Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4NaturaldisastersDiscoveringusefulstructures定语形容词名词介词短语1.什么定语？非谓语动词从句(定语从句）Sheisabeautifulgirl.Amyisawomanteacher.Thegirlinredismysister.

Ihavesomethingtosay.Theboymakingfaceismyson.Japanisadevelopedcountry.Ilikepeoplewhosmilesalot.定语：“定”语相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，常译为“的”什么可以做定语Iknowtheboy.Theboyissittingonthedesk.Iknowtheboy

whoissittingonthedesk定语从句定义结构定语从句2.什么定语从句？关系词修饰名词或代词的句子先行词关系词被修饰的名词或代词引导定语从句的关联词关系代词关系副词whowhomthatwhichwhoseaswhenwherewhyeg.Thisisthecar

which

heboughtlastyear.Doyouknowtheman

whospokejustnow?Doyouknowtheman?Hespokejustnow.１.Ihavereadthenewspaper(which)carriestheimportantnews.Ishowedhimtheletter(which)Ireceivedthismorning.Ihavereadthenewspaper.Itcarriestheimportantnews.２.Ishowedhimtheletter.Ireceiveditthismorning.３.将下列句子改成一句话关系代词在定语从句中有三个作用：

1.引导一个定语从句；

2.在从句中代替先行词；

3.在从句中担任某一句子成分。Which

的用法1.which

在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语,指物。

Theyplantedthetreeswhich

didn’tneedmuchwater.

Thefishwhich

weboughtwerenotfresh.

Thisisthehousewhich

welivedinlastyear.

→Thisisthehouse________welivedlastyear.主语；指物宾语；指物介词宾语；指物in

whichwhich作介词宾语时，介词既可放在关系代词which之前，也可以放在从句中动词之后where3.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人或物，作宾语时可省略。

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.作主语；指物

Thenoodles

(that)Icookedweredelicious.作宾语；指物

Let’saskthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere.作主语；指人

Thegirl

(that)wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.

作宾语；指人that的用法2.who在从句中作主语和宾语,whom

在从句中作宾语；都指人。

TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.主语；指人

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.

主语；指人

Theperson(whom/who)youjusttalkedtoisMrLi.

宾语；指人

MrReadistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.宾语；指人在定语从句中紧接着介词的只能用which和whom。指人用whom，指物用whichWho的用法4.whose在从句中作定语,修饰人或物，意为“……的”，可与

ofwhich(whom)the...互换。

MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.ofwhomthe

Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.ofwhomthe

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.ofwhichtheWhose的用法关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhose

Theusageoftherelativepronouns

LearnmoreaboutrelativepronounsNote:

that和which在指物的情况下一般可以互换，但在下列情况中，一般用that而不用which。

Iamsureshehassomething

(that)youcanborrow.

I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.

Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.

Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.

Theytalkedofthingsandpersons

thattheyremembered.下列情况中，定语从句中关系代词一般用that而不用which：先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,

much等不定代词时。

2.先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

SummaryAll(that)youhavetodoistopractiseeveryday.Thereisn’tmuch

(that)Icando.Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.下列情况中，定语从句中关系代词一般用that而不用which：4.先行词被the

only,the

very,the

same,the

last修饰时。5.先行词既有人又有物的时候，只能用that。SummaryThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.ThisisthesamebookthatIwanttoread.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwecouldremember.下列情况中，定语从句中关系代词一般用that而不用which：Summary6.当主句以who或

which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句that引导.Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesn’tknowthis?1.关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.2.在非限制性定语从句中Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.但在下列情况下,

一般用which而不用that

1）先行词是one，theone,ones,anyone,those等代词Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.2）Therebe句型中Therearemanypeoplewhoareagainsttheplan.但在下列情况下,

指人一般用who而不用that

1.Findandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclausesinthesentencesbelow.Whatfunctiondotherestrictiverelativeclauseshave?•TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.•Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.•Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecounty.

•Mr.

Liisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.•AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.Exercise

1.Herearesomeofthepeople_______homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople________

wereasleep.3.Thenextday,eopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything____theycouldfind.whosewhothat2.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or/.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings_______hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.5.Theinjuredboy_______motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.6.

Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby________shewasrescued.7.Isthistheyoungboy________savedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings?

whichwhosewhowhom1.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters

hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.

(2019全国III卷)2.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth

givesofflightinthedark.

(2019浙江卷)who/thatwhich/that链接高考3.Twooftheau