2026秋新教材教科版五年级上册英语Unit 4 Here Comes a Typhoon!单元语法 讲义（含练习题及答案）

2026秋新教材教科版五年级上册英语Unit4HereComesaTyphoon!单元语法讲义一、核心语法点详解语法点1：一般将来时（will/shall结构）语法讲解：

will/shall结构表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，结构为：主语+will/shall+动词原形。shall用于第一人称(I/we)will用于各种人称缩写形式：Iwill=I'llyouwill=you'llhewill=he'llshewill=she'llitwill=it'llwewill=we'lltheywill=they'll否定形式：willnot=won't，shallnot=shan't教材例句解析：Atyphoonwillcometomorrow.（明天会有台风来。）解析：主语Atyphoon，后面跟will+动词原形come。I'llturnoffthelights.（我会关灯的。）解析：主语I，will缩写为I'll，后面跟动词原形turn。You'llneedtoclosethewindows.（你需要关上窗户。）解析：主语You，will缩写为You'll，后面跟动词原形need。will和begoingto的区别：will：表示单纯的将来，或临时决定做某事begoingto：表示计划、打算做某事，或根据迹象判断将要发生某事易错点：will后面跟动词-ing形式：×Iwillgoingtoschool.→√Iwillgotoschool.混淆will和begoingto的用法：×Lookattheclouds.Itwillrain.→√Lookattheclouds.It'sgoingtorain.（根据迹象判断将要下雨）语法点2：祈使句（表示命令、建议和提醒）语法讲解：

祈使句用来表示命令、建议、提醒或请求，主语you通常省略，以动词原形开头。肯定形式：动词原形+其他Closethewindows.（关上窗户。）Turnoffthelights.（关灯。）否定形式：Don't+动词原形+其他Don'trun.（不要跑。）Don'tstayoutside.（不要待在外面。）委婉形式：Please+动词原形+其他Pleasebecareful.（请小心。）Pleasestayindoors.（请待在室内。）教材例句解析：Stayawayfromtrees!（远离树木！）解析：肯定祈使句，以动词原形Stay开头，表示命令。Don'tforgettobringeverythinginside.（不要忘记把所有东西都拿到室内。）解析：否定祈使句，以Don't+动词原形forget开头，表示提醒。Pleasefollowthesetips.（请遵循这些建议。）解析：委婉祈使句，以Please+动词原形follow开头，表示请求。易错点：祈使句开头用动词-ing形式：×Closingthewindows.→√Closethewindows.否定祈使句用No开头：×Norun.→√Don'trun.语法点3：情态动词need的用法语法讲解：

need作情态动词时，表示"需要"，没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，主要用于否定句和疑问句。教材例句解析：You'llneedtoclosethewindows.（你需要关上窗户。）解析：这里need作实义动词，后面跟动词不定式toclose。Doyouneedanyhelp?（你需要帮助吗？）解析：这里need作实义动词，一般疑问句用助动词do。need作情态动词和实义动词的区别：情态动词need：后面跟动词原形，否定形式是needn'tYouneedn'tworry.（你不必担心。）实义动词need：后面跟动词不定式，否定形式是don't/doesn'tneedtoYoudon'tneedtogothere.（你不必去那里。）易错点：情态动词need后面跟动词不定式：×Youneedtoworry.→√Youneedn'tworry.实义动词need后面跟动词原形：×Youneedclosethewindows.→√Youneedtoclosethewindows.语法点4：条件状语从句（If引导的条件状语从句）语法讲解：

if引导的条件状语从句表示"如果……"，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（主将从现）。教材例句解析：Ifyouhappentobeoutside,gettoasafeplacequickly.（如果你碰巧在外面，赶快到一个安全的地方去。）解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时happen，主句用祈使句gettoasafeplacequickly（表示将来的动作）。Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时rains，主句用一般将来时willstay。易错点：主句和从句都用一般将来时：×Ifitwillraintomorrow,wewillstayathome.→√Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.二、语法点课堂练习语法点1：一般将来时（will/shall结构）选择题I______helpyouwithyourhomework.

A.willB.amC.do

答案：A

解析：表示将来要做的事，用will+动词原形help。She______gotoBeijingnextweek.

A.willB.isC.do

答案：A

解析：表示将来要做的事，用will+动词原形go。They______haveapicnictomorrow.

A.willB.isC.do

答案：A

解析：表示将来要做的事，用will+动词原形have。______youcometomyparty?

A.WillB.AreC.Do

答案：A

解析：询问对方将来是否会来参加派对，用Will引导一般疑问句。I______notgotoschooltomorrow.

A.willB.amC.do

答案：A

解析：表示将来不会做的事，用willnot+动词原形go。填空题We______(visit)themuseumnextSunday.

答案：willvisit

解析：表示将来要做的事，用will+动词原形visit。He______(notcome)tothemeetingtomorrow.

答案：won'tcome

解析：will的否定形式是won't，后面跟动词原形come。______they______(join)us?

