人教版九年级英语上册 Unit2 课时1 Section A 1a-2d分层作业

Unit2InspiringPeople

课时1SectionA(la-2d)分层作业

9作业导航

核心知识速记I01基础达标核能力提升I03拓展培优I04思维进阶

核心知识速记

词汇

inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；admirev.钦佩；赞赏historiann.历史学家

researchern.研究人员chemistn.化学家physicistn.物理学家

hungern.饥饿chemistryn.化学calendarn.日历

discoveryn.发现centuryn.世纪woundedadj.受伤的

spreadn.传播；散布；v.Britishadj.英国的；英

airwayn.(飞机的)航线；航路

(spread,spread)传播；散布国人的；:n.英国人

nationn.国家；民族soldiern.士兵diseasen.疾病

doresearchonfanning

pioneern.先5区；先锋dropoutofschool辍学

做农业研究

句型

LIreallyadmireYuanLongping.Itwasgrealofhimindevelopanewkindofriceandhelpreducehunger.我真的彳艮

钦佩袁隆平。他培育出新品种水稻、帮助减少饥饿，太了不起了。

2.-Whodoyouadmirethemost?你最钦佩的人是谁？

-Forme,ithastobeIsambardBrunel,afamousEnglishengineer.对我来说，一定是伊桑巴德•布鲁内尔，一位著

名的英国工程师。

3.1amreallyinspiredbyFlorenceNightingale.（我真的被弗洛伦斯•南丁格尔所鼓舞。）

4.Itwasamazingthathedidscientificresearchinphysicsandchemistryeventhoughhedidn'treceiveaformal

education、尽管他没有受过正规教育，但他却在物理和化学领域进行科学研究，这太令人惊叹了。）

5.5wasdifficultforwomentodothatkindofworkbackinthosedays.（在那些日子里，女性做那种工作是很困难

的。）

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基础达标_

一、单词默写。

1._______/'aedmorabl/adj.令人钦佩的2.________/od'maio(r)/v.钦佩：赞赏

3.__________/histo：rian/n.历史学家4._______/ri'S3：tfMr)/n.研究人员

5,________/'kemist/n.化学家6._______/'flzisisi/n.物理学家

7.________/'hArjgo(r)/n.饥饿8.________/1kaelindo(r)/n.日历

9.________/di'skAvan/n.发现10.________Csent/sn/n.世纪

11./'wu：ndid/adj.受伤的；负伤的12./'sould3s(r)/n.上兵

13..________/'neifn/n.国家；民族14.________/spred/n.传播；散布v.传播；散布

15..________/di'zi：z/n.疾病16..________/,pala'nia(r)/n.先驱；先锋

17..________/'kemistri/n.化学

【答案】1.admirable2,admire3.historian4.researcher5,chemist6.physicist7.hunger8.calendcir9.discovery

lO.cenlury11.wounded12.soldier13.nadon14.spread15.diseaseI6.pioneer17.chemistry

二、词组默写。

1.帮助减少饥饿________________________2.做农业研究________________________

3.最钦佩________________________4.研发一种新型水稻________________________

5.辍学________________________6.阻止疾病传播________________________

7.在做某事中发挥重要作用8.永不放弃________________________

9.接受正规教育________________________10.被某人激励________________________

【答案】I.helpreducehunger2.doresearchonfarming3.admirethemost4.developanewkindofrice

5.dropoutofschool6.stopthespreadofdiseases7.playabigpartin(doing)sth.

8.nevergiveup9.receiveaformaleducation10.beinspiredbysb.

三、汉语提示填空题

1.他帮助减少了饥饿，我们都很钦佩他。

Hehelps,andwealladmirehim.

2.她在医学领域做出了重要发现。

Sheimportantinmedicine.

3.他早年辍学，但是从未放弃学习。

Heatanearlyage,buthenevergaveuplearning.

4.我们应该阻止疾病的传播。

Weshouldtheofdiseases.

5.他在这个项目中发挥了重要作压。

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Heabiginthisproject.

