Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 基础知识讲义 2022-2023学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

【人教版2019】必修第一册Unit3SportsandFitness基础知识【课前检查】单句语法填空1.Studentsasweare,weshouldapplywhatwehavelearnedinclass__________ourdailylife.2.Theairinthisplaceis________(extreme)coldandnothingcansurvivehere.3.Iwasnamed“KingofBasketball”ofourschoolandthetitlewasgiventome_______(official)onaceremonylastweek.4.Forum(论坛)isaplacewhereeverybodycanmakecomments__________everything.5.Itwilltakeaweekforyour___________(apply)tobeprocessed.6.Tomy_________(amaze),onlylessthanfivepeoplecameheretoattendthemeeting.7.Janeisquiteeasy________(recognize)becausesheistheonlyladywhowearsformaleveningdressinthehall.8.Wewillmakenecessary_________(arrange)forourguestsbeforetheyarrivetomorrow.9.Booksfromthenewlybuiltschoollibrarywillbeuseful________(source)ofinformationforus.10.Incaseyoucannotfindme,pleasecontactme______________0662045279.Keys:66.to67.extremely68.officially69.On70.application71.amazement72.torecognize73.arrangements74.sources75.at语法填空MynameisLihuawhoisnowstudyinginaSeniorhighschool.Ilovemynewschoolandclassmates.OvertheOctoberholiday,myparentsandIareplanningtogotoPeru____56____isacountryonthePacificcoastofSouthAmerica.Inthe1400sand1500s,Peruisthecenterofthe____57____(power)ancientIncaEmpire.Spaintookcontrol___58___thiscountryinthe16centuryand___59____(rule)until1821.ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.Weareplanningtospendfourdays___60____(travel)byboatinAmazonRainforestandthenanotherfourdayswalkingthroughtheAndesMountainstoanancientcity,MachuPicchu.LakeTiticacaisourlastdestinationwhichisfamous___61___its____62___(extreme)beautifulsightofthecountryside.We’dliketostaywithalocalfamilyonanislandforoneortwo____63___(day)andIbelievebothmyparentsandIwillhaveagoodtime.Ican’twait____64____(explore)this____65____(amaze)countrynow!Keys:61which\that62powerful63of64ruled65travelling66for67extremely68days69toexplore70amazing【问题查找】单句语法填空1.Iam________(stress)out,andIneedarelax.2.It'sluckythatithappenedhererather________ontheopenroad.3.Thesuccessor________(fail)oftheplandependsonyou.4.Havethe________(injure)intheaccidentbeentakentohospital?5.Henevercompareshimselfwithhistwinbrother,________he?6.I'vegot________(million)ofbeerbottlesinmycellar.7.Ourbodiesare________(strength)byexercise.Similarly,ourmindsaredevelopedbylearning.8.Trytofaceyourlifeandyourstudieswithcourageand________(determine).9.Even________weachievegreatsuccessinourwork,weshouldnotbeconceited.10.Whenhewasonlyaboy,hewasexpectedtobecomeaworld________(championship)byhiscoachandparents.Keys:1.stressed2.than3.failure4.injured5.does6.millions7.strengthened8.determination9.if/though10.champion【要点精讲】【听力材料积累】Wordsandphrasesaboutsporteventsathlete运动员 event比赛项目 stadium体育场gym健身房 skiing滑雪marathon马拉松 track跑道 boxing拳击（运动） badminton羽毛球运动soccer足球 gymnastics体操（训练） fitness健康 host主办workout锻炼 comealong跟随 trackandfield田径Howtoinviteafriendtoasportevent?1.Wouldyouliketogotothesoccergame?2.Doyouwanttowatchtheboxingmatch?3.Whynotrunanexcitingmarathon?4.Howaboutwatchingbadmintonthisafternoon?重点单词1.host[həust]①v.主办，主持②n.主人，东道主【教材原句】Zhangjiakou,abeautifulcityinnorthernChina,willhosttheYouthSkiRaceinDecember.【高考真句】GuyHarvold,24,hadpickedupthestudentsandthreecourseleadersfromGatwickAirport,andtheyweretravellingtoBournemouthtomeettheirhostfamily.（2017浙江）【词性拓展】hostessn.女主人【常见搭配】hostcountry东道国，主办国【练一练】完成句子。