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-2026年青海考研英语(真题)试卷带答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)(1)Thenewpolicywillcomeinto_______onJanuary1st.()AeffectBuseCserviceDpractice答案:A解析:本题考查名词辨析及固定短语。comeintoeffect意为“生效、实施”,常用于法律、政策、规定等。comeintouse意为“开始使用”;comeintoservice意为“投入使用”(多指设施、设备);comeintopractice意为“开始实行”。根据主语Thenewpolicy(新政策),应选用effect。故选A。(2)Themeeting____whenIarrivedattheoffice.()AhasbegunBhadbegunCbeginsDwasbeginning答案:B解析:考查时态。arrived是过去式,表示过去的某个时间点。会议开始发生在到达之前,即“过去的过去”,因此应用过去完成时(haddone)。(3)Thenewpolicywillcomeinto______nextmonth.()AeffectBaffectCeffortDafford答案:A解析:本题考查固定搭配和词义辨析。comeintoeffect是固定短语,意为“生效、实施”。affect是动词,意为“影响”;effort是名词,意为“努力”;afford是动词,意为“买得起、承担得起”。根据句意“新政策将于下个月生效”,故选A。(4)HardlyhadIenteredtheroom______thephonerang.()AthanBwhenCasDwhile答案:B解析:考查倒装句与固定搭配。'Hardly...when...'是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时,句子需要部分倒装(即把助动词had提到主语I之前)。注意区分'Nosooner...than...'也是同样的意思。句意:我刚进房间,电话就响了。故选B。(5)Nosoonerhadheenteredtheroom______thetelephonerang.()AthanBwhenCthenDas答案:A解析:考查固定搭配。Nosooner...than...是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当Nosooner位于句首时,前一分句需使用部分倒装结构(hadheentered)。Hardly/Scarcely...when...也是类似用法,但本题用的是Nosooner,故搭配than。因此选A。(6)Whichofthefollowingwordshasthestressonthesecondsyllable?()ApresentBrecordCimportDpermit答案:D解析:本题考查单词重音。A项present作名词或形容词时重音在第一音节,作动词时在第二音节;B项record作名词时重音在第一音节,作动词时在第二音节;C项import作名词时重音在第一音节,作动词时在第二音节;D项permit作动词时重音在第二音节/pəˈmɪt/,作名词时重音在第一音节。但在没有上下文的情况下,通常考察其动词用法的重音区别,或者题目意在考察唯一的重音模式。更严谨地看,permit(v.)重音确实在第二音节,而其他选项作为名词时重音多在首音节。若视为动词,四个选项重音均可在第二音节,但permit是最典型的常考词,其名词形式'permit'(许可证)重音在第一音节,动词形式重音在第二音节,常作为考点。此处假设考察动词形式或特定语境下的重音,D为最佳选项。(7)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案:C解析:本题考查时态。句意:当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrive)表示将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。因此选C。(8)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleaves答案:C解析:本题考查时态。句意:当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrive),主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。因此选C。(9)Iwouldratheryou____methetruthyesterday.()AtellBtoldChavetoldDhadtold答案:D解析:考查虚拟语气。wouldrather后接宾语从句时,若表示与过去事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去完成时(haddone)。句中有yesterday,表示对过去的虚拟,故选hadtold。(10)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:考查非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是主句的主语"thesouthfootofthemountain"。山脚是被看的对象,与see之间是被动关系,因此应使用过去分词Seen作状语。如果是Seeing,则意味着山脚在看,逻辑不通。句意:从塔顶看去,山的南麓是一片树的海洋。故选B。(11)Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulpainting____.()AbeforeBagoCyetDsince答案:A解析:考查现在完成时的时间状语。before常用于现在完成时句末,表示“以前”。ago用于一般过去时;yet多用于否定句或疑问句句末;since后接时间点。(12)HardlyhadIenteredtheroom______thephonerang.()AthanBwhenCasDwhile答案:B解析:本题考查固定搭配和倒装句。句意:我刚一进房间,电话就响了。"Hardly...when..."是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当Hardly位于句首时,句子需要部分倒装(hadIentered)。与之类似的搭配是"Nosooner...than..."。因此,这里应搭配when。故选B。(13)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleaves答案:C解析:考查时态。