航海类大学英语实践教学教程 课件 第九章 轮机英语情景演练

航海类大学英语实践教程第九章轮机英语情景演练Section1:Theengineerintroducesthecomposition,structureandprincipleofthepropulsionsystemtotheCadets

Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofthepropulsionplant?Engineer:Apropulsionplant,alsocalledamainpowerplant,isadevicethatdrivesashipbyacertainamountofpower.Cadet:Whatdoesthepropulsionsystemconsistof?Engineer:Thepropulsionsystemincludesthemainengineandauxiliarysystems,transmissionequipment,shaftingandthruster.Cadet:Whatismainengine?Whatdoesitconsistof?Engineer:Mainenginereferstothepowermachinerythatdrivesaship,includingdieselengine,steamengine,steamturbine,gasturbine,etc.Cadet:Whatistransmission?Whatdoesthatconsistof?Engineer:Thetransmissionequipmentisusedtocollectordistributethemainenginepower,realizetheseparationandcombinationofthemainengineandthepropeller,etc.Itincludesaclutch,gearboxandcoupling.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofshafting?Whatdoesthatconsistof?Engineer:Thefunctionoftheshaftistotransferthepowerofthemainenginetothepropeller,includingthedriveshaft,bearings,seals,etc.Cadet:Differentmainenginesfordifferentships?Engineer:Yes,steamturbinesaremainlyusedonhigh-speedpassengerships,containerships,largeoiltankersandlargeandmedium-sizednavalvessels.Gasturbinesareusedmainlyonwarships;atpresent,dieselengineisthemostoftenused,withthedieselengineasthemainengineoftheshipaccountingfor98%,occupyinganabsolutedominantposition.Cadet:Whyisthat?Engineer:Becausethedieselenginepowerplanthasgoodeconomy,safetyandreliability,longservicelife,goodmaneuverabilityandawidepowerrange.Cadet:Whatisthestructureandtypeofdieselengine?Engineer:Therearemanytypesofdieselenginesandtheirspecificstructuresarenotexactlythesame.Butitisbasicallycomposedofcrankconnectingrodmechanism,cylinderblockparts,valvemechanismandairchangesystem,fuelsupplysystem,lubricationsystem,coolingsystemandstartingsystem.Cadet:Canyoutellmebrieflywhatthesemechanismsandsystemsdo?Engineer:Crankconnectingrodmechanismismainlycomposedofapiston,connectingrod,crankshaftandflywheel.Themainfunctionistoturnthereciprocatingmotionofthepistoninthecylinderintotherotationalmotionofthecrankshaft,andtherotationalmotionofthecrankshaftintothereciprocatingmotionofthepiston,soastorealizetheworkingcycleandoutputpower.Thecylinderblockpartsmainlyincludethebody,cylinderliner,cylindercoverandoilsump,etc.Thesepartsformtheframeworkofthedieselengine,whichsupportsallthemovingpartsandauxiliarysystems.Airdistributionmechanismandventilationsystem,includingairfilter,inletandexhaustpipe,silencersandairdistributionmechanism,etc.Itsmainfunctionistoregularlyremoveexhaustgasandsuckinfreshair,anditalsohasthefunctionsoffilteringair,silencingsoundandextinguishingfire.Thefuelsupplysystemmainlyincludesfuelinjector,fuelinjectionpump,governor,oiltransferpump,fuelfilterandoiltank.Itsfunctionistomeettheoperationalrequirementsofthedieselenginebydeliveringaspecificpressureandcleanquantityofdieselattheappropriatetimingwithhigh-qualityatomizationintothecombustionchamber,andmakeitmixandburnwithairquicklyandwell.Thelubricationsystemismainlycom-posedofoilpump,oilfilter,oilpressuregaugeandpipeline.Itsfunctionistosendtheoiltothefrictionsurfaceofthemovingparts,inordertoreducethewearofthemovingparts,reducefrictionresistance,andhavethefunctionofcooling,sealing