2.sweat[swet]①vt.使出汗②vi.流汗③n.汗水【教材原句】Sweatyourwaytogoodhealth.badminton羽毛球运动soccer足球gymnastics体操（训练）fitness健康host主办workout锻炼comealong跟随trackandfield田径1.The_____________mayimposeforeignexchangecontrol.东道国则可能强行实施外汇管制。2.The_____________welcomedherfriendsatthedoor.Keys:hostcountry;hostess2.sweat[swet]①vt.使出汗②vi.流汗③n.汗水【教材原句】Sweatyourwaytogoodhealth.【高考真句】Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.(2018北京)Earnyourbreadwithyoursweat.(2016浙江)【词性拓展】sweatern.毛线衣，运动衫sweatyadj.出汗的，吃力的【常见搭配】coldsweat冷汗【练一练】句子翻译。___________________________________________________________________________她的手和脖子开始流汗。Key:Herhandsandherneckbegantosweat.3.honour[ˈɒnə(r)]n.荣誉，尊敬，荣幸【教材原句】Asaplayer,LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.【词性拓展】n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸Itisanhonour(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)做……是种荣幸havethehonourof(doing)sth.得到某殊荣，有幸做某事inhonourofsb.＝insb.'shonour为向某人表示敬意，为纪念某人vt.尊敬，尊重(某人)；给予(某人)荣誉be/feelhonouredthat...因……而感到荣幸be/feelhonoured(todosth.)(因做某事而)感到荣幸例如：Thegymwasnamedinhonorofthefirstchairman.Ifeelhonoredtohavethisopportunitytomakethisspeech.4.determination[diˌtəːmiˈneiʃən]n.决心，决定【教材原句】WhentheChineseteamwaspreparingforthe2015WorldCup,herdeterminationwastested.【高考真句】Whereheoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.(2015安徽)【词性拓展】determinevt.&vi.(使)下决心，(使)做出决定determinedadj.坚定的，毅然的【常见搭配】thedeterminationtodosth.做某事的决心bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事【练一练】请用determine,determined,determination填空。1.ThismadeHannahverysad,andevenmore_____________todosomthing.(2017北京)2.TheBaltic（波罗的海）peoplehavearightto_____________theirownfuture.3.Thefailureonlystrengthenedour_____________.Keys:1.determined;2.determine;3.determination5.injured[ˈindʒəd]adj.受伤的，有伤的【教材原句】Oneofthebestplayershadbeeninjured,andtheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblems.【高考真句】Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.【词性拓展】injurevt.使受伤，损害injuryn.伤害，损害【常见搭配】beseriously/slightlyinjured受重/轻伤【知识扩展】wound/injure/hurt/harm辨析wound指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战斗中受伤。injure“损害；受伤”，指由于意外或事故而受伤，着重指容貌、机能的损坏。hurt指肉体上，也可指精神上的伤害。也可为“疼痛；痛苦；伤心”。harm肉体上，也可指精神上的伤害，可能会带来不便。doharmto=beharmfulto【练一练】请用injury,injure,injured填空。1.Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmoveincaseshe_____________heneck.2.Thesechemicalscomefromthe_____________partsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.（2017全国卷）3.Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntoprevent_____________.=Keys:1.injured;2.injured;3.injuries6.strength[streŋθ]n.力量，体力【教材原句】Jordan’sskillswereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.【高考真句】Itisanopportunitytobesocial,releaseendorphins(内啡肽),andimproveyourstrength.【词性拓展】strengthenv.加强，巩固【常见搭配】physicalstrength体力strengthentheawareness强化意识【练一练】句子翻译。_____________________________________________________________我们应该定期锻炼以增强体质。Key:Weshouldworkoutregularlytostrengthenourbody.7.compete[kəmˈpiːt]vi.竞争，对抗【教材原句】Anathleteshouldthinkabouthonorandhisfansifheiscompetingforhiscountry.【高考真句】…suddenlymakingitpossibleforthelittleguystocompetewithlargefarmsofCalifornia.【词性拓展】competitionn.竞争，比赛competitorn.竞争者，对手competitiveadj.竞争的，比赛的【常见搭配】competeinsth.参加某项比赛competewith/againstsb./sth.与……竞争competefor为……而竞争【练一练】请用competition,compete,competitor,competitive填空。