2026年天津市人教版高中英语下册第4单元语法练习

2026年天津市人教版高中英语下册第4单元语法练习一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothegrammarrulesinUnit4,whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesthefutureperfectcontinuoustense?A.ShewillhavebeenstudyingEnglishforthreeyearsbythetimeshefinisheshighschool.B.TheywillstudyEnglishforthreeyearsbythetimetheyfinishhighschool.C.ShewillstudyEnglishforthreeyearsbythetimeshefinisheshighschool.D.TheywillhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearsbythetimetheyfinishhighschool.解析：Futureperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillcontinueuptoacertainpointinthefuture.OptionAiscorrectbecause"willhavebeenstudying"indicatesanongoingactionbythefuturetime.OptionsB,C,andDuseincorrecttensesorstructures.2.InUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthesecondconditionaltodescribeahypotheticalsituation?A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallthepoliceimmediately.B.IfIcallthepolice,theywillhelpus.C.IwouldcallthepoliceifIwereyou.D.IfIwereyou,Iwillcallthepolice.解析：Thesecondconditionalisformedwith"if+pasttense,would+baseverb."OptionAiscorrectbecause"IfIwereyou,Iwouldcall"followsthisstructure.OptionBusesthefirstconditional.OptionChastheclausesreversed,whichisgrammaticallyincorrect.OptionDusesthefuturetenseinsteadof"would."3.AccordingtoUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.ThebookwaswrittenbyGeorgeOrwellin1949.B.GeorgeOrwellwrotethebookin1949.C.ThebookwroteGeorgeOrwellin1949.D.ByGeorgeOrwell,thebookwaswrittenin1949.解析：Thepassivevoiceisformedwith"be+pastparticiple."OptionAiscorrectbecause"waswritten"usesthepassivestructure.OptionBisactive.OptionChasincorrectwordorder.OptionDhasincorrectsyntax.4.InUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihaveseenthatmoviethreetimes.B.Isawthatmoviethreetimes.C.Iwillseethatmoviethreetimes.D.Iamseeingthatmoviethreetimes.解析：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimeinthepastorhasrelevancetothepresent.OptionAiscorrectbecause"haveseen"indicatesapastexperience.OptionBusesthesimplepast.OptionCusesthefuturetense.OptionDusesthepresentcontinuous.5.AccordingtoUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepastperfecttense?A.Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewenttobed.B.Shefinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewenttobed.C.Shewillhavefinishedherhomeworkbeforeshegoestobed.D.Shewasfinishingherhomeworkbeforeshewenttobed.解析：Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.OptionAiscorrectbecause"hadfinished"indicatesthehomeworkwascompletedbeforegoingtobed.OptionBusesthesimplepast.OptionCusesthefutureperfect.OptionDusesthepastcontinuous.6.InUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthefuturesimpletense?A.Theywillbeplayingbasketballtomorrowafternoon.B.Theywillhaveplayedbasketballtomorrowafternoon.C.Theywillplaybasketballtomorrowafternoon.D.Theyplayedbasketballtomorrowafternoon.解析：Thefuturesimpletenseisusedtodescribeafutureaction.OptionCiscorrectbecause"willplay"indicatesaplannedfutureactivity.OptionAusesthefuturecontinuous.OptionBusesthefutureperfect.OptionDusesthesimplepast.7.AccordingtoUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfectcontinuoustense?A.Shehasbeenstudyingfortwohours.B.Shestudiedfortwohours.C.Shewillstudyfortwohours.D.Sheisstudyingfortwohours.解析：Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.OptionAiscorrectbecause"hasbeenstudying"indicatesanongoingaction.OptionBusesthesimplepast.OptionCusesthefuturetense.OptionDusesthepresentcontinuous.8.InUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthesecondconditionaltodescribeahypotheticalsituation?A.IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuyacar.B.IfIbuyacar,Iwillbehappy.C.IwouldbuyacarifIhadmoremoney.D.IfIhadmoremoney,Iwillbuyacar.解析：Thesecondconditionalisformedwith"if+pasttense,would+baseverb."OptionAiscorrectbecause"IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuy"followsthisstructure.OptionBusesthefirstconditional.OptionChastheclausesreversed.OptionDusesthefuturetenseinsteadof"would."9.AccordingtoUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.TheletterwaswrittenbyJohnyesterday.B.Johnwrotetheletteryesterday.C.TheletterwroteJohnyesterday.D.ByJohn,theletterwaswrittenyesterday.