,rustpreventionandsoon.Coolingsystemincludeswaterpump,fan,watercooler,oilcoolerandsoon.Itsfunctionistoreleasetheheatoftheheatedpartstotheoutsidetomaintainasuitableworkingtemperatureofthedieselengine.Thefunctionofthestartingsystemistomakethestationarydieselenginerunnormallywiththehelpofexternalforces(humanorotherpower).Duetodifferentstartingmodes,thecomponentsarealsodifferent.Cadet:Inadditiontothemainpropulsionplant,whereelsearedieselenginesusedonships?Engineer:Alsousedingenerator,emergencygenerator,emergencyfirepump,lifeboatengine.Cadet:What'sthedifferencebetweenthedieselenginesofthesedevices?Engineer:Differentpower,size,speedandsoon.Cadet:Isthereanythingelsedifferent?Engineer:Thefuelusedisdifferent.Themaindieselengineandthemaingeneratorusuallyuseheavyoil.Theotherdieselenginesusedieseloil.Cadet:Whoisinchargeofthemainengine?Engineer:Thefirstengineer.Cadet:Whoisinchargeofthegeneratorengine?Engineer:The

Secondengineer.Section2:TheengineerbrieflyintroducesthefunctionandprincipleofauxiliaryengineandotherauxiliarymachineryCadet:Besidespropulsion,whatelseisthereintheengineroom?Engineer:Auxiliarydevices,pipingsystems,anti-pollutionsystemsandsoonareavailableintheengineroom.Cadet:Whataretheauxiliarydevices?Engineer:Auxiliarydevicesaredevicesthatgenerateenergyotherthanthatrequiredforpropulsion,includingshippowerstations,auxiliaryboilers,compressedairsystems,andequipmentandsystemsforcrewandpassengerlivingservices.Thepowerstationofashipprovidestheelectricenergyrequiredbythewholeship.Itiscomposedofgeneratorsets,switchboardsandotherelectricalequipment.Thedieselenginethatdrivesthegeneratorinageneratorsetisusuallycalledtheauxiliaryengine.Theauxiliaryboilerunitprovideslowpressuresteamtomeetheatingandotherdailyneeds.Thecompressedairsystemprovidescompressedairtomeettheneedsofdieselenginestarting,automaticcontrolandshipoperation.Cadet:Whatarethepipesystems?Engineer:Thepipingsystemisusedtotransportallkindsoffluids.Itconsistsofvariouscontainers,pipes,pumps,filters,heatex-changersandvalves.Accordingtothepurpose,thepipingsystemcanbedividedintopowersystemandauxiliarysystem.(1)Powersystemreferstothepipelinesystemservingthepropulsiondeviceandauxiliarydevice,whichisusedtotransportfueloil,lubricatingoil,seawater,freshwater,steam

andcompressedair,etc.,mainlyincludingfuelsystem,lubricatingoilsystem,seawaterandfreshwatersystem,steamsystemandcompressedairsystem,etc.(2)Auxiliarysystemreferstothepipingsystemservingshipnavigation,personnellifeandsafety,alsoknownasshipsystemorgeneralsystem,includingballastwatersystem,bilgewatersystem,firefightingsystem,dailyusesystem,ventilationsystem,airconditioningandrefrigerationsystem,etc.Cadet:Whatistheanti-pollutionequipment?Engineer:Anti-pollutionequipmentreferstotheequipmentsetuptopreventtheshipfrompollutingthemarineandatmosphericenvironment,mainlyincludingoilywaterseparator,domesticsewagetreatmentdevice,marineincinerator,ballastwatertreatmentdevice,etc.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionoftheoilywaterseparator?Engineer:Theoilywaterseparatorisusedtoseparateoilinthebilgewateroftheengineroom,soastodischargethebilgewaterthatmeetsthestandardconcentrationofoiloverboard.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofadomesticsewagetreatmentdevice?Engineer:Marinedomesticsewagemeansthedischargeandotherwastesfromanyformoflatrine,urinal,infirmary(pharmacy,ward,etc.)basin,bathbasinanddrainageholesinthesepremises,thedischargefrompremisescontainingliveanimals,orothereffluentsmixedwithsuchdischarge.Marinesewagecontainsalargenumberofbacteria,parasites,andsometimescontainsvirusesharmfulto

