甘肃省定西市临洮县2024-2025学年高二下学期期末统考英语试题（含答案）

甘肃省定西市临洮县2024-2025学年高二下学期期末统考英语试题一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADiscoveringNature:AGuideToAutumnHikesWeareorganizingaseriesofnaturehikestohelpyoudiscoverthebeautyofourlocallandscapes.Whetheryou’reaseasonedhikerorjuststartingout,there’sahikeforeveryone.Hike1—TheWaterfallTrailThiseasyhikeisidealforbeginners.Ittakesyouthroughlushforeststoastunningwaterfall.Enjoythesoundofwaterandthesightofwildlifealongtheway.DateandTime:Saturday,15thSeptember,at9:00StartPoint:SchoolGymHikeDuration:3hoursHike2—TheMountainSummitForthoselookingforachallenge,thishikewilltestyourenduranceasyouclimbtothesummitofMountGreenview.Theviewfromthetopisbreathtakingandwellworththeeffort.Youshouldprepareapackedlunchandamap.DateandTime:Sunday,16thSeptember,at9:00StartPoint:GreenviewParkHikeDuration:5hoursHike3—TheLakesideStrollAleisurelywalkaroundtheserenelakesidepath.Thishikeisperfectforrelaxationandphotography.Bringyourcameratocapturethebeautifulscenery.DateandTime:Saturday,15thSeptember,at14:00StartPoint:LakeCottageHikeDuration:2hoursHike4—TheHistoricalTrailJoinusonajourneythroughhistoryaswehikealonganoldtraderoute.Learnaboutthearea’spastandenjoythescenicviews.Participantsarerequiredtobringanotebooktotakenotesonhistoricalpointsofinterest.DateandTime:Sunday,16thSeptember,at11:30StartPoint:OldTownHikeDuration:4hoursAllhikesareledbyexperiencedguidesandarefreeforstudents.RemembertosignupattheschoolofficebySeptember10th.1.Whichhikeisthemostchallenging?A．TheWaterfallTrail.B．TheMountainSummitC．TheLakesideStroll.D．TheHistoricalTrail.2.WhatareparticipantsinHike4requiredtodo?A．Prepareapackedlunch.B．Joinahikingclub.C．Wearspecialclothes.D．Bringanotebook.3.Whenisthesign-updeadlineforthefourhikes?A．September5th.B．September10th.C．September15th.D．September16th.BIbelievedancingisinmynature,drivenbymyheartbeat,bloodpulse,andthemusicinmymind.SoIdancedaily.Theseldom-useddiningroomofmyhousehasbecomemyballroom,withahardwoodfloor,astereo,andadiscoball.Ihavesomemusicready:waltz,swing,country,rock-and-roll,andtango(探戈舞曲).Eachmorning,Iturnonthemusic,andit’sdancetime!Asaquietwoman,Idancealone,consideringitaformofhealthymovementandmovingmeditation.Tangoismyrecententhusiasm.It’scomplexanddifficult,soItakethreelessonsaweekandgoouttodancethreenightsaweek.ImevenplanningathreemonthtriptoBuenosAirestoimmersemyselfintangoculture.ThefirsttimeIwenttangodancing,Iwastoointimidatedtogetonthefloor.IrememberedasimilarexperienceatavillageweddingontheGreekislandofCrete,whereIstayedonthesidelinesbecausethefancyfootworkconfusedme.Momentslater,anolderwoman,readingmymind,satbesidemeandsaid,“Ifyoujointhedancing,youwillfeelfoolish.Ifyoudonot,youwillalsofeelfoolish.So,whynotdance?”SheaddedthatifIdidn’tdance,theywouldknowIwasafool,butifItried,theywouldthinkwellofme.Herwordsinspiredmetotakeupthechallengeoftango.Afriendviewedmypassionfortangoasanambitiouspursuit,saying,“Tango?Atyourage?Youmustbeoutofyourmind!”ButIseeitasadeeplyconsidereddecision.Mypassionfortangohidesmyfearofagingandboredom.Iseekthethrillofstartingsomethingnewthatchallengesmymind,body,andspirit.MygoalistodanceaslongasIcanandthenagecontentedly,knowingI’velivedfully.So,whenpeoplequestionmytangoatmyage,Isay,“No,Ihaven’tlostmymind.I’mjustliving.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intimidated”inparagraph3mean?A．Bored. B．Excited. C．Frightened. D．Surprised.5.Whydidtheolderwomantalkwiththeauthor?A．Tomakefunofher.B．Toencouragehertodance.C．Toteachherdancingskills.D．TodiscussGreekweddingdance.6.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Tangoletsherlivelifefully.B．Dancingmakesheryounger.C．Agingshouldbefacedactively.D．Newchallengesbringtruehappiness.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MyJourneytoBuenosAires.B．DancingBeyondAgeLimits.C．