2022年上半年新疆维吾尔自治区医护英语水平考试METS二级模拟真题

2022年上半年新疆维吾尔自治区医护英语水平考试METS二级模拟练习题听力部分（共三大题，30小题，计30分）第一部分：对话理解（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）说明：在这部分试题中，你将听到15段简短对话。每段对话后有一个问题，每个问题都有A、B、C三个选项。请你从三个选项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。每段对话读两遍。1.听力原文：M:Doctor,I'vebeenhavingtroublesleepingatnight.W:Howlonghasthisbeengoingon?M:Foraboutaweek.Q:Howlonghasthemanhadtroublesleeping?A.Foraboutaday.B.Foraboutaweek.C.Foraboutamonth.答案：B2.听力原文：W:Nurse,whatshouldIdotopreventtheflu?M:Youshouldkeepwarm,washyourhandsoftenandgetenoughsleep.Q:Whichofthefollowingisasuggestiontopreventthefluaccordingtothenurse?A.Eatmorejunkfood.B.Washhandsoften.C.Stayuplate.答案：B3.听力原文：M:Doctor,Ihaveapaininmyback.W:Letmeexamineyou.Haveyouliftedanythingheavyrecently?M:Yes,Imovedsomefurniturelastweek.Q:Whatmightbethecauseoftheman'sbackpain?A.Hecaughtacold.B.Hemovedsomefurniture.C.Heatetoomuch.答案：B4.听力原文：W:HowoftenshouldItakethismedicine,doctor?M:Threetimesadayaftermeals.Q:Howoftenshouldthewomantakethemedicine?A.Onceaday.B.Twiceaday.C.Threetimesaday.答案：C5.听力原文：M:Nurse,IfeeldizzyandIhaveaheadache.W:Haveyoutakenyourtemperature?M:Yes,it's38.5℃.Q:What'stheman'stemperature?A.37℃.B.38.5℃.C.39℃.答案：B6.听力原文：W:Doctor,I'mallergictopenicillin.M:OK,I'llprescribeanotherkindofantibioticforyou.Q:Whycan'tthedoctorprescribepenicillinforthewoman?A.Thewomandoesn'tlikepenicillin.B.Thewomanisallergictopenicillin.C.Penicillinisoutofstock.答案：B7.听力原文：M:Nurse,whencanIgetthetestresults?W:Youcangetthemtomorrowafternoon.Q:Whencanthemangetthetestresults?A.Tomorrowmorning.B.Tomorrowafternoon.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.答案：B8.听力原文：W:Doctor,Ihaveacoughandasorethroat.M:Openyourmouthandsay“ah”.Q:Whatdoesthedoctoraskthewomantodo?A.Closehereyes.B.Openhermouth.C.Holdherbreath.答案：B9.听力原文：M:Nurse,howshouldItakethissyrup?W:Shakeitwellbeforeuseandtake10mleachtime.Q:Whatshouldthemandobeforetakingthesyrup?A.Heatit.B.Shakeitwell.C.Diluteit.答案：B10.听力原文：W:Doctor,I'vebeenfeelingtiredallthetime.M:Doyouexerciseregularly?W:No,Idon't.Q:Whatdoesthedoctorwanttoknow?A.Ifthewomanhasafever.B.Ifthewomanexercisesregularly.C.Ifthewomaneatswell.答案：B11.听力原文：M:Nurse,Ihaveacutonmyfinger.W:Letmecleanitandputabandaidonit.Q:Whatwillthenursedofortheman?A.Givehimaninjection.B.Cleanthecutandputabandaidonit.C.TakeanXrayofhisfinger.答案：B12.听力原文：W:Doctor,I'mworriedaboutmyhighbloodpressure.M:Youneedtocontrolyourdietanddomoreexercise.Q:Whatadvicedoesthedoctorgivetothewoman?A.Takemoremedicine.B.Controldietanddomoreexercise.C.Sleepmore.答案：B13.听力原文：M:Nurse,canIdrinkalcoholwhiletakingthismedicine?W:No,youcan't.Itmaycausesomesideeffects.Q:Whycan'tthemandrinkalcoholwhiletakingthemedicine?A.Alcoholisbadforhishealth.B.Itmaycausesideeffects.C.Themedicinedoesn'tworkwithalcohol.答案：B14.听力原文：W:Doctor,Ihaveatoothache.M:Letmecheckyourteeth.Itmightbeacavity.Q:Whatmightbetheproblemwiththewoman'steeth?A.Atoothisloose.B.Thereisacavity.C.Thegumsareswollen.答案：B15.