数学专业英语常用词汇

数学专业英语词汇代数项”

代数局部1.有关数*算add;plus力口”liketerms,similarterms同类项”

subtract减”numericalcoefficient数字系数”

difference差”literalcoefficient字母系数"

multiply,times乘"inequality不等式”

product积"triangleinequality三角不等式”

divide除“range值域”

divisible可被整除的”originalequation原方程”

dividedevenly被整除“equivalentequation同解方程，等价方程”

dividend被除数，红利”linearequation线性方程(e.g.5"*”+6=22)”

divisor因子，除数”

quotient商”4.有关分数和小数properfraction其分数”

remainder余数”improperfraction彳民分数”

factorial阶乘”mi*cdnumber带分数”

power乘方”vulgarfraction,monfraction普通分数”

radicalsign,rootsign,艮号”simplefraction简分数”

roundto四舍五入”pie*fraction繁分数”

tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并numera:or分子”

集“denominator分母”

propersubset真子集”(least)mondenominator〔最小〕公分母”

solutionset解集”quarter四分之一”

decimalfraction纯小数”

3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraicterminfinitedecimal无穷小数recurringdecimal循

环小数”6.有关数论naturalnumber自然数”

tenthsunit十分位”positivenumber正数”

negativenumber负数”

5.根本数学概念arithmeticmean算术平均值oddinteger,oddnumber奇数”

II

eveninteger,evennumber偶数”

weightedaverage加权平均值”integer,wholenumber整数”

geometricmean几何平均数”positivewholenumber正整数”

e*ponent指数，赛”negativewholenumber负整数”

base乘赛的底数,底边”consecutivenumber连续整数”

cube立方数，立方体”realnumber,rationalnumber实数，有理数”

squareroot平方根”irrational[number]无理数”

cuberoot立方根”inverse倒数"

monlogarithm常用对数”positcnumber合数c.g.

digit数字”4,6,8,9,10,12,14.15……”

constant常数”primenumber质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15注

variable变量"意：所有的质数（2除外）都是奇数，但奇数不

inversefunction反函数”一定是质数reciprocal倒数"

plcmentaryfunction余函数”mondivisor公约数”

linear一次的，线性的”multiple倍数”

factorization因式分解”（lcast）monmultiple（最小）公倍数”

absolutevalue绝对值，c.g.|-32|二32"（prime）factor（质）因子”

roundoff四舍五入”monfactor公因子”

ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制

nonnegative非负的table表格”

tens十位”trigonometricfunction三角函数”

units个位”unit单位，位”

mode众数”

median中数”几何局部1.所有的角alternateangle错角”

monratio公匕匕“correspondingangle同位角”

verticalangle对顶角"

7.数歹i|arithmeticprogression(sequcnce)等差数centralangle圆心角”

列“interiorangle角"

geometricprogression(sequence)等匕匕数列“e*teriorangle夕卜角"

supplementaryangles补角”

piementaryangle余角”

appro*imate近仿I”adjacentangle邻角"

(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向”acuteangle锐角"

cardinal基数”obtuseangle钝角*'

ordinal序数"rightangle直角”

directproportion正匕匕“roundangle周角”

distinct不同的”straightangle平角”

estimation估计，近似”includedangle夹角”

parentheses括号”

proportion比例”2.所有的三角形equilateraltriangle等边三角

permutation排列”形“

bination组合"scalenetriangle不等边三角形"

isoscelestriangle等腰三角形”tr叩ezoid梯形”

righttriangle直角三角形”

oblique斜三角形”4.其它平面图形arc弧”

inscribedtriangle接三角形”line,straightline直线”

linesegment线段”

3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircleparallellines平行线”

半圆”segmen:ofacircle弧形*'

concentriccircles同心圆”

quadrilateral四边形”5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数”

pentagon五边形”rectangularsolid长方体”

hexagon六边形”regularsolid/regularpolyhedron正多面体”

heptagon七边形”circularcylinder圆柱体”

octagon八边形”cone圆锥"

nonagon九边形”sphere球体"

decagon十边形”solid立体的”

polygon多边形”

parallelogram平行四边形”6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高”

equilateral等边形”depth深度”

plane平面”side边长”

square形，平方”circumference,perimeter周长”

rectangle长方形”radian弧度”

regularpolygon正多边形”surfacearea夕卜表积”

rhombus菱.形"volume体积"

arm直角三角形的股”

crosssection横截面”7.有关坐标coordinatesystem坐标系"

centerofacircle圆心"rectangularcoordinate直角坐标系”

chord弦"origin原点”

radius半径”abscissa横坐标”

anglebisector角平分线"ordinate纵坐标”

diagonal对角线”numberline数轴”

diameter直径”quadrant象限”

edge棱”slope斜率”

faceofasolid立体的面”pie*plane复平面”

hypotenuse斜边”

includedside夹边”8.其它

leg三角形的直角边”

medianofatriangle三角形的中线”planegeometry平面几何”

base底边，底数〔e.g.2的5次方，2就是底trigonometry三角学"

数〕”bisect平分”

opposite直角三角形中的对边”circumscribe夕卜切”

midpoint中点”inscribe切”

endpoint端点”intersect相交”

verte*（复数形式vertices）顶点"perpendicular垂直”

tangent切线的“Pythagoreantheorem勾股定理”

transversal截线”congruent全等的“

intercept截距”multilateral多边的"

2.有关文字表达题，主要是有关商业

intercalaryyearQeapyear）闰年（366天）”

monyear平年（365天）”

