《物流专业英语》-03-参考答案-模拟试题-1-物流专业英语3

4/6姓名 学号 姓名 学号 班级 座位号 《物流专业英语》考试试卷参考答案A卷□考试说明。1、本试卷为闭卷考试考试说明。1、本试卷为闭卷考试2、试卷中所有试题的答案均写在答题纸上3、总分：100分，考试时间：120分钟第一页，共X页题号一二三四五六七八总分阅卷人签字分数术语翻译（本大题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分）（一）英译汉部分ex-factoryprice出厂价retailprice零售价directpurchase直接采购，直接购买movementsofgoods/product商品/产品的流转supplychain供应链flowandstorageofgoods商品的流动及储存availabilityofgoods商品的现货性（二）汉译英部分提单，提货单billoflading询问答复式交易query-responsetransaction技术数据交换technicaldatainterchange不可储存性non-storability带空座位出发departwithemptyseats剩余能量(运能)excesscapacity交货通知单deliverynotification周转储备rotationreserves完成下列句子（本大题共15个小题，每小题1分，共15分）Logistics,inanarrowsense,isthe_______________________(商品的高效流动与存储).(efficientflowandstorageofgoods)Therearetwotypesofprimaryactivitiesconcerningtheproductionofproducts:____________________(生产与流通).(productionanddistribution)Productionistheactorprocessofconvertingrawmaterialsinto_______________________(半成品或成品)readyforsale/delivery.(semi-finishedgoodsorfinishedgoods)Distributionis_______________________(行动或过程)ofmovinggoods/product(semi-finishedorfinished)tovariouslocations/customers.(theactorprocess)E-business,ore-commerce,referstotheprocessingofbusinesstransactions_______________________（通过电子方式）andwithdigitalizeddata.(viaelectronicmeans)Itisestimatedthat25%ofbusinessinChinaisnow_______________________（基于电子商务的）andwithsteadygrowth.(e-based)Anyonetransactionine-businesscontainsanumberofprimary“flows”,namely_______________________（信息流、商流、金流和物料流）.(flowsofinformation,business,financeandgoods)Therecanbesomemajorstepscommonforaproducttotravelfrom_______________________(订单接收)todeliverytotheuser.(receiptoforder)Otherfactors,suchasthesalesprofit_______________________（在整个物流链）alsohaveanimpactontheprocesses.(inthewholelogisticslink)Therearevariousmodesoftransportationandchoiceofthemostfeasiblemodecanbemadeasperthespecificsituationand_______________________（经营者的个体需要）.(theoperator’sindividualneeds)Distributionisa_______________________（物流终端递送服务）inwhichgoodsmovefromsuppliertouserwithinarelativelyfixeddistanceandtimespan.(logisticsenddeliveryservice)Distributionfocusesoncustomersatisfactionandaimsat_______________________（降低成本）.(costreduction)Itsoperationisoftencentralizedandintegrated_______________________（在特定的覆盖区域内）.(withinaspecificcoverarea)Transportis_______________________（干线运输）betweentwopoints/places,usuallyoveralongerdistance.(trunkmovement)Distributionisa_______________________(末端运输)betweentwoormoreplacesoverashorterdistance,eg.withinatownorseveraltownswithinthereachoftheoperator.(tailendtransport)用动词的适当形式填空（本大题共10个小题，每小题1分，共10分）This‘openaccess’toroads__________（have）itsdisadvantages.Themostobviousoneistrafficcongestionatpeattimes.(has)Thisresultsin__________(extend)journeytimesforbothpassengerandfreighttraffic.(extended)Anditultimately__________(add)tothecostsofbothoperatorsandusers.(adds)However,theremaybeagreatpassengerflowduringpeaktimes.Inthiscase,__________(carry)‘humanbulkcargo’overshortdistancescanalsobeeconomic.(ccarrying)Naturally,itwouldbehighlyimpracticalforroadtransportto__________(replace)railwaytransport,especiallyduringpeaktimes.(replace)Theformer,byfar,lacksthecapacity__________(need).(needed)Anairportoccupieslargeareasoflandandneedsextensivefacilitiesfortheefficientandsecure__________(handle)ofbothpassengersandfreight.(handling)Theairportinfrastructure,liketherailwaysystem,also__________(involve)highcostsforoperationandmaintenance.(involves)Theoperatorchargestake-offand__________(land)feestoairlinesandrecoversthecostsinthisway.(landing)Someoperatorsalsochargeairporttaxestoall__________(depart)and/orarrivingpassengers.