thehumanbodyandaquaticorganisms.Ifitisdischargedarbitrarilywithoutanytreatment,itmaycausepollutionofsurroundingwaters.Domesticsewagefromshipsshallbetreatedbydomesticsewagetreatmentdevicestomeetcorrespondingstandardsandthendischargedaccordingtoregulations.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofthemarineincinerator?Engineer:Marineincineratorisusedtoincineratetheship’sdirtyoil,oilresidue,sewagesludgeandengineroomcottonwastes,foodresidueandothercombustablesolidwastes.Thedirtyoilisburnedbythedirtyoilburner,whilethesolidwasteissenttothefurnacebythefeedport.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionoftheballastwatertreatmentunit?Engineer:Inordertoensuresafeoperation,ballastwaterwillbeloadedanddischargedaccordingtotheloadingstatusoftheshipduringsailing.Theballastwatercontainsalargenumberofmicroorganisms.Duetothedifferentloadinganddischargesites,untreatedballastwaterwillcausemicrobialinvasionandpollutionproblems.Inordertomeetthedischargerequirements,itisnecessarytotreattheballastwaterwhenitisdischarged.Thetreatmentdeviceusedistheballastwatertreatmentdevice.Cadet:Isthereanyotherequipmentbesidesthat?Engineer:Deckmachineryandsomespecialsystems.Cadet:Whatisthedeckmachinery?Engineer:Deckmachineryreferstotheequipmentsetuptomeettheneedsofnavigation,berthingandloadingandunloadingoftheship,mainlyincludingsteeringgear,anchorwindlass,cablewinch,cargowinch,cargohatchcoverswitchingmachinery,sidethrusterandrollstabilizer,etc.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofthesteeringgear?Engineer:Thesteeringgearisusedtocontroltheheadingoftheship,andtheshipmustbeequippedwiththeequipmenttocontrolthedirectioninordertohavegoodmaneuverability.Cadet:Whatistheroleofthewindlass?Engineer:Whenashiparrivesataport,itisoftenrequiredtoberthoutsidetheporttowaitforaberthorpilot,toundergoquarantine,shelterfromwind,tideortransfer.Inordertoresisttheforceofwindandcurrentonthehullwhenberthingandkeepthepositionunchanged,itisnecessarytoanchor,sotheshipneedstobeequippedwithanchorequipment.Inaddition,anchorequipmentisalsotheauxiliaryequipmenttocontroltheship,whenthesituationssuchasdocking,mooringfromthebuoy,narrowchannelturnoremergencybrakearise.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofthemooringwinch?Engineer:Theequipmentusedformooringandmooringcableswhentheshipisworkingasatug,enteringandexitingadock,ortetheringtoadock,buoyorothervessel,iscalledmooringequipment.Mooringequipmentmainlyconsistsofmooringcable,mooringcableguidedevice(mooringhole,mooringcableclamp,mooringcableroller,etc.),mooringpile,cablewinch,ropecar,bumppad.Cablewinchisthemainpowerunitofmooringequipment.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofacargowinch?Engineer:Inadditiontousingportequipmenttoloadandunloadcargo,manyshipsarealsoequippedwithhoistingmachines.Usedforloadingandunloadingcargo,liftinghatchcover,materials,sparepartsandmeals,etc.,cargowinchesaremainlydividedintoelectricwinchesandhydraulicwinches.Accordingtodifferenthoistingequipment,itcanbedividedintoderrickwinchandrotarywinch(alsoknownascrane).Atpresent,rotaryhydrauliccargowinchesarewidelyusedforlargeship.