湖南长沙市岳麓实验中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（含答案）

湖南长沙市岳麓实验中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题一、阅读理解ATheInternationalLinguisticsOlympiad(IOL)isacompetitionforpre-universitystudents,heldinadifferentcountryeachyearsince2003.Itchallengesparticipants,bothindividuallyandinteams,tosolvelinguistic(语言学的)puzzles.TocompeteattheIOL,nospecialknowledgeisrequired,onlybasiclanguageconcepts,logic,patience,andcreativethinking.TrythisbeginnersampletoseeiftheIOLisrightforyou.APuzzleThenamesofsomeSouthAmericancountriesarewritteninGeorgian(格鲁吉亚语)withtheirEnglishtranslations:ბრაზილია

Brazil

პერუ

Peru

ურუგვაი

UruguayQ:WhatistheEnglishnameofthiscountry“არგენტინა”?TheSolution·TheGeorgianformsof“Peru”and“Uruguay”havethesamenumberoflettersastheirEnglishnames,showingadirectlettermatch.·Therepeated-Uin“Uruguay”furtherconfirmsGeorgianiswrittenleft-to-right.·“Brazil”hasfewerlettersthantheGeorgianversion,butthankstothetwoothernames,wealreadyknow:

რ

→R,

ა

→A,

გ

→G,

ე

→E.·Withtheseletters,thepattern

არგენტინა

canbetranslatedas“ARGE____A,”whichis“Argentina”.ContestRules·Eachindividualcontestantorteammustchooseaworkinglanguagefortheirproblemsandsolutions,achoicethatcannotbechangedlessthantwoweeksbeforetheOlympiadbegins.·Theindividualcontestinvolvessolvingfiveproblemsinsixhours,whereastheteamcontestfeaturesoneproblemwithtwohoursless.·Unlessinstructed,givingmultiple(多样的)answerswillreceivezeromarks.Besides,adetailedexplanationisrequiredforeachanswer;failuretoprovideonewillresultinalowerscore.AwardsTheteamcontestwillawarduptoonegold,twosilver,andthreebronzemedals.Intheindividualcontest,thenumberofgold,silver,andbronzemedalsawardedshallbeintheratio1:2:3,withthetotalnumberofmedalsbeingbetweenonequarterandonethirdofthecontestants.Click