听力原文：M:Nurse,howlongshouldIstayinthehospital?W:Youneedtostayforaboutaweekforobservation.Q:Howlongdoesthemanneedtostayinthehospital?A.Foraboutthreedays.B.Foraboutaweek.C.Forabouttwoweeks.答案：B第二部分：短文理解（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）说明：在这部分试题中，你将听到2篇短文。每篇短文后有5个问题，每个问题都有A、B、C三个选项。请你从三个选项中选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。每篇短文读两遍。第一篇短文听力原文：Goodmorning,everyone.Today,I'dliketotalkaboutdiabetes.Diabetesisacommonandserioushealthproblem.Itoccurswhenthebodycan'tproperlyuseandstoresugar.Therearetwomaintypesofdiabetes:type1andtype2.Type1diabetesusuallystartsinchildhoodoradolescence.Peoplewithtype1diabetesneedtotakeinsulininjectionseveryday.Type2diabetesismorecommonandoftenoccursinadultswhoareoverweightordon'texerciseenough.Somepeoplewithtype2diabetescancontroltheirconditionthroughdietandexercise,whileothersmayneedtotakemedicineorinsulin.Symptomsofdiabetesincludeincreasedthirst,frequenturination,extremehunger,andfatigue.Ifleftuntreated,diabetescanleadtomanyseriouscomplications,suchasheartdisease,kidneydisease,andblindness.Topreventdiabetes,it'simportanttohaveahealthylifestyle.Thisincludeseatingabalanceddiet,gettingregularexercise,andmaintainingahealthyweight.1.Whatisdiabetes?A.Aproblemwiththebody'sabilitytouseandstoresugar.B.Adiseasecausedbytoomuchinsulin.C.Aconditionthatonlyaffectschildren.答案：A2.Whichtypeofdiabetesusuallystartsinchildhoodoradolescence?A.Type1diabetes.B.Type2diabetes.C.Bothtypes.答案：A3.Howdosomepeoplewithtype2diabetescontroltheircondition?A.Bytakinginsulininjectionsonly.B.Throughdietandexercise.C.Byavoidingallkindsofsugar.答案：B4.Whatarethesymptomsofdiabetes?A.Headacheandbackpain.B.Increasedthirstandfrequenturination.C.Nauseaandvomiting.答案：B5.Whatcanhappenifdiabetesisleftuntreated?A.Itwillgoawayonitsown.B.Itcanleadtoseriouscomplications.C.Itwillturnintoanotherdisease.答案：B第二篇短文听力原文：Hello,patients.I'mheretotalkaboutfirstaidknowledge.Firstaidistheimmediatecaregiventoapersonwhoisinjuredorsuddenlybecomesill.Itcansavelivesandpreventfurtherharm.Let'sstartwiththetreatmentofburns.Ifsomeonegetsaminorburn,first,cooltheburnunderrunningwaterforatleast10minutes.Thishelpstoreducepainandswelling.Then,covertheburnwithaclean,nonstickybandage.Donotusecottonwooldirectlyontheburnasitmaysticktothewound.Forapersonwhohasfainted,laythepersonontheirback.Raisetheirlegsslightlytoincreasebloodflowtothebrain.Loosenanytightclothingaroundtheneck.Ifthepersondoesn'tregainconsciousnesswithinafewminutes,callemergencyservices.Whendealingwithanosebleed,havethepersonsitupandleanforwardslightly.Pinchthenostrilstogetherforabout10minutes.Donottilttheheadbackasthismaycausethebloodtorundownthethroat.6.Whatisfirstaid?A.Thelongtermtreatmentofadisease.B.Theimmediatecarefortheinjuredorsuddenlyill.C.Thecaregiveninahospital.答案：B7.Howshouldyoutreataminorburnfirst?A.Puticeonit.B.Coolitunderrunningwater.C.Applycreamdirectly.答案：B8.Whatshouldyoudowhenapersonfaints?A.Laythepersonontheirside.B.Raisetheirlegsslightly.C.Givethemaglassofwaterimmediately.