichcomprisesabout75to80percentoftotalsleeptime,iscrucialforphysicalrestoration.DuringthedeepstagesofNREM,knownasslow-wavesleep,thebodyrepairstissues,strengthenstheimmunesystem,andbuildsboneandmuscle.Itisalsoduringthisstagethatthebrainclearsoutmetabolicwasteproductsthataccumulateduringwakinghours.Theabsenceofsufficientslow-wavesleepiscloselylinkedtoweakenedimmunityandimpairedphysicalrecovery.REMsleep,ontheotherhand,isassociatedwithdreamingandcognitivefunctions.DuringREM,thebrain'sactivityisremarkablysimilartoitswakingstate.Thisstageisvitalformemoryconsolidation—theprocessoftransferringshort-termmemoriesintolong-termstorage.Italsoplaysacriticalroleinemotionalregulationandlearning.DisruptionofREMsleepoftenresultsincognitivedeficits,difficultyconcentrating,andemotionalinstability.Themodernlifestyle,characterizedbyprolongedexposuretoartificialbluelightfromscreens,severelydisruptsthisnaturalsleeparchitecture.Bluelightinhibitsthesecretionofmelatonin,thehormoneresponsibleforregulatingthesleep-wakecycle.Consequently,individualsoftenexperiencedelayedsleeponsetandareductioninthedurationofbothdeepNREMandREMsleep.Tooptimizesleepquality,expertsrecommendmaintainingaconsistentsleepschedule,creatingadarkandcoolsleepingenvironment,andavoidingelectronicdevicesatleastonehourbeforebedtime.Understandingthecomplexbiologyofsleepisthefirststeptowardrecognizingitsfundamentalroleinoverallhumanhealth.41.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryfunctionofNREMsleep?A.Memoryconsolidationandemotionalregulation.B.Physicalrestorationandmetabolicwasteclearance.C.Enhancingcognitivelearningandconcentration.D.Promotingthesecretionofmelatonin.42.WhathappenstothebrainduringREMsleep?A.Itentersacompletelypassivestate.B.Itclearsoutmetabolicwasteproducts.C.Itsactivityresemblesthatofthewakingstate.D.Itrepairstissuesandstrengthenstheimmunesystem.43.Howdoesartificialbluelightaffectsleep?A.Itincreasestheproductionofmelatonin.B.Itdisruptsthesleep-wakecyclebyinhibitingmelatoninsecretion.C.Itextendsthedurationofslow-wavesleep.D.Ithasnosignificanteffectonsleeparchitecture.44.WhichofthefollowingisNOTrecommendedbyexpertstoimprovesleepquality?A.Keepingaconsistentsleepschedule.B.Ensuringthesleepingenvironmentisdarkandcool.C.Avoidingelectronicdevicesbeforebed.D.Exposingoneselftomoreartificialbluelight.45.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.REMsleepismoreimportantthanNREMsleep.B.Modernlifestylechoiceshavenoimpactonsleepquality.C.Sleepisacomplex,activeprocesswithdistinctstagescrucialforphysicalandcognitivehealth.D.Melatoninistheonlyfactordeterminingsleepquality.PartBDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ChoosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks(46-50).Theconceptofbiodiversityextendsfarbeyondthesimplevarietyofspecies.Itencompassesthegeneticdiversitywithinthosespeciesandthevarietyofecosystemstheyform.46._____Onecriticalaspectofbiodiversityisitsroleinecosystemstability.Adiverseecosystemisgenerallymoreresilienttoenvironmentalstressorssuchasclimatechange,disease,andnaturaldisasters.47._____Ifonespeciesiswipedoutbyadisease,otherscanstepintofulfillthatecologicalniche,preventingthecollapseoftheentiresystem.Furthermore,biodiversityhasprofoundimplicationsforhumanhealthandmedicine.Asignificantpercentageofourpharmaceuticalsarederivedfromnaturalcompoundsfoundinplants,fungi,andmicroorganisms.48._____Despiteitsrecognizedimportance,biodiversityiscurrentlydecliningatanunprecedentedrate.Theprimarydriversofthislossarehumanactivities,particularlyhabitatdestruction,pollution,andtheintroductionofinvasivespecies.49._____Thisnotonlyleadstotheextinctionofindividualspeciesbutalsodegradestheecosystemservicesuponwhichhumansurvivaldepends.Conservationeffortsmustthereforemovebeyondsimplyprotectingindividualcharismaticspecies.50._____Onlythroughaholisticapproachcanweensurethelong-termsustainabilityofourplanet.A.Theymustaddressthesystemicdriversofecosystemdegradation.B.Forexample,aforestwithawidevarietyoftreespeciesislesslikelytobecompletelydestroyedbyasinglepestinfestation.C.Thisrichtapestryoflifeistheresultofbillionsofyearsofevolution.D.Whenaspeciesgoesextinct,welosenotonlythatorganismbutpotentiallythecureforadisease.E.Protectingthesespeciesisofteneasierthanrestoringdamagedhabitats.F.However,manypeoplestillfailtorecognizeitsvalue.G.Asforestsareclearedforagriculture,theintricateweboflifeistornapart.SectionIVWritingPartA51.Directions:Youareinvitedtoattendaninternationalacademicconference,butyouhavejustrealizedyoucannotattendduetoasuddenscheduleconflict.Writeanemailtotheconferenceorganizer.Youshould:1)Apologizeforyourinabilitytoattend.2)Explainthereasonforyourabsence.3)Askifitispossibletopresentyourpaperviaapre-recordedvideo.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use"LiMing"instead.PartB52.Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingtopic:Theimpactofdigitalreadingontraditionalpaperreading.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdigitalreading,andgiveyouropiniononwhetherdigitalreadingwillcompletelyreplacepaperreadinginthefuture.SectionVTranslation53.Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(1)Themoderneconomyreliesheavilyontheseamlessexchangeofdataacrossinternationalborders.Frommultinationalcorporationscoordinatingsupplychainstoindividualssendingemails,cross-borderdataflowsaretheinvisibleinfrastructureofglobalization.(2)However,thisreliancehascreatedaparadox:whilethefreeflowofinformationfostersinnovationandeconomicgrowth,italsoposessignificantchallengestonationalsecurityandindividualprivacy.Governmentsworldwideareincreasinglyimplementingdatalocalizationlaws,requiringthatdataabouttheircitizensbestoredondomesticservers.(3)Proponentsoftheselawsarguethattheyareessentialforprotectingcitizensfromforeignsurveillanceandensuringthatlocallawenforcementcanaccessdatawhennecessary.(4)Conversely,criticswarnthatsuchregulationsfragmenttheinternet,increaseoperationalcostsforbusinesses,andultimatelystifletheveryinnovationthatdriveseconomicprogress.(5)Findingabalancebetweentheundeniablebenefitsofopendataflowsandthelegitimateneedforsecurityremainsoneofthemostcomplexpolicychallengesofthe21stcentury.AnswerKeyandDetailedExplanationsSectionIListeningComprehensionPartA1.152.security3.heat4.Lettuce5.stressPartB6.B。【解析】主旨大意题。学生说“Iwantedtotalkaboutmyupcomingpresentation...I’vebeenstrugglingtonarrowdownmytopic”，明确表示她是来讨论即将到来的演讲主题的。7.A。【解析】细节理解题。学生说“Initially,IwantedtocovertheeconomicimpactoftheIndustrialRevolutionacrossEurope.”，因此她最初的想法是工业革命的经济影响。8.B。【解析】细节理解题。