解析：Thepassivevoiceisformedwith"be+pastparticiple."OptionAiscorrectbecause"waswritten"usesthepassivestructure.OptionBisactive.OptionChasincorrectwordorder.OptionDhasincorrectsyntax.10.InUnit4,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttense?A.TheyhavetraveledtoParistwice.B.TheytraveledtoParistwice.C.TheywilltraveltoParistwice.D.TheyaretravelingtoParistwice.解析：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimeinthepastorhasrelevancetothepresent.OptionAiscorrectbecause"havetraveled"indicatespastexperience.OptionBusesthesimplepast.OptionCusesthefuturetense.OptionDusesthepresentcontinuous.二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Bythetimetheexam______(end),we______(finish)allthequestions.参考答案：ends,willhavefinished解析：Thefirstblankrequiresthefuturesimpletense"ends"becauseitdescribesafutureevent.Thesecondblankrequiresthefutureperfecttense"willhavefinished"toindicateanactioncompletedbeforeanotherfutureevent.2.IfI______(have)moretime,I______(study)Englisheveryday.参考答案：had,wouldstudy解析：Thefirstblankrequiresthepasttense"had"becauseitisinthesecondconditional.Thesecondblankrequires"wouldstudy"toexpressahypotheticalfutureaction.3.Thebook______(write)byJaneAustenin1813.参考答案：waswritten解析：Thepassivevoiceisusedherewith"waswritten"toindicatethebookwaswrittenbyJaneAusten.4.She______(study)forthreehourswhenthephone______(ring).参考答案：hadbeenstudying,rang解析：Thefirstblankrequiresthepastperfectcontinuoustense"hadbeenstudying"todescribeanongoingactionbeforeanotherpastevent.Thesecondblankrequiresthesimplepast"rang"forasuddenpastevent.5.They______(notfinish)theprojectbyFridayifthey______(notwork)hard.参考答案：willnotfinish,donotwork解析：Thefirstblankrequiresthefuturesimpletense"willnotfinish"forafutureprediction.Thesecondblankrequiresthepresenttense"donotwork"inthesecondconditional.6.Theletter______(send)bypostyesterday.参考答案：wassent解析：Thepassivevoiceisusedwith"wassent"toindicatetheletterwassentbypostinthepast.7.IfI______(be)you,I______(tell)himthetruth.参考答案：were,wouldtell解析：Thefirstblankrequiresthepasttense"were"inthesecondconditional.Thesecondblankrequires"wouldtell"toexpressahypotheticalaction.8.By2025,scientists______(discover)acureforcancer.参考答案：willhavediscovered解析：Thefutureperfecttense"willhavediscovered"isusedtodescribeanactioncompletedbyaspecificfuturetime.9.Thereport______(write)bytheteamnextweek.参考答案：willbewritten解析：Thepassivevoiceisusedwith"willbewritten"toindicatethereportwillbewrittenbytheteaminthefuture.10.She______(study)Englishforfiveyearsbythetimeshe______(graduate).参考答案：willhavestudied,graduates解析：Thefirstblankrequiresthefutureperfecttense"willhavestudied"foranongoingactionbyafuturetime.Thesecondblankrequiresthesimplefuturetense"graduates"forafutureevent.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thefutureperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillcontinueuptoacertainpointinthefuture.(正确)解析：Thisstatementiscorrect.Thefutureperfectcontinuoustenseemphasizesthedurationofanactionuptoafuturepoint.2.Thesecondconditionalisusedtodescribearealpossibilityinthepresent.(错误)解析：Thisstatementisincorrect.Thesecondconditionalisusedtodescribeahypotheticalorunlikelysituationinthepresentorfuture.3.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.(正确)解析：Thisstatementiscorrect.Thepassivevoiceisoftenusedinformalwritingtoemphasizethereceiveroftheactionratherthantheactor.4.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast.(错误)解析：Thisstatementisincorrect.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedforactionsatanunspecifiedtimeinthepastorwithrelevancetothepresent.5.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.(正确)解析：Thisstatementiscorrect.Thepastperfecttense("had+pastparticiple")indicatesanactioncompletedbeforeanotherpastevent.6.Thefuturesimpletenseisusedtodescribeafutureactionthatwillhappenataspecifictime.(正确)解析：Thisstatementiscorrect.Thefuturesimpletense("will+baseverb")isusedforplannedorpredictedfutureactions.7.