答案：Will;join

解析：一般疑问句，把will提到主语前面，后面跟动词原形join。语法点2：祈使句选择题______thewindows,please.

A.CloseB.ClosingC.Toclose

答案：A

解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，所以用Close。______runinthestreet.

A.Don'tB.NotC.No

答案：A

解析：否定祈使句以Don't+动词原形开头，所以用Don't。______careful!

A.BeB.IsC.Are

答案：A

解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，be动词的原形是Be。______forgettobringyourumbrella.

A.Don'tB.NotC.No

答案：A

解析：否定祈使句以Don't+动词原形开头，所以用Don't。______yourhomeworkfirst.

A.DoB.DoingC.Todo

答案：A

解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，所以用Do。填空题______(turn)offthelights.

答案：Turn

解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，所以用Turn。______(notstay)outsideduringatyphoon.

答案：Don'tstay

解析：否定祈使句以Don't+动词原形开头，所以用Don'tstay。______(be)quiet,please.

答案：Be

解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，be动词的原形是Be。语法点3：情态动词need的用法选择题You______toclosethewindows.

A.needB.needsC.needing

答案：A

解析：这里need作实义动词，主语You是第二人称，动词用原形need，后面跟动词不定式toclose。Doyou______anyhelp?

A.needB.needsC.needing

答案：A

解析：这里need作实义动词，一般疑问句中助动词do后面跟动词原形need。You______worry.EverythingwillbeOK.

A.needn'tB.don'tneedC.need

答案：A

解析：这里need作情态动词，否定形式是needn't，后面跟动词原形worry。He______togotoschoolearly.

A.needB.needsC.needing

答案：B

解析：这里need作实义动词，主语He是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式needs。______Igonow?

A.NeedB.DoC.Am

答案：A

解析：这里need作情态动词，用于一般疑问句，把need提到主语前面。填空题I______(need)tobuysomefood.

答案：need

解析：这里need作实义动词，主语I是第一人称，动词用原形need。You______(notneed)toworry.

答案：don'tneed

解析：这里need作实义动词，主语You是第二人称，否定形式是don'tneed。She______(need)tofinishherhomeworktoday.

答案：needs

解析：这里need作实义动词，主语She是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式needs。语法点4：条件状语从句选择题Ifit______tomorrow,wewillstayathome.

A.rainsB.willrainC.rain

答案：A

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，动词用rains。Ifyou______hard,youwillpasstheexam.

A.studyB.willstudyC.studies

答案：A

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，动词用原形study。Ifhe______come,Iwillgotoseehim.

A.doesn'tB.won'tC.don't

答案：A

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，否定形式用doesn't。Ifyou______hungry,Iwillmakeyousomethingtoeat.

A.areB.willbeC.is

答案：A

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，be动词用are。Ifthey______us,wewillhelpthem.

A.helpB.willhelpC.helps

答案：A

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语they是复数，动词用原形help。填空题Ifshe______(come),Iwilltellherthenews.

答案：comes

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，动词用comes。Ifyou______(nothurry),youwillbelate.

答案：don'thurry

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，否定形式用don'thurry。Ifit______(be)sunnytomorrow,wewillgotothepark.

答案：is

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，be动词用is。三、单元语法专项练习一、单项选择（10道）Atyphoon______cometomorrow.

A.willB.isC.do______thewindows,please.

A.CloseB.ClosingC.TocloseYou______toturnoffthelights.

A.needB.needsC.needingIfyou______outside,gettoasafeplacequickly.

A.areB.willbeC.is______runduringatyphoon.

A.Don'tB.NotC.NoI______helpyoucarrythebags.

A.willB.amC.do______youneedanyhelp?

A.DoB.WillC.AreIfit______tomorrow,wewillnotgohiking.

A.rainsB.willrainC.rainYou______worry.Thetyphoonwillpasssoon.

A.needn'tB.don'tneedC.need______carefulwhenyouwalkonthewetground.

A.BeB.IsC.Are二、用所给单词的适当形式填空（10道）We______(stay)athometomorrow.______(notgo)outsideduringatyphoon.You______(need)tobringeverythinginside.Ifhe______(call),tellhimI'mnothere.I______(notgo)tothepartytomorrow.______(turn)offtheTV,please.She______(need)tobuyanewraincoat.Ifthey______(come),wewillhaveaparty.Thetyphoon______(land)thisafternoon.______(notforget)toclosethewindows.三、根据中文提示完成句子（10道）明天会有台风来。

Atyphoon____________tomorrow.请关上窗户。

______the______,please.你需要把所有东西都拿到室内。

You__________________everythinginside.如果你碰巧在外面，赶快到一个安全的地方去。

______you____________beoutside,gettoasafeplacequickly.不要跑。

____________.我会帮你的。

I____________you.请小心。

____________,please.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。

______it______tomorrow,we____________athome.你不必担心。

You____________.远离树木！

__________________trees!四、完成句子（5道）Whenatyphooncomes,youshould______（待在室内）.______（不要忘记）tobringyourraincoat.Ifyouareoutside,______（远离树木）.You______（需要）toturnoffthelights.______（小心）whenyoucrossthestreet.五、选词填空（5道）will,close,need,if,don't______forgettobringyourumbrella.Atyphoon______comethisweekend.You______tostayindoors.______itrains,wewillnotgoout.Please______thewindows.六、完形填空（10空）Atyphooniscoming!Whatshouldwedotokeepsafe?

