2015年4月全国高等教育自学考试 英语国家概况试题

2015年4月高等教育自学考试《英语国家概况》试题

课程代码：00522

I.MULTIPLECHOICE

Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.Foreachunfinishedstatementor

question,foursuggestedanswersmarkedA.B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheonethatyouthinkbest

completesthestatementoranswersthequestion.Writetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthe

correspondingspaceontheANSWERSHEET.(50points,1pointeach)

1.TherearethreeDdivisionsontheislandofGreatBritain:England,

ScotlandandWales.

A.socialB.cultural

C.religiousD.political

2.CamongtheBritishmonarchs,wasregardedas"thefatheroftheBritishnavy".

A.HenryIIB.HenryVIII

C.AlfredtheGreatD.WilliamtheConqueror

3.TheCeltictribesarcNOTancestorsoftheC

A.IrishB.Welsh

C.EnglishD.HighlandScots

4.TheRomansremainedincontrolofBritainforabout_Dyears.

A.100B.200

C.300D.400

5.OneparticularfeatureofthefeudalsystemofEnglandwasthatalllandownerstookoathofallegiancefbr

thelandtheyheldD.

A.totheirimmediatelord,butnottotheking

B.totheking,butnottotheirimmediatelord

C.neithertotheirimmediatelordnortotheking

D.notonlytotheirinmediatelord,butalsototheking

6.TheMagnaCartahadaltogether63clauses,ofwhichthemostmportantoneswerethefollowingEXCEPT

thatC

A.notaxshouldbemadewithouttheapprovaloftheGrandCouncil

B.theChurchshouldpossessallitsrightslogclhcrwithfreedomofelections

C.Londonandothertownsshouldgiveuptheirancientrightsandprivileges

D.nofreemanshouldbearrested,imprisoned,ordeprivedofhispropertyexceptbythelawoftheland

7.ThenameoftheHundredYears'War(1337-1453)isgiventotheinlcrmiltenlwarbetweenA

A.FranceandEnglandB.SpainandEngland

C.GermanyandEnglandD.AmericaandEngland

8.ThePeasantUprisingof1381inBritainA

A.wasbrutallysuppiessed

B.wasagreatsuccessinEnglishhistory

C.hinderedthedevelopmentofcapitalism

D.hadlittlesignificanceinEnglishhistory

9.Atreated5questions-herreligion,hermarriage,herforeignpolicy,

hersuccessiontothethrone,andherfinance-aspersonalandprivate.

A.ElizabethIB.ElizabethIIC.MaryStuartD.MaryTudor

10.TheCIastedintermiitcnllylor30years.

A.CivilWarB.FirstWorldWar

C.WarsoftheRosesD.SecondWorldWar

11.BwasresponsiblefbrtheEnglishReformationinBritishhistow.

A.ElizabethIB.HenryVIII

C.AlfredtheGreatD.WilliamtheConqueror

12.ThemostfamousliteraryworkwrittenbyJohnMiltonin(helate17lhcenturywasA

A.ParadiseLostB.JuliusCaesarC.Dr.FaustusD.Pilgrim'sProgress

13.TheBillofRights(1689)wasfinallyacceptedbyDthusmarkingthebeginningof(heageof

constitutionalmonarchy.

A.James1B.James11C.Charles11D.WilliamandMary

14.Agriculturalchangesinthelaic18thcenturyBritainwerecausedby(hefollowingEXCEPTC

A.theEnclosureActs

B.RobertBakewell'sselectivebreeding

C.smallfarmscultivatedonthe"open-field"

D.newagriculturalmachineryinventedbyJethroTull

15.ThetwoeventswhichmostalannedtheBritishrulingclassesintheclosingdecadesofthe18thcentary

wereC

A.theEnlightenmentandFrenchRevolution

B.theIndustrialRevolutionandFrenchRevolution

C.theAmericanWarofIndependenceandFrenchRevolution

D.theHundredYears'WarandtheAmericanWarofIndependence

16.DuringtheFirstWorldWar.theAlliesincludedB

A.France.ItalyandTurkey

B.Britain,FranceandRussia

C.GermanyandAusiia-Hungary

D.Britain,GermanyandAustria-Hungary

17.AstheoldestBritishinstitution,theBhaslastedfbrmorethanL000

years.

A.CabinetB.MonarchyC.ParliamentD.PrivyCouncil

18.London'sMetropolitanPoliceForceisdirectlyunderthecontiolofC

A.LordChancellorB.MinistryofJustice

C.theHomeSecretaryD.theAttorneyGeneral

19.ADwhopracticeswith7.000patientsormoreinEnglandmayapplyfbrfundholdingstatus.

