高中英语选择性必修三Unit 2 重点单词及作文

Unit2HealthyLifestyle

一、核心单词

1.physicaladj.身体的；客观存在的；物理的8.examinev.仔细检查；审查；测验

physicsn.物理examinationn.考试，检查

physicallyadv.身体上；体格上examinefor检查，查找

physiciann.医师；内科医生

physicalandmentalhealth身心健康9.ncgativcadj.消极的；有害的；否定的

benegativeabout对…持否定态度

2.dominatevt.&vi.支配；控制；占有优势haveanegativeeffecton对…有消极影响

dominationn.控制；影响

dominatingadj.主要的；独裁的；有影响力lO.pessimisticadj.悲观的；悲观主义的

的pessimisticallyadv.悲观地

dominatinglyadv.有领导作风地；独裁地pessimismn.悲观；悲观主义者

dominatingfigure主要人物；强势人物pessimistn.悲观主义

dominatingfactor主导因素optimisticadj.乐观的

optimisticallyadv.乐观地

3.repeatedlyadv.重复地optimismn.乐观主义

repeatv.重复说（或写）：重复做：重播（节目）optimistn.乐观主义者

repeatedadj.重复的

repetitionn.重复11.makeupone'smind下定决心

makeupone'smindtodosth卜定决心做某事

4.inresponseto回答；答复makeup编造；化妆；和好；组成

responsen.回答；响应makeupfor弥补；补偿

respondv.回答；响应；作出反应changeone'smind改变主意

makeapositiveresponseto对…作出积极的fixone'smindonsth专心于某事

回应

respondto对…作出回应12.becomposedof***由..组成

becomposedof=bemadeupof=consistof

5.rewardn.回报；奖励；报酬

v.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬13.consultantn.顾问；高级顾问医师

rewardingadj.值得的;有益的；有意义的consultv.咨询；商议；查阅

rewardsb.forsth.因某事奖赏某人consultsb.about/onsth.就某事咨询某人

=givearewardtosb.forsth.consultwithsb.与某人协商

rewardsb.withsth.用某物奖励/回报某人consultadictionary查阅词典

inrewardfor作为对…的回报

asarewardfor作为对…的奖赏14.skipv.跳过；不参加；蹦蹦跳跳

n.蹦跳

6.relyon依赖；依靠；信赖skip-skipped-skipped-skipping

reliableadj.可信赖的；可靠的goskipping去跳绳

relyon/uponsb./sthforsth..依靠某人/某物获skipagrade跳级

得靠物skipbreakfast不吃早饭

relyonsb.todosth.指望某人做某事skipschool/class逃学/逃课

relyonitthat---相信...；指望....skipover略过;遗漏

7.facilitatev.促进；促使；使便利15.stimulatev.促进；激发；刺激

facilityn.设施；设备stimulatingadj.激励人的；振奋人心的

publicfacilities公共设施stimulationn.激励；兴奋

stimulatesb.todosth促使/促进某人

做某事

stimulateone*sinterestinsth.激发某人对…

的兴趣

16.stressedout焦虑不安；心力交瘁

relieve/reducestress缓解压力

sufferfrom/dealwithstress承受/应对压力

lay/put/placestresson/upon强调；着重于

stresstheimportanceof强调....的重要

性

17.wornout筋疲力尽的；疲惫的

wear-wore-worn

wearout穿旧；穿破；磨破；磨损；

使某人疲惫不堪

bewornout=betiredout疲倦的；困乏的；

磨顶的；破烂的

wearaway逐渐磨损；腐蚀已凹痕

wearoff逐渐减弱；渐渐消失

18.absorbvt.吸引全部注意力；吸收

absorbsth.吸收某物

absorb/attract/drawone'sattention吸引某人

的注意

beabsorbedby…被...吸收/吞并

beabsorbedinsth.专心致志于某物

集中注意力于：concentrateon;focuson;pay

attentionto;putone'sheartinto;bedevotedto;

beburiedin;belostin

二、主题写作…健康

假设你是李华，打算给学校报社编辑写信投稿，呼吁同学们加强体育锻炼，

注重身体健康。

写作要点：1.身体健康的重要性；2.运动对大家的好处；3.你的建议。

DearEditor,

I'mwritingtosharemyopinionsabouttheimportanceofhealth.