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofcargohatchcoverswitchingmachinery?Engineer:Thecargohatchcover,alsoknownasthebighatchcover,isahatchcovermountedonthecargohold.Thesizeoftheclosedhatchislarge,soitisusuallycomposedofseveralpiecesofhatchcoverplate,equippedwithspecialhatchcoverswitchingmachinery,whichrequiresreliablestructure,quickopeningandclosing,convenientoperationandmaintenance,andsmallcollectionposition.Accordingtothetypeofhatchcoverandthewayofopeningandclosing,thereareassembledhatchcoverandmechanicalhatchcover.Theassembledhatchcoverisatraditionalcargohatchcover,whichbelongstoallthehatchesoncargoshipsbeforethe1950s.Inordertoshortentheopeningandclosingtimeofhatchcover,improvetheefficiencyofloadingandunloading,andimprovethemechanizationdegreeofcargohatchcover,thecargohatchcovershavegraduallydevelopedfromwoodenassembledhatchcovermovedbyhumantosingle-pullrollinghatchesandfold-hingedhatchespulledbysteelcables,andallkindsofmechanicalhatchesopenedandclosedbyhydraulicdevices.Cadet:Whatistheroleofthesidethruster?Engineer:Asidethrusterisaspecialpropulsiondevicethatcanproducelateralthrustonaship.Itworksonthesameprincipleasapropeller.Itisinstalledintheboworsternoftheshipbelowthewaterlineinatransverseguidecylinder.Themagnitudeanddirectionofthethrustgeneratedcanbechangedaccordingtotheneed.Generally,ordinarycommercialvesselsusesteeringgearmostofthetimetomaintainorchangetheship’scourse.Buttheuseofruddersteeringrequiresthattheshipmusthaveaminimumspeed.Otherwisethesteeringefficiencyisverylow.Inaddition,theruddersteeringwillalsoproducealargeradiusofgyration.Whenashipisapproachingorleavingadock,passingthroughcanals,enteringorexitinglocks,passingthroughnarrowchannelsandcrowdedwaters,thelowspeedandnarrowwaterwillbringdifficultiestotheshiphandling.However,theside-thrustdevicecanobviouslyimprovethemaneuvera-bilityoftheshipatlowspeed,andimprovethesafetyoftheshipduringmaneuverabilityandtheship’ssteeringandpositioningabilityatlowspeed.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionoftherollstabilizer?Engineer:Themainpurposeoftheship’srollstabilizeristoreducetheroll,soastoimprovethesafetyoftheship,improvetheseaworthinessoftheship,improvetheworkingconditionsonboard,enhancethecomfort-ablenessofthecrewandpassengers,ensurespecialoperations,etc.Cadet:Whatarethespecialsystems?Engineer:Specialsystemsaresystemsdesignedandequippedforspecialvessels,suchasspecialsystemsforoiltankers,terminalmooringsystemsforfloatingoilstoragevessels,mudpumpingsystemsfordredgers,etc.Cadet:Isthecompositionofmarineturbinesallthesame?Engineer:Thecompositionofaship’sturbineisgenerallyasdescribedabove,butitcannotbegeneralized.Withdifferentsizes,types,purposes,androutes,thecompositionwillbedifferent.Section3:Theelectricalengineerbrieflyintroducesthepowersystem

