2026年广东省深圳市龙华区高考英语模拟试卷

第1页（共1页）2026年广东省深圳市龙华区高考英语模拟试卷第二部分阅读(共两节，满分37.5分)第一节(共4小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（7.5分）DearCitizens，Plasticsareproducedfromnaturalmaterialslikeoilandplantminerals，yettheresultingmaterialisentirelyunnatural.Thisnon﹣biodegradablesubstancehasspreadtoeverycorneroftheglobe—fromthedeepseatotheAntarctic，andevenintoourbodies.Everypieceofplasticevermadesurvivesinsomeform，withmosteventuallybreakingdownintomicroplastics：fragments（碎片）smallerthan5millimeters，invisibletotheunaidedeye.Scientistsestimatethattheupperoceansalonecontain24.4trillionsmallmicroplasticpieces.Microplasticsaredividedintoprimaryandsecondary.Primarymicroplasticsareintentionallyproducedintinyform，whilesecondarymicroplasticsresultfromtheenvironmentalbreakdownoflargerplasticitems.Themaintypesinclude：Typesofmicroplastics1FibersThesethin，thread﹣like（丝状的）plasticscomefromclothingandcigaretteends.Oneofthemainwaysthesefibersenterlakesisthroughwashingmachines.2MicrobeadsThesetinyplasticballsareoftenaddedtopersonalcareproductsbutaredifficulttoremovefromwastewaterduetotheirsmallsize.3FragmentsWhenalargerpieceofplasticbreaksdownduetosunlightandweathering，itbecomessmallermicroplasticfragments.4Nurdles（小球）Smallplasticpiecesproducedtomakelargerproductsescapeintolakesandoceansduringtransportation5FoamUsedaspackingprotectionindeliveryboxes，thissoftproductcanbebrokendowneasilyintomicroplastics.Howlongdocommonplasticitemstaketobreakdown？PlasticbagsCigaretteendsCoffeecupsBotesToothbrushesFishinglinesCanholdersStraws20years5years30years450years500years600years400years200yearsWethereforeurgeeveryoneto：1.Reducetheuseofsingle﹣useplastics.2.Chooseclothingmadefromnaturalfibers.3.Participateinplasticwastesortingandrecycling.4.Selectpersonalcareproductswithoutmicrobeads.Protectingourplanetbeginswithconsciousdailychoices.GreenLivingAdvocacyCommitteeFebruary14，20261.Whatisthemainpurposeofthisinitiative？A.Toexplainhowmicroplasticsaregrouped.B.Topromoteeffortstoreducemicroplastics.C.Toanalyzehowmicroplasticsdegradeinnature.D.Toidentifymajorsourcesofmicroplastics.2.Whichofthefollowingareprimarymicroplastics？A.1，2and4.B.2and4.C.1，3and5.D.1and3.3.Whichplasticitemtakesthelongesttimetobreakdown？A.Plasticbags.B.Bottles.C.Toothbrushes.D.Fishinglines.（10分）ZhangHongjunoncespenthisdaysonnoisyconstructionsitesinShanghai，farfromhisruralhometowninFujianprovince.Foroveradecade，hislifefollowedacommonpath：longhoursoflabor，lowpay，andthelonelinessofbeingamigrantworkerinavastcity.Hedreamedofachangebutsawfewopportunitiesbackhome.Avisitbecameaturningpoint.Stuckinhisvillage，Zhangnoticedsomethingnew.Theroadswerepaved，internetsignalswerestrong，andthelocalgovernmentwasofferingsupporttothosewillingtostartbusinesses.Thebeautifulmountainsandfreshair，oncetakenforgranted，nowseemedfullofpotential.Anideabegantoform：whatifhecouldbuildafuturehere，notjustmakealivingthere？Usinghissavingsandasmallgovernmentgrant，Zhangtookadaringstep.Hetransformedhisfamily'sold，emptyhouseintoamoderncafé，aplacewherecityvisitorscouldenjoycoffeewhileviewingtheterracedfields.Atfirst，neighborswerepuzzled."Whowillcometothemountainsforcoffee？"theyasked.Zhangpersisted，learningaboutcoffeebeansanddesignonline.Today，"MountainCloudCafé"ismorethanacoffeeshop.It'sawindowforhisvillage.Touristscomeonweekends，andthroughhiscafé，theydiscoverandbuylocalspecialtieslikemountainteaanddriedfruits.Zhanghashiredtwolocalwomen，providingthemwithstableincome.Moreimportantly，hissuccesshassparkedaconversation.Afewotheryoungpeople，whooncethoughtleavingwastheonlyoption，arenowasking，"CouldIcomebacktoo？""