1.Theywill_____________forprizestotallingnearly$3,000.2.Thewinnersofthe_____________willbeannounced（公布）nextmonth.3.Workinginsucha_____________industry,IhavesometimesthoughtIcan'tdothisanymore.4.Chinaisa_____________tothewestandAmericainparticular.Keys:1.compete;2.competition;3.competitive;4.competitor8.pretend[priˈtend]v.假装，装扮【教材原句】Asoccerpalyershouldnotpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshisteam.【高考真句】I’mnotsuggestingyouignoreproblems,orthatyoupretendthingsarebetterthantheyare.【常见搭配】pretendtodosth.假装做某事sb.pretend(that)……某人假装……【练一练】句子翻译。_____________________________________________________他假装开心，但是事实上他很难过。Key:Hepretendstobehappy,butactuallyheisverysad.9.diet[ˈdaiət]①n.日常饮食②vi.节食【教材原句】IworriedaboutmyweightandtryeverynewdietIreadaboutonline.【高考真句】Byeatingmorefastfood,peoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.【经典例句】She'salwaysdietingbutsheneverseemstoloseanyweight.她总是在节食，但体重好像并未减少。(牛津)【常见搭配】balancedandhealthydiet均衡健康饮食beonadiet节食【练一练】句子翻译。_____________________________________________研究显示，素食（vegetarian）是一种健康均衡的饮食。Key:Studiesshowthatvegetarianisahealthyandbalanceddiet.10.compare[kəmˈpeə]v.比较，比喻【教材原句】Finally,Istoppedcomparingmyselfwithactressesandmodelsandlookingforthingsthatwerewrongwithmyfaceorbody.【高考真句】DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress(强调)hisimportanceinliterature.【经典例句】Shakespearecomparedtheworldtoastage.莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。【词性拓展】comparisionn.比较，对照comparativeadj.比较(上)的【常见搭配】compareAwith/toB把A和B作比较compareAtoB把A比作B【练一练】句子翻译。1.________________________________________________把他们的状况与我们的相比很有意思。2._________________________________________________人们经常把小孩比喻成快乐的小鸟。Keys:1.Itisinterestingtocomparetheirsituationwithours.2.Childrenareoftencomparedtohappybirds.11.stressn.紧张;压力vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安【典型例句】She’sbeenunderalotofstresslately.Hecan’thelpeatingwhenstressedout.【词性拓展】stressedadj.焦虑不安;心力交瘁stressfuladj.压力重的；紧张的【常见搭配】understress在压力之下underthestressof...在……的压力下stressout焦虑不安，疲惫不堪lay/put/placestresson...强调/重视stresstheimportanceof...强调……的重要性【练一练】句子翻译我想要强调保护野生动物(wildlife)的重要性。_________________________________________________Key：Iwouldliketolay/put/placestressontheimportanceofwildlifeprotection.三、单元重点短语1.comealong跟随；到达；进步；赶快【教材原句】Wouldyouliketocomealong?【短语拓展】comeacross偶然遇见comeabout发生comeout出来、出版comeupwith想出、提出cometooneself苏醒；恢复知觉whenitcomesto(doing)sth.当谈及(做)某事e.g.We’regoingtotown.Doyouwanttocomealong?Icameacrossafamousathleteonthestreet.Howdidthesituationcomeabout?EveryonewaswaitingforthenewHarryPotterbooktocomeout.We’vebeenaskedtocomeupwithsomenewideas.Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselflyinginhospital.He’sabitofanexpertwhenitcomestocomputers.2.giveup放弃；投降e.g.Heisadeterminedpersonwhowillnotgiveupeasily.【短语拓展】givein屈服；上交e.g.Isimplygaveintohim,andI'veregrettediteversince.giveout分发e.g.Theteacheraskedthemonitortogivethesebookout.giveaway赠送；泄露e.g.IgavemostofmybooksawaywhenIleftcollege.Shetriedtosmile,buthervoicegaveheraway.giveback归还e.g.Thisisn’tyourmoney;youmustgiveitback.giveoff放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音等)e.g.Thewoodgaveoffasweetsmellasitburned.【即时演练】(1)Theflowersasweetandpleasantsmell.A.giveback B.givein C.giveaway D.giveoff(2)Youshouldnevertodifficultiesthatyoumeetinstudy.A.giveup B.givein C.giveaway D.giveout(3)Thefamoussingerpromisedthatshewouldhalfofherincome(收入)oftheyeartohelpthedisabled.A.giveback B.givein C.giveaway D.giveoffKeys：DBC重点短语comealong跟随，到达，进步，赶快 trackandfield田径workout锻炼，计算出，解决 makeit获得成功，准时到达setanexample树立榜样 fallapart破裂，破碎，崩溃loseheart丧失信心，泄气 giveup放弃，投降makesense有道理，合乎情理，表达清楚 pretendtodosth.