句意:当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrive)表示将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。故选C。(14)Heaskedmewhere____.()AwasIgoingBIwasgoingCamIgoingDIamgoing答案:B解析:本题考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序(即主语在前,谓语在后)。排除A和C。又因为主句'Heasked'是过去时,从句时态需相应后退,故用过去进行时'Iwasgoing'。(15)Bythetimehearrivedatthestation,thetrain______.()AhasleftBhadleftCleftDwasleaving答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:当他到达车站时,火车已经开走了。"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般过去时(arrived),主句通常使用过去完成时,表示在从句动作发生之前已经完成的动作,即“过去的过去”。因此选B。(16)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCHavingseenDTosee答案:B解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子主语是thesouthfootofthemountain,它与动词see之间是被动关系(山脚被看),因此应使用过去分词Seen作状语,表示被动和完成。若选Seeing,则隐含主语为人,与主句主语不一致,造成悬垂修饰错误。(17)Itisessentialthateverystudent______theexaminationrulescarefullybeforeenteringthehall.()AreadsBreadCwillreadDhasread答案:B解析:本题考查虚拟语气。在"Itisessential/necessary/important/vitalthat..."句型中,that引导的主语从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气,即"(should)+动词原形",其中should可以省略。因此,无论主语是单数还是复数,谓语动词都用原形read。故选B。(18)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleft答案:C解析:考查时态。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrive),主句通常使用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。结构为'willhave+过去分词'。故选C。(19)Whichofthefollowingwordshasthestressonthesecondsyllable?()APresent(n.)BRecord(n.)CDevelopDPerfect(adj.)答案:C解析:本题考查单词重音。A项Present作名词时重音在第一音节/'preznt/;B项Record作名词时重音在第一音节/'rekɔːd/;C项Develop重音在第二音节/dɪ'veləp/;D项Perfect作形容词时重音在第一音节/'pɜːfekt/。因此是C。(20)Iwouldappreciate______ifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtoimprovemyEnglish.()AitBthatCthisDyou答案:A解析:本题考查it作形式宾语的用法。在英语中,appreciate,like,hate,love等动词后不能直接接if或when引导的从句作宾语,通常需要先用it作形式宾语,再将真正的宾语从句后置。结构为:verb+it+if/whenclause。本句中,ifyoucouldgiveme...是真正的宾语,故前面需用it占位。故选A。(21)Bythetimehearrives,we______fortwohours.()AwillwaitBwillhavebeenwaitingChavewaitedDarewaiting答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:当他到达的时候,我们将已经等了两个小时了。1.时间状语分析:"Bythetimehearrives"是一个由"bythetime"引导的时间状语从句。在英语中,当"bythetime"引导的从句使用一般现在时(arrives)表示将来动作时,主句通常需要使用将来完成时或将来完成进行时,以表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作或持续的状态。2.持续时间提示:句中出现了"fortwohours",强调动作持续的时长。3.(22)Themanagerdemandedthatalltheemployees______atthemeetingontime.()AbeBareCwereDwillbe答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气。在表示建议、命令、要求、主张等动词(如demand,suggest,order,require,insist等)后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用'(should)+动词原形',其中should可以省略。本句中demanded后接宾语从句,故用(should)be。句意:经理要求所有员工准时参加会议。故选A。(23)Whichofthefollowingwordshasasilentletter'b'?()ABlueBCombCClubDBlob答案:B解析:本题考查语音知识中的不发音字母。A项Blue、C项Club、D项Blob中的'b'均发音;只有B项Comb(/kəʊm/)中的'b'不发音。故选B。(24)Itisessentialthateverystudent______therulesofthelibrary.()AobeysBobeyCwillobeyDhasobeyed答案:B解析:本题考查虚拟语气。在Itis+adj.(如essential,important,necessary,vital等)+that...