ChallengesofLearningTango.D．OvercomingFearThroughTango.CLastyear,theworldlostmoreforeststhaneverbefore,withfiresbeingthebiggestcause.Landclearingforfarmingandotherhumanactivitiesalsoplayedmajorroles.Theresultsareveryworryingfortheplanet,whichreliesonforeststohelpfightclimatechange.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofMarylandandtheWorldResourcesInstitute(WRI)reportedthattheworldlostabout25,870squaremilesofprimaryrainforestlastyear.That’salmostdoubletheamountthatwaslostin2023.Itwasn’tjustrainforestthatdisappearedmorerapidlylastyear.DuetostrongwildfireseasonsinCanadaandRussia,thetotaltreecoverlossincreasedby5%over2023.Inall,theworldlost115,830squaremilesofforestslastyear.That’sanarearoughlythesizeofItaly.WRIestimatesthattheworldislosingforestsatarateofabout18soccerfieldseveryminute.In2021,theleadersofmorethan120countriessignedanagreementtostopforestlossandincreaseforestareaby2030.Sadly,thatisnothappening.17ofthe20countrieswiththemostprimaryforestsarelosingmoreforestsnowthanwhentheysignedtheagreement.Brazil,withthemosttropical(热带的)rainforest,sufferedthegreatestloss,accountingfor42%oftheworld’sprimaryforestloss.Brazilhasbeensufferingfromitsworstdroughtever.Thesedryconditionsmeantthatfirescaused66%ofitsforestloss.Boliviasawa2.5timesincreaseinforestlossin2024comparedto2023,largelyduetouncontrolledfiresstartedforlandclearing.However,notallthenewsisbad.Indonesiareduceditsprimaryforestlossby11%,partlyduetogovernmenteffortstopreventfires.Malaysiaalsosawa13%dropinforestloss.Tomeetthegoalofendingforestlossby2030,theworldneedstoloweritsforestlossby20%everyyear.RodTaylor,whoworksforWRI,says,“It’stimeforgovernments,businessesandindividualstoactnow,orstoppingthelossofforestswillbemoredifficult.”8.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheviewpointinparagraph2?A．Byofferingexpertopinions.B．Byusingvividdescriptions.C．Bysharingpersonalexperiences.D．Byprovidingstatisticaldata.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Thesigningoftheagreement.B．Thegoaloftheagreement.C．Therateofforestgrowth.D．Thelandclearingforfarming.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutBrazilandBoliviafromthetext?A．Theyarefacingsevereenvironmentalchallenges.B．Theirforestlossismainlyduetohumanactivities.C．Theirforestlossiscausingbigeconomicproblems.D．Theyhavesuccessfullycontrolledtheirforestloss.11.WhatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningRodTaylor?A．Ultimategoaliswithinreach.B．Actionisneededwithoutdelay.C．Governmentsneedtodomore.D．Jointeffortscansolvetheproblem.DBrainsareusuallyconsideredabacteria-freezone.Butthat’snotthecaseforsomefish.Wildandlab-grownsalmonids(鲑科鱼)harboractivemicrobial(微生物的)communitiesintheirbrains.Mostofthebacteriafoundinbrainsoflab-rearedrainbowtrout(虹鳟)appeartohaveinitiallycomefromtheirbloodandguts.Thatsuggeststhatmicrobesfromotherpartsofthebodycancrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Thatlayerofcellsliesbetweenbraincellsandbloodvessels,lettingoxygenandnutrientsinandkeepingbacteriaout.Microbialinfectionofanimalbrainshasusuallybeenlinkedtodisease.Forinstance,brain-infiltratingmicrobesmaybelinkedwithAlzheimer’sdiseaseinpeople.Butbrainbacteriaaren’tnecessarilybadnewsforfish.“Thebacteriamightevenhelprainbowtroutpickuponmicrobialcuesintheenvironment,aidingthemigratoryfishinnavigation(航行)rivers,”saysIreneSalinas,animmunologiststudyingfish.Salinas’teamsearchedforbacteriainbrainsamplesfromrainbowtroutandgrew54typesofbacteriafromlab-rearedfish.Thatsuggeststhatfishbrainshaveamicrobialcommunity.Geneticanalysesalsorevealedsignsthatbacteriaadapttolivinginthebrainandcrosstheblood-brainbarrier.Whilebrainbacteriamightnotalwaysbeharmfultofish,thereareexceptions.Forexample,thebrainsofagingChinooksalmonnearingdeathtendtohavehigherlevelsofbacteriacomparedtothoseofyoungerfish.Theseagingbrainsalsoshowabuildupofamyloid-beta,aproteinlinkedtoAlzheimer’sdiseaseinhumans.Thissuggeststhat,similartogutmicrobes,brainbacteriacanpotentiallygooutofbalance,leadingtohealthproblems.Thenewfindingsopenupquestionsaboutwhetheronlyfishhavebacteriainthebrain.Otheranimalsmayhavebrainschock-fullofmicrobes,too.