答案：B9.Howlongshouldyoupinchthenostrilswhendealingwithanosebleed?A.Forabout5minutes.B.Forabout10minutes.C.Forabout15minutes.答案：B10.Whyshouldn'tyoutilttheheadbackwhendealingwithanosebleed?A.Itmaycausethebloodtorundownthethroat.B.Itmaymakethenosebleedworse.C.Itmaycauseaheadache.答案：A第三部分：听写填空（共5小题；每小题1分，计5分）说明：在这部分试题中，你将听到一篇短文，短文中有5个空格。请根据你所听到的内容，用所听到的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。短文读两遍。听力原文：Healthyeatingisveryimportantforourwellbeing.Weshouldeatavarietyoffoodstogetallthenutrientsweneed.Fruitsandvegetablesarerichinvitaminsandminerals.Theyhelptokeepourbodystrongandhealthy.Wholegrains,suchasbrownriceandwholewheatbread,aregoodsourcesoffiber.Fibercanhelpwithdigestionandpreventconstipation.Leanproteins,likechicken,fish,andbeans,areessentialforbuildingandrepairingtissues.Weshouldalsolimitourintakeofprocessedfoods,sugarydrinks,andhighfatfoods.Thesefoodsareoftenhighincaloriesbutlowinnutrients.1.Weshouldeata________offoodstogetallthenutrientsweneed.答案：variety2.Fruitsandvegetablesarerichin________andminerals.答案：vitamins3.Wholegrainsaregoodsourcesof________.答案：fiber4.Leanproteinsareessentialforbuildingand________tissues.答案：repairing5.Weshouldlimitourintakeofprocessedfoods,sugarydrinks,and________foods.答案：highfat词汇与语法部分（共20小题；每小题1分，计20分）1.Thedoctoradvisedthepatienttoavoid________fastfood.A.eatB.toeatC.eating答案：C解析：avoid后面接动名词形式作宾语，即avoiddoingsth.，意为“避免做某事”，所以选C。2.Thenursegavethe________aninjection.A.illB.sickC.patient答案：C解析：“ill”作表语，“sick”可作定语和表语，这里需要一个表示“病人”的名词，“patient”符合题意，所以选C。3.Thenewmedicinehasfewer________thantheoldone.A.sideeffectsB.effectssideC.sideeffect答案：A解析：“sideeffect”是可数名词，意为“副作用”，这里说新药比旧药有更少的副作用，要用复数形式“sideeffects”，所以选A。4.Thedoctorexaminedthepatientcarefullyandthen________aprescription.A.wrotedownB.wroteoutC.wroteup答案：B解析：“writeout”有“开出（药方、支票等）”的意思，“writedown”是“写下，记下”，“writeup”是“详细记录，写成文章”，这里是医生开出药方，所以选B。5.Thepatientisallergic________penicillin.A.toB.withC.for答案：A解析：“beallergicto”是固定搭配，意为“对……过敏”，所以选A。6.Thenursehelpedtheoldman________thestairs.A.upB.toC.with答案：A解析：“helpsb.up”有“帮助某人上（楼梯等）”的意思，这里是护士帮助老人上楼梯，所以选A。7.Thehospitalisequipped________thelatestmedicalequipment.A.byB.withC.for答案：B解析：“beequippedwith”是固定短语，意为“配备有……，装备有……”，所以选B。8.Thedoctorsaidthatthepatientneeded________rest.A.aplentyofB.agreatdealC.plentyof答案：C解析：“plentyof”可以修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，“aplentyof”表达错误，“agreatdeal”后面要接“of”才能修饰名词，所以选C。9.Thenurseaskedthepatientto________hisshirt.A.takeoffB.takeupC.takeon答案：A解析：“takeoff”有“脱下（衣服等）”的意思，“takeup”是“拿起，开始从事”，“takeon”是“承担，呈现”，这里是让病人脱下衬衫，所以选A。10.Theoperationwasagreat________.Thepatientisrecoveringwell.A.succeedB.successC.successful答案：B解析：“a”后面要接名词，“succeed”是动词，“successful”是形容词，“success”是名词，意为“成功”，所以选B。11.Thedoctortoldthepatientto________hisdiet.A.controlB.manageC.handle答案：A解析：“controlone'sdiet”是“控制某人的饮食”，“manage”强调“管理，经营”，“handle”强调“处理，应对”，所以选A。12.Thenursemeasuredthepatient's________andfounditwasnormal.A.highB.heightC.highly答案：B解析：“measure”后面要接名词，“high”是形容词，“highly”是副词，“height”是名词，意为“身高”，所以选B。