6.很多孩子不能接受正规教育。

Manychildrencan'taeducation.

7.我最钦佩的人是我的母亲。

ThepersonItheismymother.

8.迈克尔・法拉第抓住每一个机会学习，真是太棒了。

liwasMichaelFaradaytofindeverychancetostudy.

9.在那时，女性学习科学是很困难的。

I：waswomentostudyscienceatthatlime.

10.他没接受正规教育却取得如此大的成就，太了不起了。

Itwasheachievedsomuchwithoutformaleducation.

【答案】1.reducehunger2.made;discoveries3.droppedoutofschool4.stop;spread5.played;part6.receive;

formal7.admire;most8.greatof9.difficultfor10.amazingthat

02能力提升

四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

I.YuanLongpingisoneofthegreatest(science)inChina.Hedevelopedanewkindofrice.

2.Betterfarmingwayscanhelpreduce(hungry)inpoorareas.

3.Itwasgreatofhim(help)peopleinneed.

4.Hedroppedoutofschoolbutnevergaveup(study).

5.Weshouldbe(inspire)bythesegreatpeople.

【答案】l.scientisis2.hunger3.tohelp4.studying5.inspired

五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空[每词限用一次)。

adviseanywaybreakcompetefearhistoryholditrisksatisfysuggestionwho

"Nothingisimpossible;theword]saysTmpossible'."AudreyIlepburn,theBritishactressandstarof

thesilverscreen,saidthis.However,(herearealwaysdoubtsandworries2usback.Howcanwefacethem

andmakeitthrough?

TherunnerSuBingtiangivesanexcellentanswertothisquestion.Theyoungmanbeganhissportinglifein

2(X16.Atthattime,Asiansfounditreallydifficult3the10-secondbarrier(关卡)inthe100-meterrace.Su

(rainedhardandquicklybecameoneofthefastestrunnersinAsia.In2011,heran(heracein10.16seconds.

However,Suwasn't4Toruninunder10seconds,in2014,hechangedhisstartingleg.Thiswasavery

5_decision.Hehadtostartfromzero.Atfirst,hewasslowerthanbefore.Also,attheageof25,he6thathe

wouldendhiscareerjustlikemanyotherrunners.Peopledoubtedhisdecision.Sukeptfighting7.Hetriedhis

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besttoovercomethedifficultiesoneafteranother.

Subecameoneof8ninnersintheworldthroughhishardwork.In2015,heclocked9.99secondsandseta

9record.NoonecouldeverrunsofastinAsiabefore.In2021,hefinishedin9.83secondsat(heTokyo

Olympics.HealsobecamethefirstChineseathletetorunintheOlympic100-meterfinal.

Nothingisimpossibleaslongasyoutryandeverystepcounts.SuBingtiantoldyoungsters,t4Neverletyourage

stopyou.Haveatryandtryharder.Ibelieveyoucanwriteyourownstory."10trieshisbestcanbea

Superman!

【答案】

1.itself2.holding3.tobreak4.satisfied5.risky6.feared7.anyway8.themost

competitive9.historic10.Whoever

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以奥黛丽•赫本的名言引入，提出如何面对疑虑与担忧的问题，并以中国

短跑运动员苏炳添克服年龄、技术重构等巨大挑战，最终成为世界顶级选手并创造亚洲历史的故事，完美

诠释了“全力以赴，一切皆有可能’的主题。

I.句意:“没有什么是不可能的；这个词本身就在说‘我足可能的”根据"theword...says”可知，空格需指

代前面的"theword(impossible)”,应用反身代词itself,起强调作用。故填itself。

2.句意:然而，总会有疑虑和担忧阻碍着我们。根据“doubtsandworries...usback”可知,holdback”阻碍,

阻止”；此处为现在分词短语holdingback作后置定语，修饰doubtsandworrieso故填holding。

3.句意：那时，亚洲人发现要在100米比赛中突破10秒大关真的很难。根据"founditreallydifficult.Jhe

10-secondbarrier”可知，breakthebarrier”突破关卡”；句子使用“findit+adj.+todosth.”结构。故填tobreako

