天津市和平区2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷

天津市和平区2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷提示：本试卷包括第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分。考试时间100分钟。（请把答案写在答题纸上），祝同学们考试顺利！第一卷选择题（共75分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthemanarriveattheparty?A.At7:30.BAt8:00.C.At8:30.2.Howdoesthemanhelpthewoman?A.Byfillingouttheformforher.B.Bytellingherhispersonalinformation.C.Byreadingtheinformationontheform.3.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Payfortheshoes.B.Gototheshoeshop.C.Borrowmoneyfromtheman.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.BDoctorandpatient.C.Classmates.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whattheman’shobbyis.B.Whetherthemanlearneddrawing.C.Whenthemanwenttohighschool.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Discussingtheirschedule.B.Packingforajourney.C.Decidingonapresent.7.WhatdoesJacqueslikedoing?A.Swimming.B.Playingbasketball.C.Readingbooksonmodernart.8.Whatwillthespeakersmostprobablydonext?A.Findabasketball.B.Leavehome.C.Callataxi.听下面一段对话，回答第9至11小题。9.Whendidtheman’sbosscallJeff?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.10.Whydidn’tJeffcometotheofficeonTuesday?A.Hewassick.B.Hewasofftheday.C.Hewasworkingsomewhereelse.11.HowdidJeffexplainthereasonofhisabsence?A.Bytelephone.B.Byletter.C.Bye-mail.听下面一段材料，回答第12至第15小题。12.Whydidthespeakergoonthetour?A.Itwastheprizeofacompetition.B.Johnaskedhertogowithhim.C.Itwashertravelplan.13.Whatdidthespeakerdislikeaboutthehotel?A.Thedrinks.B.Thefood.C.Thewaiters.14.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofthetriptothemuseum?A.Disappointing.B.Amazing.C.Terrible.15.Whostayedinthehotelinthesecondweek?A.John.B.Lucy.C.JohnandLucy.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Wefeel______ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.A.itB.thisC.thatD.one答案是A。1.Paper-cutting,afolkartpopularacrossChina,______theheartsofartloversworldwideeversinceancienttimes.A.won B.wins C.haswon D.hadwon2.Agreatnumberofancientcraftworks,asexpertshavepointedout,________carefullyinthelocalmuseumallyearround.A.protect B.areprotected C.protected D.wereprotected3.Themasterpainterhascreateddozensoflandscapepaintings,someof________reflectthebeautyofChinesemountainsandriversperfectly.A.them B.which C.what D.whom4.________thelonghistoryandrichculturebehindcalligraphy,moreandmoreteenagersdecidetolearnitintheirsparetime.A.Realizing B.Realized C.Torealize D.Havingbeenrealized5.________propertrainingintraditionaloperaforyears,theyoungperformergaveanimpressiveshowonthestage.A.Receiving B.Received C.Havingreceived D.Toreceive6.—I’dliketoknowifyou’resatisfiedwithmywork.HowamIdoing?—________.Ibelieveyouwillbegettingpromotion.A.Nevermind B.HelpyourselfC.Forgetit D.Keepitup7.—ThisistheworstfoodI’veevertasted.