新初一数学有理数预习与计算衔接80题

新初一数学

有理数预习与计算衔接80题2026暑期衔接审校版·PAGEPUBLICATIONEDITION2026MATHTRANSITION/DIAGNOSIS&PRACTICE新初一数学

有理数预习与计算衔接80题正负数｜数轴与绝对值｜加减乘除｜乘方与混合运算｜答案解析80题4模块新初一预习符号专项最短使用路径01

先懂概念02

再练符号03

最后混合原创模拟训练资料｜可编辑｜可打印｜学生卷与解析分离RAT-80

STARTHERE/使用导览从小学非负数运算，平稳过渡到初中有理数围绕初一数学开篇高频难点，重点训练符号、数轴、绝对值和运算顺序。适用对象

六年级毕业生、新初一学生、家长、教师及衔接班交付结果

学生卷、答案解析、评分规则、错因诊断与二刷复测工具最短路径

先测→对照解析订正→按错因补弱→完成等值复测打印建议

学生卷与解析分开打印；复盘表可多份复印3步启动01

先懂概念02

再练符号03

最后混合使用边界本资料为原创模拟训练资料，非官方真题；结果用于学习诊断与衔接训练，不代表学校录取或分班结论。本版完成标准（DOD）✓每道题均配置已校验答案与方法提示✓学生卷与解析区明确分隔，便于双面或分册打印✓题型按难度与能力点组织，不用机械复制充数✓提供评分、错因编码、订正与等值复测闭环✓封面、标题层级、字体字号、页眉页脚统一

内容地图与完成顺序建议先按顺序完成；若用于快速诊断，可直接完成最后一组综合检测，再按失分模块回补。模块训练重点完成标准模块一正负数、数轴与绝对值20题建立“方向、距离、大小”三个核心概念。20题，正确率≥80%模块二有理数加减20题把减法统一成“加相反数”，再按符号规则计算。20题，正确率≥80%模块三有理数乘除与乘方20题先判符号，再算绝对值；乘方要看底数是否带括号。20题，正确率≥80%模块四混合运算与情境20题把小学计算规则迁移到含负数的混合运算。20题，正确率≥80%

MODULE/专项训练模块一正负数、数轴与绝对值20题建立“方向、距离、大小”三个核心概念。相反意义量数轴绝对值1.在-3、0、2.5、-1/2中，负数有几个？________________________________________________________________________________________________2.如果向东走5米记作+5米，那么向西走8米记作什么？________________________________________________________________________________________________3.温度从2℃下降7℃，结果是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________4.-4的相反数是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________5.绝对值等于6的数有哪些？________________________________________________________________________________________________6.|-7|等于多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________7.数轴上表示-2和5的点相距多少个单位长度？________________________________________________________________________________________________8.比较大小：-3（）-5。________________________________________________________________________________________________9.比较大小：-0.6（）-5/8。________________________________________________________________________________________________10.把-2.5、1、-1/2、0按从小到大排列。________________________________________________________________________________________________

11.若|x|=4，则x是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________12.若x的相反数是-7，则x是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________13.海拔-20米表示什么？________________________________________________________________________________________________14.某天最低温-3℃，最高温5℃，温差是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________15.在数轴上，-1向右移动4个单位到哪个数？________________________________________________________________________________________________16.在数轴上，2向左移动7个单位到哪个数？________________________________________________________________________________________________17.绝对值最小的有理数是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________18.-8与哪个数互为相反数？________________________________________________________________________________________________19.若a<0，则|a|与a的关系是？________________________________________________________________________________________________20.若|a|=a，则a的取值范围是？________________________________________________________________________________________________

MODULE/专项训练模块二有理数加减20题把减法统一成“加相反数”，再按符号规则计算。减法转加法同异号括号21.计算：(-5)+8。________________________________________________________________________________________________22.计算：7+(-12)。________________________________________________________________________________________________23.计算：(-6)+(-9)。________________________________________________________________________________________________24.计算：15-23。________________________________________________________________________________________________25.计算：(-4)-7。________________________________________________________________________________________________26.计算：(-9)-(-3)。________________________________________________________________________________________________27.计算：12-(-5)。________________________________________________________________________________________________28.计算：(-2.5)+1.2。________________________________________________________________________________________________29.计算：3/4+(-5/6)。________________________________________________________________________________________________30.计算：(-7/8)-(-3/4)。________________________________________________________________________________________________

31.计算：6+(-2)+(-5)。________________________________________________________________________________________________32.计算：(-10)+7-(-4)。________________________________________________________________________________________________33.计算：2.4-5.6+1.2。________________________________________________________________________________________________34.计算：(-3/5)+1/2-(-1/10)。________________________________________________________________________________________________35.计算：|-4|+(-7)。________________________________________________________________________________________________36.计算：-|-6|+8。________________________________________________________________________________________________37.计算：(-12)-[5-(-3)]。________________________________________________________________________________________________38.计算：4-[(-2)+7]。________________________________________________________________________________________________39.计算：(-1.5)-(-2.75)。________________________________________________________________________________________________40.计算：0-(-9)+(-4)。________________________________________________________________________________________________