Mydreamisn'thuge，"Zhangsays，lookingatthelivelysceneoutside."Ijustwantourhometothrive，sothatourchildrenmighthaveachoicetostay."HisjourneyfromconstructionsitetocaféownerpaintsapictureofmodernruralChina—onewherereturningwingsbringnewlife.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZhang'searlylifeasamigrantworker？A.Relaxedandsecure.B.Disconnectedbutsatisfied.C.Lonelyandunfulfilled.D.Stressfulbutmeaningful.5.WhydidZhangreturnandstarthisCafébusiness？A.HefailedinhisjobinShanghai.B.Hewasinpoorconditioninthecity.C.Hewasinvitedbythelocalgovernment.D.Hefoundnewchangesandsupportinhisvillage.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutMountainCloudCafé？A.Ithashelpeddevelopthevillage.B.Itfeaturesprovidingmoderncoffee.C.Itmainlysellscoffeetoyoungvillagers.D.Itiswellreceivedfrombeginningtoend.7.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext？A.ANewTrendofCityTourismB.TheImportanceofLocalSpecialtiesC.FromMigrantWorkertoCaféOwnerD.WaystoRunaSuccessfulCountryCafé（10分）Consumersrelyonvariouswaystopaydailyexpenses.Theproblemisthattheytendtospendmorewithcashlesspaymentmethodsincomparisontocash.ThisstrikingcashlesseffecthasrecentlybeenconfirmedbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofAdelaide.LedbyPhDStudentLachlanSchomburgk，theresearchteamanalysed71publishedandunpublishedstudiesfrom17countries，includingdatafrommorethan11，000uniqueparticipants.They'vefoundthatcashlesspaymentsleadpeopletospendmoreonstatus﹣signallinggoodslikejewellery，whilethiseffectisnotablyabsentinactsofdonationortipping."Throughthismeta﹣analysis，weidentifiedkeyfactorsthatmakethecashlesseffectstrongerorweaker，whichindividualstudiescouldnotfind.Bydoingthis，weuncoverednewkeyunderstandingsthathadoftenbeenoverlookedbyotherresearchersinindividualstudies."Schomburgkexplains.Thefindingsindicatethatconsumersshouldbemindfulofhowtheypayforgoodsorservices，asthishelpsthemspendless，especiallycriticalinthecurrentcost﹣of﹣livingcrisis.Toavoidoverspending，they'readvisedtocarrycashinsteadofcardswheneverpossibleasaself﹣controlmethod.Whenusingcash，theycountandhandovernotesandcoins，makingspendingmorenoticeable.Ifnothingisphysicallyhandedover，it'seasytolosetrackofhowmuchisspent.Thestudyalsoprovidesusefulinsightsforbusinessesandpolicymakers."Businessesshouldknowfailingtoacceptthecashlessrevolutionmightunintentionallybejeopardisingprofitpotential，"Schomburgksays."Andpolicymakersshouldcommunicatetoindividualsunfamiliarwithcashlesspayments，suchaspeoplewhodon'thavebankaccounts，aboutthepossibilityofcashlessmethodstoleadtooverspending."Schomburgkstressesaneedforurgentin﹣depthstudiesofnewpaymentmethods，asresearchontheirspecificimpactsremainslimitedduetotheirnovelty.Studyingthesemethodsisvitaltokeeppacewiththeevolvingpaymentecosystemanddeepenunderstandingofmodernconsumers'spendinghabits.8.Whathasthestudyfoundaboutthecashlesseffect？A.Itexistsinactsofdonation.B.Itweakenswithmorecashuse.C.Itlinkstothelivingcostcrisis.D.Itworksinspecificconsumption.9.Whydidtheteamadoptthemeta﹣analysis？A.Tosolvetheoverspendingproblem.B.Tocomparecashandcashlesspayments.C.Toconfirmfactorscausingtheeffect.D.Tobreakthelimitationsofsinglestudies.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"jeopardising"inParagraph5mean？