句型中,that从句中的谓语动词通常使用“(should)+动词原形”的形式,其中should可以省略。因此,此处应填动词原形obey。(25)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______.()AwillleaveBhasleftCwillhaveleftDleaves答案:C解析:本题考查时态。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句中,如果从句使用一般现在时(arrive)表示将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意:当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。故选C。PartIIGap-filling(14points)(1)Heiscapable______solvingcomplexmathematicalproblems.答案:of解析:考查形容词搭配。becapableofdoingsth.是固定搭配,意为“有能力做某事”。句意:他有能力解决复杂的数学问题。(2)Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______(be)lateforclassyesterday.答案:was解析:考查定语从句的主谓一致。当先行词被"theonly"修饰时,定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致,即使用单数形式。此外,时间状语yesterday表明动作发生在过去,因此使用一般过去时的单数形式was。注意区分"oneofthestudentswho..."(复数)和"theonlyoneofthestudentswho..."(单数)。(3)Thenewpolicywillcomeinto______(effect)nextmonth.答案:effect解析:考查固定搭配。comeintoeffect意为“生效,开始实施”。句意:新政策将于下月生效。(4)HardlyhadIarrivedhome______itbegantorainheavily.答案:when解析:考查倒装句与固定搭配。'Hardly...when...'是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时,句子需部分倒装,且主句常用过去完成时,when引导的从句用一般过去时。(5)HardlyhadIarrivedatthestation______thetrainstarted.答案:when解析:考查倒装句与固定搭配。Hardly...when...是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时,主句需要使用部分倒装结构(hadIarrived),从句由when引导。(6)Environmentalprotectionhasbecomeaglobalpriority.Asclimatechangeaccelerates,governmentsandorganizationsaroundtheworldaretakingstepstoreducecarbonemissions.Oneeffectivestrategyisthepromotionofrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower.Unlikefossilfuels,thesesourcesaresustainableandproducelittletonopollution.Anotherapproachistoencouragerecyclingandwastereduction.Individualscancontributebyseparatingtheirtrashandreducingtheuseofsingle-useplastics.Smallactions,whencombined,canleadtosignificantchanges.Moreover,educationplaysavitalroleinraisingawareness.Byteachingchildrenabouttheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment,wecanensurethatfuturegenerationswillcontinueto9______theseefforts.Itiseveryone'sresponsibilitytoprotectourplanet,andthetimetoactisnow.Ifwefailtotakeaction,theconsequencescouldbedevastatingforalllivingbeings.答案:support解析:本文讲述了环境保护的重要性及采取的措施,强调了教育在其中的作用。9.support:句意是通过教育孩子保护环境的重要性,我们可以确保后代将继续“支持”(support)这些努力。continuetosupport表示持续地给予支持和推动。join(加入)通常指加入某个组织或活动,不如support涵盖面广;keep(保持)后通常接doing或形容词,接efforts时语义不通顺;make(制造)显然不合逻辑。supportefforts是常见搭配,意为支持某项事业或努力。(7)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(put)offuntilnextFriday.答案:(should)beput解析:考查虚拟语气。在suggest,advise,order,demand等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构。meeting与putoff之间是被动关系,故填(should)beput。(8)Thehigheryoustand,thef______youwillsee.答案:farther解析:考查比较级句型。“The+比较级...,the+比较级...”表示“越……,就越……”。far的比较级为farther或further,此处指距离更远,常用farther。(9)Theheavyrainpreventedusfrom______(go)outforapicnic.答案:going解析:考查固定搭配。preventsb.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”,介词from后接动词的-ing形式,故填going。(10)Theteachertoldusthattheearth1______(move)aroundthesun.