2026年浙江省人教版初中英语第8单元语法练习题

2026年浙江省人教版初中英语第8单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"lastweek"提示时间状语需配合过去时；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"yesterdayevening"提示时间状语需配合过去时；选项C中"since"引导的时间状语从句需用一般过去时，主句"havefinished"为现在完成时，时态矛盾；选项D中"mustnotuse"为一般现在时的情态动词否定形式，符合语法规则，且"nextmonth"为将来时间状语，时态正确。2.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.ThisbookisbelongtoLilyandTom,buttheylostitlastTuesday.B.MysisterandIgotoschooltogethereveryday,shealwaysbringsanumbrella.C.Everystudentinourclassmusthandintheirhomeworkontime,includingme.D.TheteacheraskedJohnandmewhoisgoingtocleantheblackboardtomorrow.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"belongto"后需用宾格"toit"；选项B中第二分句主语应为"MysisterandI"，需用复数代词"we"；选项C中"musthandin"主语为"Everystudent"，需用单数宾格"their"（"they"为主格）；选项D中"asked"宾语从句主语应为"whowearegoingtoclean"，需用主格"we"。3.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatthestationat8o'clockyesterdaymorning,butthetrainhadalreadyleftforShanghai.B.ThestudentsareinterestedinplaybasketballafterschooleveryFriday.C.Myfatherwenttoworkbycaryesterday,hearrivedlatebecauseofthetrafficjam.D.Iamlookingforwardtoseeyounextweekend,wewillhavealotoffuntogether.参考答案：A解析：选项B中"interestedin"后需跟动名词"playing"；选项C中第二分句"becauseof"后需跟名词短语"thetrafficjam"；选项D中"lookingforwardto"后需跟动名词"seeing"；选项A中"arrivedat"（地点）、"leftfor"（方向）介词使用均正确。4.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Watchingthemovielastnightmademefeelveryhappyandexcited.B.Havingfinishedherhomework,shewenttobedatonceyesterdayevening.C.TolearnEnglishwell,youshouldpracticespeakingeverydaynextweek.D.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinterestinganduseful.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"made"为谓语动词，需改为"Watchingthemovielastnightmademe..."；选项C中"shouldpractice"为谓语动词，需改为"TolearnEnglishwell,youshouldpractice..."；选项D中"which"为关系代词，需改为"thebookthatIbought..."；选项B中"Havingfinished"为现在分词作状语，表示时间先后，语法正确。5.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中形容词比较级使用正确的一项。A.Thismathproblemismoredifficultthanthatonewedidlastweek.B.Sheisthetallestgirlinourclass,shealwaysgetsthebestseat.C.HisEnglishisbetterthanmine,butmineismoregoodthanhis.D.Theweathertodayismoreworsethanitwasyesterday.参考答案：A解析：选项B中"thetallest"为最高级，需改为"thetallestgirl"或"themosttallestgirl"；选项C中"good"的比较级为"better"，"moregood"错误；选项D中"moreworse"错误，"worse"为最高级，需改为"theworse"或"morebad"；选项A中"moredifficult"为比较级，符合语法规则。6.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中情态动词使用正确的一项。A.YoumusttofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyoucanwatchTVlastnight.B.MayIborrowyourpenforamoment,itisveryusefulformywork.C.Theteachersuggestedthatweshouldnottalkduringtheexamnextmonth.D.Hemightnotgotothepartybecauseheisverybusythisweekend.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"mustto"错误，应为"mustfinish"；选项B中"MayIborrow"为正确疑问句结构，但"itisveryusefulformywork"与借笔场景无关；选项C中"suggestedthat"后需用虚拟语气"shouldnottalk"；选项D中"mightnotgo"为情态动词否定形式，符合语法规则。