4.句意:然而，苏并不满足。根据"Suwasnt..”及后文他寻求突破可知，他对自己已有的成绩不满足；be

satisfied“感到满意的"。故填satisfiedo

5.句意：这是一个非常冒险的决定。根据"hechangedhisstartingleg.Thiswasavery...decision”及备选词汇

可知，这是一个冒险的决定，空格修饰名词decision,应用形容词；risk“冒险”的形容词形式为risky”冒险

的”。故填risky。

6.句意：而且，在25岁时，他担心自己会像许多其他跑步者一样结束职业生涯。根据“he...thatheendhis

career”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是他担心会结束职业生涯。空格是谓语动词，描述过去心理，应用一般

过去时；fear“害怕，担心”,后接宾语从句,过去式为feared。故填feared。

7.句意：苏炳添无论如何都继续奋斗着。根据“Sukeptfighting.,.”可知，空格修饰整个动词短语，应用副

词；anyway“无论如何”，表示不顾前述困难。故填anyway。

8.句意：通过努力，苏炳添成为了此界上最具竞争力的跑步者之一。根据“oneof...runnersintheworld”可

知，空格处需用形容词最高级修饰runners；备选词compete的形容词形式为competitive”有竞争力的"，最

高级为themostcompetitive,此处指的是最具有竞争力的，故填themostcompetitiveo

9.句意：2015年，他跑出了9.99秒，并创造了一项历史性的纪录。根据“seta...record”可知，空格位于不

定冠词a和名词record之间，应用形容词修饰record：history的形容词形式historic意为“有历史意义的，

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历史性的“，符合他首次突破10秒大关的语境。故填historic。

10.句意：任何尽全力的人都能成为超人!根据”...trieshisbestcanbeaSuperman!”可知,空格引导一个主

语从句，且在从句中作主语tries的主语；Whoever(=Anyonewho)引导名词性从句，意为“任何...的人”,

符合语法和句意。故填Whoever。

拓展培优

六、阅读还原。

ManyofyoumayhaveheardofTiangongKaiwu.IButhowmuchdoyouknowaboutitswriter,Song

Yingxing?

SongwasanexcellentscientistduringthelateMingdynasty.2Hehadahappychildhood.Heandhis

brotherSongYingshengwenttoschooltogether.Bothofthemwereverysmart.Songwonthirdplacewhilehis

bro：herwonsixthin（heprovincialimperialexamination（科举考试）.Later,Songandhisbrothertookthenational

imperialexamination,buttheybothfailed.104

Songworkedasateacherformanyyears.Atthesametime,hepreparedforthenationalimperial

examinationsixtimes.3Onhisseveraltripstothecapitaltotaketheexams,however,helearntaboutthe

differenttechnologiesthatwerebeingusedindifferentfields.Hispracticalexperiencesandwideknowledgehelped

hiircreateTiangongKaiwuinthe1630s.

4Theexplanationsaboutthesetechnologiesandtoolsareclearanddetailed.Therearealsomany

illustrations（插图）tohelpwiththeunderstandingofthetext.Theencyclopaediabecamepopularsoonafterit

cameout.

A.Unluckily,heneverbecamesuccessful.

B.Thebookcoversmorethan130productiontechnologiesandtools.

C.Oneday,thegoodnewscametothetwobrothers.

D.Hewasbornintoacommonfamilyin1587.

E.ItisoneofthegreatesttechnologicalencyclopaediaswritteninChinese.

F.Theyhadnochoicebuttotakeupjobsofferedbythegovernment.

