宁夏高考英语考试(真题)试卷及答案

-宁夏高考英语考试(真题)试卷及答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)（1）Itwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglasses______Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.（）AwhenBthatCwhichDwhere答案：B解析：本题考查强调句型。强调句的基本结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。本题中被强调的是时间状语从句notuntilshetookoffherdarkglasses，因此连接词应使用that。还原句子为：Ididnotrealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.（2）Notuntilhereturnedfromabroad______theimportanceoflearningEnglish.（）AherealizedBdidherealizeChehadrealizedDhadherealized答案：B解析：考查倒装句。当Notuntil位于句首时，主句需要使用部分倒装结构，即将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语之前。根据语境，他回国后意识到重要性，动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时，助动词用did，置于主语he之前。（3）Theteachersuggestedthateverystudent____aplanforthecomingsemester.（）AmakesBmadeCmakeDwillmake答案：C解析：本题考查suggest引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。当suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”的形式，其中should可以省略。因此，是make。A、B、D均不符合该语法规则。（4）Themanagerdecidedtogivethejobto______hebelievedhadastrongsenseofresponsibility.（）AwhoeverBwhomeverCwhoDwhom答案：A解析：考查宾语从句中的连接代词。介词to后接宾语从句，从句中lacked的主语（hebelieved为插入语），因此需要主格形式的whoever，意为“任何……的人”。whomever是宾格，不符合句法结构。（5）Thenewpolicywillcomeinto______nextmonth,aimingtoreducecarbonemissionssignificantly.（）AeffectBaffectCeffortDaffection答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。comeintoeffect是固定搭配，意为“生效”。affect是动词，意为“影响”；effort意为“努力”；affection意为“喜爱”。根据句意“新政策将于下月生效”，故选A。（6）Themanagerdemandedthatthereport____byFriday.（）AfinishBfinishedCbefinishedDwasfinished答案：C解析：本题考查demand后接宾语从句的虚拟语气。demand,suggest,order等动词后的宾语从句需用“(should)+动词原形”结构，且report与finish之间是被动关系，故用(should)befinished。should可省略。故选C。（7）Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoiseinthelibrary.（）AnottomakeBtonotmakeCdon'tmakeDnotmaking答案：A解析：本题考查asksb.(not)todosth.的固定搭配，意为“要求某人（不）做某事”。不定式的否定形式是在to之前加not，即nottomake。（8）Despitetheheavyrain,thefootballmatchwasnot______.（）AcalledoffBcalledupCcalledforDcalledin答案：A解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。calloff意为“取消”；callup意为“打电话给，召集”；callfor意为“要求，需要”；callin意为“召来，顺道拜访”。句意为“尽管雨很大，足球比赛并没有被取消”。故选A。（9）Whichofthefollowingwordshasadifferentstresspatternfromtheothers?（）ADevelopBProtectCPresent(v.)DRecord(n.)答案：D解析：本题考查单词重音。A项'Develop'[dɪˈveləp]、B项'Protect'[prəˈtekt]、C项'Present'(作动词时)[prɪˈzent]的重音均在第二音节。而D项'Record'作名词时[ˈrekɔːd]，重音在第一音节；作动词时[rɪˈkɔːd]重音在第二音节。题目中明确标注(n.)，故重音在第一音节，与其他三项不同。故选D。（10）IfI____you,Iwouldtaketheadviceofferedbytheteacher.（）AamBwasCwereDhavebeen答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在表示与现在事实相反的假设条件句中，if从句的谓语动词通常用过去式，be动词一律用were，不分人称。主句使用了wouldtake，表明这是对现在的虚拟，因此从句应用were。故选C。（11）Notonly______interestedinfootballbutalsobeginningtoshowaninterestinit.（）Atheteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsareBtheteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudentsCistheteacherhimself;areallhisstudentsDistheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsare答案：D解析：本题考查倒装句。当'Notonly...butalso...'连接两个分句且'Notonly'位于句首时，前一个分句需要部分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。前半句主语是theteacherhimself，谓语动词提前变为istheteacherhimself；后半句主语是allhisstudents，语序正常为allhisstudentsare。故选D。