here

tofindoutotherawards.1.Whichisimportanttosolvethesamplepuzzle?A．Linguisticfluency.B．Reasoningability.C．Geographicknowledge.D．Mathematicalcalculation.2.Whatisdifferentabouttherulesfortheindividualandteamcontests?A．Thelengthofthecompetition.B．Thedeadlineforlanguagechoice.C．Theresultofgivingmultipleanswers.D．Therequirementforanswerexplanations.3.Ifthereare240individualcontestants,howmanymedalscouldbeawardedintotal?A．40.B．54.C．72.D．84.BThefourfamiliarwordsphysiciansalwaysfearcomewhentheofficevisitisending,thedoctor’shandreachingforthedoor.“Oh,bytheway,”thepatientsays.“ShouldIbeworriedaboutthischestpainI’vebeenhaving?”Thedoctorhastogobackintotheroomandstartoveragain.Doctorscallit“thedoorknobphenomenon”.Doctors’rushedschedulesandpatients’naturalhesitationtorevealfrighteningorembarrassingsymptoms(症状)makethosequestionsatthedoorknobalmostunavoidable,butmedicalschoolsincreasinglyareteachingstudentshowtoavoidsuchsituations.Dr.RitaCharonatColumbiaUniversity’smedicalschoolencouragesdoctors-in-trainingtosignalsomedesiretohearaboutpatientsandtheirgreatestconcerns.Sheteachesamethodshehasadoptedwithherownnewpatients,whomshetells:“I’mgoingtobeyourdoctorandIneedtoknowalotaboutyourhealthandyourbodyandyourlife.”Thenshestopstalking,anddoesn’twriteanythingdownorcheckthecomputer—shejustlistens.“WhenIdidthisthefirsttime,thepatientstartedcrying,saying‘Nooneeverletmedothisbefore,’”Charonsaid.AnotherpatientNancyConleysaysembarrassmentledtoherowndoorknobquestionsaboutsmellyfeet.Shesometimestalkedherselfoutofmentioningitatall,tryingtodownplayitinhermindduringthevisit.Charon’sadvicetodoctorsforavoidingsuchresistanceistoslowdown.Arushedatmospherecanmakepatientsfeeluncomfortableaboutmentioningbothersomeissues.Instead,doctorsshouldtakeamomenttoimaginewhatit’sliketobethepatient.“Thiscouldhelpbreaktheice,”Charonsaid.MargaretFitzpatrick,anurseatAdvocateChristMedicalCenterinOakLawn,sayspatientscanhelp,too,bywritingdownquestionstoaskthedoctorbeforeeachvisit.“Peopleneedtobebetterpreparedfortheexperienceofgoingtothedoctor,”Fitzpatricksaid.“Soiftheyhaveastrangespotontheirneck,theyneedtotaketheresponsibilityofbringingitupratherthanhopingthatthedoctorwillseeitandbringitup.”4.Whatis“thedoorknobphenomenon”?A．Doctorsignorepatients’problems.B．Doctorsrushtoendappointments.C．Patientsforgettheirmildsymptoms.D．Patientskeepkeyissuestillthelast.5.WhatisthecoreofCharon’smethodmentionedinparagraph3?A．Respectingpatients’personalprivacy.B．Allowingpatientstoreleaseemotions.C．Showingprofessionalismtopatients.D．Encouragingpatientstoopenup.6.Howcandoctorsprevent“thedoorknobphenomenon”accordingtoCharon?A．Byskippingpatients’bothersomeissues.B．Byputtingthemselvesinpatients’shoes.C．Byadvisingpatientstomakefrequentvisits.D．Bytellingpatientstowritedowntheirquestions.7.WhatdoesFitzpatrickexpectpatientstodo?A．Raisetheirconcernsactively.B．Askfewoff-topicquestions.C．Trustthedoctor’sjudgment.D．Recordthedoctor’sevaluation.CBeneaththeshinysurfaceofcoastalwatersliesanoften-overlookedecosystem:seagrassmeadows(草甸).Movingwiththeflowofthewater,theirdelicateleavessafeguardshorelines,purifywaterandsupportsealife.“SeagrassisoftenreferredtoasaSwiss-armyknife,asithassomanywonderfulservicesthataresovaluablenotjusttous,buttonatureasawhole,”sharesSophiePipe,seagrassconservationistatCornwallWildlifeTrust.Sophieexplainshowgloballythesemeadowsarecrucialforsealifeatallstages.“They’reusedasplacestolayeggsforfishandsharks,afoodsourceformanatees(海牛)andatraininggroundforyoungdolphins.”IntheUK,thesehabitatsareimportantcommercially,astheysustainourfisheries.Besides,seagrasscoversonly0.1%oftheoceanfloor,butaccountsfor18%oftheocean’scarbonstorage.However,seagrassesarethreatened.