2026年陕西省人教版初中英语第10单元同步练习题

2026年陕西省人教版初中英语第10单元同步练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinUnit10,whatisthemainreasonwhymanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjects?A.Becausesciencesubjectsareeasierthanothersubjects.B.Becausesciencesubjectscanhelpthemunderstandtheworldbetter.C.Becausesciencesubjectsaremoreinterestingthanartsubjects.D.Becausesciencesubjectshavemorejobopportunitiesinthefuture.解析：本题考查学生对单元主题“Whydopeoplechoosesciencesubjects?”的理解。正确答案为B，因为文章明确指出科学学科能帮助学生更好地理解世界，符合单元核心内容。选项A、C、D与文章主旨不符，A错误在于科学学科并非总是容易；C错误在于将科学和艺术对立；D错误在于文章未强调就业机会。干扰项设计上，A利用“easier”的迷惑性，C利用“artsubjects”的对比，D利用“jobopportunities”的常见认知，但均与文章实际表述相悖。2.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofscience?A.Sciencewillbelessimportantinthefuture.B.Sciencewillonlybeusefulforscientists.C.Sciencewillplayamoreimportantroleinsolvingproblems.D.Sciencewillchangeourdailylivesinsmallways.解析：本题考查学生对单元阅读材料中关于科学未来作用的推断能力。正确答案为C，文章提到科学在解决全球性问题（如气候变化、健康问题）中的关键作用。A错误，文章强调科学的重要性；B错误，文章指出科学影响所有人；D错误，文章强调的是重大影响而非微小改变。干扰项设计上，A利用“lessimportant”的否定干扰，B利用“onlyforscientists”的狭隘认知，D利用“smallways”的细节误导。3.Howdoesthepassagedescribetheroleofexperimentsinscience?A.Experimentsarejustforfuninscienceclass.B.Experimentshelpscientiststesttheirideas.C.Experimentsaretheonlywaytolearnscience.D.Experimentsaremoreimportantthanreadingbooks.解析：本题考查学生对实验在科学研究中作用的把握。正确答案为B，文章明确指出实验是验证科学假设的重要方法。A错误，实验具有严肃性；C错误，科学学习方式多样；D错误，实验与阅读同等重要。干扰项设计上，A利用“fun”的轻松化误导，C利用“only”的绝对化干扰，D利用“moreimportant”的比较误导。4.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Totellstoriesaboutfamousscientists.B.Topersuadestudentstostudyscience.C.Toexplainhowscienceworks.D.Todescribethehistoryofscience.解析：本题考查学生对作者写作意图的判断。正确答案为B，文章通过列举科学的价值和案例，激发学生对科学的兴趣。A错误，文章未涉及科学家故事；C错误，文章未系统解释科学原理；D错误，文章未涉及科学史。干扰项设计上，A利用“stories”的文学化误导，C利用“howitworks”的技术化干扰，D利用“history”的学术化误导。5.Accordingtothepassage,whydosomestudentsfindsciencedifficult?A.Becausesciencesubjectshavetoomanyformulas.B.Becausesciencesubjectsarenotinteresting.C.Becausesciencesubjectsrequirethinkingandexperiments.D.Becausesciencesubjectsaretoodifferentfromothersubjects.解析：本题考查学生对单元中关于科学学习难度的理解。正确答案为C，文章指出科学需要逻辑思维和动手实践。A错误，公式只是部分科学学科的特点；B错误，文章强调科学有趣；D错误，科学与其他学科有联系。干扰项设计上，A利用“formulas”的细节误导，B利用“notinteresting”的普遍认知，D利用“differentfrom”的比较误导。6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenscienceandtechnology?A.Scienceandtechnologyarecompletelyseparate.B.Sciencehelpstechnologydevelop.C.Technologyhelpssciencemakeprogress.D.Scienceandtechnologyhavenoconnection.解析：本题考查学生对科学和技术关系的理解。正确答案为B，文章提到科学发现推动技术革新。A错误，两者相互影响；C错误，文章未强调技术对科学的反作用；D错误，两者紧密相关。干扰项设计上，A利用“separate”的绝对化干扰，C利用“technologyhelps”的对称误导，D利用“noconnection”的否定误导。7.Howdoesthepassagedescribetheimportanceofscienceindailylife?A.Scienceisonlyimportantforscientists.B.Sciencehelpsussolveeverydayproblems.C.Sciencemakesourlivesmorecomplicated.D.Scienceisonlyusefulinthefuture.解析：本题考查学生对科学在日常生活中的作用的把握。正确答案为B，文章举例说明科学改善生活（如手机、医疗）。A错误，科学影响所有人；C错误，科学简化生活；D错误，科学即时有用。干扰项设计上，A利用“onlyforscientists”的狭隘认知，C利用“complicated”的负面化误导，D利用“onlyinthefuture”的延迟化误导。8.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardscienceinthispassage?A.Theauthorthinksscienceisboring.B.Theauthorisneutralaboutscience.C.Theauthorisinterestedinscience.D.Theauthorisangryaboutscience.解析：本题考查学生对作者情感态度的判断。正确答案为C，文章充满对科学的积极描述。A错误，文章强调科学有趣；B错误，作者态度明显倾向积极；D错误，文章无负面情绪。干扰项设计上，A利用“boring”的普遍误解，B利用“neutral”的中立化干扰，D利用“angry”的负面化误导。9.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestwaytolearnscience?A.Toreadsciencebooksallday.B.Towatchsciencevideosonly.C.Todoexperimentsandthinkaboutthem.D.Tomemorizesciencefactswithoutunderstanding.解析：本题考查学生对科学学习方法的理解。正确答案为C，文章强调实践和思考结合。A错误，阅读需结合其他方法；B错误，视频只是辅助；D错误，科学需理解而非死记。