“Whenitcomestofish,there’slotsofdiversityofdifferentfishesontheplanet,”Salinassays.“Maybedeep-seafishorsharkshaveuniquebrainbacteriathathelpthemlivefarbelowthesurface.”12.Whatfunctiondoestheblood-brainbarrierplayinsalmonids?A．Toblockoxygen.B．Toproducebacteria.C．Toprovidenutrients.D．Tokeepthebrainhealthy.13.Inwhichwaycanthebrainbacteriahelprainbowtrout?A．Findingtheway.B．Boostinggrowth.C．Controllingdisease.D．Preventinginfection.14.WhatdoestheexampleoftheagingChinooksalmonimply?A．Agingfishhavefewbrainbacteria.B．Youngfishlackenoughbrainbacteria.C．Brainbacteriacancausehealthproblems.D．Brainbacteriaarealwaysbeneficialtofish.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Brainbacteriaofthesealifearethesame.B．Moreresearchonanimals’brainbacteriaisneeded.C．Manyanimals’brainsarefullofdifferentmicrobes.D．Salinaswillstudywhyfishcanlivefarbelowthesurface.E七选五Yourcomfortzoneisthatfamiliar,predictablespacewheretasksfeeleffortless—aprotectivebubble(泡沫)shieldingyoufromstressanduncertainty.___16___Therearesomewaystobreakoutofyourcomfortzonewithoutgoingtoofar.Doeverydaythingsdifferently.Takeadifferentroutetowork.___17___Whetherthechangeyoumakeisbigorsmall,makeachangeinthewayyoudothingsonaday-to-daybasis.Lookfortheperspectivethatcomesfromanychange,evenifit’snegative.Don’tbeputoffifthingsdon’tworkoutthewayyouplanned.Takeyourtimemakingdecisions.Sometimesslowingdownisallittakestomakeyouuncomfortable—especiallyifspeedandquickthinkingareprizedinyourworkorpersonallife.___18___Andtakeyourtimetointerpretwhatyousee.Sometimesjustdefendingyourrighttomakeaneducateddecisioncanpushyououtofyourcomfortzone.___19___Ittakesalotofcouragetobreakoutofyourcomfortzone.Yougetthesamebenefitswhetheryougoinwithbothfeetoryoudoifyoustartslow,sodon’tbeafraidtostartslow.Identifyyourfears,andthenfacethemstepbystep.Therearelotsofwaystostretchyourpersonalboundaries.Youcanlearnanewlanguageorskill,connectwithpeoplethatinspireyou,orvolunteerinanorganizationthatdoesgreatwork.Youcanalsotravelwhetheryougoaroundtheblockoracrosstheglobe.___20___A．Doitinsmallsteps.B．Tryanewoperatingsystem.C．Increasethedifficultycontinuously.D．Slowdown,andobservewhat’sgoingon.E．Leavingitmeansincreasedriskandanxiety.F．Buttruegrowthrequiressteppingbeyonditsedges.G．It’sperhapsthebestwaytobroadenyourperspectives.二、完形填空Inthebusymodernlife,it’seasytogetcaughtupinourownlittleworlds,racingfromonetasktoanother.Iusedtobeoneofthosepeople,mymindalways___21___withdeadlinesandresponsibilities.Onecoldwintermorning,Iwasrushingtocatchthebusforanimportantexam.AsI___22___downthestreet,Inoticedanelderlymanin___23___clothessittingonthesidewalk.Andhewasshakinginthecold.Awaveofsympathy___24___overme,butIwasinahurry.ItoldmyselfI’dcomebacklater.However,asIwaitedatthebusstop,Iwasfilledwith___25___.Ithoughtabouthowcoldand___26___hemustbe.Finally,Icouldn’t___27___itanylonger.I___28___theideaoftakingthebusandwalkedbacktowheretheoldmanwas.Iboughthimawarmcupofcoffeeandasandwichfromanearbycafé.WhenI___29___themtohim,hiseyeslitupwith___30___.Hethankedmerepeatedly,andinthatmoment,Ifelta___31___spreadthroughmethathadnothingtodowiththecoffee.Thissmallexperiencemademerealizethatourlivesare___32___inwaysweoftenoverlook.Asimple___33___canhaveaprofoundimpactonsomeoneelse’sday.Italso___34___methatthere’smoretolifethanjust___35___ourowngoals.21.A．familiarB．equippedC．occupiedD．content22.A．wanderedB．marchedC．walkedD．hurried23.A．fashionableB．raggedC．colorfulD．clean24.A．washedB．knockedC．flewD．turned25.A．appreciationB．fearC．guiltD．