A.barristerB.professorC.magistrateD.generalpractitioner

20.Accordingtothetextbook,theBritishpublicreadsmoreCthanvirtuallyanyothercountryinthe

world.

A.novelsB.magazinesC.newspapersD.scientificessays

21.Accordingtothetextbonk,thefivemostpopulouscitiesintheUnitedStatesareD

A.NewYork,LosAngeles,Chicago.MiamiandDetroit

B.NewYork,Chicago,LosAngeles,PittsburghandPhiladelphia

C.NewYork.LosAngeles,Chicago,NewOrleansandPhiladelphia

D.NewYork,LosAngeles,Chicago,SanFranciscoandPhiladelphia

22.Blivedonthelandbyhunting,gathering,fishingandfanningevenbeforethediscover)'oftheNew

World.

A.ThePuritansB.TheIndiansC.ThePilgrimsD.Theblackslaves

23.TheresultoftheWarwithMexicowasthatD

A.TexaswasaddediotheUnion

B.theUnitedStatespaid10milliondollarstoMexico

C.MexicoagreedtogiveLouisianatotheUnitedStates

D.MexicowastbreedtoagreetogiveCaliforniaandNewMexicotothe

UnitedStates

24.TheAmericanCivilWurendedinCandcostAmerica618,000lives.

A.1861B.1863C.1865D.1873

25.AwasNOTamongthecontentsofPresidentRoosevelt'sNewDeal.

A.Cancellationoffederallaborlaws

B.Establishingsocia.securitysystems

C.Stimulatingtherecoveryofindustryandagriculture

D.Strengtheninggovernmentregulationandcontrolofbanking,creditandcurrencysystems

26.TheleadersoftheUnitedStates,theSovietUnionandBmetthreetimesduringtheSecondWorld

War.

A.FranceB.Britain

C.JapanD.Germany

27.Throughanexecutiveorderin1947AstartedtheviolationoftheBillofRightsandwidespread

persecutionofCommunistsandprogressive

people.

A.PresidentTrumanB.SenatorMcCarthy

C.GeneralMarshallD.GeorgeKennan

28.ThegreatimpactsofihcVietnamWaronAmericansocietyincludedthefollowingEXCEPTthatA

A.therewasgreatunitywithintherulingcircle

B.theimageoftheUnitedStateswasdiscredited

C.theUnitedStateswasweakenedbecauseofthelongwar

D.peopleweredividedintheirattitudestowardsAmericansociety

29.DwasthebeginningofAmericaninvolvementinVietnam.

A.Japanesesurrenderin1945

B.TheoutbreakofiheKoreanWar

C.TheFrenchinvasionofIndochina

D.Truman'sdecisiontosendmilitaryaidtoVietnamtosupporttheFrench

30.WhichstatementabouttheU.S.economyisNOTthe?D

A.Itisbothaneconomicandtechnologicalgiant.

D.TheU.S.isbyfarthebiggestindustrialcountryintheworld.

C.Itisfirstinsuchadvancedfieldsascomputers,space,nuclearenergyandelectronics.

D.ItproducesanKijcrportionoftheworld'sindustrialproductsanditsshareisgrowingrapidly.

31.IntheU.S.,Dproduceabout85%ofthetotaloutputofgoodsand

services.

A.state-runenterprises

B.governmententerprises

C.peopleinindependentprofessionalpractice

D.theprivatelyownedandoperatedbusinesses

32.U.S.GovenimentinvolvementintheeconomyincreaseddrarriaticallyduringtheA

A.GreatDepressionB.periodofprosperity

C.SecondWorldWarD.ProgressiveMovement

33.WhichsialemeniabouttheU.S.ConstitutionisNOTthe?C

A.TheConstitutionisthesupremelawoftheland.

B.TheAmericanConstitutionistheoldestwrittenconstitutionintheworld.

C.TheConstitutionwasdrawnupin1787andwentintoeffectinthesameyear.

D.TheConstitutionhasprovidedthebasisfbritspoliticalstability,economicgrowthandsocial

progress.

34.Inordertomakesureihalthenewgovernmentwouldnotmisuseitspowers,thewritersofthe

ConstitutionsetupasystemofCintheformofseparationofpowers.

A.winner-take-allB.mutualsupervision

C.checksandbalancesD.voluntarysupervision

35.Generally,thenumberofpresidentialelectorsintheU.S.isAthenumberofSenatorsand

RepresentativeseachstatehasinCongress.