干扰项设计上，A利用“allday”的极端化误导，B利用“only”的绝对化干扰，D利用“memorize”的死记硬背误导。10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofscienceeducation?A.Scienceeducationwillbecomelessimportant.B.Scienceeducationwillfocusonlyonexams.C.Scienceeducationwillincludemorehands-onactivities.D.Scienceeducationwillbethesameasitisnow.解析：本题考查学生对科学教育未来趋势的推断。正确答案为C，文章提倡实验和实践活动。A错误，文章强调教育重要性；B错误，文章反对应试教育；D错误，文章主张改革。干扰项设计上，A利用“lessimportant”的否定干扰，B利用“onlyonexams”的应试化误导，D利用“sameasnow”的保守化误导。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Thepassagementionsthatmanystudentschoosesciencesubjectsbecausetheywantto______theworldaroundthem.2.Scientistsuseexperimentsto______theirideasandseeiftheyarecorrect.3.Thepassagesaysthatsciencecanhelpussolveproblemslike______andpollution.4.Accordingtothepassage,somestudentsfindsciencedifficultbecausetheydonotliketo______ortrynewthings.5.Theauthorbelievesthatscienceeducationshouldincludemore______sostudentscanlearnbydoing.6.Thepassagementionsthatscienceandtechnologyareclosely______becausesciencehelpstechnologydevelop.7.Onestudentinthepassagethinksscienceisinterestingbecauseithelpsusunderstandhowthings______.8.Theauthorsuggeststhatthebestwaytolearnscienceisto______andthinkaboutwhathappens.9.Thepassagementionsthatsciencecanhelpusmakeourlives______andhealthier.10.Theauthorbelievesthatscienceisimportantbecauseitcanhelpus______thefuture.解析：11.explore（文章提到“exploretheworld”）12.test（文章提到“testtheirideas”）13.climatechange（文章提到“climatechange”）14.think（文章提到“donotliketothink”）15.experiments（文章提到“hands-onactivities”）16.connected（文章提到“scienceandtechnologyareconnected”）17.work（文章提到“howthingswork”）18.doexperiments（文章提到“doexperiments”）19.better（文章提到“betterlives”）20.change（文章提到“changethefuture”）三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagesaysthatsciencesubjectsareeasierthanothersubjects.2.Accordingtothepassage,scienceisonlyusefulforscientists.3.Theauthorbelievesthatscienceeducationshouldfocusonlyonexams.4.Thepassagementionsthatsciencecanhelpussolveproblemslikepollution.5.Scientistsuseexperimentstohavefuninscienceclass.6.Theauthorthinksthatscienceisimportantbecauseitcanmakeourlivesbetter.7.Thepassagesaysthatscienceandtechnologyarecompletelyseparate.8.Accordingtothepassage,thebestwaytolearnscienceistoreadbooksallday.9.Theauthorbelievesthatscienceeducationshouldincludemorehands-onactivities.10.Thepassagementionsthatscienceisonlyusefulinthefuture.解析：11.×（文章未比较科学与其他学科难度）12.×（文章指出科学对所有人有用）13.×（文章反对应试教育）14.√（文章提到“pollution”）15.×（实验目的是验证假设，非娱乐）16.√（文章强调科学改善生活）17.×（文章指出科学和技术相关）18.×（文章提倡实验和思考）19.√（文章支持实践活动）20.×（文章强调科学即时有用）四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtothepassage,whydomanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjects?2.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofscience?3.Howdoesthepassagedescribetheroleofexperimentsinscience?4.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?5.Accordingtothepassage,whydosomestudentsfindsciencedifficult?6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenscienceandtechnology?7.Howdoesthepassagedescribetheimportanceofscienceindailylife?8.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardscienceinthispassage?解析：9.Manystudentschoosesciencesubjectsbecausetheywanttoexploretheworldaroundthem,understandhowthingswork,andsolveproblems.Thepassagementionsthatsciencesubjectscanhelpstudentsunderstandtheworldbetterandmaketheirlivesbetterandhealthier.10.Thepassagesuggeststhatsciencewillplayamoreimportantroleinsolvingproblemsinthefuture.Itwillhelpusdealwithissueslikeclimatechangeandimproveourdailylives.11.Thepassagedescribesexperimentsasawayforscientiststotesttheirideasandseeiftheyarecorrect.Experimentsareimportantbecausetheyprovideevidencetosupportorrejectscientifictheories.12.Theauthor'smainpurposeistopersuadestudentstostudyscience.Thepassageusesexamplesandpositivedescriptionstoshowthevalueofscienceandencouragestudentstochooseitasasubject.13.Somestudentsfindsciencedifficultbecausetheydonotliketothinkortrynewthings.Thepassagementionsthatsciencerequireslogicalthinkingandhands-onactivities,whichsomestudentsmaynotenjoyorbepreparedfor.14.Thepassagesuggeststhatscienceandtechnologyarecloselyconnectedbecausesciencehelpstechnologydevelop.Scientificdiscoveriesoftenleadtonewtechnologiesthatimproveourlives.15.Thepassagedescribesscienceasimportantindailylifebecauseithelpsussolveeverydayproblemsandmakesourlivesbetter.Examplesincludemedicaladvances,technology,andenvironmentalsolutions.16.Theauthorisinterestedinscienceandbelievesitisimportant.Thepassageiswritteninapositiveandencouragingtone,highlightingthebenefitsandexcitementofstudyingscience.五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyouareastudentwhowantstolearnmoreaboutscience.Whatstepswouldyoutaketoimproveyourscienceskills?2.Imagineyouareateacher.Howwouldyoumakescienceclassmoreinterestingforstudents?3.Whydoyouthinkitisimportantforstudentstostudysciencesubjects?4.Howcansciencehelpussolveproblemslikeclimatechange?5.Whataresomeexamplesofhowsciencehasimprovedourdailylives?6.Ifyoucouldinventsomethingusingscience,whatwoulditbeandwhy?解析：7.Toimprovescienceskills,Iwouldreadsciencebooks,watchsciencevideos,doexperimentsathome,andaskteachersquestions.Iwouldalsojoinscienceclubstolearnfromothersandparticipateinsciencefairstoshowmyprojects.8.Asateacher,Iwouldmakescienceclassmoreinterestingbyusingexperiments,videos,andreal-worldexamples.Iwouldalsoencouragestudentstoexploresciencetopicstheyarepassionateaboutandorganizefieldtripstosciencemuseumsorlabs.9.Itisimportantforstudentstostudysciencesubjectsbecausetheyhelpusunderstandtheworld,solveproblems,anddevelopcriticalthinkingskills.Sciencealsoopensdoorstomanycareeropportunitiesandimprovesourdailylives.10.Sciencecanhelpsolveclimatechangebydevelopingrenewableenergysources,improvingenergyefficiency,andcreatingnewtechnologiestoreducepollution.Scientistscanalsostudyclimatepatternstopredictandmitigatetheeffectsofclimatechange.11.Sciencehasimprovedourdailylivesinmanyways,suchasmedicaladvances(vaccines,surgeries),technology(smartphones,computers),andenvironmentalsolutions(recycling,cleanenergy).Sciencealsohelpsusunderstandandtreatdiseases,makingourliveshealthier.12.IfIcouldinventsomethingusingscience,Iwouldinventaportabledevicethatcanpurifywateranywhere.Thiswouldhelppeopleinareaswithoutcleanwaterandimprovepublichealth.Sciencecansolvereal-worldproblemsandmakeabigdifferenceinpeople'slives.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.C3.B4.B5.C6.B7.B8.C9.C10.C二、填空题1.explore2.test3.climatechange4.think5.experiments6.connected7.work8.doexperiments9.better10.change三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.×6.√7.×8.×9.√10.×四、简答题1.Manystudentschoosesciencesubjectsbecausetheywanttoexploretheworld,understandhowthingswork,andsolveproblems.Sciencehelpsstudentsunderstandtheworldbetterandimprovetheirlives.2.Sciencewillplayamoreimportantroleinthefuturebysolvingproblemslikeclimatechangeandimprovingdailylife.Scientificdiscoverieswillleadtonewtechnologiesandsolutions.3.Experimentsareawayforscientiststotesttheirideasandseeiftheyarecorrect.Theyprovideevidencetosupportorrejectscientifictheoriesandareimportantforscientificprogress.4.Theauthor'spurposeistopersuadestudentstostudyscience.Thepassageusespositivedescriptionsandexamplestoshowthevalueofscienceandencouragestudentstochooseit.5.Somestudentsfindsciencedifficultbecausetheydonotliketothinkortrynewthings.Sciencerequireslogicalthinkingandhands-onactivities,whichsomestudentsmaynotenjoyorbe