—______.Iwon’teathereanymore.A.Youcansaythatagain B.It’suptoyouC.It’soutofthequestion D.Thatdepends8.Ittakespatienceandwisdomto________thedeepculturalmeaninghiddeninancientpoemstomodernreaders.A.getthrough B.getacross C.getaway D.getabout9.Manyyoungbloggers________oldfolktalesandshootshortvideostocarryforwardtraditionalcultureonline.A.makeup B.pickup C.takeup D.turnup10.You________pushyourselftopractiseshadowpuppetrydayandnight.Youhavemasteredthebasicskillsalready.A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t11.MostpeopleprefersweetricedumplingsforDragonBoatFestival,________asmallnumberoflocalssticktosaltyones.A.because B.while C.unless D.since12.Thecloisonné(景泰蓝)worksonshowfeaturebrightcoloursand________patterns,winninghighpraisefromvisitors.A.shallow B.distant C.elegant D.raw13.PoweredbyadvancedAI,robotscan________tellpeople’smoodsfromtheirfacialexpressionsnow.A.exactly B.gradually C.mostly D.partly14.Believeitornot,itiscompletely________mehowancientpeoplebuilttheGreatWallwithoutmodernmachinery.A.across B.beside C.without D.beyond15.Studyingtraditionalculturecanbringpeoplealasting________,ratherthanjusttemporaryjoy.A.relief B.disappointment C.regret D.satisfaction第二节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Inthesummerofmynineteenthyear,IboardedatrainfromXiningtoLhasa,ajourneyofovertwentyhoursacrosstheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Ihadreadabouttherailway’sengineeringmarvels—thebridges,thetunnels,thewaythetracksseemedtofloatabovethefrozenearth.Butnoneofthat____16____meforwhatIactuallysaw.Thetrainleftintheevening.Bymidnight,mostpassengershadfallenasleep.Istayedawake,myface____17____againstthecoldwindow,watchingthemoonlightonthesnow-coveredmountains.ThelandscapewasunlikeanythingIhad____18____before:vast,silent,andutterlyindifferenttohumanpresence.Ifeltsmall,butinawaythatwasstrangely____19____.Arounddawn,afellowpassenger,anelderlyTibetanwoman,____20____meacupofbutterteafromherthermos.Ididn’tspeakherlanguage,andshedidn’tspeakmine.Wecommunicatedthrough____21____—smiles,nods,thesimpleactofsharingwarmth.Shepointedattherisingsunasit____22____thepeaksonebyone,andIunderstood.Somethingsneednotranslation.Thetrainclimbedhigher.AtTanggulaPass,over5,000metersabovesealevel,achildsittingbehindmebegantocry,____23____bythethinair.Hismotherheldhimclose,andthewomannexttoher—astrangeruntilthatmoment—____24____herownoxygentube.Itwasasmallgesture,butonthattrain,inthatthinair,itfelt_____25_____.WhatIremembermostaboutthatjourneyisnotthemountainsorthealtitude.Itisthe_____26_____betweenstrangersthatarosenaturally,withouteffort.Thetrainwasnotjustavehicle;itwasashared_____27_____thatbroughtpeopletogetherinwaysthatdailyliferarelydoes.Intheyearssince,wheneverIfeeldisconnectedfromtheworld,Ithinkbacktothattrainandthe_____28_____thatexistedamongpeoplewhohadnothingincommonbutthejourneyitself.WearrivedinLhasaatdusk.AsIsteppedontotheplatform,theelderlyTibetanwoman_____29_____andputsomethingintomyhand:asmallprayerflag.Istillhaveit.Itremindsmethatthemost_____30_____momentsinlifeareoftentheonesweneverplanned.16.A.prepared B.thanked C.rewarded D.excused17.A.supported B.pressed C.turned D.bent18.A.experienced B.judged C.attempted D.accepted19.A.lonely B.comforting C.alarming D.confusing20.A.made B.poured C.offered D.returned21.A.signs B.signals C.gestures D.sounds22.A.covered B.hid C.removed D.lit23.A.frightened B.affected C.surprised D.attracted24.A.handedover B.putaway C.pickedup D.pointedat25.A.costly B.enormous C.simple D.ordinary26.A.conversation B.tension C.competition D.kindness27.A.task B.goal C.lesson D.bond28.A.hardship B.difference C.connection D.agreement29.A.walkedaway