MODULE/专项训练模块三有理数乘除与乘方20题先判符号，再算绝对值；乘方要看底数是否带括号。符号法则乘除顺序乘方底数41.计算：(-6)×4。________________________________________________________________________________________________42.计算：(-7)×(-5)。________________________________________________________________________________________________43.计算：36÷(-9)。________________________________________________________________________________________________44.计算：(-48)÷(-6)。________________________________________________________________________________________________45.计算：(-3/4)×8。________________________________________________________________________________________________46.计算：(-5/6)÷(10/9)。________________________________________________________________________________________________47.计算：(-0.25)×(-16)。________________________________________________________________________________________________48.计算：1.2÷(-0.3)。________________________________________________________________________________________________49.计算：(-2)×3×(-4)。________________________________________________________________________________________________50.计算：(-1)×(-2)×(-3)×(-4)。________________________________________________________________________________________________

51.计算：0×(-125)。________________________________________________________________________________________________52.计算：(-8)÷2×(-3)。________________________________________________________________________________________________53.计算：(-3/5)×(-10/9)。________________________________________________________________________________________________54.计算：(-1.5)×4÷(-2)。________________________________________________________________________________________________55.计算：(-7)^2。________________________________________________________________________________________________56.计算：-7^2。________________________________________________________________________________________________57.计算：(-2)^3。________________________________________________________________________________________________58.计算：(-1)^2026。________________________________________________________________________________________________59.计算：(-1)^2027。________________________________________________________________________________________________60.计算：(-0.5)^2×8。________________________________________________________________________________________________

MODULE/专项训练模块四混合运算与情境20题把小学计算规则迁移到含负数的混合运算。运算顺序括号实际意义61.计算：(-3)+5×(-2)。________________________________________________________________________________________________62.计算：18÷(-3)-4。________________________________________________________________________________________________63.计算：(-2)^2-7。________________________________________________________________________________________________64.计算：-2^2+7。________________________________________________________________________________________________65.计算：3-[4-(-5)]。________________________________________________________________________________________________66.计算：(-6)×[2+(-3)]。________________________________________________________________________________________________67.计算：12÷[(-2)×3]。________________________________________________________________________________________________68.计算：(-1/2+3/4)×8。________________________________________________________________________________________________69.计算：5-(-3)×2。________________________________________________________________________________________________70.计算：(-8)+(-12)÷4。________________________________________________________________________________________________

71.计算：2×(-3)^2-5。________________________________________________________________________________________________72.计算：(-2)^3+10。________________________________________________________________________________________________73.计算：|-7|-(-3)^2。________________________________________________________________________________________________74.计算：(-4)×0.5-(-1.5)。________________________________________________________________________________________________75.计算：1-2×[3-(-1)]。________________________________________________________________________________________________76.计算：(-5)+4-3+2-1。________________________________________________________________________________________________77.计算：(-0.6)÷0.2+5。________________________________________________________________________________________________78.计算：(2/3-5/6)÷(-1/3)。________________________________________________________________________________________________79.某地早晨-4℃，中午升高9℃，晚上又下降6℃，晚上温度是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________80.账户原有20元，支出35元后又收入12元，余额是多少？________________________________________________________________________________________________

ANSWERKEY/独立打印区答案解析与方法提示先完成学生卷再查看。答案尽量写成最简形式；含“方法”提示的题，建议对照自己的步骤而不是只核对结果。1.2个方法：小于0的数是负数易错：0既不是正数也不是负数2.-8米方法：相反意义的量用相反符号易错：先规定正方向3.-5℃方法：2-7=-5易错：下降用减法4.4方法：只有符号相反的两个数互为相反数易错：0的相反数是05.6和-6方法：到原点距离为6易错：有两个数6.7方法：绝对值表示距离易错：结果非负7.7方法：|5-(-2)|=7易错：距离非负8.＞方法：数轴上-3在-5右侧易错：负数绝对值大反而小9.＞方法：-0.6=-0.600，-5/8=-0.625易错：负数比较10.-2.5＜-1/2＜0＜1方法：数轴从左到右变大易错：负数在0左边11.x=4或x=-4方法：绝对值相等有正负两种易错：不要漏负数12.7方法：相反数再取相反数易错：符号13.低于海平面20米方法：负号表示低于基准易错：要说明基准14.8℃方法：5-(-3)=8易错：温差取正15.3方法：向右加4易错：方向16.-5方法：向左减7易错：方向

17.0方法：0到原点距离为0易错：不是118.8方法：和为0易错：相反数19.|a|=-a方法：负数绝对值等于其相反数易错：分情况20.a≥0方法：非负数绝对值等于自身易错：包含021.3方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号22.-5方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号23.-15方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号24.-8方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号25.-11方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号26.-6方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号27.17方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号28.-1.3方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号29.-1/12方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号30.-0.125方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号31.-1方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号32.1方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号

33.-2方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号34.0方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号35.-3方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号36.2方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号37.-20方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号38.-1方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号39.1.25方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号40.5方法：同号相加、异号相减；减法转化为加相反数易错：括号和符号41.-24方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号42.35方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号43.-4方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号44.8方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号45.-6方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号46.-0.75方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号47.4方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号48.-4方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号

49.24方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号50.24方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号51.0方法：先确定符号，再计算绝对值易错：负号个数与括号5