13.Thenewtreatmentmethodismore________thanthetraditionalone.A.effectB.effectiveC.effectively答案：B解析：“is”后面要接形容词作表语，“effect”是名词，“effectively”是副词，“effective”是形容词，意为“有效的”，所以选B。14.Thedoctorrecommendedthatthepatient________moreexercise.A.takesB.takeC.taking答案：B解析：“recommend”后面接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，“should”可以省略，所以选B。15.Thenursecleanedthewound________apieceofcotton.A.useB.usingC.used答案：B解析：这里用现在分词“using”作方式状语，表示护士用一块棉花清洁伤口的方式，所以选B。16.Thepatient'sconditionhas________improvedsincehetookthenewmedicine.A.significantB.significantlyC.significance答案：B解析：“improved”是动词，要用副词来修饰，“significant”是形容词，“significance”是名词，“significantly”是副词，意为“显著地”，所以选B。17.Thedoctorsaidthatthepatientneededtostayinthehospitalfor________observation.A.farB.fartherC.further答案：C解析：“further”有“进一步的，更深层次的”意思，“far”是原级，“farther”主要指距离上更远，这里是进一步观察，所以选C。18.Thenursegavethepatient________instructionsonhowtotakethemedicine.A.clearB.clearlyC.clarity答案：A解析：“instructions”是名词，要用形容词来修饰，“clearly”是副词，“clarity”是名词，“clear”是形容词，意为“清晰的”，所以选A。19.Thehospitalhasagood________forprovidinghighqualitymedicalservices.A.reputationB.reputeC.reputable答案：A解析：“haveagoodreputationfor”是固定表达，意为“因……而有好名声”，“repute”是名词，但不用于此搭配，“reputable”是形容词，所以选A。20.Thedoctoradvisedthepatienttokeep________ahealthylifestyle.A.onB.upC.to答案：C解析：“keepto”有“坚持，遵守”的意思，“keeptoahealthylifestyle”即“坚持健康的生活方式”，“keepon”是“继续做某事”，“keepup”是“保持，跟上”，所以选C。阅读理解部分（共20小题；每小题2分，计40分）第一篇Medicalrecordsareanimportantpartofapatient'shealthcarejourney.Theycontaindetailedinformationaboutapatient'smedicalhistory,includingpastillnesses,surgeries,allergies,andcurrentmedications.Theserecordshelpdoctorsmakeaccuratediagnosesanddevelopappropriatetreatmentplans.Inmodernhealthcare,electronicmedicalrecords(EMRs)arebecomingincreasinglypopular.EMRsoffermanyadvantagesovertraditionalpaperbasedrecords.Theycanbeeasilyaccessedbyauthorizedhealthcareprovidersfromdifferentlocations.Thismeansthatapatient'smedicalinformationcanbequicklyretrievedwhenneeded,evenifthepatientisseeinganewdoctororisbeingtreatedatadifferenthospital.EMRsalsoimprovetheefficiencyofhealthcaredelivery.DoctorscanuseEMRstoordertestsandmedicationsdirectly,whichreducesthetimeandpotentialforerrors.Additionally,EMRscanbeintegratedwithotherhealthcaresystems,suchaslaboratoryinformationsystemsandpharmacysystems,allowingforseamlesscommunicationanddatasharing.However,therearealsosomeconcernsassociatedwithEMRs.Oneofthemainconcernsisdatasecurity.SinceEMRsarestoredelectronically,thereisariskofunauthorizedaccess,hacking,anddatabreaches.Healthcareprovidersneedtotakestrictsecuritymeasurestoprotectpatientinformation.Anotherconcernisthepotentialfortechnicalglitchesandsystemfailures,whichcoulddisrupttheflowofhealthcareservices.1.Whatdomedicalrecordscontain?A.Onlyinformationaboutcurrentillnesses.B.Informationaboutpastillnesses,surgeries,allergies,andcurrentmedications.C.Onlyinformationaboutallergies.答案：B解析：根据文章第一段“Theycontaindetailedinformationaboutapatient'smedicalhistory,includingpastillnesses,surgeries,allergies,andcurrentmedications.”