Cadet:Whatarethecomponentsofaship'spowersystem?Electricalengineer:Theship’selectricpowersystemiscomposedofpowersupplydevices,distributiondevices,powernetworkandloads.Allthecomponentsareconnectedinacertainwayasawhole.Itisthegeneraltermofalldevicesandnetworksforthegeneration,transmission,distributionandconsumptionofelectricenergyonboardtheship.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofthepowersupplydeviceandwhatdoesitinclude?Electricalengineer:Marinepowersupplydeviceisadevicethatconvertsmechanicalenergy,chemicalenergy,etc.intoelectricenergy,mainlyreferringtogeneratorsandbatteries.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofthepowerdistributiondevicesandwhatdoesitinclude?Electricalengineer:Marinepowerdistributiondeviceisaunitthatprotects,distributes,converts,controls,andmonitorspowersupplyandelectricalequipment.Accordingtothedifferentpowersupplyscopeandobject,theship’spowerdistributiondevicecanbedividedintomaindistributionboard,emergencydistributionboard,powerdistributionboard,lightingdistributionboard,batterychargeanddischargeboard.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionofthepowernetworkandwhatdoesitinclude?Electricalengineer:Theshippowernetworkisageneraltermforthewholeship’scablesandwires,anditsfunctionistoconnectallkindsofpowersourcesandloadsinacertainrelationship.Accordingtothenatureoftheload,itcanbedividedintopowernetwork,lowvoltagenetwork,lightingnetwork,emergencynetworkandsmallemergencynetwork.Cadet:Whatisthefunctionoftheloadandwhatdoesitinclude?Electricalengineer:Loadmeanselectricalequipment.Shiploadsincludeauxiliaryenginesforpowerplant,deckmachinery,cabinauxiliaryengines,electricpropulsionequipment,mechanicalrepairmachinery,refrigeratedventilation,lightingequipment,shipcommunicationandnavigationequipment,automationequipment,etc.Cadet:Whatarethebasicparametersofashippowersystem?Electricalengineer:Thebasicparametersofaship’selectricalsystemrefertothetypeofcurrent(electricalsystem),ratedvoltageandratedfrequencyclasses.Cadet:Whatarethetypesofcurrents?Electricalengineer:Thetypesofcurrentaredirectcurrent(DC)andalternatingcurrent(AC).EarlyshipsadoptedDCsystem,mainlybasedonthefactthatDCgeneratorvoltageregulationiseasy,DCdistributiondeviceissimple,andDCmotorspeedissmooth.However,theDCsystemhasmanydefectsinreliability,economyandmaintainability,andthedevelopmentofpowerelectronicstechnologyhasbrokenthroughaseriesofdifficultiesinACpowersystem,suchasvoltageregulation,frequencyregulationandparalleloperation,sothattheACsystemoccupiesthemainposition.ACpowersystemsareusedinalmostallmediumandlargeships,exceptforspeciallyengineeringshipthatuseDCpowersystemsorhybridACandDCpowersystems.Cadet:Whatistheratedvoltage?Electricalengineer:TheratedvoltageofelectricequipmentinChinais24V,110V,220V,380V,1KV,3KV,6KV,10KVandsoon.Accordingtotheprinciplethattheratedvoltageofthepowersupplyisabout5%higherthantheratedvoltageoftheelectricalequipmentofthesamepowersystem,theratedvoltageofthegeneratoris115V,230V,400V,1.05KV,3.15KV,6.3KV,10.5KV,etc.AccordingtotheCodeforClassificationofSteelSeagoingShipsissuedbyChinaClassificationSociety,thelimitvoltageofnon-electricpropulsionshipsis500V,theratedvoltageofpowerloadsandelectricheatingdeviceswithfixedcablesis380V,andthelimitvoltageofelectricheatersforlightingandlivingroomsis250Vandtheratedvoltageis220V.Cadet:Whatistheratedfrequency?Electricalengineer:TheratedfrequencyofACshipelectricpowersystemisgenerallyfollowedbythelandfrequencystandardinvariouscountries.Chinaadopts50HzandWesternEuropeandAmericaadopt60Hz.Thisdoesnotincludethespecialfrequenciesrequiredforweakcurrentequipmentandthepowersupplyforspecialequipmentsuchasoffshoreplatforms.Cadet:Whatarethecharacteristicsoftheship'spowersystem?Electricalengineer:(1)Poorworkingconditions;(2)Greatmutualinfluencebetweenmarinepowergenerationequipmentandelectricalequipment;(3)Shippowerstationcapacityisrelativelysmall.Cadet:Whyistheworkingconditionofshippowersystembad?Electricalengineer:Thereareadversefactorssuchashightemperature,humidity,saltspray,mold,vibrationandtiltduringseavoyage,whichaffectthereliabilityofelectricalequipment.Therefore,itisrequiredthatthegeneratorsandelectricalcomponentsofmarinepowerstationsshouldbetreatedwith“threeprecautions”(moisture-proofing,mildewandsaltsprayprevention),andhaveanti-vibrationandanti-tiltpropertiestoensurethereliabilityofpowerstationoperation.Cadet:Whyisthereagreatmutualinfluencebetweenmarinepowergenerationequipmentandelectricalequipment?Electricalengineer:Thetransmissiondistanceoftheship’spowernetworkisshort,thelineimpedanceislow,andtheshortcircuitcurrentislargeeverywhere.Whenashortcircuitoccursatacertainpointinthepowernetwork,itmaydirectlyaffecttheoperationofthepowerstation.Theelectromagneticmechanicalstressandthermaleffectgeneratedbytheshortcircuitcurrentcaneasilycausetheswitch,bus-barandotherequipmenttosufferdamageanddestruction.Therefore,theship’stransmissioncablesareroutedalongthebulkheadorroof,andthebranchingandswitchingofthecablesarecompletedintheswitchboard(box)orspecialdistributionbox,andnoexternalconnectionpointsareallowed.Inordertoensurethereliabilityofpowerstationoperation,theshortcircuitprotectionlinkshouldbesetinshippowergridatalllevelsandshouldbeselective.Cadet:Whyisthecapacityofpowerstationsonshipsrelativelysmall?Electricalengineer:Thecapacityofasinglepowerstationonashipisgenerallynotmorethan1,000kW,andthetotalinstalledpowerisnotmorethan5,000kW(exceptforelectricpropulsionshipsandspecialships),whichismuchsmallerthanthatonland.Ingeneral,thetotalcapacityofpowerstationsfor10,000-toncargoshipsisabout1,000kW.Thenormaloperationofgeneratingsetsis300–500kW,andthecapacityofsomelarge-capacitymotorscanreach60–70kW.Whenthelargecapacitymotorisstarted,theexcitationeffectofthesynchronousgeneratorwillcausethenetworkvoltagetodropgreatly,andthespeedandvoltageofthegeneratorwillpassivelyfluctuategreatly.Therefore,itisrequiredthatthemarinegeneratorsetshouldhavegreatercapacitytowithstandoverloadandforcedexcitationinordertoimprovethestabilityoftheoperationofthemarinepowerstation.Section4:EngineerintroductiontoshiprepairCadet:Whatarethetypesofshiprepair?Engineer:Voyagerepair,minorrepairanddockrepair.Cadet:Whatisvoyagerepair?Engineer:Ifashipisdamagedduringavoyage,itwillneedvoyagerepair.Thiskindofrepairistemporary,soitisalsocalledtemporaryrepair.Itisnecessaryemergencyworktoenabletheshiptocontinuetoperformitstaskandcanbecompletedwithoutchangingtheship’svoyageschedule.Voyagerepairsaremadewhenashipisinservice,usuallywhileitisinport.Cadet:Whatisaminorrepair?Engineer:Iftheshipiscompletelyrepairedonceayear,accordingtotheChinaClassificationSociety,thisrepairiscalledaminorrepairoranannualrepair.Cadet:Whatisthedockrepair?Engineer:Everyfewyearsashipneedstobedockedforacompleteoverhaulordockrepairinordertomaintainitsclass.Cadet:Whatareotherrepairsbesides?Engineer:Inadditiontothesethreetypesofrepair,theothertypesareasfollows:(1)Damagerepair.Extensiverepairworkisrequired,particularlytotheship’sstructure.Itiscausedbygroundings,collisionsorotheraccidents.