Goodhealthisveryimpoitanttoeveryone.Ahealthypersoncanalwaysbe

energeticandenjoyhislife.Apersonwhoisinpoorhealthcannotworkwell.Whenit

comestokeepinghealthy,playingsportsenjoyswidespreadpopularityamongpeople.

Ashighschoolstudents,wemuststudyhardandtakemanyimportantexams,which

maymakemanystudentsfeelnervous.Soit'snecessarytotakeexerciseregularlyto

helpreleasestress.Physicalexercisecanhelpmakemusclesstrong.What'smore,

whileplaying,wegetrelaxed,whichcanhelpusstudymoreefficiently.

Sincesportscanmakeusphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,weshoulddosports

everydaynomatterhowbusyweare.Dorememberthatgoodhealthisthebest

wealth.

Yours,

LiHua

UNIT2单元提能强化练

I.阅读理解

A

Whenhomeworkandtestskeepyouuplateatnight,youmayplantomakeupforyourlost

sleepduringtheweekends.Butisituseful?

AstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologyshowsthatthehabitofsleepinginon

weekendsdoesn'tfixthedamagethathasbeendonebyalackofsleepduringtheweek.Even

worse,i（maydamageyourhealth.

Inthestudy,whichwasconductedover10days,36healthyyoungmenandwomenwith

differentsleeprequirementsweredividedintothreegroups.Thefirstgroupwereaskedtosleep

ninehoursanightand（hesecondgroupfivehoursanight.Themembersof（hethirdgroupslept

forfivehoursonweekdaysbutrestedaslongastheywantedontheweekend.

Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewholackedsleepatemoresnacksandgainedweight

quickly.However.lhiswasn'tthecaseforthefirstgroup.

Thatcouldbepartiallyduetotheshiftingofthebiologicalclockandchangestocertainbody

hormones,especiallyhungerhormones.Inordertocatchupontheirsleepduringweekends,people

inthethirdgroupwouldeatlaterasahabit.Sotheirbiologicalclocksshifted,whichalsochanged

theproductionofhungerhormones.

“Thehormoneleptin（瘦素）decreasesappetite（胃口）,whilethehormoneghrelin（胃饥饿素）

increasesappetite,explainedUSresearcherVsevolodPolotsky.^Slccpshortagecausestheleptin

todropandtheghrelintorise,soyou'rehungryandeatmore.”

Andeveniftheytriedtosleepfbraslongastheywantedtoduringweekends,accordingto

researchers.itwasstillnotenoughbecausetheyfounditdifficulttofallasleep.

Moreover,shortandinsufficientsleepscheduleswillleadtoaninabilitytochangeblood

sugarandincreasetheriskofmeiabolic（新陈代谢）diseasein（helongterm.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudy?

A.Participantsweredividedintotwogroups.

B.Researchersstudied36childrenandadults.

C.Itlastedformore（hantwoweeks.

D.Eachgroupfollowdifferentsleeprequirements.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shifting''inparagraph5probablymean?

A.Increasing.B.Lacking.

C.Changing.D.Shortening.

3.Whymaypeoplewithoutenoughsleepeatmore?

A.Theyneedtocreatemoreenergy.

B.Thereislessleptinintheirbodies.

C.Theyhavealowerbloodsugar.

D.Theirbodiesproducelesshormones.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?

A.AppetiteAffectsOurSleepQuality

B.SleepinginCausesWeightLoss

C.CatchinguponSleepHannsOurBody

D.McnandWomenSleepDifferently

B

（新高考全国H卷）

Turningsoil.pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleand

highschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrban

Sprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudents

developscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.

Jaramillo'sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearcnoteasyto

findandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.llTliekidsliterallycometoschoolwith

bagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks/'shesays."Theycometousthinkingvegetablesare

awful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.''Thoughsomeareini:iallyscaredoftheinsectsandturned

offbythedirtjnostareeagertotrysomethingnew.