（12）Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild______heorshewants.（）AhoweverBwhateverCwhicheverDwhenever答案：B解析：考查名词性从句引导词。givesb.sth.结构中，sth.是双宾语中的直接宾语，此处是一个宾语从句。从句中wants缺少宾语，且意为“无论什么”，故用whatever。however和whenever是副词，不能作宾语；whichever指“无论哪一个”，通常有范围限制，此处泛指，用whatever更合适。（13）Theoldmansatinthearmchair,______atthephotoofhisgrandsonwithasmileonhisface.（）AlookedBlookingCtolookDhavinglooked答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词作伴随状语。句中已有谓语动词`sat`，逗号后的部分作伴随状语，说明老人坐着时的状态。逻辑主语`Theoldman`与`look`之间是主动关系，表示正在进行的动作或伴随的状态，应用现在分词`looking`。`looked`是过去式或过去分词（表被动/完成），不符；`tolook`表目的或将来，不符。故选B。（14）______bytheheavyrain,wehadtocanceltheoutdoorpicnic.（）AHavingpreventedBPreventingCPreventedDToprevent答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语是we，与动词prevent（阻止）之间是被动关系（我们被大雨阻止），且动作已经发生，故使用过去分词Prevented作原因状语。（15）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______itisascience.（）AanartmuchasBmuchanartasCasanartmuchasDasmuchanartas答案：D解析：本题考查同级比较结构。句意为：人们普遍认为，教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术。结构为"as+adj.+a/an+n.+as"。这里much修饰名词art，构成"asmuchanartas"。故选D。（16）Thescientist______theexperimentcarefullybeforedrawinganyconclusions.（）AhasconductedBconductedChadconductedDconducts答案：C解析：本题考查时态。句意为“这位科学家在得出任何结论之前，已经仔细进行了实验。”动作“进行实验”发生在“得出结论”（过去）之前，即“过去的过去”，因此应使用过去完成时hadconducted。故选C。（17）Thescientist______theexperimentforthreehoursbeforehefinallygotthedesiredresult.（）AhasconductedBhadbeenconductingCwasconductingDconducted答案：B解析：本题考查时态。句意为“这位科学家在最终得到理想结果之前，已经进行了三个小时的实验”。动作发生在过去的过去（gottheresult是过去时），且强调动作的持续性和过程，因此使用过去完成进行时hadbeendoing。故选B。（18）Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe______,shewouldhavemetmybrother.（）AhascomeBdidcomeCcameDhadcome答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。根据主句中的wouldhavemet可知，这是对过去情况的虚拟。if条件句中应使用过去完成时（had+过去分词）来表示与过去事实相反的假设。（19）Iwouldratheryou____herewithmenow.（）AstayBstayedCwillstayDhavestayed答案：B解析：本题考查wouldrather后的虚拟语气。wouldrather后接从句时，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用一般过去时。句意：我宁愿你现在和我待在这里（暗示你现在不在）。故选B。（20）Thefilmis____interestingthatIwanttoseeitagain.（）AsoBsuchCveryDtoo答案：A解析：本题考查so/such的区别。interesting是形容词，修饰形容词应用so，构成so+adj.+that句型。Such后通常接名词短语(suchaninterestingfilm)。故选A。（21）Themanager,aswellashiscolleagues,______goingtoattendthemeetingnextweek.（）AisBareCwereDbe答案：A解析：考查主谓一致。句意：经理以及他的同事们下周都要去参加会议。当主语后接aswellas,togetherwith,alongwith等短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由前面的主语决定。本句主语是Themanager（单数），且时间状语为nextweek，故用一般将来时的单数形式isgoingto。故选A。（22）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis______itisascience.（）AanartmuchasBmuchanartasCasanartmuchasDasmuchanartas答案：D解析：本题考查同级比较结构。句意：人们普遍认为，教学既是一门科学，也是一门艺术。'as...as...'是同级比较结构，中间接形容词或副词原级。当名词前有形容词修饰时，语序为'as+adj.+a/an+n.+as'。这里'much'是形容词，修饰'art'，所以顺序是'asmuchanartas'。故选D。（23）Whichofthefollowingwordshasadifferentsoundfortheunderlinedpart?（）Ath<u>ink</u>Bth<u>ank</u>Cth<u>ough</u>Dth<u>ree</u>答案：C解析：本题考查字母组合th的发音。A项think/θɪk/，B项thank/θæŋk/，D项three/θriː/，这三项中th均发清辅音/θ/。而C项though/ðəʊ/中th发浊辅音/ð/。故选C。（24）Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas____hemissedthebus.（）AbecauseBthatCwhyDwhich答案：B解析：本题考查表语从句。句型'Thereason...is/wasthat...'是固定搭配，意为“……的原因是……”。在表语从句中，that只起连接作用，不充当成分，但不能省略或用because替代（虽然口语中常见，但在高考语法题中that为标准答案）。