B.gaveup C.drewnear D.heldon30.A.thrilling B.casual C.difficult D.meaningful第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AResearchProposalSubmissionGuideAllstudent-ledresearchprojectsneedformaldepartmentapprovalbeforedatacollectioncanbegin.Thisguideexplainstheprocedureandrulesforsubmittingyourproposal.SubmissionWindowProposalsareonlyacceptedduringthefallandspringcycles.ThefallcyclerunsfromSeptember1sttoOctober15th,andthespringcyclefromFebruary1sttoMarch15th.Ifyourdocumentsarriveoutsidethesewindows,thesystemwillautomaticallyrejectthemandtheycannotbeopened.Therearenoexceptions.WhataProposalMustContainAcompletepackagemustincludethreeseparateparts,eachofwhichthereviewcommitteewillassessindependently.First,aprojectstatementthatexplainsyourresearchbasedonareviewofexistingstudiesanddescribesyourmethod.Second,atimelinewithclear,measurablemilestonesfortheprojectperiod.Third,acostbreakdownshowingthatallexpectedexpensesarenecessaryandreasonable.Packagesthatareincompleteorinthewrongorderwillbereturnedwithoutbeingevaluated.FileNamingRulesEveryfileyouuploadmustfollowthisnamingpattern:Surname_Initials_Component.pdf—forexample,Chen_X_ProjectStatement.pdf.Afilewithatitlethatdoesnotmatchthispatternorcannotberecognizedwillbetreatedasmissing.Itisyourresponsibilitytodouble-checkthisbeforeyoufinalizeyoursubmission.ReviewStandardsThecommitteeusesastandardscoringframework.Thefourweightedfactorsare:academicvalue(40%),soundnessofdesign(30%),achievability(20%),andbudgetreasonableness(10%).Thedesignscoremainlyreflectswhetheryourresearchdesignislogicallyconsistent.Proposalsthatrestonunverifiableassumptionsorlackaclearlydefined,measurableoutcomewillbescoredpoorly.AftertheReviewWithinfourweeksofacycleclosing,thecommitteegivesoneofthreedecisions:approved,revisable,ordeclined.A“revisable”decisionistime-sensitive—youhaveexactly14calendardaystouploadarevisedversionthataddressesallthecommittee’sconcerns.31.WhathappenstoaproposalhandedinonOctober20th?A.Itwillbeheldforthenextcycle.B.Itwillfailtoclearthesystem’scheck.C.Itwillbereviewedwithalowerpriority.D.Itwillbegivenamanualextension.32.Whichofthefollowingaspectscarriestheleastweightindecidingaproposal’sfate?A.Whetherthemoneyaskedformakessense.B.Whetherthegoalscanbeclearlymeasured.C.Whethertheresearchdesignholdstogetherlogically.D.Whethertheprojectisofhighacademicworth.33.Whatmustastudentdouponreceivinga“revisable”decision?A.Moveforwardwithdatacollectionwhilefixingtheproposal.B.Reachouttocommitteemembersforindividualguidance.C.Beattheclockandgettherevisedversionbackintwoweeks.D.Challengethecommittee’sconcernsthroughaformalchannel.BMymother,Elara,wasawomanoffewwordsbutdeepactions.SheworkedinthemaproomoftheNationalArchives,aquietplacefilledwiththesmellofoldpaperandink.Growingup,Ithoughtmapswerefixedfacts:ariveralwaysblue,amountainforeverbrown.Inmyteenageworld,everythingwasdigitalandinstant—aphonevoicetoldmewheretoturninseconds.Mymother’sskillofdrawingbyhandseemedbeautifulbutawasteoftime,afightagainsttheefficiencyIvaluedaboveall.Thegapbetweenusgrewduringthoseyears.Isawherbentshouldersoverapieceofspecialdrawingpapernotasloveforherwork,butassimplygivingintothepast.Idreamedofbuildingthedigitalplatformsthatwouldmakeherskillscompletelyunnecessary.Ibelievedprogressmeantthrowingawaytheold,andinmyteenagepride,Iletherknowit.Myviewbegantochangenotthroughasuddenmomentofunderstanding,butthroughsmallbreakdowns.Once,asoftwareupdatemistakenlymovedasimpleaddressthreestatesawayonmyscreen.Anothertime,asatellitesystemplacedme,withtotalcertainty,onthewrongsideofariver.Istartedtonoticewhatmymother’smapskeptthatmycomputerprogramsdidnot:thefeelofalandscape,thelocalnamesofforgottenpaths,thesmallsignsonthegroundthatguideawalkerwhenthebatterydies.Hermapsdidn’tjustshowlocations;theytoldstories.Oneevening,Iaskedtoseeherlatestproject.Itwasaspecialmapofthevalleywhereshegrewup,madeforahundred-yearcelebration.Asherink-stainedfingertracedthelineofastream,shesaid,“Thisiswherewecaughtlittlefish.Andhere,thisslightdip,iswherethewildstrawberriesgrewsweetest.”Themapcamealivewithhermemories,arichlydetailedrecordofalifethatnoflyingcameracouldcapture.Irealizedherworkwasnotaboutrefusingthefuture;itwasaboutofferinganecessarydifferentchoice—arecordnotjustofspace,butoflivedexperienceandfeeling.ThelifelessprecisionIvaluedcouldnevermatchherart,whichwasageographyofbelonging.34.Thephrase“givingintothepast”(Paragraph2)suggeststheauthorthoughthermother________.A.studiedoldwaysofmakingmapscarefullyB.keptrareobjectsthatshelovedfirmlyC.stucktothingsthatwerenolongerusefulD.consideredlearningnewskillsawasteoftime35.Whatbroughtaboutthechangeintheauthor’sopinion?A.Theimpactofasoftwareupgradegoingwrong.B.Theuncertaintyofhuman-machinecommunication.C.Unnecessarysuddenchangestotheoperatingplatform.D.Theunexpectedfailuresofherowntrusteddigitaltechnology.36.Whydoesthewritertalkabout“thesmallsignsontheground”(Paragraph3)?A.Toshowthemapsincludepracticaldetailsunseenbyflyingcameras.B.Toprovethemapsarebasedonofficialsurveydatafromgovernmentrecords.C.Toexplainthemapsmainlyfocusonfamousscenicspots.D.Totellreadersthemapsaredesignedforprofessionalhikersandexplorers.37.Whatkeyviewpointdoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthepassage?A.Digitalmappingtoolswon’teventuallyreplacealltraditionalskills.B.Thetrueworthofacraftmaylienotinitsefficiencybutinitshumantouch.C.Professionalsuccessrequiresabandoningnewmethodsforoldones.D.Peoplepreferthepersonalexperiencesofcartographerstomapsymbols.CInthelate1960s,behavioralresearcherJohnB.Calhouncarriedoutaseriesofexperimentsthatledtooneofthemostdisturbingandsurprisingfindingsinbehavioralscience.Hebuilt“Universe25”,acarefullyprepared“mouseperfect-world”—a2.7-meter-squareenclosedspacecapableofsupportingover3,000mice,withendlessfood,water,andnestingmaterials,keptperfectlycleanandfreeofdisease.Fourpairsofhealthymicewereplacedinside.Theearlystagewasmarkedbyexplodingpopulationgrowth.Butanunavoidablecollapse,nowcalled“behavioralsinking,”revealedadeepweaknessthatCalhounarguedwasrootedintheverynatureofsociallivingitself.Thedownwardslidewasnotsetoffbyalackofresources.Instead,itwasacrisisofmeaning.Theperfectenvironmenthadremovedthesurvivalchallengesthathadlongshapedmousebehavior.Inthewild,micemustsearchforfood,avoidhunters,andestablishterritories—activitiesthatcreatealayeredsocialstructureanddistributebehavioralroles.InUniverse25,everyneedwasmetwithinaperfectlyfunctioningsystem,whichbrokedownthephysicalandsocialdistancesthatdefineahealthycommunity.Theabsenceofnecessityencouragedextremecrowdingatcertainfeedingspots,evenwhenidentical,emptyonesstoodnearby.Calhounobservedthatsocialinteractionbecameasourceofharm.Normalmatingandmotheringbehaviorsbrokedown.Malemicebecamewithdrawnanddepressed,orsickeninglyaggressive,startingfightswithoutpurpose.Asmallergrouphenamed“thebeautifulones”appeared—clean,perfect-lookingmicethatspenttheirentirelivesgrooming,eating,andsleepinginseparatedcorners,completelycutofffromallgroupmeeting,includingreproducing.Theseindividualshadanoutwardappearanceofphysicalperfection,buthadbecomeutterlyemptyofpurposeandsocialrole.Thephysicalbreakdowncamenotfromdisease,butfromapsychologicalandsocialcollapse.Femalemicestoppedbuildingnestsandcarryingtheirbabiestofullterm.Theyoungthatwerebornwereincreasinglyneglectedandshowedseriousdevelopmentalproblems.Eventually,thepopulationsettledataleveltoolowtosustainitself,dominatedbythesociallydetached,andthendiedoutentirely.WhileCalhoun’sdirectconclusionsabouthumansarerightlyquestioned,Universe25livesonasastory-liketouchstone.Ithintsthatasociety’sabilitytosurvivedependslessonmaterialplentythanontheprotectionofpurpose,diversesocialroles,andtheneedformeaningful,challengingengagementwiththeenvironment.38.Thephrase“behavioralsinking”(Paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto________.A.asuddenexplosioninpopulationnumbersB.adisease-drivendropinphysicalhealthC.aviolentfightoverlimitedfeedingresourcesD.asocialfallingapartcausedbythelackofmeaningfulchallenges39.Howdid“thebeautifulones”behavewithinthecommunity?A.Theyturnedextremelyaggressiveandguardedtheirownspace.B.Theycontinuedallnormalmatingandchild-raisingactivities.C.Theytriedtotakechargeandrestorethegroup’sorder.D.Theyisolatedthemselvesandavoidedanyformofsocialcontact.40.Whatdirectlycausedthephysicalcollapseofthemousesociety?A.Adeadlyvirusthatspreadthroughthecrowdedpopulation.B.Thefailureofparentingandreproductivebehaviors.C.Ageneticchangethataffectedthemice’sabilitytosurvive.D.Thegraduallossofcommunicatingandphysicalfightingskills.41.Whatfunctiondoesthelastparagraphserveinthetext?A.Itpointsoutthesymboliclessontheexperimentoffersforsocieties.B.ItquestionsthescientificaccuracyofCalhoun’sexperimentalmethods.C.Itprovidesadirectwarningaboutthedangersofhumanovercrowding.D.Itdetailsthestep-by-stepprocessofthemousecommunity’scollapse.DWeadmirecertainty.Leaderswhospeakwithconfidence,expertswhoofferclearanswers,friendswhoseemsureoftheirpath—thesearethepeoplewetendtotrustandfollow.Uncertainty,bycontrast,issomethingmostofustrytohide.Wefearthatadmitting“Idon’tknow”willmakeuslookweakorunprepared.Butagrowingnumberofthinkersarguethatouruneasinesswithuncertaintymaybeholdingusback—andthatlearningtoacceptnotknowingisanunderappreciatedskill.Researchindecision-makingshowsthatpeoplewhoareateasewithuncertaintytendtoarriveatbetterchoicesincomplexsituations.Thereasonisthattheyaremorewillingtogatherinformationbeforereachingaconclusion,ratherthanrushingtoananswersimplytoescapethediscomfortofdoubt.Inaseriesofstudies,participantswhoscoredhigheronmeasuresof“beingokaywithunclearsituations”werefoundtotakemoretimewithdifficultproblemsandtoproducemorecreativesolutions.Theywerealsolesslikelytofallintocommondecisiontraps,suchasstickingwithafailingplansimplybecausetheyhadalreadyinvestedtimeinit.Uncertaintyalsoplaysakeypartinscientificthinking.Thescientificmethodisbuiltontherecognitionthatcurrentknowledgeisalwaysopentochange.Agoodscientistdoesnotclaimtohavefinalanswersbutinsteadholdstheorieslightly,readytoupdatethemwhennewevidenceappears.Thisintellectualhumility—thewillingnesstosay“Imightbewrong”—isnotaweaknessinscience;itistheengineofprogress.Ineverydaylife,however,admittinguncertaintycanbedifficult.Socialmediarewardsquick,confidentopinions,andthereisoftenlittleroomforthekindofcareful,doubtfulthinkingthatleadstodeeperunderstanding.Thiscreatesacultureinwhichappearingcertainmattersmorethanbeingaccurate.Theresultisthatpeopleoftendigintofixedpositionsratherthanexplorequestions.Learningtositwithuncertaintyisnotthesameasbeingunabletodecide.Itistheabilitytoholdoffonjudgmentuntilenoughevidenceisgathered.Itisthewillingnesstolivewithquestionsthatdon’tyethaveanswers.Inacomplexworld,thismaybeexactlywhatweneedmoreof—notfewerconfidentanswers,butmorethoughtfulquestions.42.Whatadvantagedopeoplewhoacceptuncertaintyhave,accordingtotheresearch?A.Theymakedecisionsinamuchfasterway.B.Theyaremorelikelytofollowthoseincharge.C.Theyfocusbetterandreachfullyconsidereddecisions.D.Theyfeellesspressureinallaspectsofdailylife.43.Whyisuncertaintyvaluableinscientificthinking?A.Itmakesroomforideastobequestionedandimproved.B.Itallowsscientiststostickwiththeoriesalreadyproventobetrue.C.Itsuggestsscientificworkcanseldomproducetrustworthyresults.D.Itencouragesscientiststoholdontotheexplanationstheyknowbest.44.Whatconcerndoestheauthorraiseaboutsocialmediaculture?A.Itencouragesuserstoformmorethoughtfulquestions.B.Itputsappearingsurebeforefactualcorrectness.C.Itleavestoomuchspacefordoubtandopendiscussion.D.Itmakesiteasierforrealexpertstospreadtheirknowledge.45.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThePowerofAdmittingIDon’tKnowB.TheHiddenCostsofSoundingCertainC.WhyUncertaintyIstheKeytoSuccessD.WhyScientistsValueDoubtMoreThanProof第二卷非选择题（共25分）注意事项：1．请用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卷上。2．本卷共6小题，满分25分。第四部分写作（共两节，满分25分）第一节阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Lastwinter,Istoppedbyalocalconveniencestoretobuyabottleofhotdrinkafterfinishingmyeveningpart-timejob.Thewindblewsharplyoutside,andmyhandswerealreadynumbwithcold.WhenIgottothecheckoutcounter,Ifoundanelderlymanstandingaheadofme.Heworeanoldworncoatandlookedalittlenervous.Themanpulledoutafewloosecoinsandcountedthemagainandagain.Itwasclearthathedidnothaveenoughmoneytopayforasmallboxofcookiesandacupofhottea.Hehesitatedforamoment,thenslowlyputthecookiesbackontheshelf,keepingonlythecheaphottea.Afaintlookofdisappointmentcrossedhisface.Seeingthis,Imadeaquickdecision.IwalkedforwardgentlyandtoldthecashierthatIwouldpayforbothhisteaandtheboxofcookies.Theelderlymanlookedupatmeinsurpriseandkeptsayingthanks.Ijustsmiledandtoldhimnottoworryaboutit.BeforeIleftthestore,heaskedformyname,butIrefusedandwavedgoodbye.Aweeklater,Iwenttothesamestoreagain.Tomysurprise,thecashiertoldmethattheoldmanhadcomeeverydaysincethatcoldevening.Hedidnotcometospendmoney.Instead,hejustchattedwiththestaff,helpedtidyupgoodsonshelves,andheldthedooropenforothercustomers.Hewantedtopassonthew