A.Risking.B.Preserving.C.Shifting.D.Boosting.11.WhatcanbeinferredaboutnewpaymentsaccordingtoSchomburgk？A.Theyneedtobepopularized.B.Theyaredevelopingrapidly.C.Theyshouldbefurtherstudied.D.Theywillaffectspendinghabits.（10分）WhenanAI﹣generatedpaintingwonamajorartcompetitionin2022，theartworldwasthrownintofiercedebate：canartcreatedbyartificialintelligencebeconsidered"realart"，orisitjustatechnicaltrickwithnotruecreativity？Threeyearson，thedebatehasnotfaded.Instead，ithasevolvedintoadeeperdiscussionaboutthenatureofart，creativityandhumanexpressioninthedigitalage.Ononesideoftheargumentaretraditionalartistsandcriticswhoinsistthatartisahumanexperience，deeplyrootedinemotion，personalstruggleandsubjectiveinterpretation.TheyarguethatAIcannotcreateartbecauseitlacksconsciousness.Thoughitcangenerateimagesbasedonmillionsofexistingartworks，itcannotfeeljoy，sorrow，orinspiration，norcanitexpressauniquepersonalvision.Afamousoilpainterputitdirectly，"AIpaintingislikeaparrotrepeatingwords—itcancopyform，butitcannotunderstandmeaning."ThesecriticsalsowarnthatAIartrisksdevaluinghumancreativity，asanyonecangeneratea"painting"withafewclicks，makingtheyearsoftrainingandpracticerequiredforhumanartistsseemmeaningless.Ontheothersidearedigitalartists，techexpertsandsomecontemporaryartcurators（馆长）whobelieveAIisjustanewtoolforartisticcreation，nodifferentfromthepaintbrushorthecamerawhentheywerefirstinvented.Theypointoutthatallartisbuiltoninspirationfromthepast.Humanartistslearnfrommasterpieces，justasAIlearnsfromexistingworks.Whatmatters，theyargue，isnotwhoorwhatcreatestheart，buttheintentionbehinditandthereactionitevokesintheviewer.ManyAIartistsspendmonthsadjustingAImodels，choosingthemes，andadjustingdetailstoexpresstheirideas.Thisprocess，theysay，isnolesscreativethanmixingpaintonacanvas.SomecuratorsevennotethatAIarthasopenedupnewpossibilitiesforart，allowingpeoplewithnotraditionalarttrainingtoexpresstheircreativityandmakingartmoreaccessibletothepublic.Thetruth，perhaps，liessomewhereinthemiddle.AIisnotareplacementforhumanartists，norisitameaninglesstechnicaltoy.Itisanewmediumthatchallengesustorethinkwhatartisandwhatitcanbe.Asoneartscholarwrote，"Creativityisnotaboutthetool；itisaboutthemindthatusesthetool.Whetherthemindishumanorartificial，theartitcreatesdeservestobejudgedonitsownmerits（优点），notitsorigin."12.Whydoestheauthormentionthe2022AIpaintingcompetitionincident？A.Toinformthereaderofthenews.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.ToexplainwhatisAIpainting.D.Tomakeaconclusion.13.WhydotraditionalartistsrefuseAIpaintings？A.Theydon'thavesufficienttraining.B.Theycopytoomanyexistingartworks.C.Theylackrealfeelingsandpersonalcreativity.D.Theyareproducedtooquicklywithsimpleclicks.14.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3？A.SupportforAIasanarttool.B.HowAIlearnsfromoldworks.C.ThetoughcreationprocessofAIartists.D.AIartistsarebetterthantraditionalartists.15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsAIart？A.Critical.B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic.D.Neutral.