【答案】1.E2.D3.F4.A5.B

【导语】本文介绍科技巨著《天工开物》及其作者宋应星的生平经历、科考历程与著书背景，体现其成就

价值。

1.根据“ManyofyoumayhaveheardofTiangong可知，前文提及《天工开物》，此处需要介绍这本

书的地位，E选项“它是用中文写成的最伟大的科技百科全书之一”是对该书的评价，与上下文衔接紧密，

故选Eo

2.根据"SongwasanexcellentscientistduringthelateMingdynasty.”以及“Hehadahappychildhood.“可知,

此处是介绍宋应星的出身背景，D选项“他于1587年出生在一个普通家庭”符合人物介绍的逻辑顺序，故选

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Do

3.根据"Later,Songandhisbrothertookthenationalimperialexamination,buttheybothfailed.”nJ知，兄弟二

人科举落榜后需要另谋出路，F选项“他们别无选择，只能接受政府提供的职位”承接前文的失败结果，故

选Fo

4.根据“Atthesametime,hepreparedfbrthenationalimperialexaminationsixtimes.”可知,宋应星多次备考

科举，此处应说明结果，A选项“不幸的是，他从未成功过”点明其科举失利的结局，故选A。

5.根据“Theexplanationsaboutthesetechnologiesandtoolsarcclearanddetailed.”可知,此处是介绍《天工开

物》的内容，B选项“这本书涵盖了130多种生产技术和工具”引出后文对书中内容的详细说明，故选

七、阅读理解。

HuaLuogengwasbomin1910inJiangsuProvince.Hisfamilywaspoor—hisfatherwasafarmer,andhis

motherdidhousework.WhenHuawas15,hehadtodropoutofschoolbecausehisfamilycouldn'taffordthe

tuition（学费）.Buthedidn'tstoplearningmath—heborrowedbooksfromfriendsandstudiedonhisown.

Oneday,Huafoundamistakeinamathbook.Hewrotealettertotheauthor,explainingthemistakeclearly.

Theauthorwassurprised—a19-year-oldboywhodidn'tfinishhighschoolfoundamistakeinacollegetextbook!

TheauthorinvitedIhiatostudyathisuniversity,butHuarefiised.Hesaid,"Ineedtostaywithmyfamilyandhelp

them.Instead,hegotajobatamiddleschoolandtaughtmathwhilecontinuinghisownstudies.

In1930,Huapublishedhisfirstmathpaper.ThepapercaughttheattentionofProfessorXiongQinglai—a

fair.ousmathematician.ProfessorXionginvitedHuatoworkatTsinghuaUniversity.AlTsinghua,Huadidn'thave

aformaldegree,butheworkedharderthananyoneelse.Hereadhundredsofmathbooksandwrotemanypapers.

Soon,hebecameateacheratTsinghua—eventhoughhehadnevergonetocollege.

HuaLuogengdiedin1985,buthisspiritliveson.Heshowedthatnomatterhowpooryouareorhowmany

difficultiesyouface,youcanachieveyourdreamsifyoukeeplearningandworkinghard.

1.WhendidHuaLuogengdropoutofschool?

A.In1910.B.In1925.C.In1929.D.In1930.

2.HowdidHuagetthechancetoworkatTsinghuaUniversity?

A.Hefoundamistakeinauniversity'smathbook.

B.HewroteanimportantlettertoProfessorXiong.

C.HisfirstmathpaperattractedXiong'sattention.

D.Hegraduatedfromafamouscollegesuccessfully.

3.WhichoneisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Huataughthimselfmathafterdroppingoutofschool.

B.Huafoundamistakeinamathbookafterhefinishedhighschool.

C.Huapublishedhisfirstmathpaperwhenhewastwenty.

D.Huadidn'thaveaformal（iegreeatTsinghua.

4.WhatcanwelearnfromlluaLuogeng7sstory?

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A.Povertycanslopapersonfromachievingdreams.

B.Formaleducationistheonlywaytosuccess.

C.Hardworkandloveforknowledgecanleadtosuccess.

D.Mathistoodifficultformostpeopletolearn.

5.Whereisthispassagemostprobablyfrom?

A.AreportonTsinghuaUniversity.

B.Astorybookaboutmath.

C.Awebsiteaboutstudy.

D.Amagazineaboutgreatpeople.