教授建议“Isuggestyounarrowyourfocustoaspecificcasestudy.InsteadofallofEurope,perhapslookathowasinglecity,likeManchester,transformed.”，即建议她专注于单一城市的具体案例研究。9.D。【解析】推理判断题。教授解释“Yourinitialideawastoobroadbecauseitencompassedtoomanyunrelatedvariablesacrossdifferentcountries.”，encompassedtoomanyunrelatedvariables（包含了太多不相关的变量）与D选项（包含太多不相关的社会因素）意思相符。10.A。【解析】行动推断题。教授最后建议“Iwouldrecommendstartingwiththedigitalarchivesinthelibrary.”，学生回答“I’llheadthererightafterthis.”，说明她接下来最可能去图书馆寻找具体数据。PartC11.Isolation12.Physicaloverlap13.Eyestrain14.Digitalpresenteeism15.ClosinglaptopSectionIIUseofEnglish16.B。【解析】上下文逻辑题。过去的信息与现在的信息过载形成对比，过去信息是“稀缺的”，需要花费力气去图书馆查阅。A项abundant（丰富的）与语境相反；C项accessible（易接近的）不符合转折逻辑；D项permanent（永久的）不符语境。17.A。【解析】固定搭配与语境题。besurroundedby意为“被……包围”，符合今天我们被海量数据包围的语境。B项restricted（限制）、C项deprived（剥夺）、D项separated（分离）均不符合题意。18.C。【解析】名词辨析题。上文提到信息过载，这里指持续的信息“涌入”。C项influx意为“涌入、流入”，符合语境。A、B项意为短缺、缺乏，D项意为下降，均排除。19.C。【解析】动词辨析题。beoverwhelmedwith意为“被……淹没/压倒”，符合decisionparalysis（决策瘫痪）的语境，即人们被太多选择压垮以至于无法做出选择。20.C。【解析】上下文逻辑题。算法推荐内容通常会“强化”我们已有的信念。C项reinforces意为“强化、增强”。A项contradicts（反驳）、B项challenges（挑战）与语境相反；D项alters（改变）程度不符。21.B。【解析】上下文逻辑题。Echochambers（信息茧房）过滤掉不同意见，导致社会“两极分化”。B项polarization意为“两极分化”。A项harmony（和谐）、C项integration（融合）、D项apathy（冷漠）均不符合逻辑。22.A。【解析】动词辨析题。人类的大脑并没有“进化”到能够以互联网的速度和容量处理信息。A项evolved（进化）最符合语境。C项designed常用于被动语态，但此处强调生物进化过程。23.D。【解析】形容词辨析题。我们的认知能力是“有限的”。D项finite意为“有限的”。A、B、C项均意为“无限的”，与下文“当我们超过这个限度”逻辑矛盾。24.B。【解析】动词辨析题。当超过认知限度时，理解和记忆率会“下降”。B项drop符合题意。A项rise（上升）、C项maintain（维持）、D项fluctuate（波动）均不符逻辑。25.A。【解析】动词辨析题。为了“缓解”这个问题，专家建议数字极简主义。A项mitigate意为“减轻、缓解”。B项accelerate（加速）、C项aggravate（恶化）、D项induce（诱发）均不符语境。26.C。【解析】动词辨析题。数字极简主义包括有意识地“减少”低价值信息的摄入。C项reducing符合题意。27.B。【解析】动词辨析题。通过定期“断开”数字媒体，人们可以重新夺回注意力。B项disconnectingfrom（断开连接）符合语境。A、C、D项均不符题意。28.C。【解析】形容词辨析题。培养批判性思维比以往任何时候都更“必要”。C项essential意为“必不可少的”。A项trivial（琐碎的）、B项obsolete（过时的）、D项irrelevant（无关的）均排除。29.B。【解析】动词辨析题。我们必须学会“评估”信息来源的可信度。B项evaluate意为“评估”。A项ignore（忽略）、C项assume（假设）、D项suspect（怀疑）过于绝对或不符语境。30.A。【解析】副词辨析题。最后总结，“归根结底”，驾驭现代信息环境需要的不仅是获取数据，还需要过滤它的智慧。A项Ultimately意为“最终、归根结底”。SectionIIIReadingComprehensionPartAText131.C。【解析】细节理解题。文章第二段指出“thedecentralizationofenergyproduction”是可再生能源的一个主要经济特征。选项C（它允许能源生产的去中心化）与此相符。32.B。【解析】细节理解题。第三段指出，虽然煤炭行业工作减少，但可再生能源行业正在爆发式增长，同时提到“Theskillsrequiredforrenewableenergyjobsareoftendifferentfromthoseinthefossilfuelsector,necessitatingsignificantinvestmentinretraining”，即技能要求不同，需要再培训。选项B符合此意。33.C。【解析】推理判断题。文章第四段提到“TheformulaR=34.A。【解析】词义猜测题。第二段提到可再生能源允许社区和个人成为能源生产者，减少了大型公用事业公司的垄断，从而“democratizes”能源获取。结合语境，该词意为“使大众化、让所有人都能获取”，选项A（使某物对所有人开放）最接近。35.B。【解析】作者态度题。通读全文，作者客观地分析了可再生能源在去中心化、就业市场转型和减排经济收益等方面的利弊，态度是客观和分析性的。选项B正确。Text236.B。【解析】细节理解题。第二段提到批评者的观点：“criticsarguethatthisstatisticalapproachfundamentallylacks'intentionality.'...devoidofanyunderlyingconsciousness.”，即批评者认为AI缺乏意图和意识。选项B符合。37.B。【解析】细节理解题。第三段提到AI支持者的辩护：“ProponentsofAIarguethathumanwritersarealsoinfluencedbywhattheyread;theyinternalizestylesandsubconsciouslyreusestructuralpatterns.”，即认为人类也会内化和重用模式。选项B符合。38.C。【解析】细节理解题。第四段指出“Copyrightlawsgenerallyrequirehumanauthorship.AtextgeneratedentirelybyanAIcannotcurrentlybecopyrighted”，即完全由AI生成的文本目前由于需要人类作者的要求而无法获得版权。选项C正确。39.C。【解析】细节理解题。最后一段提到一些作者的观点：“someauthorsviewAInotasareplacement,butasacollaborativetool.TheyuseAItoovercomewriter'sblock...”，即作为克服写作障碍和探索风格的协作工具。选项C正确。40.B。【解析】主旨大意题。文章探讨了AI在文学创作中引发的关于意识、原创性和合法性的争议，并在