可知，医疗记录包含患者的病史、手术史、过敏史和当前用药情况等详细信息，所以选B。2.Whyareelectronicmedicalrecords(EMRs)becomingmorepopular?A.Theyarecheaperthanpaperbasedrecords.B.Theycanbeeasilyaccessedbyauthorizedhealthcareprovidersfromdifferentlocations.C.Theyaremorebeautifulthanpaperbasedrecords.答案：B解析：根据文章第二段“EMRsoffermanyadvantagesovertraditionalpaperbasedrecords.Theycanbeeasilyaccessedbyauthorizedhealthcareprovidersfromdifferentlocations.”可知，电子病历（EMRs）比传统纸质病历有很多优势，授权的医疗服务提供者可以从不同地点轻松访问，所以选B。3.HowdoEMRsimprovetheefficiencyofhealthcaredelivery?A.Doctorscanusethemtoordertestsandmedicationsdirectly.B.Theyarealwaysfreeoferrors.C.Theydon'tneedtobeintegratedwithotherhealthcaresystems.答案：A解析：根据文章第三段“DoctorscanuseEMRstoordertestsandmedicationsdirectly,whichreducesthetimeandpotentialforerrors.”可知，医生可以直接使用电子病历订购检查和药物，这减少了时间和出错的可能性，提高了医疗服务的效率，所以选A。4.WhatisoneofthemainconcernsassociatedwithEMRs?A.Theyaretooexpensive.B.Datasecurity.C.Theyaredifficulttouse.答案：B解析：根据文章第四段“Oneofthemainconcernsisdatasecurity.SinceEMRsarestoredelectronically,thereisariskofunauthorizedaccess,hacking,anddatabreaches.”可知，与电子病历相关的主要担忧之一是数据安全，所以选B。5.WhatcoulddisrupttheflowofhealthcareservicesinrelationtoEMRs?A.Technicalglitchesandsystemfailures.B.Toomanydoctorsusingthem.C.Patientsnotlikingthem.答案：A解析：根据文章第四段“Anotherconcernisthepotentialfortechnicalglitchesandsystemfailures,whichcoulddisrupttheflowofhealthcareservices.”可知，技术故障和系统故障可能会扰乱医疗服务的流程，所以选A。第二篇Obesityisamajorhealthproblemworldwide.Itisdefinedashavinganexcessiveamountofbodyfat.Obesityisoftencausedbyacombinationoffactors,includingpoordiet,lackofphysicalactivity,andgeneticfactors.Peoplewhoareobeseareatahigherriskofdevelopingmanyserioushealthconditions,suchasheartdisease,diabetes,highbloodpressure,andcertaintypesofcancer.Thesehealthproblemscansignificantlyreduceaperson'squalityoflifeandlifespan.Topreventandtreatobesity,itisimportanttoadoptahealthylifestyle.Thisincludeseatingabalanceddietthatisrichinfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andleanproteins,andlimitingtheintakeofprocessedfoods,sugarydrinks,andhighfatfoods.Regularphysicalactivityisalsocrucial.Aimforatleast150minutesofmoderateintensityaerobicexercise,suchasbriskwalking,cycling,orswimming,perweek.Insomecases,medicalinterventionmaybenecessary.Doctorsmayprescribemedicationstohelpwithweightlossorrecommendbariatricsurgeryforseverelyobesepatients.However,thesetreatmentsshouldbeusedincombinationwithlifestylechanges.6.Whatisobesity?A.Havingtoomuchmuscle.B.Havinganexcessiveamountofbodyfat.C.Beingverytall.答案：B解析：根据文章第一段“Itisdefinedashavinganexcessiveamountofbodyfat.”可知，肥胖被定义为体内脂肪过多，所以选B。7.Whatarethefactorsthatoftencauseobesity?A.Onlypoordiet.B.Poordiet,lackofphysicalactivity,andgeneticfactors.C.Onlygeneticfactors.答案：B解析：根据文章第一段“Obesityisoftencausedbyacombinationoffactors,includingpoordiet,lackofphysicalactivity,andgeneticfactors.”可知，肥胖通常是由不良饮食、缺乏体育活动和遗传因素等多种因素共同导致的，所以选B。