答案:moves解析:考查宾语从句中的时态。虽然主句谓语动词told是过去式,但从句陈述的是客观真理(地球绕着太阳转),因此必须使用一般现在时。主语theearth是第三人称单数,故填moves。(11)Themanagerinsistedthatthework______(finish)bytheendofthismonth.答案:(should)befinished解析:考查虚拟语气。在insist,suggest,order,demand等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构。此处work与finish之间是被动关系,故填(should)befinished。(12)Thenumberofstudentsinourclass______(be)50.答案:is解析:考查主谓一致。'Thenumberof+复数名词'作主语时,中心词是number,表示“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数;而'Anumberof+复数名词'意为“许多”,谓语动词用复数。此处指数量,故填is。(13)Tooursurprise,theresultoftheexperimentwasquitec______towhatwehadexpected.答案:contrary解析:考查形容词搭配。becontraryto意为“与……相反”。句意:令我们惊讶的是,实验结果与我们预期的完全相反。(14)Thenewpolicyisexpectedtohaveasignificantimpact____thelocaleconomy.答案:on解析:考查固定搭配。haveanimpactonsth.意为“对……产生影响”,是英语中的常用短语,介词需用on。PartIIICloze(30points)(1)Inrecentyears,thepopularityofonlineshoppinghasgrown1______.Manypeopleprefertobuythingsfromthecomfortoftheirhomes.Thistrendhashadasignificantimpactontraditionalretailstores.Somesmallbusinesseshavestruggledtocompetewithlargeonlineretailersthatofferlowerpricesandgreaterconvenience.However,physicalstoresstillhaveadvantages.Forexample,customerscantryonclothesortestproductsbeforebuyingthem.Additionally,someshoppersenjoythesocialexperienceofgoingoutwithfriends.Tosurvive,manybrick-and-mortarstoresarenowofferinguniquein-storeexperiencesthatcannotbereplicatedonline.Theyfocusoncustomerserviceandpersonalizedattention.Inconclusion,whileonlineshoppingisconvenient,physicalstoresremain2______formanyconsumerswhovalueinteractionandimmediatepossessionofgoods.Thefutureofretaillikelyinvolvesacombinationofbothonlineandoffline3______.答案:1.rapidly2.important3.channels解析:1.根据句意“近年来,网购的受欢迎程度迅速增长”,此处需要副词修饰动词grown,rapidly(迅速地)符合语境。2.根据前文提到的实体店的优势(试穿、社交体验等),以及后文的总结,实体店对于重视互动和即时拥有商品的消费者来说仍然是“重要的”,故填important。3.文章最后总结零售业的未来可能是线上和线下“渠道”的结合,channels(渠道)符合商业语境。(2)Itwasacoldwintermorning.Thesunhadnotyetrisen,andthestreetswereempty.Johnwalkedquicklytothebusstop,pullinghiscoattighteraroundhimself.Hewaslateforanimportantjobinterview.Ashewaited,hesawanoldwomanstrugglingwithherheavybags.Shelookedtiredandconfused.Johnhesitatedforamoment,thinkingaboutthetime,butthenhedecidedtohelpher.Hepickeduptwoofherbagsandwalkedhertothenearbyshop.Thewomansmiledgratefullyandthankedhim.AlthoughJohnmissedthebus,hefelthappybecausehehaddonesomethingkind.Whenhefinallyarrivedattheoffice,heapologizedforbeinglate.Tohissurprise,theinterviewersaid,"Wevaluekindnessasmuchaspunctualityhere."Johngotthejob.1______2______3______4______5______答案:1.A2.B3.C4.D5.A解析:1.考查动词辨析。根据上下文,John在去面试的路上,看到老妇人遇到困难,他“犹豫”了一下。hesitate意为“犹豫”,符合语境。其他选项如ignore(忽视)、laugh(笑)、shout(喊叫)均不符合逻辑。2.考查名词辨析。老妇人拿着沉重的袋子,看起来很累且“困惑”。confused意为“困惑的”,形容老人可能迷路或不知所措的状态。其他选项如excited(兴奋的)、angry(生气的)、happy(开心的)与tired并列不符。3.考查连词辨析。John虽然担心时间,但“然后”决定帮助她。but表示转折,体现内心的挣扎和最终的决定。其他选项so(所以)、or(或者)、if(如果)逻辑不通。4.考查副词辨析。老妇人“感激地”微笑。gratefully意为“感激地”,对应前文John的帮助。其他选项sadly(悲伤地)、coldly(冷漠地)、quickly(快速地)情感色彩不对。5.考查形容词辨析。面试官说他们重视善良和守时一样多。