A.equaltoB.lessthan

C.morethanD.10%morethan

36.ThereisacertaindegreeofsimilarityintheU.S.elementaryschoolcurriculum,whichmainlyconsistsof

masteryofihc"basics",suchasA

A.reading,writingandarithmeticB.science,visualartsandgrammar

C.science,historyandmusicD.reading,writingardmusic

37.Intheearly1900s,(hekindof(wo-yearcollegesthatemergedtomeettheimmediateneedofthe

economicexpansionandrapidriseinimmigrantsofthetimeswastheB

A.liberalartscollegeB.communitycollege

C.researchuniversityD.doctoraluniversity

38.Bisahistorical,nationalandreligiousholidaythatbeganwiththePilgrims.

A.ChristmasDayB.ThanksgivingDay

C.NewYear'sDayD.Valentine'sDay

39.DisregardedasMarkTwain'smasterwork.

A.TheGildedAge

D.LifeontheMississippi

C.TheAdventuresofTomSawyer

D.TheAdventureso:HuckleberryFinn

40.Awasthespokesmanforthe"LostGeneration".

A.ErnestHemingwayB.T.S.Eliot

C.TheodoreDreiserD.RichardWright

41.MontrealbecameamajorportinCanadabecauseilisD

A.nexttoOttawa

B.nexttothecityotQuebec

C.intheprovinceofQuebec

D.onanislandintheSt.LawrenceRiver

42.Accordingtothetextbojk.CanadaisaCcountrywithapopulationof26,300.000.

A.large/largeB.small/largeC.large/smallD.small/small

43.In1885.theCanadianPacificRailwaywascompletedandthecountrywaslinkedB

A.fromnorthtosouthB.fromcoasttocoast

C.withtheUnitedStatesD.withSouthAmerica

44.Thereis/areBofficiallanguage(s)inIreland.

A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four

45.In1948.IrelandvoteditselfBtheCommonwealthandonApril18.1949declareditselfarepublic.

A.intoB.outofC.apariofD.amemberof

46.Australia'sEasternHighlandsarebetterknownasC

A.theDividingRangeB.theGreatBarrier

C.theGreatDividingRangeD.theGreatBarrierRange

47.In1996.Australia'spopulationisabout18millionoraboutApeopletothesquarekilometer.

A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five

48.InrecentyearsAustraliangovernmentshaveencouragedpeoplewithdifferentethnicbackgroundstoB

andthispolicyiscalledmulticulturalism.

A.changetheircultures

B.keeptheirowncultures

C.learnfromothercultures

D.giveuptheirowncultures

49.ThereareDalloverNewZealand.

A.bogsB.desertsC.wetlandsD.mountains

50,WaitangiDayisNewZealand'sB

A.LaborDayB.NationalDay

C.NewYear'sDayD.IndependenceDay

II.SHORTANSWERQLEST1ONS

Giveaone-sentenceanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.Writeyouranswerinthecorresponding

spaceontheANSWERSHEET.(30points,3pointseach)

51.InwhichyeardidtheEnglishnavydefeattheArmada(theSpanishfleet),establishingEngland's

superiorityasanavalpower?

答：TheEnglishnavydefeatedtheSpanishAnnadain1588.

52.WhatwerethetwoconflictingsidesduringtheEnglishCivilWarinthe17,hcentury?

答：ITietwoconHidingsidesduringtheEnglishCivilWarwereIhcKing/MonarchandtheParliament.

53.WhenwasPrincessElizabethcrownedQueenElizabethIIinWestminsterAbbey?

答：Shewascrownedin1952whenGeorgeVIdied.

54.WhatinstitutionintheU.K.isthelargestsingleemployeroflabor?

答:NHS(theNationalHealthService)isthelargestsingleemployeroflaborintheU.K.

55.WhataccountsforamajorsourceofpopulationgrowthintheUnitedStates?

答：ImmigrationaccountsforamajorsourceofpopulationgrowthintheUnitedStates.

56.WhatincidentmadetheUnitedStatesformallydeclarewaragainsttheAxispowersinWorldWar11?

答：ItwasihcbombingofPearlHarborin1941.

57.WhatistheU.S.President'sofficialresidence?

答：TheWhiteHouseis(heU.S.President'sofficialresidence.

58.WhatarethethreeprincipalfunctionsofthesystemofhighereducationintheUnitedStates?

答：Theyareteaching,researchandpublicservice.

59.Whatdoesthekiwi(anocturnalbird)meantotheNewZealarders?

答：ThekiwiisanationalsymbolfortheNewZealanders.

60.AccordingtoAustraliarAboriginalculture,whatisihcrelationshipbetweenthepeopleandthe

environment?

答：Itisthebalance/harmcnybetweenthepeopleandtheenvironment.III.TERMEXPLANATION

ExplaineachofthefollowingtermsinEnglish.Writeyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceonthe

ANSWERSHEETin