1.单位类cent美分"depreciation折旧”

penny一美分硬币”downpayment直接付款”

nickel5美分硬币”discount打折”

dime一角硬币”margin利润”

dozen打〔12个〕”profit利润”

score廿（20个）”interest利息”

Centigrade摄氏”simpleinterest单利”

Fahrenheit华氏”poundedinterest复利”

quart夸脱”dividend红利”

gallon加仑（1gallon=4quart）"decreaseto减少到”

yard码”decreaseby减少了”

meter米”increaseto增加到“

micron微米”increaseby增加了“

inch英寸”denote表示“

foot英尺”listprice标价”

minute分（角度的度量单位，60分二1度）”markup涨价”

squaremeasure平方单位制”percapita每人”

cubicmeter立方米”ratio比率”

pint品脱（干量或液量的单位1retailprice零售价”

tic打

Chapterone数学mathematics,mathsfBrE),math(AmE)

functionnotation方程符号函数符号公理a*iom

quadraticfunctions二次函数定理theorem

quadraticequations二次方程式二次等式计算calculation

chaptertwo运算operation

Equivalentalgebraice*prcssions等价代数表达证明prove

式假设hypothesis,hypotlieses(pL)

rationalexpression有理式有理表达式命题proposition

horizontalandverticaltranslationoffunctions算术arithmetic

函数的水平和垂直的平移力口plus(prep.),add(v.)»addition(n.)

reflectionsoffunctions函数的倒映映射被力。数augend,summand

chapterthree加数addend

Exponentialfunctions指数函数和sum

e*ponentialdecay指数式衰减减minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)

e*ponent指数被减数minuend

propertiesofe*ponentialfunctions指数函数的减数subtrahend

特性差remainder

chapterfour乘times(prep.),multiply,.),multiplication^.)

Trigonometr)'三角学被乘数multiplicand,facicnd

Reciprocaltrigonometricratios倒数三角函数乘数multiplicator

比积product

Trigonometricfunctions三角函数除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)

Discretefunctions离散函数被除数dividend

除数divisor十六进制hexadecimalsystem

商quotient权weight,significance

等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto进位carry

大于isgreaterthan截尾truncation

小于islesserthan四舍五入round

大于等于isequalorgreaterthan下舍入rounddown

4'于等于isequalorlesserthan上舍入roundup

运算符operator有效数字significantdigit

数字digit无效数字insignificantdigit

数number代数algebra

自然数naturalnumber公式formula,fdrmulae(pl.)

整数integer单项式monomial

小数decimal多项式polynomial,multinomial

小数点decimalpoint系数coefficient

分数：fraction未知数unknown,*-factor,y-factor,2-factor

分子numerator等式，方程式equation

分母denominator一次方程simpleequation

比ratio二次方程quadraticequation

正positive三次方程cubicequation

负negative四次方程quarticequation

零null,zero,nought,nil不等式inequation

十进制decimalsystem阶乘factorial

二进制binarysystem对数logarithm

指数，称exponent变量variable

乘方power单调性monotonicity

二次方，平方square奇偶性parity

三次方，立方cube周期性periodicity

四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpower图象image

n次方rhepowerofn,thenthpower数列,级数series

开方evolution,e*traction微积分calculus

二次方根，平方根squareroct微分differential

三次方根，立方根cuberoot导数derivative

四次方才艮therootoffour,thefourthroot极限limit

n次方才艮therootofn,thenthroot无穷大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)

集合aggregate无穷小infinitesimal

元素element积分integral

空集void定积分definiteintegral

子集subset不定积分indefiniteintegral

交集intersection有理数rationalnumber

并集union无理数irrationalnumber

补集plement实数realnumber

映射m叩ping虚数imaginarynumber

函数function复数plc*number

定义域domain,fieldofdefinition矩阵matri*

值域range行歹”式determinant

常量constant几何geometn-

点point斜边hypotenuse

线line勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem

面plane钝角三角形obtusetriangle

体solid不等边三角形scalenetriangle

线段segment等腰三角形isoscelestriangle

射线radial等边三角形equilateraltriangle

平行parallel四边形quadrilateral

相交intersect平行四边形parallelogram

角angle次巨形rectangle

角度degree长length

弧度radian宽width

锐角acuteangle菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond

直角rightangle形square

专电角obtuseangle梯形trapezoid

平角straightangle直角梯形righttrapezoid

周角perigon等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid

底base五边形pentagon

边side六边形he*agon

高height七边形heptagon

三角形triangle八边形octagon

锐角三角形acutetriangle九边形cnncagon

直角三角形righttriangle十边形decagon

直角边leg十一边形hendecagon

十二边形dodecagon立方体cube

多边形polygon七面体heptahedron

正多边形equilateralpolygon八面体octahedron

圆circle九面体enneahedron

圆心ccntrc(BrE),ccntcr(AmE)十面体decahedron

半径radius十一^体hendecahedron

直径diameter十二面体dodecahedron

圆周率pi二十面体icosahedron

弧arc多面体polyhedron

半圆semicircle棱锥pyramid

扇形sector枝.柱prism

环ring枝.台frustumofaprism

椭圆ellipse旋转rotation

圆周circumference轴a*is

周长perimeter圆锥cone

面积area圆柱cylinder

轨j迹locus,loca(pl.)圆台frustumofacone

相似similar球sphere

全等congruent半球hemisphere

四面体tetrahedron底面undersurface

五面体pentahedron外表