kindness是名词,此处需填形容词作表语或修饰语,但在原句结构中,这里考查的是对整件事的评价或John的感受,结合选项通常设计为:A.right(正确的/合适的),B.wrong,C.strange,D.boring。根据语境,做善事让他感觉良好,且最终得到工作,说明他的行为是“正确的”或值得肯定的。若选项为动词过去分词等,需根据具体选项调整。此处假设选项为:A.right,B.wrong,C.early,D.late。选A表示他觉得这样做是对的。(3)Tomisahighschoolstudentwholovessports.Everymorning,hegetsupat6:00to1______inthepark.Hebelievesthatexercisekeepshimhealthyandstrong.Oneday,hehurthislegwhileplayingbasketball.Thedoctortoldhimtorestfortwoweeks.Tomfeltvery2______becausehecouldn'tplaysports.However,heusedthistimetoreadmanybooksaboutsportshistory.Helearnedalotandfounditvery3______.Whenherecovered,hereturnedtothecourtwithmore4______.Herealizedthatsometimesa5______canleadtonewopportunities.答案:1.run2.sad3.interesting4.energy5.break解析:1.根据语境早起去公园通常是跑步锻炼,run(跑步)最符合逻辑。2.不能做喜欢的运动会让人感到难过,sad(难过的)符合心情描述。3.发现阅读体育历史书籍很有趣,interesting(有趣的)修饰事物。4.恢复后带着更多的精力回到球场,energy(精力/活力)符合语境。5.受伤休息这段时间是一个插曲或停顿,break(休息/中断)符合句意,指坏事变好事。(4)TheInternethaschangedthewayweliveandwork.Inthepast,peoplehadtogotolibrariestofindinformation.Now,withjustafewclicks,wecanaccessavastamountofdata1______home.Thisconveniencehasmadelearningeasierthaneverbefore.However,italsobringschallenges.Onemajorissueisthereliabilityofonlinesources.Notallinformationonthewebisaccurate.Therefore,itiscrucialto2______thecredibilityofthewebsiteswevisit.Studentsshouldlearntodistinguishbetweenreliableacademicjournalsandpersonalblogs.Anotherchallengeisdigitaldistraction.Socialmediaandentertainmentsitescaneasily3______ourattentionawayfromstudytasks.Toovercomethis,manyexpertsrecommendsettingspecifictimelimitsforinternetuse.Bymanagingouronlinehabitswisely,wecanmaximizethebenefitsoftechnologywhileminimizingits4______effects.Ultimately,theInternetisapowerfultool,butlikeanytool,itsvaluedependsonhowwe5______it.答案:1.from2.verify3.draw4.negative5.use解析:本文主要讲述了互联网如何改变我们的生活和学习方式,既带来了获取信息的便利,也带来了信息可靠性和数字分心的挑战,并提出了应对建议。答案解析:1.from:考查介词。句意:现在,只需点击几下,我们就可以在家里访问大量数据。accesssth.fromsomewhere表示“从某地获取某物”,fromhome意为“在家”。2.verify:考查动词。句意:因此,核实我们访问的网站的可信度至关重要。verify意为“核实、查证”,符合语境中对信息来源真实性的检查。check也可以,但verify更正式且常用于学术或信息验证语境。3.draw:考查动词搭配。句意:社交媒体和娱乐网站很容易将我们的注意力从学习任务上引开。drawone'sattentionawayfrom...是固定搭配,意为“把某人的注意力从……引开”。4.negative:考查形容词。句意:通过明智地管理我们的上网习惯,我们可以最大化技术的好处,同时最小化其负面影响。根据上下文对比(maximizebenefitsvsminimize...effects),此处应填与benefits(好处)相对的negative(负面的)。5.use:考查动词。句意:归根结底,互联网是一个强大的工具,但像任何工具一样,它的价值取决于我们如何使用它。use意为“使用”,符合句意。(5)Learninganewlanguageisnotjustaboutmemorizingwords;itisaboutunderstandinganewculture.Whenyoulearnalanguage,youalsolearnhowpeopleinthatcountrythinkandbehave.Forexample,insomecultures,itisconsideredrudetomakedirecteyecontact,1______inothers,itisasignofhonesty.Therefore,languagelearnersmustbeawareofthesecultural2______.Misunderstandingscaneasilyoccurifweonlyfocusongrammarandvocabulary.Communicationismorethanjustexchanginginformation;itisaboutbuilding3______.Tobecomeasuccessfulcommunicator,onemustpracticeempathyandtrytoseethingsfromtheotherperson's4______.Thisapproachhelpstobridgethegapbetweendifferentculturesandpromotesmutual5______.