第二节(共1小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fromthemomenthumankindfirstcloseditseyesandslippedintotheshiftinglandscapesofsleep，dreamshavehaunted（萦绕）andfascinatedus.Atnight，imagesriseuninvited：lovedoneslonggone，godswhospeakinriddles，beastsbothfearedandadmired，andjourneysacrossimpossibleplaces.16Theyweremessages，andvisions—asecretlanguagewhisperedbytheuniversetothesoul.InancientChina，theZhouLi（RitesofZhou）andotherclassicaltextsdescribedreaminterpretationasameanstopredictthefuture.Dreamswerebelievedtorevealdisturbancesinthebalanceofyinandyang，oritcouldsignalharmonyrestored.Forexample，adreamofflowingwatermightsymbolizelife'scontinuity.17OneofthemostfamousdreampassagesinChinesephilosophycomesfromZhuangzi.Heoncedreamedhewasabutterfly.Uponwaking，hequestionedwhetherhewasamanwhodreamedhewasabutterflyorabutterflynowdreaminghewasaman.18ItvividlycapturedtheChineseviewofdreamsasaspacewhichisamixofrealityandillusion（错觉）.19Researchersinneuroscienceexplaindreamsaspatternsofbrainactivity，memoryprocessing，andemotionalregulation.REM（rapideyemovement）sleep，wheremostvividdreamingoccurs，isnowunderstoodascrucialforlearningandpsychologicalbalance.SigmundFreudsuggesteddreamswerewish﹣fulfillments；CarlJungsawthemasmessagesfromthecollectiveunconscious.Thoughmodernityexplainsdreamswithscience，itcannotremovetheirpoeticcharm.Wearestilldreamers，stillseekers，stillinterpretersofthenight'sriddles.20Wewalkwithgods，withancestors，withthetimelessmysteriesofexistence.A.Thisdreamhasbeenretoldforcenturies.B.Likewise，brokenobjectscouldwarnoftrouble.C.Totheancients，dreamswerenevermeaningless.D.Howdreamsareinterpretedvariesfromculturetoculture.E.Today，sciencethrowslightonthedistinctrolesofdreams.F.Theancientsremindusthateveninsleep，wearenotalone.G.Dreamsareinspirationsthatprepareusforreal﹣lifechallenges.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分15分)第一节(共1小题，每小题15分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（15分）Everydreamlostinthedarklongsforarayoflight—andforLily，thatlightcamefromastranger.Monthsearlier，Lilystaredatherglowinglaptop，21deeply.HernovelcenteredonKatehadremained22at10，000wordsforamonth；notasinglenewwordcametoher.Inamomentofoverwhelming23，sheclosedthelaptopsharply.Shemurmured，"I'mfoolingmyself.I'llneverbea24."Writingwasherlifelongpassion，buttosupportherfamilyandpursueasteadylivelihood，she25herwritingambitionandtookupteaching.Forthirtyyears，shefosteredstudents'imagination，whileherownliterarypassionslowly26.Yetwhenshefinallyembarkedonwritingthenovel，thecompleteabsenceof27crushedherlasthope.Oneday，afterhoursofanother28writing，shewalkedoutsidetorefreshhermind.Hermindstillcloudedandherphonenowdead，shefoundherself29—justthenPatrickKincaidkindlyofferedheraride.Sensingherlowmood，heencouragedhertoshareher30.Lilyconfessedshewasstrugglingto31Kate'sstory，unabletofindhercreativerhythm.Hesmiledgently，"StopforcingKate'splot—letyourheartguideyourwords."Hiswordsstirredsomethingdeepwithinher.Thatnight，shewrote32，weavingthreadsofherownlifeintoKate'sjourney.Sixweekslater，shecompletedthefirst33.WithPatrick'sencouragement，sheperfectedthemanuscript，foundaliteraryagent，andhadthebook34.Onitstitlepage，shewrote，"Fordreamersinthedark—andtheoneswhobroughtthem35."Dreamsneverfadeaway；theyjustwaitforasparktobloom，andnow，shewasthespark.21.A.sighingB.complainingC.yawningD.regretting22.A.completedB.setC.stuckD.aimed23.A.panicB.defeatC.resolutionD.embarrassment24.A.teacherB.agentC.novelistD.guide25.A.wentafterB.setasideC.heldontoD.livedout26.A.roseB.awokeC.eruptedD.faded27.A.inspirationB.supportC.courageD.patience28.A.productiveB.effortlessC.continuousD.fruitless29.A.atadistanceB.onthegoC.atalossD.inarush30.A.troublesB.opinionsC.fearD.novel31.A.polishB.shapeC.reviseD.adapt32.A.freelyB.anxiouslyC.restlesslyD.cautiously33.A