“IntheUK,we’velostasmuchas90%ofourseagrass.Amajordriveriswaterpollutionfromagriculturalrun-offandwastewateroverflow,whichcausesfastalgal(海藻的)growththatthenblockssunlight.Thispreventslight-dependentgrowthandtakesoxygenfromseagrassmeadows,”Sophieexplains.“Seagrasshasalsobeenseentodieoffrapidlyduringoceanheatwaves,whichisabadsignforourwarmingocean.Climatechangeisalsoincreasingtheintensityandfrequencyofstorms,whichcandisturbanduprootseagrassmeadows,”Sophieexplains.NowSophieisworkingonaseagrassrestorationprojectinCornwall.“WeonlyhavetworemainingseagrassbedsinCornwall.Theprojectaimstoseeifwecanrestorethesesitesinacost-effectivewaysothatourtechniquescanbeusedinotherplacestoreplantmeadows,”explainsSophie.Oneandahalfyearsintothepilotstudy,herteamisalreadyseeingresults.Seedlingsaretakingroot,startingtogrowandevenspreading.“Youdon’tneedtolivebythecoasttocareaboutseagrass,”encouragesSophie.“Ultimately,whatwedoonlanddriveswhathappensinthesea.”8.WhyisseagrasscomparedtoaSwiss-armyknife?A．Itisaweaponagainstclimatechange.B．Ithasmultiplesurvivalskills.C．Itoffersmanybenefits.D．Ithassharpleaves.9.Whatisthemainreasonforthedeclineofseagrass?A．Pollutionoftheocean.B．Developmentoffisheries.C．Arrivalofcompetingplants.D．Anincreaseinmanateepopulation.10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSophie’sproject?A．Itstilltakesagestoseetheresults.B．Itneedstobemorecost-effective.C．Ithasbeenexpandedgreatly.D．Itisgainingsuccess.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SavingSeagrass,RestoringtheOceanB．ASeagrassConservationist’sJourneyC．HowClimateChangeDestroysSeagrassD．CanSeagrassSowHopeforCarbonStorage?DItiswidelyacknowledgedthatcrowsarehighlyintelligentwithcognitiveabilitiessimilartothoseof5-to7-year-oldchildren.Pastresearchshowsthattheycancounttofouranddistinguishhumanvoicesandfaces,andsomespeciescanevencreatetoolsforfutureuse.Lately,aspecialstudyhasexpandedthislistfurther,revealingthatcrowscanrecognizebasicgeometricfeatures,suchassidelengths,parallellines,andrightangles,andtellapartshapeslikestars,crescents,squares,andirregularfour-sidedfigures.Withthepurposeoftestingthecrows’geometricskills,scientistsshowedtwocrowssixshapesonadigitalscreenandtrainedthemtopeck(啄)attheoutlier—theshapethatlookeddifferentfromtherest.Whenthebirdschosecorrectly,theywererewardedwithatastysnack.Atfirst,theresearchersmadetheoutlierobvious,suchasonefloweramongfivecrescents.Asthebirdsgotusedtothetask,theshapesbecamemoresimilarincludingsquaresandirregularfour-sidedfigures.Despitetheincreasingdifficulty,thecrowscontinuedtoidentifytheoutliercorrectly.Theshaperecognitionabilityofcrowsremainsatopicofinterestforresearchers.Theysuspectthisabilitymayhelpthemwithnavigationastheyflyaround.Thebirdsmayhavealsodevelopedthisabilitytohelpthemsearchforfoodoridentifyotherindividualcrows—includingpotentialmates—basedontheirfacialfeatures.“Alltheseabilities,attheendoftheday,fromabiologicalpointofview,haveevolvedbecausetheyprovideasurvivaladvantageorareproductiveadvantage,”saysstudyseniorauthorAndreasNieder,aneurophysiologistattheUniversityofTübingeninGermany.Inthefuture,researchershopetoexplorewhichareasofthebirds’brainsareresponsiblefortheirexceptionalabilityingeometry.Birdsdon’thaveacerebralcortex(大脑皮层)—atleast,notinthesamewaythathumansdo.Butforus,thatpartofthebrainisresponsibleforthinkingandothercomplexfunctions.Crowsstillhavetheseabilities,sotheresearchersassumetheremustbesomethingelsegoingoninsidetheirheads.“Obviously,evolutionfoundtwodifferentwaysofgivingrisetobehaviorallyflexibleanimals,”Niedersays.12.Whatdoestherecentstudyrevealaboutcrows?A．Theycandrawsimplefigureswithtools.B．Theycandistinguishbetweenbasicshapesingeometry.C．Theycandoeasymathcalculations.D．