8.Whathealthconditionsareobesepeopleatahigherriskofdeveloping?A.Onlyheartdisease.B.Heartdisease,diabetes,highbloodpressure,andcertaintypesofcancer.C.Onlydiabetes.答案：B解析：根据文章第二段“Peoplewhoareobeseareatahigherriskofdevelopingmanyserioushealthconditions,suchasheartdisease,diabetes,highbloodpressure,andcertaintypesofcancer.”可知，肥胖人群患心脏病、糖尿病、高血压和某些类型癌症等严重健康问题的风险更高，所以选B。9.Howcanobesitybepreventedandtreated?A.Byonlytakingmedications.B.Byadoptingahealthylifestyle,includingabalanceddietandregularphysicalactivity.C.Byonlyhavingbariatricsurgery.答案：B解析：根据文章第三段“Topreventandtreatobesity,itisimportanttoadoptahealthylifestyle.Thisincludeseatingabalanceddiet...Regularphysicalactivityisalsocrucial.”可知，预防和治疗肥胖需要采取健康的生活方式，包括均衡饮食和定期体育活动，所以选B。10.Whenmaymedicalinterventionbenecessaryforobesity?A.Always.B.Insomecases,especiallyforseverelyobesepatients.C.Never.答案：B解析：根据文章第四段“Insomecases,medicalinterventionmaybenecessary.Doctorsmayprescribemedicationstohelpwithweightlossorrecommendbariatricsurgeryforseverelyobesepatients.”可知，在某些情况下，特别是对于严重肥胖的患者，可能需要医疗干预，所以选B。第三篇Vaccinesareoneofthemostimportanttoolsinpublichealth.Theyworkbytrainingthebody'simmunesystemtorecognizeandfightspecificdiseases.Whenapersonisvaccinated,asmall,harmlesspartofthediseasecausingorganismisintroducedintothebody.Thisstimulatestheimmunesystemtoproduceantibodies.Theseantibodiescanthenrecognizeanddestroytheactualdiseasecausingorganismifthepersonisexposedtoitinthefuture.Vaccineshavebeenresponsiblefortheeradicationofmanydeadlydiseases,suchassmallpox.Theyhavealsosignificantlyreducedtheincidenceofotherdiseases,likemeasles,mumps,andrubella.Inadditiontoprotectingtheindividualwhoisvaccinated,vaccinesalsoprovideherdimmunity.Herdimmunityoccurswhenalargepercentageofapopulationisvaccinated.Thismakesitdifficultforadiseasetospread,eventothosewhoarenotvaccinated,suchasinfants,theelderly,orpeoplewithweakenedimmunesystems.However,therearestillsomepeoplewhoarehesitantaboutvaccines.Somepeoplehaveconcernsaboutvaccinesafety,althoughextensiveresearchhasshownthatvaccinesaregenerallysafeandthebenefitsfaroutweightherisks.Othersmaybeinfluencedbymisinformationormythsaboutvaccines.Itisimportantforhealthcareproviderstoeducatethepublicabouttheimportanceandsafetyofvaccinestoincreasevaccinationrates.11.Howdovaccineswork?A.Theydirectlykillthediseasecausingorganisms.B.Theytrainthebody'simmunesystemtorecognizeandfightspecificdiseases.C.Theymakethebodyproducemoreblood.答案：B解析：根据文章第一段“Theyworkbytrainingthebody'simmunesystemtorecognizeandfightspecificdiseases.”可知，疫苗通过训练人体免疫系统识别和对抗特定疾病来发挥作用，所以选B。12.Whathasvaccinesbeenresponsiblefor?A.Thespreadofmorediseases.B.Theeradicationofmanydeadlydiseasesandthereductionoftheincidenceofotherdiseases.C.Thecreationofnewdiseases.答案：B解析：根据文章第二段“Vaccineshavebeenresponsiblefortheeradicationofmanydeadlydiseases,suchassmallpox.Theyhavealsosignificantlyreducedtheincidenceofotherdiseases,likemeasles,mumps,andrubella.”可知，疫苗已经消灭了许多致命疾病，并显著降低了其他疾病的发病率，所以选B。13.Whatisherdimmunity?A.Whenasmallpercentageofapopulationisvaccinated.B.Whenalargepercentageofapopulationisvaccinated,makingitdifficultforadiseasetospread.C.Wheneveryoneinapopulationisvaccinated.