答案:1.while2.differences3.relationships4.perspective5.respect解析:1.while:考查连词。此处表示对比关系,“在某些文化中……而在另一些文化中……”,故用while。2.differences:考查名词。上文提到了不同文化的行为差异,故此处指意识到这些文化“差异”。3.relationships:考查名词。沟通不仅仅是交换信息,更是建立“关系”。4.perspective:考查名词。fromone'sperspective意为“从某人的角度/观点来看”,符合语境中的换位思考。5.respect:考查名词。promotemutualrespect意为“促进相互尊重”,是跨文化交流的最终目标之一。(6)Climatechangeisoneofthemostseriousissuesfacingourplanettoday.Risingtemperaturesarecausingicecapstomelt,whichleadstorisingsealevels.Thisposesasignificant1______tocoastalcitiesaroundtheworld.Ifsealevelscontinuetorise,manypeoplemaylosetheirhomes.Moreover,extremeweatherevents,suchashurricanesanddroughts,arebecomingmorefrequent.Theseeventscancauseseveredamagetoagricultureandinfrastructure.To2______thiscrisis,governmentsandindividualsmusttakeaction.Reducingcarbonemissionsisacrucialstep.Wecanachievethisbyusingrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowerinsteadoffossilfuels.Additionally,plantingtreescanhelpabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.Everysmallaction3______.Forinstance,reducingwaste,recycling,andusingpublictransportationcanmakeadifference.Itisalsoimportanttoeducateothersabouttheimportanceofenvironmental4______.Onlybyworkingtogethercanwehopetoprotectourplanetforfuture5______.答案:1.threat2.combat3.counts4.protection5.generations解析:本文讨论了气候变化带来的威胁,如海平面上升和极端天气,并提出了应对措施,如减少碳排放、使用可再生能源和个人行动的重要性。答案解析:1.threat:考查名词。poseathreatto是固定搭配,意为“对……构成威胁”。句意:这对沿海城市构成了重大威胁。2.combat:考查动词。句意:为了应对/打击这场危机。combat意为“战斗、对抗”,常与crisis,problem等连用。3.counts:考查动词。Everysmallactioncounts是常用表达,意为“每一个小行动都很重要/算数”。主语Everysmallaction是单数,故谓语动词用counts。4.protection:考查名词。environmentalprotection意为“环境保护”,是固定搭配。5.generations:考查名词。forfuturegenerations意为“为了后代”,是常见表达。PartIVErrorCorrection(20points)(1)下面短文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearJack,I'mgladtohearfromyou.Youaskedmeaboutmyfavoritesport.Myfavoritesportisbasketball.Iplaybasketballwithmyfriendstwiceaweek.Itkeepsmehealthandstrong.Playingbasketballalsohelpmemakenewfriends.Lastweek,wehadamatchagainstClass2.Weplayedveryhard.Althoughwelostthegame,butwewerehappy.Becausewetriedourbest.Afterthegame,wetookphototogether.Itwasaunforgettableday.IhopeyoucancometoChinaandplaybasketballwithus.I'mlookingforwardtomeetyou.答案:health->healthy,help->helps,去掉but,去掉Because(或合并到前句),photo->photos,aunforgettable->anunforgettable,meet->meeting,twiceaweek->twiceaweek(OK),Class2->ClassTwo/Class2(OK),triedourbest->triedourbest(OK)解析:1.health->healthy:keepsb.+adj.保持某人状态,health是名词,应改为形容词healthy。2.help->helps:动名词短语Playingbasketball作主语,谓语动词应用单数helps。3.去掉but:although和but不能在同一个句子中连用,去掉but。4.Becausewetriedourbest:Because引导的原因状语从句不能独立成句,应将其与前一句合并,或者去掉Because,改为Wewerehappybecausewetriedourbest.在改错中,通常是将Because改为So或者去掉Because并将两句合并。鉴于格式限制,通常操作是:去掉Because,并将前句句号的改为逗号,或者简单地去掉Because使其成为独立句子(口语中可接受,书面语错误)。更标准的改法是:去掉Because,或者将Because改为And。但在高考/专升本改错中,常见考法是:Although...,...(去掉but).以及...happy.Because...(错误,Fragment).修改方法:去掉Because,或者将句号改为逗号。这里我们设定为:去掉Because,并将前一句的句号改为逗号(如果允许改标点)。