【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.C5.D

【导语】本文讲述了数学家华罗庚的生平：出身贫寒辍学后自学数学，发现教材错误、发表论文后被清华

邀请，最终凭借努力成为清华教师，展现了他勤奋好学的精神。

I.细节理解题。根据“Huawasbcmin1910...WhenHuawas15,hehadtodropoutofschool”可矢L

1910+15=1925,他1925年辍学。故选B。

2.细节理解题。根据“In1930,Huapublishedhisfirstmathpaper.ThepapercaughttheattentionofProfessor

XiongQinglai...ProfessorXionginvitedHuatoworkatTsinghuaUniversity”可知，他的第一篇数学论文吸引了

熊庆来教授的注意，从而获得了在清华工作的机会。故选C。

3.细节判断题。根据"a19-year-oldboywhodidn'tfinishhighsclioolfoundamistakeinacollegetextbook“可

知，华罗庚没读完高中，B选项“他读完高中后发现教材错误”表述错误。故选B。

4.推理判断题。文章通过华罗庚的经历（辍学后自学、努力研究）说明：勤奋和对知识的热爱能带来成

功。故选C。

5.推理判断题。本文是介绍伟大人物华罗庚的生平事迹，因此最可能来自介绍伟人的杂志。故选D。

八、完形填空。

Manypeopleenjoydancing.Someofthem,however,dancein]places.YangLiu,aninheritor（继承人）

ofbamboodrifting（独竹漂），callsabamboopoleherstage.

Bamboodriftinghasa2of2,000years.Inancienttimes,itwasameansoftransportationbywhichthe

localpeoplewould3therivers.Now,ithasdevelopedintoafolksport.

Yang4tolearndriftingattheageofseven.Thegirlwasbornwithaweak5.Inordertokeepher

fit,hergrandmotherintroducedher（obamboodrifting.Learningthistraditionalskill,however,isnoteasy.The

bamboopoleisslimandslippery.Anditisneverstill.Yangfellintothewaterand6againandagain.Butwith

encouragementfromherfamilyandalovefbrthis“coolskill"，thegirldidn'tgiveup.Shethrewherselfinto

practicingbamboodriftingallyearround,eveninthewintercoldandthe7heat.Afterthreeyearsofhard

practice,shecould8keepherbalance（平衡）onthebamboopole.

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ButYangdidn't9there.Tomakesinglebamboodriftingmoreattractivetothepublic,shecameupwith

theideaofdancingonabamboopole.Shewentontopracticemanydifficultmovementsonherbamboopole—and

sufferedthephysicalpainthatcamealongwithit.

Now,Yanghasmadeanameforherself10adanceronabamboopole."Ihopethatmorepeoplecan

knowaboutbamboodriftingandenjoythisformofart,^^saidYang.

1.A.freeB.quietC.unusualD.crowded

2.A.historyB.partnerC.problemD.shape

3.A.watchB.crossC.polluteD.smoke

4.A.startedB.failedC.hatedD.know

5.A.smileB.voiceC.bodyD.head

6.A.gotlostB.gotdrunkC.gotinjuredD.gotup

7.A.springB.summerC.autumnD.winter

8.A.finallyB.hardlyC.probablyD.nearly

9.A.slopB.rememberC.reachD.encourage

10,A.onB.asC.byD.of

【答案】

1.C2.A3.B4.A5.C6.C7.B8.A9.A10.B

【导语】本文主要讲述了独竹漂继承人杨柳克服先天身体弱势，刻苦练习独竹漂技艺，并在竹竿上跳舞，

让更多人了解这门艺术的励志故事。

1.句意：然而，有些人会在不寻常的地方跳舞。

free自由的;quiet安静的;unusual不寻常的；crowded拥挤的。根据“YangLiu...callsabamboopoleher

stage”可知，杨柳把竹竿当成舞台，这显然是一个不寻常的跳舞场所。故选C。

2.句意：独竹漂已有2000年的历史。

history历史；partner伙伴；problem问题；shape形状。根据“of2,000years”以及“Inancienttimes”可知，此

处在介绍独竹漂悠久的历史。故选A。

3.句意：在古代，它是当地人渡河的一种交通工具。

watch观看；cross越过，渡过：pollute污染；smoke吸烟。根据"ameansoftransportation”以及“therivers”可

知，交通工具的作用是帮助人们渡过河流。故选B。

4.句意：杨柳在七岁时开始学习独竹漂。

started开始：failed失败；hated讨厌；know知道。根据“Yang...tolearndriftingattheageofseven.”以及“her

