2025年高考英语大二轮-强化练(二十三)环境保护类

强化练(二十三)环境保护类考情速递：环境保护是人类有意识地保护自然资源并使其得到合理的利用，防止自然环境受到污染和破坏；创造出适合于人类生活、工作的环境，协调人与自然的关系，让人们做到与自然和谐相处的概念。这类题材也是高考命题的热点。(2023·湖北省八市高三3月联考)TerryTownshendisanecologistfromtheUK.InlateOctober,heclimbedtotheroofofabuildingtocheckoutahand－sizedrecordingdevice1._____________(lay)theretocatchthesoundsofmigratorybirds(候鸟)atBeijing’sOlympicPark.Everytwoweeks,hecameheretocollectdataandshareit2.____________universities’researchcentresforthisyear’sbirdtrackingstudy.Asabirdwatcher3.____________haslivedinBeijingforoveradecade,Townshendfoundedawebsite4.____________formedagroupforfellowenthusiasts.Heworkstoraiseenvironmental5.____________(aware)amongpeopletohelpsavesomeofChina’smostendangeredbirds,initiatingprojectstotracksomeofBeijing’scelebratedbirds.ThoughobservingthemigratorybirdsinBeijing6.____________(be)oneofTownshend’smainactivitiesnow,hisbondwithChinawasestablishedtwelveyearsago.Atthattime,thenon－governmentalorganizationTownshendonceworkedwithwasinvitedbytheChinesegovernment7.____________(cooperate)inboostingsupportforChina’sgeneralenvironmentallawsonclimatechange.Astheprojectleader,TownshendcametoChinaforthefirsttime.Aftergettingtoknowthecountry,hedecidedtostayherefor8._______________(far)research.“China9.____________(value)therecoveryofnatureinpastdecades.Withtheeffortstocarryoutvarioustargetedprotectionstowardnature,10._____________futurelooksbrightforChina’sbiodiversity.”Townshendsaid.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述来自英国的生态学家特里·汤森德在北京观察候鸟，致力于提高人们的环保意识，帮助拯救中国一些最濒危的鸟类。1.laid[考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词recordingdevice，和名词之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填laid。]2.with[考查介词。短语share...with...意为“和……分享……”，故填with。]3.who/that[考查定语从句。分析可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词birdwatcher，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填who/that。]4.and[考查并列连词。分析可知，foundedawebsite和formedagroupforfellowenthusiasts为并列关系，故填and。]5.awareness[考查词性转换。设空处为宾语，应用名词，故填awareness。]6.is[考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为从句谓语，主语是动名词短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，故填is。]7.tocooperate[考查非谓语动词。设空处作目的状语，应用不定式，故填tocooperate。]8.further[考查比较等级。设空处为形容词作定语，表示“进一步的”，应为形容词比较级，故填further。]9.hasbeenvaluing/hasvalued[考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语，根据时间状语inpastdecades可知，应用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，主语China为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填hasbeenvaluing/hasvalued。]10.the[考查冠词。设空处修饰名词，表特指，应用定冠词，故填the。](2023·江苏省七市高三联考)HometotheheadwatersoftheYangtze,YellowandLancangrivers,theSanjiangyuanareaontheQinghai－TibetPlateau(青藏高原)isknownas“China’swatertower”.Itisa1.____________(whole)uniqueplateauwetlandecosystemandservesas2.____________importantecologicaldefenseforthecountry.Decadesago,seriousenvironmentaldegradation(恶化)inSanjiangyuan，3.____________wascausedbyclimatechangeandhumanactivities,resultedinalargenumberoflakesdryingoutandwildlifenumbersfallingsharply.In2016,thepilotprogramfortheSanjiangyuanNationalParkmanagementsystem4.____________(launch).Throughpainstakingpractice,developmentandinnovation,effortshavebeenmade5._______________(turn)theparkintoasymboloftheprogressofChina’secologicalcivilization.Overthepastyears,theecologicalenvironmentoftheQinghai－TibetPlateau6.____________(experience)comprehensivechanges.Waterconservationintheareahasrisen7.____________11percenteveryyear,comparedwith10yearsago.Localresidentsenjoythegiftsgivenbynature,andthe8.____________(establish)ofthenationalparkhasenabledthemtotransformfromexploiting(开发)naturetobecomingitsprotectorsandbenefitingfromit.Someworkastourguides,9.____________(assist)visitorsfromhomeandabroad.Today,aspeoplewalkonthevastlandofSanjiangyuan,lookingattheexpansivemountains,glaciers,lakesandpastures，10.____________catchingsightofwildanimalsandbirds,theycannothelpbutbeimpressedbythevastnessandbeautyofnature.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了三江源生态恶化，国家采取了一系列措施保护该地区，并取得了成效。1.wholly[考查词性转换。空后为形容词，结合句意及提示词，空处应为副词，修饰unique。故填wholly。]2.an[考查冠词。空后important的发音以元音音素开头，结合句意可知，空处应为不定冠词，故填an。]3.which[考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处缺主语，为非限制性定语从句，seriousenvironmentaldegradationinSanjiangyuan为先行词，故填which。]4.waslaunched[考查时态语态和主谓一致。主语SanjiangyuanNationalParkmanagementsystem是单数，和launch为被动关系，时间2016为过去时，故填waslaunched。]5.toturn[考查非谓语动词。efforts为主语，havebeenmade为谓语，空处为不定式作目的状语，故填toturn。]6.hasexperienced[考查时态和主谓一致。根据Overthepastyears可知，时态为现在完成时，主语theecologicalenvironmentoftheQinghai－TibetPlateau为单数，故填hasexperienced。]7.by[考查介词。riseby为固定搭配，其后常跟表示增长的幅度，也就是说增长了多少，by后通常接分数、百分数、倍数等。故填by。]8.establishment[考查词性转换。根据句意，结合空前冠词及空后介词of可知，空处为名词。故填establishment。]9.assisting[考查非谓语动词。assist与tourguides构成主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填assisting。]10.and[考查并列连词。句中lookingattheexpansivemountains,glaciers,lakesandpastures和catchingsightofwildanimalsandbirds为并列结构，应用and连接。故填and。](2023·嘉兴高三调研)Chinahasseengreatbenefitssincethelaunchofitscarbontradingmarketayearago.Theprogramhasplayed1.____________importantroleinraisinglow－carbonawareness.Althoughitonlygetsthepowergenerationindustryinvolvednow,theinitiativeofpricingcarbonemissions(排放物)hasboostedthe2.____________(develop)ofcarbon－relatedservicesinindustriesbeyond.Rightnowmorethan9，800companiesareprovidingsuchservices,ofwhichover1，8003.____________(establish)lastyear.Carbontradingistheprocessofbuyingandsellingpermitstosendoutgreenhousegases.Opened4.____________July16,2021,themarketnowincludes5.____________(national)2，162power－generatingcompanies,coveringabout4.5billiontonsofcarbonemissions.ThathasmadeChinatheworld’s6.____________(large)marketforcarbontrading.Theprogramputscarbonemissionlimitsoneveryunitofelectricityapowerplantgenerates.Aftereachcycleoftrading,companies7.____________haveleftovercarbonallowances(限额)cansellthemtoothers.If8.____________(fall)short,they’llhavetobuyallowances.Theprogramhasprovenitsvalueinmotivatingcompanies9.____________(reduce)emissionsatalowercost.However,officialssayChinaneedstomakefurthereffortstoimprovethesupportsystems,getthemarkettorunsmoothly10.____________enhancethequalityofcarbonemissiondata.【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道。中国一年前推出的碳交易市场使中国受益匪浅，目前中国已成为世界上最大的碳交易市场，该项目证明了它在激励企业以较低成本减排方面的价值，但中国需要进一步努力，让市场平稳运行并提高碳排放数据的质量。1.an[考查冠词。此处考查常用短语playanimportantrol