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.(正确)解析：Thisstatementiscorrect.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustense("have/hasbeen+presentparticiple")emphasizesthedurationofanaction.8.Thesecondconditionalisformedwith"if+presenttense,would+baseverb."(错误)解析：Thisstatementisincorrect.Thesecondconditionalisformedwith"if+pasttense,would+baseverb."9.Thepassivevoiceisneverusedininformallanguage.(错误)解析：Thisstatementisincorrect.Thepassivevoicecanbeusedininformallanguage,thoughitismorecommoninformalcontexts.10.Thefutureperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwillhappenbeforeanotherfutureaction.(正确)解析：Thisstatementiscorrect.Thefutureperfecttense("willhave+pastparticiple")indicatesanactioncompletedbeforeafuturetime.四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttense("have/has+pastparticiple")isusedtodescribeanactionthathappenedatanunspecifiedtimeinthepastorhasrelevancetothepresent.Forexample,"Ihaveseenthatmovie."Thepresentperfectcontinuoustense("have/hasbeen+presentparticiple")isusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.Forexample,"Ihavebeenstudyingfortwohours."Thekeydifferenceisthatthepresentperfectcontinuousemphasizesthedurationoftheaction.2.Describethestructureofthesecondconditional.参考答案：Thesecondconditionalisformedwith"if+pasttense,would+baseverb."Itisusedtodescribeahypotheticalorunlikelysituationinthepresentorfuture.Forexample,"IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuyacar."Thepasttenseinthe"if"clause(e.g.,"had")indicatesthehypotheticalnatureofthesituation.3.Whyisthepassivevoiceusedinformalwriting?参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisusedinformalwritingtoemphasizethereceiveroftheactionratherthantheactor.Itcanmakethewritingmoreobjectiveandconcise.Forexample,"Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam"(passive)ismoreformalthan"Theteamconductedtheexperiment"(active).4.Explaintheuseofthefutureperfecttense.参考答案：Thefutureperfecttense("willhave+pastparticiple")isusedtodescribeanactionthatwillbecompletedbyaspecificfuturetime.Forexample,"By2025,theprojectwillhavebeencompleted."Itemphasizesthecompletionofanactionbeforeanotherfutureevent.5.Describethestructureofthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.参考答案：Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisformedwith"have/hasbeen+presentparticiple."Itisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.Forexample,"Shehasbeenstudyingforthreehours."Thecontinuousformemphasizesthedurationoftheaction.6.Whyisthepastperfecttenseusedinstorytelling?参考答案：Thepastperfecttense("had+pastparticiple")isusedinstorytellingtodescribeactionsthathappenedbeforeanotherpastevent.Ithelpsestablishthesequenceofeventsinthenarrative.Forexample,"Bythetimehearrived,thetrainhadalreadyleft."7.Explainthedifferencebetweenthefirstconditionalandthesecondconditional.参考答案：Thefirstconditionalisformedwith"if+presenttense,will+baseverb"andisusedtodescribearealpossibilityinthepresentorfuture.Forexample,"Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic."Thesecondconditionalisformedwith"if+pasttense,would+baseverb"andisusedtodescribeahypotheticalorunlikelysituation.Forexample,"IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuyacar."8.Describetheuseofthepassivevoiceinscientificwriting.参考答案：Inscientificwriting,thepassivevoiceisoftenusedtofocusontheexperimentorresultratherthantheresearcher.Forexample,"Theexperimentwasconductedat25°C."Thisemphasizestheconditionsoftheexperimentandmakesthewritingmoreobjective.五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepassivevoice:"Thecommitteewillapprovetheproposalnextweek."参考答案：Theproposalwillbeapprovedbythecommitteenextweek.2.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthesecondconditional:"IfIhadmoretime,IwouldstudyEnglisheveryday."参考答案：IfIhadmoretime,IwouldstudyEnglisheveryday.(Thissentenceisalreadyinthesecondconditional.)3.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepresentperfectcontinuoustense:"Shehasfinishedherhomework."