.sceneB.outlineC.chapterD.draft34.A.translatedB.promotedC.releasedD.delivered35.A.peaceB.honorC.dignityD.light第二节(共1小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（15分）InChina，wherecareersuccessiscommonlylinkedtostrongeducationalbackgrounds，therecentachievementsofZhangXue﹣36（found）ofZXMOTO﹣standoutevenmorestrikingly.Atmerely39，Zhang，amiddleschooldropout，hasgonefromarepairshopapprenticetoafigurerewritingChina'smotorsporthistory，37oneofhismotorcyclessecuringtwovictoriesatthePortugueseroundoftheSuperbikeWorldChampionship（WSBK）aweekago，overthrowingdecadesofEuropean38Japanesedominance.Inarace39everytenthofasecondcounts，theZXMOTOmotorcyclethunderedpastthefinishline，40（leave）itsnearestrivalnearlyfoursecondsbehind.ThefeatwentviralontheChinesesocialmediaplatformWeibo，rackingupmorethan50million41（view）injustoneweek.Yetthesensationwasaboutmorethanthevictoryitself；itwasaboutthemanwhomadeitallhappen.WhilemanyhavemarveledatZhang'scommandofthemachine，askillhonedfromhumblebeginnings，hisstoryhassparkedonlinediscussionsaboutthegrowingimportanceofpracticalexpertise，42verykindthatvocationaleducationseekstocultivate，inChina's43（rapid）evolvingeconomy.Backinhisteens，Zhang44（start）hiscareerfromarepairshop，whereheoftenimmersedhimselfinengines，hishandsslickwithgrease.By22，hecouldassembleanengineblindfoldedinlessthananhouronatelevisionshow.Thatapprenticeshipgavehiminsightsno45（engineer）degreecould.Helearnedeverywayamotorcyclecouldbreakdown.第四部分写作(共两节，满分15分)第一节(满分15分)46．（15分）你校英文报正开展"数字化时代学生线上学习"主题讨论，请你以"MyViewsonOnlineLearning"为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.你的理解和看法；2.陈述理由。注意：1.词数100左右；2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。MyViewsonOnlineLearning__________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。47．（25分）Onawarmsunnydayintheyard，asmallsoundcamefromthecenterofaflower.Outofthecolorfulflowerspoppedalittlebee.ChomovedbackinfearandshoutedtoherfriendMateo，"Watchout!Itmighthurtyou!"Shewavedherhandstoshoothetinycreatureaway.Asakid，Choalwaysthoughtbeeswerejustannoyingtroublesthatbroughtnothingbutstings（叮咬）.ButMateo，whosegrandpawasknownasthe"Beeman，"shookhishead.Herememberedhisgrandpa'swords："Whenyouhelpabee，youareactuallyhelpingyourownfuturedinner."SoheexplainedsoftlytoCho，"Beesaren'theretohurtus.Theypollinate（授粉）one﹣thirdofthefoodweeat.Withouttheirhardwork，ourgardenwouldn'tgrowanysunflowers，apples，orpeas."Thinkingthewordsover，Chonoddedinagreement.Thetwolookedatthetinycreaturewithrespect，knowingthateverybeewasessentialtotheworld.However，thebeeseemedtobeindeeptrouble.Itstayedstillonaflower，whoselegsweretrembling.Itwassimplytootiredortooweaktofly.Theyquicklymixedaspoonfulofsugarwatertofeedit，hopingtogivethebeesomeenergy.Momentslater，itstillrestedontheflower，shakingandunabletomoveitstinywings.Determinedtosaveit，thetwofriendsdecidedtomakeMateo'sbalcony（阳台）aheavenforitandotherbees.Theygatheredsomeplasticbottlesandothermaterials，planningtobuilda"BeeHotel."Theyhopedsuchashelterwouldprovidesafecellsforbees.Butbeforetheycouldbegin，theskyturnedgrey，andastrongwindbegantoblow.Withthestormapproachingfast，thematerialswerestilllyingallaroundonthebalcony.Thetwofriendsknewtheyhadtoactfastasthefirstraindropsbegantofall.注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MateoandChohurriedtobuildthe"BeeHotel".______Thenextmorning，thesunroseoverthebalcony.______