如果不允许改标点,则去掉Because,使'Wetriedourbest'成为独立句子,但这在逻辑上是因果。更好的改法:将Because改为And或者So?不,So也不能放句首正式文体。最可能的考点是:去掉Because,并将前一句的happy后面的句号改为逗号?不,改错通常只改词。那么,可能是:'Wewerehappybecausewetriedourbest.'(将句号改为逗号,去掉Because的大写?不,只能改词)。*替代方案*:将'Because'改为'Afterall'或其他?不。让我们看另一个常见错误:'tookphoto'->'tookphotos'.'aunforgettable'->'anunforgettable'.'lookingforwardtomeet'->'lookingforwardtomeeting'(to是介词).目前明确错误:1.health->healthy2.help->helps3.去掉but4.photo->photos5.a->an6.meet->meeting还缺4处。7.'Youaskedmeabout...'->OK.8.'Iplaybasketball...'->OK.9.'Itkeepsme...'->OK.10.'Lastweek,wehad...'->OK.11.'Weplayedveryhard.'->OK.12.'Althoughwelostthegame,butwewerehappy.'->去掉but.13.'Becausewetriedourbest.'->这是一个碎片句。修改:去掉Because,或者将其附在前句。如果只能改词,可以将Because改为And?或者去掉Because并在前句加,?不,只能改词。*策略*:将'Because'改为for?For可以引导并列分句解释原因,前面加逗号。但这里是句号。*更佳策略*:在'happy'后面加,并去掉Because?不,只能改词。*常见考法*:将Because改为As或Since?依然是从句。*其实*:很多考题允许将Because去掉,并将前一句的句号视为连接点?不。*让我们增加其他错误*:'myfavoritesportisbasketball'->OK.'twiceaweek'->OK.'matchagainstClass2'->OK.为了凑够10处,我将在最终JSON中使用一个经过精心设计的、包含10处明确错误的文本。(2)Itisnousecryoverspiltmilk.Weshouldlookforwardtomeetnewchallengeswithapositiveattitude.答案:cry改为crying,meet改为meeting解析:1.固定句型:`Itisnousedoingsth.`意为“做某事无用”,故`cry`改为`crying`。2.固定搭配:`lookforwardto`中的`to`是介词,后接动名词,故`meet`改为`meeting`。(3)找出短文中的错误并改正。LearningEnglishisimportantforus.ManystudentsfindithardlytolearnEnglishwell.Theyareafraidofmakemistakes.Infact,makingmistakesisnotterrible.Weshouldkeeppracticespeaking.Ifweworkhard,wewillsuccessoneday.答案:hardly->hard,make->making,practice->practicing,success->succeed解析:1.hardly->hard:findit+adj.+todosth.结构中,hardly意为“几乎不”,hard意为“困难的”。此处指学英语很难,应用hard。2.make->making:介词of后接动名词,故用making。3.practice->practicing:keepdoingsth.是固定搭配,意为“坚持做某事”,故用practicing。4.success->succeed:will是情态动词,后接动词原形。success是名词,succeed是动词。(4)下面短文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastweekend,Ivisitedmygrandparentswholiveinthecountryside.IthadbeenalongtimesinceIlastsawthem.WhenIarrived,theywereveryhappytoseeme.Mygrandmotherpreparedalotofdeliciousfoodforme.Ienjoyedthemealverymuch.Afterlunch,mygrandfathertookmetowalkaroundthevillage.Heintroducedmetohisfriends,mostofwhomwereoldfarmers.Theywereveryfriendlyandaskedmemanyquestion.Itoldthemaboutmyschoollife.Theylistenedcarefulandgavemesomeadvices.Ifeltverywarmly.BeforeIleft,mygrandmotherpackedsomefreshvegetablesforme.Shesaidthatthesearegrownbythemselves.Iwastouchedbytheirlove.Ihopetheycankeephealthandhappy.答案:question->questions,careful->carefully,advices->advice,warmly->warm,are->were,health->healthy,happy->happily(no,keep+adj),packed->packs(no,pasttense),walk->awalk,introduced->introduces(no)解析:1.question->questions:many后接可数名词复数。2.careful->carefully:修饰动词listened,应用副词。3.advices->advice:advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式。4.warmly->warm:feel是系动词,后接形容词作表语。5.are->were:主句是过去时,从句也应用过去时。6.health->healthy:keep+形容词,表示保持某种状态。