假装做某事evenif/though即使，虽然makeadifference有作用或影响ratherthan而不是cutout停止做（或使用、食用）；删掉nowandthen有时，偶尔compare……with/to与……比较【练一练】选用上述短语完成句子。1.Wouldyouliketo__________________________?你想一起来吗？2.Comeand__________________________atagym.Sweatyourwaytogoodhealth!来体育馆锻炼。用汗水浸湿你通往健康的路。3.Youcan__________________________.你能获得成功。4.TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwas__________________________.郎平组建的队伍正在瓦解。5.Losingtwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge,butLangPingdidnot__________________________.失去两个重要的队员是一个大的挑战，但是郎平没有放弃。6.Ihavenoideaalettercould_____________such__________________________!我没想到一封信能有如此大的影响！7.Istartedthinkingaboutfitness__________________________weight,thingsbegantochange.我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情开始发生变化。8.Ratherthan__________________________thefoodsIenjoyed,Iaddedhealthyfoodstomymeal.不是停止吃我喜欢吃的食物，而是增加健康的食物到我的饮食中。9.Icouldstillhaveaburger_______________________________________,butIwouldaddasaladoranapple.我现在时不时还能吃汉堡，但是我会增加沙拉或者苹果。10.Thatdoesn't_______________________________________.那没有任何意义。11.Finally,Istopped_______________________________________actressesandmodelsandlookingforthingsthatwerewrongwithmyfaceorbody.最后，我不再和女演员或者模特比较，也不去寻找我脸上或者身体上的毛病了。Keys:1.comealong;2.workout;3.makeit;4.fallingapart;5.giveup;6.makeadifference;7.ratherthan;8.cuttingout;9.nowandthen;10.makeanysense;11.comparingmyselfwith语法（一）限制性定语从句【句子展示】①Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheiraportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.②TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwasfallingapart.③Theplayerwhobecameknownas"AirJordan"changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.④Jordon'sskillswereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.⑤TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohasbeenhelpingyoungpeoplesince1996.【归纳总结】序号先行词关系词所充当成分①athleteswho主语②③④⑤在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时，关系词可以用that/who，在从句中充当主语或宾语，作宾语时可使用who的宾格形式whom；当先行词指物时，关系词可以用that/which，在从句中充当主语或宾语。Keys：Keys:②team;that;宾语③player;who;主语④mentalstrength;that;宾语⑤TheBoysandGirlsClub;which;宾语（二）附加疑问句【句子展示】①Thisisn'tyourfirstgamehere,isit?（肯定式陈述部分+否定附加疑问部分）②Youcomehereoften,don'tyou?（否定式陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分）③Nobodysawhimwalkintotheroom,didthey?（含有否定词的陈述部分+肯定附加疑问部分）④Comealongwithme,willyou?/canyou?/won'tyou?/can'tyou?（祈使句+附加疑问部分）【归纳总结】1.附加疑问句的组成：陈述部分+附加疑问部分。附加疑问部分一般由助动词、be动词或情态动词和表示主语的代词构成。前后遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。2.附加疑问句的问答与一般疑问句类似。如，---Davidhasbeentoaboxingmatch,hasn'the?---No,hehasn't.HealwayswatchesboxingonTV.【练一练】请补充附加疑问部分的内容。1.Lindaatenothingthismorning,_____________?2.Thereishardlyanymilkinthebottle,_____________?3.Everythingseemsallright,_____________?4.Let'sgotherebybus,_____________?5.Theycan'tfinishitbyFriday,_____________?Keys:1.didshe;2.isthere;3.doesit;4.shallwe;5.canthey【查漏补缺】根据首字母或者汉语意思完成句子。1.Lifeislikelongracewherewecan___________（竞争）withotherstogobeyondourselves.3.Theyoung___________(运动员)soonlefttheothersfarbehind.2.Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess，othersaremotivatedbyfearoff___________.4.Ifwehavethecourageand___________（决心），wewillfinallygetthesunshinewewant.5.It'smyh___________tobeheretosharewithyoumyopinionsonwhattolearninseniorhighschool.6.Peoplemakingfriendsonlineareafraidofgetting___________（受骗的）7.Aspartofthehealthy___________（饮食），eatmorefruitsandvegetableseachday.8.IbelievethattheInternethasp___________effectsonourlives.9.Carelessnessoftenleaksto___________(错误，差错).10.Wearethem___________ofourownfuture.11.Politicalpowerdependsoneconomical___________(实力).12.Theh___________filledtheguest'sglassesinturn.13.Hewassonervousthatsbegantopourdownhisface.14.Hewas___________(受伤的)inthefirstgameandunluckilymissedthefinal.15.I___________（假装）thatthingsarereallyokaywhenthey'renot.16.Thisisoneofthebiggestfootball___________（体育馆）intheworld.17.Howdoesyournewhousec___________withyouroldone?18.Somepeoplewillgainweight,nomatterhowhardtheytrytobes___________.19.Thingscaneasilygowrongwhenpeopleareunder___________(压力).Keys:1.compete;2.failure;3.athlete4.determination;5.honor;6.cheated;7.diet;8.positive;9.errors;10.master;11.strength;12.host;13.sweat;14.injured;15.pretend;16.stadiums17.compare；18.slim;19.stress;【梳理优化】单元重点词汇词性转换1.fitnessn.健壮;健康;适合→fitv.适合；合身adj.健壮的;适合的2.skivi.滑雪adj.滑雪的→skiingn.滑雪运动3.hostn.主人;东道主;节目主持人v.主办，主持→hostessn.女主人；女主持人4.gymn.健身房;体育馆→gymnasticsn.体操;体操训练5.gloryn.荣誉;光荣;赞美→gloriousadj.值得称道的;光荣的;荣耀的;壮丽的6.championn.冠军；优胜者→championshipn.锦标赛;冠军赛；冠军称号7.determinev.决定→determinedadj.坚定的;坚决的;果断的→determinationn.决心；决定8.injurev.使受伤;损害→injuredadj.受伤的;有伤的→injuryn.伤害，损伤9.gracen.优美;优雅→gracefuladj.优美的;优雅的10.strongadj.强壮的→strengthn.体力；力量→strengthenv.加强;增强11.failv.失败;未能(做到)；不及格→failuren.失败;失败的人(或事物)12.competev.竞争;对抗→competitorn.竞争者；对手→competitionn.竞争;比赛;竞赛→competitiveadj.有竞争力的13.positiveadj.积极的；下面的；乐观的;肯定的→negativeadj.消极的;负面的;缺乏热情的;否定的14.stressn.紧张;压力vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安→stressedadj.焦虑不安;心力交瘁→stressfuladj.压力重的；紧张的【强化巩固】单句语法填空1.Heisreally________________(determine)tostophisbadhabitsandgetfit.2.Theworker________________(injury)himselfattheconstructionsite.3.Shetrainseverydayto________________(strength)herarms.4.Theyaredoingexercisestoimprovetheir________________(fit).5.Therocketlaunch（发射）wasa________________(fail)becauseofbadweather.6.Shedanced__________(graceful)inthedancingpartylastnight..7.Theprizeforthewinnerofthe__________(compete)isatwo-weekholidayinParis.8.Trafficaccidentshappennow__________theninourdailylife.9.Westudentsshouldbepositive__________ourstudy.10.YuanLongping__________(honor)as“FatherofHybridRice”.11.Heisusedto________(get)upearlytoreadEnglishinthemorning.12.Youshouldgetmoreexerciseto________(strong)yourmuscles.13.________(compare)tomysister,Igrowtallmorequicklythanher.14.Itwashis__________(determine)thatgothimintoamedicalschool.15.Myleftfootwas__________(injury)inthefootballgameyesterday。Keys:1.determined；2.injured；3.strengthen；4.fitness；5.failure；6.gracefully7.competition8.and9.about10.ishonored11.getting12.strengthen13.Compared14.determination15.injured单句翻译1.他算出了黑板上那道数学题。________________________________________________________________________2.无论有多困难，终有一天我会成功。________________________________________________________________________.3.买那件昂贵的大衣毫无意义。________________________________________________________________________4.换学校对我的人生产生了很大的影响。________________________________________________________________________5.即使你很聪明,也得努力学习。________________________________________________________________________Keys:1.Heworkedoutthemathproblemontheblackboard.2.Nomatterhowharditis,Iwillmakeitoneday.3.Itdoesn'tmakesensetobuythatexpensivecoat.4.Changingschoolsmadeabigdifferencetomylife5.Youhavetostudyhardevenifyouareveryclever.