参考答案：Shehasbeenfinishingherhomework.4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthefutureperfecttense:"TheywillcompletetheprojectbyFriday."参考答案：TheywillhavecompletedtheprojectbyFriday.5.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepastperfecttense:"Hefinishedtherace."参考答案：Hehadfinishedtherace.6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepresentperfecttense:"Theybuiltthehouselastyear."参考答案：Theyhavebuiltthehouse.标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.A2.A3.A4.A5.A6.C7.A8.A9.A10.A二、填空题1.ends,willhavefinished2.had,wouldstudy3.waswritten4.hadbeenstudying,rang5.willnotfinish,donotwork6.wassent7.were,wouldtell8.willhavediscovered9.willbewritten10.willhavestudied,graduates三、判断题1.正确2.错误3.正确4.错误5.正确6.正确7.正确8.错误9.错误10.正确四、简答题1.Thepresentperfecttensedescribesanactionatanunspecifiedtimeinthepastorwithrelevancetothepresent,whilethepresentperfectcontinuousemphasizesthedurationoftheaction.2.Thesecondconditionalisformedwith"if+pasttense,would+baseverb"andisusedforhypotheticalsituations.3.Thepassivevoiceisusedinformalwritingtoemphasizethereceiveroftheactionandmakethewritingmoreobjective.4.Thefutureperfecttensedescribesanactioncompletedbyaspecificfuturetime.5.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisformedwith"have/hasbeen+presentparticiple"anddescribesanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.6.Thepastperfecttenseisusedinstorytellingtodescribeactionsbeforeanotherpastevent.7.Thefirstconditionaldescribesrealpossibilities,whilethesecondconditionaldescribeshypotheticalsituations.8.Thepassivevoiceinscientificwritingfocusesontheexperimentorresultratherthantheresearcher.五、应用题1.Theproposalwillbeapprovedbythecommitteenextweek.2.IfIhadmoretime,IwouldstudyEnglisheveryday.3.Shehasbeenfinishingherhomework.4.TheywillhavecompletedtheprojectbyFriday.5.Hehadfinishedtherace.6.Theyhavebuiltthehouse.解析一、单项选择题1.Aiscorrectbecause"willhavebeenstudying"indicatesanongoingactionbythefuturetime.2.Aiscorrectbecause"IfIwereyou,Iwouldcall"followsthesecondconditionalstructure.3.Aiscorrectbecause"waswritten"usesthepassivestructure.4.Aiscorrectbecause"haveseen"indicatespastexperience.5.Aiscorrectbecause"hadfinished"indicatesanactioncompletedbeforeanotherpastevent.6.Ciscorrectbecause"willplay"indicatesaplannedfutureaction.7.Aiscorrectbecause"hasbeenstudying"indicatesanongoingaction.8.Aiscorrectbecause"IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuy"followsthesecondconditionalstructure.9.Aiscorrectbecause"waswritten"usesthepassivestructure.10.Aiscorrectbecause"havetraveled"indicatespastexperience.二、填空题1."ends"isthefuturesimpletenseforafutureevent."willhavefinished"indicatesanactioncompletedbeforeanotherfutureevent.2."had"isthepasttenseinthesecondconditional."wouldstudy"expressesahypotheticalaction.3."waswritten"usesthepassivevoicetoindicatethebookwaswrittenbyJaneAusten.4."hadbeenstudying"describesanongoingactionbeforeanotherpastevent."rang"isthesimplepastforasuddenpastevent.5."willnotfinish"isthefuturesimpletenseforafutureprediction."donotwork"isthepresenttenseinthesecondconditional.6."wassent"usesthepassivevoicetoindicatetheletterwassentbypost.7."were"isthepasttenseinthesecondconditional."wouldtell"expressesahypotheticalaction.8."willhavediscovered"indicatesanactioncompletedbyaspecificfuturetime.9."willbewritten"usesthepassivevoicetoindicatethereportwillbewrittenbytheteam.10."willhavestudied"indicatesanongoingactionbyafuturetime."graduates"isthesimplefuturetenseforafutureevent.三、判断题1.Correct.Thefutureperfectcontinuoustenseemphasizesthedurationofanactionuptoafuturepoint.2.Incorrect.Thesecondconditionaldescribeshypotheticalorunlikelysituations.3.Correct.Thepassivevoiceisoftenusedinformalwritingtoemphasizethereceiveroftheaction.4.Incorrect.Thepresentperfecttenseisforactionsatanunspecifiedtimeinthepastorwithrelevancetothepresent.5.Correct.Thepastperfecttensedescribesactionsbeforeanotherpastevent.6.Correct.Thefuturesimpletenseisforplannedorpredictedfutureactions.7.Correct.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseemphasizesthedurationofanaction.8.Incorrect.Thesecondconditionalisformedwith"if+pasttense,would+base