(departing)概念解释（本大题共10个小题，每小题2分，共20分）Whatisthedefinitionoflogistics?Logistics,inanarrowsense,istheflowandstorageofgoods.AccordingtotheCouncilofLogisticsManagementofUSA,“Logisticsisthatpartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implementsandcontrolstheefficient,effectiveflowandstorageofgoods,serviceandrelatedinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumptiontomeetcustomers’requirements.”Whatarethescopeoflogisticsactivities?Logisticsactivitiesareextensiveandconsistofvariouscomponentssuchastransport,inventorymanagement,customersupport,purchasing,warehousing,financingsupportandsoon..Whatisdistribution?Distributionistheactorprocessofmovinggoods/product(semi-finishedorfinished)tovariouslocations/customers.Usuallymanufacturersfocusonproduction,whilelogisticscompaniesengageindistributionofgoods.Whatisasupplychain?Asupplychainisanetworkofretailers,distributors,transporters,storagefacilities,andsuppliersthatparticipateintheproduction,saleanddeliveryofaproducttotheconsumer.Thesupplychainistypicallymadeupofmultiplecompanieswhocoordinateactivitiestosetthemselvesapartfromthecompetition.Whatisthesupplychainstrategy?Asupplychainstrategydefineshowthesupplychainshouldoperateinordertocompeteinthemarket.Thestrategyevaluatesthebenefitsandcostsrelatingtotheoperation.Whileabusinessstrategyfocusesontheoveralldirectionacompanywishestopursue,supplychainstrategyfocusesontheactualoperationsoftheorganizationandthesupplychainthatwillbeusedtomeetaspecificgoal.Whatdoes‘inventory’referto?Inventoryreferstostocksofanythingnecessarytodobusiness.Rawmaterials,goodsinprocessandfinishedgoodsallrepresentvariousformsofinventory.Whatarethemajorelementsthatstockholdingcostsinclude?Thecostsofholdingstockincludethefollowingelements:Storagecosts–heat,light,ratesanddepreciationforstoresbuildingsStaffcosts–manpowerforrunningstoresMaintenanceofstockrecord–administrativeandsystemcosts,includingstocktakingandcheckingSecurityandinsuranceStockdeteriorationDepreciationWhatispackaging?Packagingistheactofsealingaproductwithcontainers,materialsandauxiliaryitemswithaviewofprotectingtheproduct,facilitatingstorage/shipmentandpromotingsalesinthelogisticsprocess.Whatarethefeaturesandfunctionsofpackaging?Packagingfulfillsdifferentfunctions:Toprotectandpreserveaproductfromphysical,chemicalandmechanicaldamageTofacilitateeaseofhandlingTocommunicateinformation,egsafetyinstructionsToactasamarketingaid,throughappearanceandpresentationWhatisreverselogistics?Inanarrowsense,reverselogisticsistheprocessinwhichobsoleteproductsandvariousmaterialsareremade,regeneratedandrecycled.Thisincludessuchlogisticsactivitiesasreturnofproducts,replacementofmaterialsaswellasreuse,disposal,reprocessing,maintenanceandremakingofitems.英译汉（本大题共5个小题，每小题2分，共10分）GreenLogisticsisasupplychainmanagementstrategythatreducestheenvironmentalandenergyfootprintoffreightdistribution.绿色物流是一个供应链管理战略，它降低货运对环境及能源的影响。Itfocusesonmaterialhandling,wastemanagement,packagingandtransport.其重点放在材料搬运、废物管理、包装及运输上。Greenlogisticsisaformoflogisticswhichiscalculatedtobeenvironmentallyandoftensociallyfriendlyinadditiontoeconomicfunctions.绿色物流是物流的一种形式，其用意是在经济作用上考虑到环境保护及社会方面的因素。Companieswhichareinterestedinadoptinggreenlogisticsareseekingtoconvert,reform,andstreamlinetheirexistinglogisticssystems.有兴趣采纳绿色物流的公司正在寻求转移、改革并理顺其现有的物流体制。Logisticsareattheheartoftheoperationofmoderntransportsystemsandimpliesadegreeofcontroloverfreightmovementsthatonlymoderntechnologycouldhavebroughtintobeing.物流处于现代运输系统运营的心脏位置，并意味着对货物流转的某种程度的控制，这种控制只有现代技术才有可能使其实现。汉译英（本大题共5个小题，每小题3分，共15分）ILS是若干科目相互协作以确保系统可用性的一体化规划及行动。ILSistheintegratedplanningandactionofanumberofdisciplinesinconcertwithoneanothertoassuresystemavailability.ILS每一个要素的规划是与系统工程学及相互之间协同开发的。TheplanningofeachelementofILSisideallydevelopedincoordinationwiththesystemengineeringeffortandwitheachother.可能需要在各个要素之间获得平衡才能使该系统达到如下效果：有支付能力（较低的生命周期成本），可操作、可支持、可持续、可运输以及环保。Tradeoffsmayberequiredbetweenelementsinordertoacquireasystemthatis:affordable(lowestlifecyclecost),operable,supportable,sustainable,transportable,andenvironmentallysound.在某些情形下，将需要使用物流支持性分析（LSA）的精细过程来识别每个物流支持要素的任务I