7.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中宾语从句使用正确的一项。A.Myfatheraskedmewhereisthenearestsupermarket.B.Shesaidthatshewillcallmeassoonasshearrivehome.C.Theteachertoldusthatwemusthandinourhomeworkontimeyesterday.D.Idon'tknowiftheycanfinishtheprojectbeforenextFriday.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"whereis"主句需用一般现在时，从句应为"wherethenearestsupermarketis"；选项B中"arrive"需用一般现在时"arrives"；选项C中"musthandin"主句需用一般过去时，从句应为"wehandedin"；选项D中"Iftheycanfinish"为宾语从句正确结构，符合语法规则。8.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中定语从句使用正确的一项。A.ThegirlwhoImetyesterdayismyEnglishteacher.B.Thisisthebookwhichmybrothergavemelastmonth.C.Theschoolwherewestudyisverybeautiful,ithasabigplayground.D.Heisthestudentwhosealwayscomeslatetoclass.参考答案：A解析：选项B中"which"需改为"that"；选项C中第二分句"ithas"主语重复，需改为"Theschoolwherewestudyisverybeautiful,andithas..."；选项D中"whosealwayscomes"错误，需改为"whosealwayscomes"；选项A中"whoImet"为关系代词引导的定语从句，符合语法规则。9.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中状语从句使用正确的一项。A.Assoonasthebellrang,webegantohaveourEnglishclassyesterdaymorning.B.Shewenttothelibrarybecauseshehasalotofhomeworktodo.C.Thestudentsstudyhardsothattheycanpasstheexamnextmonth.D.WhileIwaswalkinghome,Isawadogchasingacat.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"rang"需用一般过去时；选项B中"has"需用一般现在时；选项C中"sothat"后需用一般现在时；选项D中"WhileIwaswalking"为时间状语从句正确结构，符合语法规则。10.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中被动语态使用正确的一项。A.MybrotherwasbrokenthewindowwhenIcamehomeyesterdayevening.B.Thisbookwaswrittenbymyfatherlastyear,itisveryinteresting.C.Thehomeworkmustbefinishedbyallthestudentsbeforetomorrow.D.Englishisspokenbymanypeoplearoundtheworld.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"broken"需改为"brokeninto"（固定搭配）；选项B中"written"为过去分词作定语，但句子结构完整；选项C中"mustbefinished"为被动语态，但主语"thehomework"需改为"thehomeworkmustbefinished"；选项D中"isspoken"为被动语态正确结构，符合语法规则。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Lastweekend,myfamily______(go)tothebeachbecausetheweather______(be)sunnyandwarm.参考答案：went,was解析："Lastweekend"提示一般过去时，填"went"；"becausetheweather______(be)"表示当时天气状态，填"was"。2.Ifyou______(have)alotofhomeworktomorrow,youcanaskyourclassmatesforhelp.参考答案：have解析："If"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般现在时，填"have"。3.Theteacheraskedus______(not,talk)duringtheexamlastmonth,butsomestudentsstill______(make)noise.参考答案：nottotalk,made解析："askedus"后需用不定式"todo"，填"nottotalk"；"still"提示一般过去时，填"made"。4.Mysisterisinterestedin______(play)thepiano,butshedoesn'thaveenoughtimethisweek.参考答案：playing解析："interestedin"后需跟动名词，填"playing"。5.______(be)youatthepartylastnight?Ididn'tseeyouthere.参考答案：Were解析："be"引导的一般疑问句，主语"you"需用"were"。6.Theboy______(see)inthephotoismybrother.He______(go)toAmericanextmonth.参考答案：seen,isgoing解析："seeninthephoto"为过去分词作定语；"nextmonth"提示一般将来时，填"isgoingto"。