Theycanrecognizehumanvoicesandfaces.13.Howdidtheresearchersincreasethedifficultyoftheshape-recognitiontask?A．Byshorteningthetimeforthecrowstorespond.B．Bypresentingmorefamiliarshapesonthescreen.C．Byshowingthefigureswithdifferentcolors.D．Byenhancingthesimilarityamongtheshapes.14.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theroleofcrows’geometricpotentialinnavigation.B．Reasonsforcrowstoevolveshapeidentificationabilities.C．Survivalbenefitsofcrows’cognitivetalents.D．Theadvantagesofcrows’food-searchingskillsoverotherbirds.15.Whatisthefollow-upstepforfuturestudy?A．Investigatingcrows’brainareasrelatedtogeometricskills.B．Comparingthecerebralcortexofhumansandcrows.C．Exploringothercomplexfunctionsofcrows’brains.D．Studyingthecausesofcrows’flexiblebehaviors.七选五TestAnxietyTestanxietyisthatnervousfeelingyoumaygetwhenyou’reabouttotakeatest.It’snormaltofeelsomepressurebeforeanexam.___16___Butforsomepeople,theworriesaresostrongthattheycan’tconcentrateanddon’tdoaswellasthey’dlike.WhatHappenswithTestAnxiety?Whenyou’reunderstress(likerightbeforeatest),yourbodyreleasesahormone(激素)calledadrenaline,whichbringsthe‌“fightorflight”response.Itcancausephysicalreactionslikesweating,apoundingheart,fastbreathing,orevenastomachacheandheadache.___17___Atthesametime,ifyoukeepthinkingaboutfailingorforgettingwhatyoustudied,youranxietywillgrowstronger.Thesenegativethoughtsmakestressworseandcanactuallyhurtyourtestperformance.Who’sLikelytoHaveTestAnxiety?___18___Itcanbehardforthemtoacceptmistakesorgetanythinglessthanaperfectscore.Studentswhoaren’tpreparedfortestsbutcareaboutdoingwellarealsolikelytohavetestanxiety.HowCanIOvercomeTestAnxiety?Therearelotsofwaystostresslessovertests:•Startstudyingthedaytheteacherfirstsaystherewillbeanexam.___19___•Trybreathingexercisestorelax.•Remindyourselfthatyoudon’thavetogetaperfectscoreoneverytest.Everyoneslipsup,sodon’toverthinkmistakes.___20___Testanxietywon’tgoawayovernight.Butdealingwithitcanhelpyouhandlestressbetter—evenwhenyou’renottakingexams.A．Luckily,testanxietycanbelessened.B．Alittlestresscanhelpyoufocusanddobetter.C．Thinkofthemaschancestolearnforthenexttime.D．Inmoreseriouscases,youmightthrowuporpassout.E．Thatwayyouwon’tberushingtostudyatthelastminute.F．Studentswithhighertestanxietytendtoperformworseonexams.G．Peoplewhoareperfectionistsaremorelikelytohavetestanxiety.二、完形填空Iremembergoingtomygrandparents’farmforThanksgivingeveryyear.I___21___howloudthescreendoorwouldslam(砰地关上)andmyparentscallingout,“Don’tslamthedoorandnorunninginthehouse.”This___22___mypacetoawalkasIheadedtothekitchen.Mygrandmawouldsmiledownatmeand___23___meacookiefromherapron(围裙)pocket.ThenIwouldrunoutsideto___24___playingwithmycousinsuntilitgot___25___.Whenthedinnerbellrang,werantothehouseto___26___forsupper.Thetablewas___27___withfoodandourlargefamily.Mymother___28___myplateandneverseemedtonoticewhenIheldmyhandupto___29___hertostopafterthefirstspoonful.Ididn’tlikethosesweetpotatoes,butthedressingmadebyGrandmawasoneofmy___30___.Theturkeyandhamsmelledandtastedlikethepecan(山核桃)woodGrandpausedinhissmokehouse.Thesewerethetastesandsmellsofmy___31___.Whenmygrandparentspassedaway,Iboughtthatfarm.Whilerestoringit,mywifeandIdecidedto___32___thescreendoor.OnThanksgiving,we___33___thedinner,usingGrandma’srecipe.Whenmykidsrushintothehousewiththeircousinsandthescreendoorslams,I___34___,“Don’tslamthedoorandnorunninginthehouse.”Fromonegenerationtoanother,our___35___rundeepinfamilytraditions.21.A．admitB．determineC．recallD．recognize22.A．comparedB．slowedC．explainedD．attached23.A．saveB．orderC．bakeD．slip24.A．avoidB．continueC．suggestD．remember25.A．darkB．warmC．clearD．real26.A．washupB．standupC．setoffD．backoff27.A．coveredB．matchedC．packedD．decorated28.A．liftedB．filledC．cleanedD．spotted29.A．stimulateB．assistC．signalD．allow30.A．excusesB．regularsC．hobbiesD．favorites31.A．hometownB．playgroundC．houseworkD．childhood32.A．keepB．leaveC．bringD．shake33.A．missB．attendC．enjoyD．prepare34.A．apologizeB．shoutC．argueD．declare35.A．successesB．habitsC．rootsD．issues三、语法填空ArecentstudyinthejournalSciencefindsthatanorganicwastebaninMassachusettshasreducedoverallwasteby13percentin___36___pastfiveyears.Bansonorganicwaste,orfoodwaste,offeratooltoreducegreenhousegases.Thestudyreportsthat___37___(compare)withlandfillingfood,composting(堆肥处理)generates38percentto84percentlessmethane(甲烷).Massachusetts’successisduetotwokey___38___(factor).First,thestate’sfoodwastebanissimple,stable,andeasytounderstand.Itappliesconsistently,___39___frequentrevisions,whichmaybehelpingthepolicyachieveitsintendedeffect.Second,Massachusettshasbuiltacompostinginfrastructure(基础设施)network,___40___(make)iteasierforwasteproducerstofollowthelaw.Whileacommercialwastebanonly___41___(target)largebusinessesandinstitutions,theresultingexpansioninwaste-handlinginfrastructurecanbenefitsmallerorganizationstoo.TheMassachusettsDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtectionencouragesallbusinesses,regardlessofsize,___42___(consider)changingtheirwaysofmanagingorganicwasteto___43___(potential)savemoney.Beyondenvironmentalbenefits,thepolicyhasalsodriven___44___(economy)growth.Massachusettsfoundthatintwoyears,thecommercialfoodwastebancreatedmorethan900newjobs___45___US$175millioninbusinessactivity.That,onitsown,mightinspireotherpolicymakerstofollowsuit.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，想邀请外教Mike一起观看一场中国少数民族服装秀（Chineseethniccostumeshow）。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：(1)时间、地点及表演内容；(2)推荐这场服装秀的理由。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。DearMike,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。LisamovedwithherparentsandtheircatCocciayearagowhenherfatherstartedanewjob.ThefamilytookgreatcareattheirnewlocationtokeepCocciinsidethehouse,becausetheywereworriedshe’dgetlostinthedifferentsurroundings.CocciheldaspecialplaceinLisa’sheart.ShehadbeenLisa’sfriendsincechildhood.LisalovedbrushingCocci’ssofthairafterschool,andthecatwouldoftencurlup(蜷缩)besideherwhileshedidherhomeworkorreadabook.Onquietevenings,CocciwouldfollowLisaaroundthehouse,sometimescurlinguponherlapduringfamilymovienights.Coccihadacalm,affectionatepersonalityandwouldoftenreacttoLisa’swhisper.Theirbondwasunmistakable.ButCocciwentmissinginAugust.Thedisappearancelefttheentirefamilyheartbroken,especiallyLisa.Forthreemonths,theworriedfamilytriedeverythingtheycouldthinkof,butCocciwasnowheretobefound.TostopLisafromworrying,hermotherSuetoldherthatshethoughtCoccihadprobablygonebacktotheiroldhome—thoughshedidnotbelieveforaseconditcouldbetrue.Remarkably,inearlyOctober,astrangerfoundastray(走失的)catmorethan450kilometersaway—justfivemilesfromthefamily’sformerresidence—andtookittoalocalvet(兽医).Aroundthesametime,LisasawapostsharedonFacebookaboutacatfoundnearherprevioushome.Thoughthecatlookednoticeablydifferentduetoweightlossandweatherexposure,LisaimmediatelyhadastrongfeelingitwasCocci.Thevetconfirmedthatthestraywasa10-year-oldfemale,justlikeCocci.PhotoswereexchangedandLisaaskedherfathertogoandidentifyher.Initially,hehesitated,becausehecouldn’tbelieveitwaspossiblethatacatcouldtravelsofaralone,buteventuallyheagreed.注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；(2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。WhenLisa’sfathersawthecat,hetestedherresponsebycallingseveralnames.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Threeweekslater,LisawelcomedCocci,nowrecovered,home.______________________________________________________________________________________________________