grandmotherintroducedhertobamboodrifting”可知，七岁是她接触并着手学习这项技能的时间点。starttodo

sth.意为“开始做某事”。故选Ao

5.句意：这个女孩天生身体虚弱。

smile微笑；voice声音；body身体；head头。根据“Inordertokeepherfit”可知，她之前的身体状况是虚弱

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的。故选c。

6.句意：杨柳一次次掉进水里，一次次受伤。

gotlost迷路；gotdrunk喝醉；gotinjured受伤；gotup起床。根据"su迷redthephysicalpain”可知,她在练

习中遭受了身体上的疼痛，结合语境"fellintothewater…againandagain”可知，她不仅落水，还多次受伤。

故选C。

7.句意：她全身心投入到独竹漂的练习中，全年无休，哪怕是在寒冬酷暑。

spring春天；summer夏天;autumn秋天;winter冬天。根据"eveninthewintercold...heat”可知,此处是用

“冬天的冷''和"夏天的热''形成对比，表示一年四季风雨无阻。故选B。

8.句意：经过三年的刻苦练习，她终于能在竹竿上保持平衡了。

finally终于；hardly几乎不；probably可能；nearly几乎。根据"ARcrthreeyearsofhardpractice”可知,经过

长达三年的努力，最终达到了目标。故选A。

9.句意：但杨柳并没有止步于此。

stop停止；remember记得；reach到达；encourage鼓励。根据"ButYangdidn't...there.Tomakesingle

bamboodriftingmoreattractive...shecameupwiththeideaofdancing…”可知，她在学会保持平衡后，没有就

此停止，而是进一步想出了在竹竿上跳舞的新点子。故选A。

10.句意：如今，杨柳已经作为“竹竿上的舞者”而出名。

on在...上面；as作为；by通过；of........的。根据“Yanghasmadeanamefbrherself...adancer”可知，她现

在的身份是作为一名舞者被大家熟知。短语makeanameforoneselfas…,意为”作为...而成名“。故选B。

04思维进阶

Pan1:ReadandExplore

IeohMingPeiwasaworld-fairousChinese-bornAmericanarchitect.Hedevotedhislifetoarchitectureand

createdmanygreatworksthatarelovedbypeopleallover（heworld.Hisslorylellsusthatpassionandhardwork

canmakegreatachievements.IeohMingPei,aChinese-bornAmericanarchilecl（建筑师）,diedattheageof102

inMay2019.Peiwasborninarichfamilyin1917.Hisfatherwasabankerandhismotherwasanartist.Although

hedidn'tspeakEnglish,hechosetogotouniversityintheUnitedStatesin1935.HestudiedarchitectureatMIT

andHarvardUniversity.Pcisetuphisownarchitecturalcompany（公司）inNewYorkin1955.

Althoughheworkedmostlyin:heUnitedStatesofAmerica,Peiwillalwaysberememberedfora（n）European

project—thelargeglasspyramid（金字塔）infrontoftheLouvre（卢浮宫）MuseuminParis.

PeiwasthefirstforeignarchitecttoworkontheLouvrepyramid.Inthebeginningtheglasspyramidwas

widelydisliked.Butintheend.theFrenchwerewonover,andnowi:isconsideredoneofthebestpiecesof

architectureintheworld.

ActuallyPcicreatedgreatworksindifferentcitiesallovertheworld.Hemadealotofresearchforeach

project—hestudieditsuseandconnectedittotheenvironment.Hewasalsointerestedinarchitectureasart,and

theeffect（效果）hecouldcreate.

“SometimesIsimplywanttogivepeoplepleasureinbeinginaspaceandwalkingaroundit,“thearchitect