【课后练习】阅读理解ARockclimbingisnotjustforgrown-ups.Yourchildrencanalsoenjoythisfun-filledactivityaswellasgettingitsadvantages.Asidefromitsheart-healthbenefit,itisalsoknowntoincreasetheirself-confidenceandesteem(尊重).Whileitmaynotbeanimpromptu(即兴的)activitylikerunningorbiking,therearemanyclimbingwallsthatarenowavailable,especiallywiththedevelopmentoffitnesscentersandcamps.Thegreatthingabouthavingyourkidsjointheseactivitiesisthatitfollowsupontheirnaturalquality.Asyouknow,childrenarenaturalclimbers.Youcanseethemgoingupontreesorclimbingtallladders.Withrockclimbing,youcansatisfytheirurgestobeaclimber.What’smore,itisfairlyeasyforthekidscomparedwithadults.Withahighstrength-to-weightrate,theyhavelessbodyweighttopullup,andtheyaremoreflexible(灵活的).Itisalsoalow-impactworkoutthattestsyourchildren’sendurance(耐性).It’seasyontheirjoints(关节)astheyburnenergyduringtheirascent.Inaddition,climbingwallsarelikegiantpuzzlesbeggingtobesolved.Notonlydoesittestthephysicalaspectsofyourchildren’sdevelopment,butitalsowakestheirmentalabilities.Thisexercisealsohelpsdevelopyourchildren’sessentialstrengthandflexibility.Kidsarechallengedphysicallyastheypull,lift,stretch,andtwisttheirwayup.Thisactivityalsodevelopstheireye-handcoordination(协调)astheyperformtheirclimb.Almostanyonecandoitalthoughitmayvaryinskilllevel,namelybeginner,intermediate,oradvanced.Butdespiteitsreputationasanextremesport,childrencandothis.Onedoesnotneedtobesuper-fittojoinarockclimbingclass.However,goodtechniqueismorenecessarythanstrengthwhendoingthissport.4.Whenitcomestoclimbing,comparedwithchildren,adults______.A.finditmucheasier B.mustbearmorebodyweightC.haveahigherweight-to-strengthrate D.followupmoreontheirnaturalquality5.Theunderlinedword“ascent”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“______”.A.test B.climb C.challenge D.improvement6.Whatmaythenextparagraphtalkaboutafterthispassage?A.Whattechniquechildrenneedtoclimbrocks. B.Whatmoreadvantagesclimbinghasforchildren.C.Howmuchstrengthpeopleneedtoclimbrocks. D.Whattrainingclassestherearetoteachchildren.Keys:4-6BBA【解析】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了孩子攀岩的好处。4.细节理解题。根据第三段“What’smore,itisfairlyeasyforthekidscomparedwithadults.Withahighstrength-to-weightrate,theyhavelessbodyweighttopullup,andtheyaremoreflexible(灵活的).”可知，孩子们重量强度比比成年人高，攀爬时承受更小的体重，因此成年人攀岩时需要承受更大的体重。故选B项。5.词义猜测题。根据第四段后文“Inaddition,climbingwallsarelikegiantpuzzlesbeggingtobesolved.”可知，前句也在描述攀爬，故猜测“ascent”与“climb”为“攀岩”。故选B项。6.推理判断题。根据最后一句“However,goodtechniqueismorenecessarythanstrengthwhendoingthissport.”可知接下来要讲technique。故选A项。BCanyouimagineprintingfood?Somescientistsaretryingtorevolutionize（变革）thediningexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbecomeascommonplace（平常的）asthemicrowave.Scientistssaythattheyareeasytouse:yousimplyhavetochoosearecipe（菜谱）andputtherawfood"inks"intotheprinter.Youcanalsochangetheinstructionstomakethefoodexactlyhowyouwantit.Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatetastyandnutritious（有营养的）meals.Theysaythatifpeopleused3Dprinterstocreatemealstherewouldbelessneedfortraditionalgrowing,transportingandpackagingprocessesasfoodproductionwouldbealoteasier.Forexample,ingredients(原料)suchasproteinsfrominsectscouldbechangedintotastyproducts.Andasisknown,thosetraditionalactivitiesarenotbeneficialtoourenvironment.Thistechnologycouldalsohelppeoplewhosufferfromdysphagia(吞咽困难).Thepatientscouldprogram（给……编写程序）theprinterandsofterversionswouldbemadesothattheywouldnothavetroubleswallowing（吞咽）them.However,somepeoplethinkthatusing3D-printedfoodswouldbeadisaster.Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthoseforgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.Imagineaworldwheretherewasnoneedforfarmingorgrowingcropsandthesametastescouldbeprintedfromaraw"foodink".Likewise,traditionalcafesandrestaurantsmightlosebusiness.Also,thereareconcernsaboutthenutritionalvalueofprintedfood:isitreallypossibletogetthenutrientsweneedfromfood-basedinks?What'smore,cookingandeatingtogetherwithfamilyandfriendshaslongbeenatraditionalandenjoyableactivity.Itishardtoimagineaworldwherethepastimeofcookingisdeadandmealscanbecreatedatthetouchofabutton.1.Whatdoscientiststhinkof3Dfoodprinting?A.Itischeaptouseit. B.Itisenvironment-friendly.C.Itisadvancingquickly. D.Itneedsimproving.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“softerversions”inParagraph3referto?A.Theprintedfoods. B.Theirfavoritefoods.C.Themorenutritiousfoods. D.Themoretastyfoods.3.WhatcanweinferabouttheprintedfoodsfromParagraph4?A.Theirraw"foodinks"aremorenutritional. B.Peoplewouldgetmorejobsproducedbythem.C.Peopleneedmoreevidenceabouttheirnutrition. D.Theywouldbeboughtintraditionalrestaurants.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Thegrowthof3Dfoodprinting B.Thefutureof3DfoodprintingC.The3Dfoodprintingbusiness D.Thetwosidesof3DfoodprintingKeys:BACD完形填空IhaveplayedsoccerandothersportssinceIwasabout5yearsold.WhenIwasyounger,IthoughtIwouldbeableto41.______doingallthesportsIloveintomyteenyears.ThenI42.______thatonceyougetintohighschool,youhavetojust43.______asportascoachesrequireprettymuchtrainingintheoffseason(比赛淡季).Ifyouaredoingthreetofivedaysof44.______aweek,thisleaveslittle45.______forotheractivities.Andthatone46.______thenturnsintoayear-longcommitment(投入).WhenIdecidedtoplaysocceryear-round,wewere47.______fivedaysaweek,andwehadgamesontheweekends.Afteraboutthreemonthsofthis,Iexperiencedakneeoveruse48.______.Fourotherplayershadkneeinjuriesaswell.Wehadworkedso49.______forsolong,andthenwewentdirectlyintoclubsoccerintheoffseason.Therewasnevera50.______!Thisinjuryreallypushedme51.______,andIstayedathomeforeightweeks.Becauseofthis,I52.______soccertraining.Ialso53.______totakepartinmanyactivitieswhileplaying.54.______wideningmysocialcircleandjoiningsomeclubs,Iamonthefield.Butevenwiththese55.______,Istillkeepplayingsocceryear-round.Itisanenjoyableexperiencethatreallyliftsmyspirits.41.A.avoid B.continue C.finish D.risk42.A.remembered B.realized C.imagined D.regretted43.A.change B.prepare C.stop D.choose44.A.work B.games C.training D.tours45.A.space B.money C.room D.surprise46.A.sport B.club C.plan D.spirit47.A.competing B.trying C.running D.practicing48.A.class B.injury C.program D.treatment49.A.well B.far C.hard D.fast50.A.break B.test C.point D.season51.A.around B.back C.through D.forward52.A.lookedoutfor B.gavewayto C.tookcareof D.missedouton53.A.fail B.start C.refuse D.offer54.A.Becauseof B.Exceptfor C.Insteadof D.Alongwith55.A.values B.rules C.disadvantages D.expectationsKeys:主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习本文是记叙文。作者一整年都在踢足球，虽然辛苦，但他依然坚持，永不言弃。41.B。由上文中的IhaveplayedsoccerandothersportssinceIwasabout5yearsold和下文中介绍“我”思想的转变可知，本空所在句描述的是“我”曾经的想法——以为自己到了青少年时期仍然会“一直（continue）”进行自己所有喜欢的运动。42.B。本空所在句与上句在语义上是转折关系。根据语境可知，这里表达的是“我”进入到高中以后，对体育运动有了新的认识，故这里需要填一个