First,weshould1______thewindowsandbringeverythinginside.Thiswillstopthestrongwind2______breakingthewindows.

Second,weshouldturn3______thelightsandTV.Thiswillsaveelectricityandkeepussafe.

Third,ifwehappento4______outside,weshouldgettoasafeplacequickly.Weshouldstay5______fromtreesandbuildings.Weshouldwearacolourfulraincoat6______otherscanseeus.Andweshouldnotrun.Weshouldwatchourstep.

Fourth,weshould7______afirst-aidkitathome.Ithasmanyusefulthingsinit.

Fifth,weshouldlistentotheweatherreport8______knowmoreaboutthetyphoon.

Remember,safetyalwayscomes9______.Weshouldfollowthesetipstokeep10______duringatyphoon.A.closeB.openC.cleanA.fromB.toC.ofA.onB.offC.upA.beB.isC.areA.awayB.farC.nearA.soB.becauseC.butA.haveB.buyC.makeA.toB.forC.ofA.firstB.secondC.thirdA.safeB.happyC.healthy七、阅读理解（5道选择题）TyphoonSafetyTips

Atyphoonisaverystrongstormwithheavyrainandstrongwind.Itcanbeverydangerous.Herearesomesafetytipstohelpyoustaysafeduringatyphoon.

Indoors:Closeallthewindowsanddoors.Turnoffthelights,TVandotherelectricalthings.Stayawayfromwindowsanddoors.Keepafirst-aidkitathome.Listentotheweatherreportforthelatestnews.

Outdoors:Gettoasafeplacequickly.Stayawayfromtrees,buildingsandpowerlines.Wearacolourfulraincoatsootherscanseeyou.Donotuseanumbrella.Itcanbedangerousinstrongwind.Donotrun.Walkslowlyandwatchyourstep.

Ifyoufollowthesetips,youwillbesafeduringatyphoon.Whatisatyphoon?

A.Averystrongstorm.B.Aheavyrain.C.Astrongwind.Whatshouldyoudoindoorsduringatyphoon?

A.Openthewindows.B.Turnoffthelights.C.Standnearthewindows.Whatshouldyoudooutdoorsduringatyphoon?

A.Stayneartrees.B.Useanumbrella.C.Gettoasafeplacequickly.Whyshouldyouwearacolourfulraincoat?

A.Becauseitisbeautiful.

B.Becauseotherscanseeyou.

C.Becauseitcankeepyouwarm.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Youshouldlistentotheweatherreport.

B.Youshouldrunwhenyouareoutside.

C.Youshouldkeepafirst-aidkitathome.四、单元语法专项练习答案与解析一、单项选择答案：A

解析：表示将来要发生的事，用will+动词原形come。答案：A

解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，所以用Close。答案：A

解析：这里need作实义动词，主语You是第二人称，动词用原形need，后面跟动词不定式toturn。答案：A

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，be动词用are。答案：A

解析：否定祈使句以Don't+动词原形开头，所以用Don't。答案：A

解析：表示将来要做的事，用will+动词原形help。答案：A

解析：这里need作实义动词，一般疑问句用助动词do。答案：A

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，动词用rains。答案：A

解析：这里need作情态动词，否定形式是needn't，后面跟动词原形worry。答案：A

解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，be动词的原形是Be。二、用所给单词的适当形式填空答案：willstay

解析：表示将来要做的事，用will+动词原形stay。答案：Don'tgo

解析：否定祈使句以Don't+动词原形开头，所以用Don'tgo。答案：need

解析：这里need作实义动词，主语You是第二人称，动词用原形need。答案：calls

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，动词用calls。答案：won'tgo

解析：will的否定形式是won't，后面跟动词原形go。答案：Turn

解析：祈使句以动词原形开头，所以用Turn。答案：needs

解析：这里need作实义动词，主语She是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式needs。答案：come

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语they是复数，动词用原形come。答案：willland

解析：表示将来要发生的事，用will+动词原形land。答案：Don'tforget

解析：否定祈使句以Don't+动词原形开头，所以用Don'tforget。三、根据中文提示完成句子答案：willcome

解析：表示将来要发生的事，用will+动词原形come。答案：Close;windows

解析："关上"是Close，"窗户"是windows。答案：needtobring

解析："需要"是needto，"拿"是bring。答案：If;happento

解析："如果"是If，"碰巧"是happento。答案：Don'trun

解析：否定祈使句以Don't+动词原形开头，"跑"是run。答案：willhelp

解析：表示将来要做的事，用will+动词原形help。答案：Becareful

解析："小心"是Becareful。答案：If;rains;willstay

解析：if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。答案：needn'tworry

解析："不必担心"是needn'tworry。答案：Staya