（25）Onlyinthisway____makeprogressinyourEnglishstudy.（）AyoucanBcanyouCyouwillDwillyounot答案：B解析：本题考查部分倒装。“Only+状语（介词短语/副词/从句）”位于句首时，主句需用部分倒装语序。此处Onlyinthisway是介词短语作状语，故将情态动词can提到主语you之前。故选B。PartIIGap-filling(14points)（1）Thenewpolicyaimstoreducepollutionbyencouragingpeopletousepublictransportinsteadofdrivingtheir1______(person)cars.答案：personal解析：本题考查词性转换。空格修饰名词cars，应使用形容词形式。person是名词，其形容词形式为personal，意为“个人的；私人的”。故填personal。（2）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis1______itisascience.Itrequiresbothartisticcreativityandscientificmethodology.答案：asmuchanartas解析：本题考查比较级结构。句意为“人们普遍认为，教学既是一门艺术，也是一门科学”。asmuchAasB表示“A和B一样多/程度相同”。此处填asmuchanartas构成完整比较结构。注意art是可数名词单数，需加冠词an。（3）Thescientistmadeagreat1______(discover)inthefieldofmedicine,whichsavedthousandsoflives.答案：discovery解析：本题考查词性转换。空格前有不定冠词a和形容词great，因此空格处应填名词形式。discover的名词形式是discovery。（4）Themanagerdemandedthatthereport______(finish)byFriday.答案：(should)befinished解析：本题考查虚拟语气。demand后的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，即'(should)+动词原形'。report与finish之间是被动关系，故填(should)befinished。（5）Itwasnotuntilmidnight____hefinishedhiswork.答案：that解析：本题考查强调句型Itis/wasnotuntil...that...。强调时间状语notuntilmidnight。去掉Itwas...that后，句子还原为Hedidnotfinishhisworkuntilmidnight，结构完整，故判定为强调句，填that。（6）Neverbefore____suchabeautifulsunset.答案：haveIseen解析：本题考查否定副词位于句首的倒装。Neverbefore位于句首，句子需部分倒装。根据语境通常用现在完成时，表示“以前从未见过”，故将have提至主语I之前，填haveIseen。（7）Thenewlibrary,1______wascompletedlastmonth,hasbecomeapopularspotforstudentstostudyandrelax.答案：which解析：分析句子结构，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词是"Thenewlibrary"，指物，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。（8）Thescientist'sdiscoverywasso______thatitchangedtheentirefieldofmedicine.答案：significant解析：本题考查形容词拼写及语境运用。句意为：这位科学家的发现如此重要，以至于改变了整个医学领域。根据后半句"changedtheentirefield"可知该发现影响巨大，故填significant（重要的，显著的）。注意拼写正确。（9）Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,moreandmorepeopleprefertoreade-booksratherthantraditionalpaperbooks.However,someexpertsarguethatreadingonscreensmaycauseeyestrainandaffectsleepquality.Therefore,itisadvisabletolimitscreentimebeforegoingtobed.Despitetheseconcerns,theconvenienceofe-bookscannotbedenied.Theyareportableandoftencheaper.Inconclusion,bothformsofreadinghavetheirownadvantages,andthechoicedependsonindividual1______(prefer).答案：preference解析：考查词性转换。空格前是形容词individual（个人的），修饰名词，因此需要将动词prefer转换为名词preference，意为“偏好”。（10）Thenewpolicyaimstoimprovethelivingconditionsofthepeople,especiallythose______liveinremoteareas.答案：who解析：考查定语从句。先行词是those（指代人），在从句中作主语，引导定语从句应用关系代词who。（11）Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience.Tobeagoodteacher,oneneedsnotonlyprofessionalknowledgebutalsopatienceand1______(warm).答案：warmth解析：本题考查名词派生。and连接并列成分，patience是名词，因此空格处也应填入名词形式。warm是形容词，其名词形式为warmth，意为“热情、温暖”。故填warmth。（12）Pleasewaitformeattheschool____tomorrowmorning.答案：gate解析：本题考查地点名词搭配。在学校等人，通常约定在“校门口”（schoolgate）。这是最常见的校园地点表达。（13）IwishI____(be)tallersothatIcouldreachthetopshelf.答案：were解析：本题考查wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。当wish表示与现在事实相反的愿望时，从句谓语动词用过去式。be动词在虚拟语气中通常统一用were，无论主语人称。（14）Theteacherdemandedthatthestudents____silentduringtheexam.答案：(should)be解析：本题考查demand引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。