2026年广东省深圳市龙华区高考英语模拟试卷第二部分阅读(共两节，满分37.5分)第一节(共4小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（7.5分）DearCitizens，Plasticsareproducedfromnaturalmaterialslikeoilandplantminerals，yettheresultingmaterialisentirelyunnatural.Thisnon﹣biodegradablesubstancehasspreadtoeverycorneroftheglobe—fromthedeepseatotheAntarctic，andevenintoourbodies.Everypieceofplasticevermadesurvivesinsomeform，withmosteventuallybreakingdownintomicroplastics：fragments（碎片）smallerthan5millimeters，invisibletotheunaidedeye.Scientistsestimatethattheupperoceansalonecontain24.4trillionsmallmicroplasticpieces.Microplasticsaredividedintoprimaryandsecondary.Primarymicroplasticsareintentionallyproducedintinyform，whilesecondarymicroplasticsresultfromtheenvironmentalbreakdownoflargerplasticitems.Themaintypesinclude：Typesofmicroplastics1FibersThesethin，thread﹣like（丝状的）plasticscomefromclothingandcigaretteends.Oneofthemainwaysthesefibersenterlakesisthroughwashingmachines.2MicrobeadsThesetinyplasticballsareoftenaddedtopersonalcareproductsbutaredifficulttoremovefromwastewaterduetotheirsmallsize.3FragmentsWhenalargerpieceofplasticbreaksdownduetosunlightandweathering，itbecomessmallermicroplasticfragments.4Nurdles（小球）Smallplasticpiecesproducedtomakelargerproductsescapeintolakesandoceansduringtransportation5FoamUsedaspackingprotectionindeliveryboxes，thissoftproductcanbebrokendowneasilyintomicroplastics.Howlongdocommonplasticitemstaketobreakdown？PlasticbagsCigaretteendsCoffeecupsBotesToothbrushesFishinglinesCanholdersStraws20years5years30years450years500years600years400years200yearsWethereforeurgeeveryoneto：1.Reducetheuseofsingle﹣useplastics.2.Chooseclothingmadefromnaturalfibers.3.Participateinplasticwastesortingandrecycling.4.Selectpersonalcareproductswithoutmicrobeads.Protectingourplanetbeginswithconsciousdailychoices.GreenLivingAdvocacyCommitteeFebruary14，20261.Whatisthemainpurposeofthisinitiative？BA.Toexplainhowmicroplasticsaregrouped.B.Topromoteeffortstoreducemicroplastics.C.Toanalyzehowmicroplasticsdegradeinnature.D.Toidentifymajorsourcesofmicroplastics.2.Whichofthefollowingareprimarymicroplastics？BA.1，2and4.B.2and4.C.1，3and5.D.1and3.3.Whichplasticitemtakesthelongesttimetobreakdown？DA.Plasticbags.B.Bottles.C.Toothbrushes.D.Fishinglines.【解答】（1）写作意图题。根据最后一段中Wethereforeurgeeveryoneto：1.Reducetheuseofsingle﹣useplastics.2.Chooseclothingmadefromnaturalfibers.3.Participateinplasticwastesortingandrecycling.4.Selectpersonalcareproductswithoutmicrobeads.（因此我们敦促每个人：1.减少使用一次性塑料。2.选择天然纤维制成的衣物。3.参与塑料垃圾分类和回收。4.选择不含微珠的个人护理产品。）可知，本文的主要目的是促进减少微塑料污染的努力。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Microplasticsaredividedintoprimaryandsecondary.Primarymicroplasticsareintentionallyproducedintinyform，whilesecondarymicroplasticsresultfromtheenvironmentalbreakdownoflargerplasticitems.（微塑料分为初级和次级。初级微塑料是故意以微小形式生产的，而次级微塑料则是较大塑料物品在环境中分解的结果。）以及表格中对2Microbeads（微珠）的描述Thesetinyplasticballsareoftenaddedtopersonalcareproductsbutaredifficulttoremovefromwastewaterduetotheirsmallsize.（这些微小的塑料球常被添加到个人护理产品中，但由于体积小，难以从废水中去除。）和对4Nurdles（塑料小球）的描述Smallplasticpiecesproducedtomakelargerproducts，escapeintolakesandoceansduringtransportation.（为制造更大产品而生产的小塑料颗粒，在运输过程中逃逸到湖泊和海洋中。）可知，Microbeads（微珠）和Nurdles（塑料小球）是故意生产的微小塑料，属于初级微塑料。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据表格Howlongdocommonplasticitemstaketobreakdown？（常见塑料物品需要多长时间分解？）中的数据：Plasticbags—20years（塑料袋——20年）；Bottles—450years（瓶子——450年）；Toothbrushes—500years（牙刷——500年）；Fishinglines—600years（渔线——600年）可知，Fishinglines—600years（渔线——600年）需要600年分解，是所列物品中时间最长的。