(2)Transformation.Theshipisrefittedfordifferentpurposes.Cadet:Whatdoesshiprepairinclude?Engineer:Duringtherepairprocess,differentkindsofworkreflectthedifferencesinvesseltypeandvesselequipment.Typicalrepairworkincludes:cleaningandpaintingofunderwaterequipment;replacementofsteelparts,corrodedanddamagedmaterials;mechanicalmaintenance;otherjobs,includingdeckequipment,accommodationandothersystemrepairwork.Cadet:Whatpreparatoryworkshouldbedonebeforeshiprepairs?Engineer:Whetherit’savoyagerepair,aminorrepair,oradockrepair,youhavetodoyourhomeworkbeforeyoumakearepair.Forexample,drawinguprepairordersandsubmittingthemtothecompany’stechnicaldepartment.Ontherepairlist,repairitems,specifications,materialpropertiesofmechanicalcomponentsandrepairrequirementsshouldbeclearlyfilledin.Inaddition,preparesparepartsandmaterials.Duringrepair,mostsystemsorindividualcomponentsshouldbeinspected,cleanedand,ifnecessary,oiledandrepaired.Sometimesdamagedpartsmustbereplacedwhentheyhavewornbeyondthelimitofrepair.Fordifferentkindsofparts,therepaircycleisdifferent.Toalargeextent,itdependsontheoperatingconditionanditsimportancetothewholesystem,andyoucanrefertothemanualwhennecessary.Cadet:Anyotherprecautions?Engineer:Itisimportantthatanoceanofficerorengineerbeabletospeak,readandwriteEnglish,becauseallrelevantdocumentsarewritteninEnglish.Cadet:Whatarethesafetyprecautionsforshiprepairs?Engineer:Whenrepairingaship,weshouldpayattentiontosafetyfirstsuchasfirefighting,explosion-proof,antifalling,electricitysafety,anti-slip,anti-freezingandanti-pollution.Section5:Theresponsibilitiesanddivisionoflaborofthepersonneloftheenginedepartment

Cadet:Howaretheresponsibilitylevelsofthepersonnelintheenginedepartmentdivided?Engineer:AccordingtotheSTCW78/95convention,theresponsibilitylevelofthepersonnelintheenginedepartmentcanbedividedintomanagementlevel,operationlevelandsupportlevel.Cadet:Whatisamanagementlevel?Engineer:Managementlevelmeansthelevelofresponsibleforensuringthecorrectperformanceofallfunctionswithintheassignedareaofresponsibility.ManagementlevelincludesChiefengineerandfirstengineer.Cadet:Whatisanoperationallevel?Engineer:Theoperationlevelistheresponsibilitylevelthatmaintainsdirectcontrolovertheperformanceofallfunctionswithinthedesignatedresponsibilityscopeundertheguidanceofthemanagementlevelpersonnelwiththesameresponsibilityscopeandaccordingtotheregularprocedures.Theoperatinglevelincludesthesecondengineer,thethirdengineer,theelectricalandelectronicpersonnelandtheseniorcrewworkingonshipswithlessthan750kW.Cadet:Whatisasupportlevel?Engineer:Supportlevelmeansthelevelofresponsibilityassociatedwiththeperformanceofassignedtasks,dutiesandresponsibilitiesonaseashipunderthedirectionofoperationalormanagerialpersonnel.SupportlevelincludesNo.1motormanandmotormen.Cadet:Isthedivisionofdutiesofmarineengineersthesameindifferentcompanies?Engineer:Althoughthedivisionofdutiesofengineerpersonnelisnotthesameindifferentshippingcompanies,theresponsibilityisgenerallythesame.Thedifferenceisonlyinthedivisionofmaintenanceofsomemechanicalequipmentsupervisors.Cadet:Whatarethechiefengineer'sresponsibilities?Engineer:Chiefengineeristhetechnicalchiefoftheship’smachinery,powerandelectricalequipment,aswellasthedepartmentheadoftheenginedepartmentandoneoftheship’smainleaders.Thechiefengineershallformulatetheoperationrules,