UrbanSprouts'classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-on

experimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,（aslingsoffreshordriedproduce,and

workinthegarden.Sevemltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andthey

occasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.

Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses."Wehave

studentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey'reeatingdifferently,''

Jaramillosays.

Sheaddsthattheprogram'sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedin

gardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthe

gardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo'sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhom

haveemotionalcontrolissu已s.'Theygeloutside,^^shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”

5.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?

A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.

B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.

C.Shcownsafastfoodrestaurant.

D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.

6.WhalwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?

A.Thckids'parentsdistrustedher.

B.Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.

C.Somekidsdislikedgardenwork.

D.Thcrcwasnospaceforschoolgardens.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?

A.Far-reaching.B.Predictable.

C.Short-livcd.D.Unidcntifiable.

8.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.RescuingSchoolGardens

B.ExperiencingCountryLife

C.GrowingVegetableLovers

D.ChangingLocalLandscape

H.完形填空

(新高考全国II卷)

InAprillastyear,IsawapostonthePNP(PilotsNPaws)websitefromafamilyin

Topeka.TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabut(heywereonaverylightI.Theycouldnotafford

topayfor2fortheirdog,Tiffy,and3wantedtotakeherwiththem.

Itjust4thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflighlwithanotherpiloi,Karen,who5to

takeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.WhatIwastodowasflytoTopekato6Tiffy.

WhenImetTiffy'sownersjheyseemedvery7.Gcorgc,thchusband,wastryingtobe

calm,butIcouldtellthiswas8forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa9andtrustthat

everythingwould10.

Aftersomegoodbyes,!askedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme11Tiffyintothep'ane.I

promisedtotakecareofTiftyand12themassoonaswegottoKansasCity.

Theflightwas13,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she14withKaren

andmadei(backtoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.Hewasso15andsentmeanice

e-mailwithpiclures.ltfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.

1.A.turnB.budget

C.schcdulc□.connection

2.A.foodB.shelter

C.medicine0.transportation

3.A.desperatelyB.temporarily

C.secretlyD.originally

4.A.appearedB.proved

C.happcncdD.showcd

5.A.waitedB.offered

C.hurriedD.failed

6.A.sccoffB.lookfor

C.handoverD.pickup

7.A.confusedB.nervous

C.annoyedD.curious

8.A.hardB.fine

C.commonD.lucky

9.A.coworkerB.passenger

C.stranger□.neighbor

10.A.speedupB.workout

C.coniebackD.takeoff

11.A.feedB.follow

C.changeD.load

U.A.callB.join

C.leaveD.serve

13.A.unnecessaryB.unexpected

C.unavoidableD.uneventful

14.A.returnedB.fought

C.flewD.agreed

15.A.lhankfulB.generous

C.proud0.sympathetic

in.读后续写

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文.

（重庆主城区高二七校联考）

AnHonestMistake

Alicedouble-checkedthewordsonherspellingtest.Ifshegotl(X)percenttoday,she'dwin

herclass'sFirst-QuarterSpellingChallengeandabrand-newdictionarythatcamewithvideosand

othercoolstuff.Plus,Lisahadpromisedtodoahandstandifanyonegotaperfectscore.

Threemorewordstogo.n-i-c-e-l-y.q-u-i-u-k-l-y.h-o-n-e-s-l-y.Wail!She'dspelled

“honesty”,not“honestly”!Shehurriedlyerasedthet-yandwrotel-ybeforehandinginherpaper.

'Tilcorrectandgradethesetestpapersatthebreak,“saidLisa.Alicchurriedintothe

classroom.Shesatrestlesslyinherseatwithherfingerscrossed.ThenLisawalkedtothefrontof

（heroomandclearedherthroat.

^Congratulations,Alice!Youdidsheannounccd.Thcwholeclassburstintoapplause!Lisa

presentedAlicewithherprizc./Xliccgrinned（咧嘴笑）asshereadthelabelonthebox:7bAlice

Carterfarherperfectfirst-quarterscoreinspelling.