答案：B解析：根据文章第二段“Herdimmunityoccurswhenalargepercentageofapopulationisvaccinated.Thismakesitdifficultforadiseasetospread,eventothosewhoarenotvaccinated”可知，当很大比例的人群接种疫苗时，就会产生群体免疫，使疾病难以传播，所以选B。14.Whyaresomepeoplehesitantaboutvaccines?A.Becausevaccinesareveryexpensive.B.Becausetheyhaveconcernsaboutvaccinesafetyorareinfluencedbymisinformation.C.Becausevaccinesarenoteffective.答案：B解析：根据文章第三段“Somepeoplehaveconcernsaboutvaccinesafety...Othersmaybeinfluencedbymisinformationormythsaboutvaccines.”可知，一些人对疫苗持犹豫态度是因为他们担心疫苗安全问题或受到有关疫苗的错误信息和谣言的影响，所以选B。15.Whatshouldhealthcareprovidersdotoincreasevaccinationrates?A.Forcepeopletogetvaccinated.B.Educatethepublicabouttheimportanceandsafetyofvaccines.C.Stopprovidingvaccines.答案：B解析：根据文章第三段“Itisimportantforhealthcareproviderstoeducatethepublicabouttheimportanceandsafetyofvaccinestoincreasevaccinationrates.”可知，医疗服务提供者应该向公众宣传疫苗的重要性和安全性以提高接种率，所以选B。第四篇Theemergencydepartment(ED)ofahospitalisacriticalpartofthehealthcaresystem.Itisthefirstpointofcontactforpatientswithacutemedicalproblems,injuries,oremergencies.TheEDisstaffedwithateamofhighlytrainedhealthcareprofessionals,includingdoctors,nurses,andtechnicians.PatientswhocometotheEDaretriagedbasedontheseverityoftheircondition.Triageisaprocessofquicklyassessingpatientstodeterminetheorderinwhichtheyshouldbetreated.Patientswithlifethreateningconditions,suchasheartattacksorseveretrauma,aregiventhehighestpriorityandaretreatedimmediately.Patientswithlesssevereconditionsmayhavetowaitforalongertime.TheEDalsoplaysanimportantroleincoordinatingwithotherdepartmentsinthehospital.Forexample,ifapatientneedsspecializedtreatment,suchassurgery,theEDstaffwillarrangeforthepatienttobetransferredtotheappropriatedepartment.TheEDalsoprovidesfollowupcareandreferralsforpatientsaftertheyaredischarged.However,theEDoftenfacesmanychallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesisovercrowding.ThereareoftenmorepatientsthantheEDcanhandle,whichcanleadtolongwaittimesforpatients.Anotherchallengeisthehighstressenvironment,whichcantakeatollonthehealthcareprovidersworkingintheED.16.Whatistheemergencydepartment(ED)ofahospital?A.Aplaceforpatientswithchronicdiseases.B.Thefirstpointofcontactforpatientswithacutemedicalproblems,injuries,oremergencies.C.Aplaceforpatientstorest.答案：B解析：根据文章第一段“Itisthefirstpointofcontactforpatientswithacutemedicalproblems,injuries,oremergencies.”可知，医院的急诊科是有急性医疗问题、受伤或紧急情况的患者的第一接触点，所以选B。17.HowarepatientsintheEDtriaged?A.Basedontheirage.B.Basedontheseverityoftheircondition.C.Basedontheirgender.答案：B解析：根据文章第二段“PatientswhocometotheEDaretriagedbasedontheseverityoftheircondition.”可知，急诊科的患者根据病情的严重程度进行分诊，所以选B。18.WhatroledoestheEDplayincoordinatingwithotherdepartmentsinthehospital?A.Ithasnoroleincoordinatingwithotherdepartments.B.Itarrangesforpatientstobetransferredtotheappropriatedepartmentiftheyneedspecializedtreatment.C.ItonlyprovidestreatmentintheEDanddoesn'tcareaboutotherdepartm