despair26.A．disappointedB．angryC．hungryD．sleepy27.A．rememberB．acceptC．resistD．bear28.A．abandonedB．raisedC．disagreedD．liked29.A．lentB．handedC．boughtD．showed30.A．confidenceB．curiosityC．gratitudeD．pressure31.A．kindnessB．warmthC．friendshipD．passion32.A．separatedB．complicatedC．differentD．interconnected33.A．diagramB．gestureC．solutionD．treatment34.A．convincedB．promisedC．confusedD．warned35.A．quittingB．avoidingC．settingD．achieving三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HuangXuhua,knownas“theFatherofChina’sNuclearSubmarine(潜艇)”,isanationalherowhodedicatedhislifeto___36___(advance)China’snavaldefense.Bornin1926,hegraduatedfromShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityandbeganresearchingsubmarinetechnologyin___37___1950s.In1958,Huang___38___(select)toleadChina’stop-secretnuclearsubmarineproject.Forover30years,heworkedinsecret,cuttingoffcontactwithhisfamily___39___(protect)nationalsecurity.Despitelimitedresourcesandforeign___40___(technology)blockades(封锁),HuangandhisteamsuccessfullylaunchedChina’sfirstnuclear-poweredsubmarine,LongMarch-1,in1970.ThisbreakthroughmarkedChina’sentry___41___theelitegroupofnationswithnuclearsubmarinecapabilities.Huang’sdedicationextendedbeyonddesign.In1988,attheageof62,he___42___(personal)joinedthesubmarine’sdeep-seatestdive,___43___demonstratedextraordinarycourage.Hiswork___44___(lay)thefoundationforChina’smodernnavalstrength.AwardedtheMedaloftheRepublicin2019,Huangsymbolizesselflessnessandloveforhiscountryandloyaltytowardit.Hisstoryinspiresyouthtopursuescientificexcellenceandservetheircountry.Huang’slegacyremindsusthattrue___45___(great)liesinquietperseveranceandsacrifice.四、应用文写作46.假定你是李华，上周五你校举办了一场以“ThePowerofDreams”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.比赛过程；2.活动反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、读后续写47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。EverySaturdayat10am,ourfamilywouldpushopentheglassdoorofMapleTreeDiner,greetedbythesmellofdeliciousfood.Themomentthebellabovethedoorrang,MrCarterbehindthecounterwouldcallout,“Windowtable’sreadyforTeamMiller!”Thatcornertablebythesunnywindowhadwitnessedcountlesspancakebreakfasts,homeworksessions,andmylittlebrotherNoah’sslowbutsteadyprogresswithhisspeechdisorder.Noah,noweight,hadalwaysbeenshyaroundstrangers.Butatthediner,somethingmagicalhappened.MaybeitwashowwaitressMariarememberedhisexactorder(chocolatechippancakescutintosquares)withoutbeingtold,orhowoldMrJenkinsatthenexttablewouldpretendnottonoticewhenNoahpracticedsaying“thankyou”tothesaltshakerfirstbeforetryingitonrealpeople.Overtwoyears,thoseweekendvisitshelpedNoah’sconfidencegrowlikethebigtreeshadingourfavoritetable.Lastweekend,ourroutinewasbroken.Aflattiremadeusanhourlate—alifelongtimeinNoah’sworld.Whenwefinallyarrived,Noahseemedtobeataloss,andhis“I’mtryingnottocry”facefullyactivated.ThedinerbuzzedwithitsusualSaturdaycrowd,buttoNoah,theunfamiliarfacesmightaswellhavebeenfromaforeigncountry.Hiseyeshurriedtowardourusualtable—occupiedbyafamilywithlaughingyoungchildren.Mariaspottedusfirstfromacrosstheroom.HerusualcheerfulgreetingcaughtinherthroatwhenshesawNoah’sexpression.Withouthesitation,sheabandonedthecoffeepotmid-pourandwovethroughthetablestowardus.Theregularsatthecountermovedtheirchairs,sensingsomethingspecialunfolding.Thatmorning,ourdelayedbreakfastbecameareminderthatsomeplacesdon’tjustservefood—theyhelpvoicesfindtheirwings.Butinthattensemomentwhenwefirstarrivedlate,allthatmatteredwastheupsetwrittenacrossNoah’sface.Hiswideeyesscannedthecrowdeddinerdesperately,searchingfortheonepersonwhoalwaysknewhowtomakethingsright.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MariaatthecounterimmediatelynoticedNoah’supset.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________JustasIwasabouttoapologizeforourlateness,Noahdidsomethin