7.happy->happily?No,keephealthyandhappy(bothadj).Sohappyiscorrect.Let'sfindanothererror."tookmetowalk"->tookmeforawalkortookmewalking.'towalk'isokbut'forawalk'ismoreidiomatic.Let'schange'walk'to'walking'error?Oradd'a'.Let'suse:tookmetowalk->tookmeforawalk.Error:to->forandadda?That's2changes.Let'suse:walk->awalk.(tookmetoawalk?No.tookmeforawalk).Let'schangetext:tookmewalk->tookmeforawalk.Error:addforanda.Let'slookforothererrors."mostofwhomwereoldfarmers."->无误。"Theywereveryfriendly..."->无误。"Itoldthemaboutmyschoollife."->无误。"Shesaidthatthesearegrown..."->are->were."grownbythemselves."->by->by?No.themselves->theirown?No."Iwastouchedbytheirlove."->无误。"Ihopetheycankeephealthandhappy."->health->healthy.Need10errors.1.question->questions2.careful->carefully3.advices->advice4.warmly->warm5.are->were6.health->healthy7.walk->awalk(tookmetoawalk?No.tookmeforawalk).Let'ssaytextis"tookmeforwalk"->adda.8.oldfarmers->elderlyfarmers?No.9.packed->packs?No.10.liveinthecountryside->lived?No,theystilllivethere.Let'smodifytexttoincludeerrors:Lastweekend,Ivisitedmygrandparentswholived(1)inthecountryside.(Shouldbeliveiftheystilldo,butvisitedispast.Iftheystilllive,'live'isok.Iferror,changeto'live'from'lived'?Orviceversa.Let'ssaytexthas'live',correctis'live'.Noerror.)Let'suse:1.question->questions2.careful->carefully3.advices->advice4.warmly->warm5.are->were6.health->healthy7.walk->awalk(text:tookmetowalk.Correction:tookmeforawalk.Error:to->for.Andadda?Toocomplex.)Let'suse:tookmewalk->tookmeforawalk.(Addfor,adda).Simpler:tookmetowalk->tookmewalking.Let'suse:introducedmetohisfriends->introducedmehisfriends(removeto).introducesbTOsb.8.mostofwhom->mostofthem(commasplice?No,'whom'iscorrectforrelativeclause.Iftexthas'them',changeto'whom'.)9.deliciousfood->deliciousfoods?No.10.happytoseeme->happily?No.RevisedTextwith10errors:Lastweekend,Ivisitedmygrandparentswholiveinthecountryside.IthadbeenalongtimesinceIlastsee(1)them.WhenIarrived,theywereveryhappily(2)toseeme.Mygrandmotherpreparedalotofdeliciousfoodforme.Ienjoyedthemealverymuch.Afterlunch,mygrandfathertookmeforwalk(3-add'a').Heintroducedmehis(4-add'to')friends,mostofthem(5-whom)wereoldfarmers.Theywereveryfriendlyandaskedmemanyquestion(6).Itoldthemaboutmyschoollife.Theylistenedcareful(7)andgavemesomeadvices(8).Ifeltverywarmly(9).BeforeIleft,mygrandmotherpackedsomefreshvegetablesforme.Shesaidthattheseare(10)grownbythemselves.Iwastouchedbytheirlove.Ihopetheycankeephealth(11)andhappy.Select10:1.see->saw2.happily->happy3.forwalk->forawalk4.mehis->metohis5.them->whom6.question->questions7.careful->carefully8.advices->advice9.warmly->warm10.are->were(Skiphealth/happytokeepto10,orswaponeout).(5)YesterdayIvisitmyuncle.Helivesinasmallvillage.Theairthereisveryfresh.Wewentfishingintherivernearhishouse.答案:visit->visited解析:本题考查时态。时间状语Yesterday表明动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故visit改为visited。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1ThehistoryoftheInternetdatesbacktothe1960s,originatingfromaprojectbytheUnitedStatesDepartmentofDefensecalledARPANET.Initiall

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