故选D。（10分）ZhangHongjunoncespenthisdaysonnoisyconstructionsitesinShanghai，farfromhisruralhometowninFujianprovince.Foroveradecade，hislifefollowedacommonpath：longhoursoflabor，lowpay，andthelonelinessofbeingamigrantworkerinavastcity.Hedreamedofachangebutsawfewopportunitiesbackhome.Avisitbecameaturningpoint.Stuckinhisvillage，Zhangnoticedsomethingnew.Theroadswerepaved，internetsignalswerestrong，andthelocalgovernmentwasofferingsupporttothosewillingtostartbusinesses.Thebeautifulmountainsandfreshair，oncetakenforgranted，nowseemedfullofpotential.Anideabegantoform：whatifhecouldbuildafuturehere，notjustmakealivingthere？Usinghissavingsandasmallgovernmentgrant，Zhangtookadaringstep.Hetransformedhisfamily'sold，emptyhouseintoamoderncafé，aplacewherecityvisitorscouldenjoycoffeewhileviewingtheterracedfields.Atfirst，neighborswerepuzzled."Whowillcometothemountainsforcoffee？"theyasked.Zhangpersisted，learningaboutcoffeebeansanddesignonline.Today，"MountainCloudCafé"ismorethanacoffeeshop.It'sawindowforhisvillage.Touristscomeonweekends，andthroughhiscafé，theydiscoverandbuylocalspecialtieslikemountainteaanddriedfruits.Zhanghashiredtwolocalwomen，providingthemwithstableincome.Moreimportantly，hissuccesshassparkedaconversation.Afewotheryoungpeople，whooncethoughtleavingwastheonlyoption，arenowasking，"CouldIcomebacktoo？""Mydreamisn'thuge，"Zhangsays，lookingatthelivelysceneoutside."Ijustwantourhometothrive，sothatourchildrenmighthaveachoicetostay."HisjourneyfromconstructionsitetocaféownerpaintsapictureofmodernruralChina—onewherereturningwingsbringnewlife.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZhang'searlylifeasamigrantworker？CA.Relaxedandsecure.B.Disconnectedbutsatisfied.C.Lonelyandunfulfilled.D.Stressfulbutmeaningful.5.WhydidZhangreturnandstarthisCafébusiness？DA.HefailedinhisjobinShanghai.B.Hewasinpoorconditioninthecity.C.Hewasinvitedbythelocalgovernment.D.Hefoundnewchangesandsupportinhisvillage.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutMountainCloudCafé？AA.Ithashelpeddevelopthevillage.B.Itfeaturesprovidingmoderncoffee.C.Itmainlysellscoffeetoyoungvillagers.D.Itiswellreceivedfrombeginningtoend.7.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext？CA.ANewTrendofCityTourismB.TheImportanceofLocalSpecialtiesC.FromMigrantWorkertoCaféOwnerD.WaystoRunaSuccessfulCountryCafé【解答】（1）细节理解题。由文章首段中的Foroveradecade，hislifefollowedacommonpath：longhoursoflabor，lowpay，andthelonelinessofbeingamigrantworkerinavastcity.Hedreamedofachangebutsawfewopportunitiesbackhome.（十多年来，他的生活循着一条普通的轨迹：长时间劳作、微薄的收入，以及在偌大城市里身为农民工的孤独。他渴望改变，却觉得家乡几乎没有机会。）可知，张洪军早年的生活孤独且不满足。故选C。（2）细节理解题。由文章第二段中的Stuckinhisvillage，Zhangnoticedsomethingnew.Theroadswerepaved，internetsignalswerestrong，andthelocalgovernmentwasofferingsupporttothosewillingtostartbusinesses.Thebeautifulmountainsandfreshair，oncetakenforgranted，nowseemedfullofpotential.Anideabegantoform：whatifhecouldbuildafuturehere，notjustmakealivingthere？（困在村里的张洪军注意到了新变化：道路修好了，网络信号很强，当地政府也在为愿意创业的人提供支持。曾经习以为常的青山与清新空气，如今似乎充满了潜力。一个念头开始浮现：如果他能在这里开创未来，而不只是在城市谋生呢？）可知，他回乡创业是因为村里有了新变化和支持。故选D。（3）推理判断题。由文章第四段中的Touristscomeonweekends，andthroughhiscafé，theydiscoverandbuylocalspecialtieslikemountainteaanddriedfruits.Zhanghashiredtwolocalwomen，providingthemwithstableincome.（周末游客纷至沓来，通过他的咖啡馆，人们发现并购买了山茶、果干等当地特产。张洪军雇佣了两名当地妇女，为她们提供了稳定收入。）可知，咖啡馆带动了村庄发展。故选A。（4）标题判断题。由文章内容，特别是首段中的ZhangHongjunoncespenthisdayso