demand表示“要求”时，从句谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”。silent是形容词，前面需加系动词be，故填(should)be。PartIIICloze(30points)（1）Lastsummer,IvisitedBeijing,1______isthecapitalofChina.Thecityisfamousforitshistoricalsites,suchastheForbiddenCityandtheGreatWall.Iwasdeeplyimpressedbythe2______(beautiful)oftheseancientstructures.Duringmystay,Itriedmanylocalfoods,among3______PekingDuckwasmyfavorite.Theweatherwashot,butIenjoyedeverymomentofthetrip.Itwasanunforgettableexperiencethatbroadenedmyhorizons.答案：1.which2.beauty3.which解析：1.考查定语从句。先行词是Beijing，指物，且在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。2.考查名词。空前有定冠词the和介词by，此处应填名词形式。beautiful的名词是beauty。3.考查定语从句。amongwhich引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的localfoods，故填which。（2）WhenIwasachild,Ilovedtovisitmygrandfather'sfarm.Itwasaplacefullof1______andjoy.Everysummer,Iwouldspendweeksthere,helpinghimwiththe2______.Oneday,whilewewerepickingapples,Ifoundasmall,injuredbird.Iwantedtokeepitasapet,butmygrandfathertoldmethatwildanimalsbelonginthe3______.Hehelpedmebuildasmallshelterforituntilitcouldflyagain.Thisexperiencetaughtmetheimportanceof4______nature.Yearslater,Ibecameanenvironmentalist,dedicatingmylifetoprotectingwildlife.Mygrandfather'swisdomhadalasting5______onmycareerchoice.答案：1.laughter2.crops3.wild4.respecting5.impact解析：1.根据上下文'fullof...andjoy'，需要一个与joy并列的积极名词，laughter（笑声）符合语境。2.在农场帮忙，通常是帮助收割庄稼，crops（庄稼）符合语境。3.祖父说野生动物属于野外，wild（野外/自然状态）符合语境，常用作inthewild。4.教导我尊重自然的重要性，respecting（尊重）符合语境，且介词of后接动名词。5.祖父的智慧对我的职业选择产生了持久的影响，impact（影响）符合语境，haveanimpacton是固定搭配。（3）TheGreatWallisoneofthemostfamous1______(attract)intheworld.It2______(build)over2,000yearsagotoprotectthecountryfromenemies.Today,millionsoftouristsvisititeveryyear.Ifyouclimbtothetop,youwillhave3______amazingviewofthemountains.Manypeoplesaythatitisnoteasytoreachthetop,butthefeelingof4______(succeed)makesalltheeffortworthwhile.ItisbelievedthattheGreatWallisasymbolofChinesewisdomand5______(strong).答案：1.attractions2.wasbuilt3.an4.success5.strength解析：1.考查名词复数。oneofthe+最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，attract的名词是attraction，复数形式为attractions。2.考查时态和语态。根据时间状语over2,000yearsago可知用一般过去时，主语It与build之间是被动关系，故填wasbuilt。3.考查冠词。view在此处是可数名词单数，amazing以元音音素开头，故填an。4.考查名词。介词of后接名词或动名词，succeed的名词形式是success，意为“成功”，故填success。5.考查名词。and连接两个并列的名词，wisdom是名词，strong的名词形式是strength，故填strength。（4）Tokeepfit,youshouldeatmorevegetablesandfruit.Theyarerichinvitamins,1______areessentialforourhealth.Also,drinkingenoughwaterisimportant.Ithelpstoremovewastefromyourbody.Moreover,regularexercisecanstrengthenyourheartandlungs.Youdon'tneedtodointenseworkouts;evena30-minutewalkeverydaymakesa2______.Finally,gettingenoughsleepiscrucial.Lackofsleepcanleadtopoorconcentrationandweakenedimmunity.So,trytogotobedearlyandwakeupearly.Byfollowingthesesimpletips,youcanmaintainahealthylifestyleandenjoyabetterqualityoflife.答案：1.which2.difference解析：1.考查定语从句。先行词是vitamins，指物，且在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。2.考查固定搭配。makeadifference意为“有影响；起作用”，符合语境。