“IseverythingOK?”MomaskedasAliceburstthroughthefrontdoorafter

school.^Everythingisperfect!^^Aliceshouied,showingMomherspellingtestpaperand

prize.Momhuggedher."PutthetestonthefridgesoDadcanseeitwhenhegetshome.And

Casper,too.nAlicescooped：抱起）uphercat.uCasper,canyouspellnicely,quicklyandhonestly?^^

Alice'sheartmissedabeatsuddenly.“Honestly?”H-O-N-E-S-L-Y!

“Alice,what'sthematter?^^saidMom.”don,tfeelsogood,“Alicesaid.puttingCasperdown

andstuffingthetestpaperintoherbackpack.t4Probablytoomuchexcitement."Momrubbedher

back.“Howaboutsomelea?”Aliceswallowed,“Howdidyouknow?A*（'isexactly认hatI

needed.”

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Shortlyafterwards,Alicedashedintoherroomandpulledoutthetestpaper.

AlicepushedopenthedoorofLisa'soffice.__________________________________________

参考答案

UNIT2

单元提能强化练

i.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一

项研究表明，周末睡懒觉的习惯并不能弥补工作日睡眠不足造成的损害。更糟糕的是，它

可能会损害你的健康。

1.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thefirstgroupwereaskedtosleepninehoursa

nightandthesecondgroupfivehoursanight.Thcmembersofthethirdgroupsleptforfive

hoursonweekdaysbutrestedaslongastheywantedontheweekend.”可知,参与的三组人员

的睡眠要求不一样。

2.C词义猜测题。根据下文中”...changestocertainbodyhormones,especiallyhunger

hormones.”可知，某些身体荷尔蒙的变化,尤其是饥饿荷尔蒙。结合and,可以推测,此处与

下文在意义上为并列关系，曲线词应与changes意思相近,所以此处指生物钟的改变。

3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句"Sleepshortagecausestheleplintodrop

andtheghrelintorise,soyou'rehungryandeatmore.”可知，睡眠不足导致瘦素下降，饥饿激

素上升，所以你会饿，吃得更多。

4.C主旨大意题。研究表明，周末睡懒觉的习惯并不能弥补工作日睡眠不足造成的

损害。更糟糕的是，它可能会损害你的健康。C项可作为文章的标题。

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AbbyJaramillo发起了一个名叫

“UrbanSprouls”的学校园艺项目的目的和对学生产生的积极影响。

5.D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句"Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowith

anotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramat...”可知,AbbyJaramillo是

UrbanSprouts这个项目的发起人。

6.C推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句"Theycometousthinkingvegetablesare

awful,diitisawful,insectsaieawful.”可知,AbbyJaiamiHo遇到的问题是一些孩子觉得蔬

菜、泥土和昆虫是糟糕的,由此推断出他们不喜欢园艺工作。

7.A推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,这个项目不仅为学生们提供了营养价值，还让

更多的学生对园艺感兴趣,同时也帮助了那些有情绪控制问题的学生。由此可知，该项目

的影响是深远的。

8.B标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入

学校发起的培养学生科学能力、环保意识以及健康生活方式的“UrbanSprouls”园艺项目，

让学生体脸乡村生活，对学生影响深远。由此可知,B项“体脸乡村生活''符合文意,最适合

作为本文标题。

H.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从PilotsNPaws网站上看到

一个帖子后，和另一名飞行员用飞机帮助一家人将他们的狗从托皮卡接到弗吉尼亚的故

事。

1.B根据“Theycouldnotaffordtopayforfortheirdog,Tiffy...”可知,这个家

庭的预算(budget)非常紧张。

2.D根据'TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabuttheywereonaverytight____."及下文

语境可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费(嬴而nation)。

3.A根据”...wantedtotakeherwiththem.“可知，这家人非常(desperately)想把狗一起

带走。

4.C根据“1wasplanninganotherPNPflightwi:hanotherpilot,Karen...”可知，碰巧

(happened)作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。

5.B根据”...totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知,Karen主动提出(offered)

帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。

6.D根据“Whal1wastodowasflytoTopeka...’'和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去

接(pickup)Tiffyo

7.B根据"George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm...”可知,这家人看起来很紧张

(nervous)o

8.A根据上文”...wastryingtobecalm..."以及下文”...havingtoleavehisdogtoa

and...”可知，把狗留