（5）Lastsummer,IvisitedYunnanProvince.Itwasanunforgettableexperience.Thescenerytherewasbreathtaking.I1______(take)manyphotosoftheancienttownsandbeautifullakes.Oneday,Iwenthikinginthemountains.Theairwasfreshandclean.WhileI2______(climb),Imetalocalguidewhotoldmeinterestingstoriesaboutthearea.Hesaidthatthemountains3______(protect)bythelocalpeopleforcenturiesbecausetheybelievedthespiritslivedthere.Ialsotriedsomelocalfood.Thericenoodlesweredelicious.I4______(never/eat)suchtastyfoodbefore.Beforeleaving,Iboughtsomesouvenirsformyfamily.IhopeI5______(visit)Yunnanagaininthefuture.答案：1.took2.wasclimbing3.hadbeenprotected4.hadnevereaten5.willvisit解析：1.描述去年夏天发生的动作，用一般过去时took。2.while引导的时间状语从句，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时wasclimbing。3.山脉被保护这一动作发生在“他说”之前，且持续了几个世纪，用过去完成时的被动语态hadbeenprotected。4.“以前从未吃过”发生在“尝试”之前，即过去的过去，用过去完成时hadnevereaten。5.希望将来再次访问，用一般将来时willvisit。（6）Tomwasashyboywhorarelyspokeinclass.Oneday,histeacheraskedhimtogiveaspeech.Tomwasterrified.Hepracticedeverynightinfrontofthemirror.Onthedayofthespeech,hishandswereshaking.Butwhenhestartedspeaking,heforgothisfear.Hespokeclearlyandconfidently.Theclassapplaudedloudly.Tomrealizedthatcourageisnotaboutbeingfearless,butaboutacting1______fear.Fromthatdayon,hebecamemore2______inpublicspeaking.Helearnedthatpreparationisthebestwaytoovercome3______.Hisstoryinspiresmanystudentstofacetheirchallengesbravely.答案：1.despite2.confident3.anxiety解析：1.考查介词。actdespitefear意为“尽管害怕仍采取行动”，符合句意“勇气不是没有恐惧，而是尽管恐惧仍行动”。2.考查形容词。becomeconfident意为“变得自信”，与前文的shy形成对比。3.考查名词。overcomeanxiety意为“克服焦虑”，符合语境中克服紧张情绪的主题。PartIVWriting(20points)（1）Directions:Writeanessayonthetopic"TheImportanceofReading".Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow:1.阅读的好处；2.当前人们阅读习惯的变化；3.你的建议。答案：（略）解析：本题为议论文写作。第一段阐述阅读的好处（开阔视野、丰富知识、提升思维）；第二段分析现状（科技导致阅读习惯改变，碎片化阅读盛行）；第三段提出建议（定期阅读、加入读书会）。文章结构完整，逻辑清晰，使用了'notonly...butalso...','Moreover','However','Asaresult'等连接词，增强了文章的连贯性。WritingTask2最近，你校英文报正在举办主题为'MyFavoriteHobby'的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.你的爱好是什么；2.你为什么喜欢这个爱好；3.这个爱好给你带来了什么益处。注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目自拟。（2）请根据上述要求，撰写一篇英语短文。答案：（略）解析：写作要点解析：1.结构清晰：第一段引出爱好；第二段阐述原因及益处；第三段总结。2.内容丰富：具体说明了喜欢阅读的原因（知识、放松）和益处（开阔视野、提升思维）。3.语言表达：使用了'undoubtedly','immersingmyselfin','broadensmyhorizons'等地道表达，提升了文章档次。4.字数控制：范文词数适中，符合高考要求。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1IntheheartoftheAmazonrainforest,anewspeciesoffroghasbeendiscoveredbyateamofinternationalscientists.Thistinyamphibian,named"Phyllobatesaurora,"measuresonly2centimetersinlengthanddisplaysavibrantorangecolorthatglowsunderultravioletlight.Thediscoverywasmadeduringanexpeditionfocusedonstudyingtheimpactofclimatechangeonlocalbiodiversity.Researchersbelievethatthisspeciesplaysacrucialroleintheecosystemasapredatorofsmallinsectsandaspreyforlargeranimals.However,itshabitatisincreasinglythreatenedbydeforestationandillegalminingactivities.Conservationistsareurgingimmediateactiontoprotecttheareabeforeitistoolate.（1-1）Whatisthemaincharacteristicofthenewlydiscoveredfrog?（）AItisthelargestfrogintheAmazon.BItglowsorangeunderultravioletlight.CItcansurvivewithoutwater.DItchangescolorbasedontemperature.（1-2）Whydoresearchersthinkthisfrogspeciesisimportant?（）AIthelpspollinateflowers.BItcontrolsinsectpopulationsandservesasfood.CItcleansthewaterintherivers.DItproducesauniquemedicine.（1-3）Whatistheprimarythreattothefrog'shabitat?（）AGlobalwarming.BInvasivespecies.CDeforestationandillegalmining.DOverhuntingbylocals.（1-4）Whatwastheoriginalpurposeofthescientificexpedition?（）ATofindnewsourcesofgold.BTomaptheentirerainforest.CTostudytheimpactofclimatechangeonbiodiversity.DTocapturefrogsforzoos.答案：1-1.B1-2.B1-3.C1-4.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据文章第二句"displaysavibrantorangecolorthatglowsunderultravioletlight"可知，这种青蛙在紫外线下会发出橙色光，故选B。2.细节理解题。根据文章第四句"playsacrucialrole...asapredatorofsmallinsectsandaspreyforlargeranimals"可知，它在生态系统中作为昆虫的捕食者和大型动物的猎物发挥作用，故选B。3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一句"habitatisincreasinglythreatenedbydeforestationandillegalminingactivities"可知，主要威胁是森林砍伐和非法采矿，故选C。4.细节理解题。根据文章第三句"expeditionfocusedonstudyingtheimpactofclimatechangeonlocalbiodiversity"可知，考察的目的是研究气候变化对生物多样性的影响，故选C。Passage2Urbanfarmingisemergingasasolutiontofoodsecurityissuesindenselypopulatedcities.Byutilizingrooftops,balconies,andvacantlots,citydwellerscangrowfreshproducelocally.Thispracticenotonlyshortensthesupplychain,ensuringfresherfood,butalsoreducestransportationemissions.Moreover,urbanfarmscontributetotheaestheticappealofcitiesandprovideeducationalopportunitiesforschoolsandcommunities.Despitechallengessuchaslimitedspaceandsoilcontamination,innovativetechniqueslikehydroponicsandverticalfarmingareovercomingtheseobstacles.Governmentsinseveralmajorcitiesarenowofferingincentivesandgrantstoencourageresidentsandbusinessestostarttheirownurbangardens.Astheglobalpopulationcontinuestorise,integratingagricultureintourbanplanningbecomesincreasinglyvital.（2-1）Whatistheprimarypurposeofurbanfarmingmentionedinthetext?（）AToreplaceruralfarmingcompletely.BToaddressfoodsecurityincrowdedcities.CToincreasethepriceoffreshvegetables.DTodecoratecitybuildingsonly.（2-2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTlistedasabenefitofurbanfarming?（）AReducingtransportationemissions.BProvidingeducationalopportunities.CEliminatingallsoilcontaminationinstantly.DEnsuringfresherfoodthroughshortersupplychains.（2-3）Howarechallengeslikelimitedspacebeingaddressed?（）ABymovingfarmstothecountryside.BByusingtechniqueslikehydroponicsandverticalfarming.CBybanningconstructionincities.DByimportingallfoodfromabroad.（2-4）Whatactionaresomegovernmentstakingregardingurbanfarming?（）ATheyarebanningallrooftopgardens.BTheyareincreasingtaxesonfreshproduce.CTheyareprovidingincentivesandgrants.DTheyareforcingresidentstofarm.答案：2-1.B2-2.C2-3.B2-4.C解析：1.细节理解题。文章第一句指出城市农业是解决人口稠密城市"foodsecurityissues"的方案，故选B。2.细节理解题（排除法）。文中提到了缩短供应链保证新鲜（D）、减少排放（A）、提供教育机会（B）。虽然提到了土壤污染是挑战，但并未说城市农业能"instantlyeliminate"（立即消除）所有污染，这是错误的表述，故选C。3.细节理解题。第三段提到"innovativetechniqueslikehydroponicsandverticalfarmingareovercomingtheseobstacles"，即通过水培和垂直农业技术解决空间限制问题，故选B。4.细节理解题。第四段提到"Governments...arenowofferingincentivesandgrants"，即政府提供激励措施和拨款，故选C。Passage3ArtificialIntelligence(AI)israpidlytransformingthehealthcareindustry.Oneofthemostpromisingapplicationsisinearlydiseasedetection.AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimages,suchasX-raysandMRIs,withgreaterspeedandaccuracythanhumandoctorsinsomecases.Forinstance,anAIsystemdevelopedrecentlycandetectsignsoflungcancermonthsbeforetraditionalmethods.Beyonddiagnosis,AIisalsobeingusedtopersonalizetreatmentplans.Byanalyzingapatient'sgeneticdataandmedicalhistory,AIcansuggestthemosteffectivedrugswiththefewestsideeffects.T