7.Youmust______(not,leave)yourthingsonthedeskwhenyoufinishtheexperimenttomorrow.参考答案：notleave解析："must"后跟动词原形，"not"放在助动词前，填"notleave"。8.Thestudents______(study)hardsothatthey______(pass)thefinalexamnextJune.参考答案：arestudying,canpass解析："sothat"引导目的状语从句，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般现在时，填"arestudying,canpass"。9.Myparents______(not,go)totheconcertlastnightbecausethey______(be)verytired.参考答案：didn'tgo,were解析："lastnight"提示一般过去时，填"didn'tgo"；"because"引导原因状语从句，填"were"。10.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(have)anoutdoorpicnic.参考答案：rains,willhave解析："If"引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，填"rains,willhave"。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Sheistallerthanme,butsheisnotastallashersister.(正确)解析：比较级结构正确，"thanme"和"astallas"搭配合理。2.Youshouldstudyharderifyouwanttopasstheexamnextmonth.(正确)解析："if"引导条件状语从句，时态和结构均正确。3.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(正确)解析："which"引导定语从句，先行词"thebook"用关系代词"which"正确。4.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcamehomeyesterdayevening.(正确)解析："when"引导时间状语从句，时态和结构均正确。5.Theteachertoldusthatwemusthandinourhomeworkontimeyesterday.(错误)解析："told"后需用宾语从句虚拟语气，应为"wehandedin"。6.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhaveanoutdoorpicnic.(正确)解析："If"引导条件状语从句，时态和结构均正确。7.Theboywhoissittinginthecornerismybrother.(正确)解析："whoissitting"为关系代词引导的定语从句，时态和结构均正确。8.Mysisterisinterestedinplayingthepiano,butshedoesn'thaveenoughtimethisweek.(正确)解析："interestedin"后跟动名词，时态和结构均正确。9.Thestudentsstudyhardsothattheycanpasstheexamnextmonth.(正确)解析："sothat"引导目的状语从句，时态和结构均正确。10.Thebookthatmybrothergavemelastmonthisveryinteresting.(错误)解析："that"引导定语从句时，若先行词为"thebook"，关系代词可用"which"或"that"，但"that"更常见，但此处无语法错误，判断为正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.解释第8单元中"must"和"haveto"的用法区别。参考答案："must"表示主观必须，通常用于较正式场合或表达强烈义务，如"youmustfinishyourhomework"；"haveto"表示客观必须，由客观情况决定，如"youhavetogotoschool"。两者在否定形式上均为"mustn't"和"don'thaveto"。2.说明第8单元中定语从句的先行词有哪些类型。参考答案：定语从句的先行词包括：①具体名词（如"ThisisthebookthatIbought"）；②代词（如"Sheisthegirlwhoiswearingareddress"）；③抽象名词（如"Thisisthedecisionthatwemade"）。3.解释第8单元中"sothat"引导的状语从句的用法。参考答案："sothat"引导目的状语从句，表示目的，从句通常用一般现在时或情态动词，如"Shestudiedhardsothatshecouldpasstheexam"。4.说明第8单元中被动语态的构成形式。参考答案：被动语态由"be动词+过去分词"构成，如"Thisbookwaswrittenbymyfather"；情态动词被动语态为"情态动词+be动词+过去分词"，如"Englishisspokenbymanypeople"。5.解释第8单元中非谓语动词的几种形式及其用法。参考答案：非谓语动词包括：①不定式（todo），表示目的或意图；②动名词（doing），表示动作本身；③分词（done/doing），作定语、状语或表语。如"WatchingTVismyhobby"（动名词作主语）；"Hewenttobedwithoutturningoffthelight"（动名词作宾语补足语）。6.说明第8单元中情态动词的常见用法。参考答案：情态动词表示能力、义务、可能性等，常见用法：①表示能力，如"Icanswim"；②表示义务，如"Youmustobeytherules"；③表示可能性，如"Itmightrain"；④表示建议，如"Youshouldstudyharder"。7.解释第8单元中宾语从句的引导词及其用法。参考答案：宾语从句引导词包括：①that（无意义，只起连接作用）；②if/whether（引导疑问句）；③wh-类词（when/where/why/how等）。如"Shesaidthatshewouldcome"（that引导）；"Doyouknowifhewillarrive?"（if引导）。8.说明第8单元中形容词比较级的构成规则。参考答案：形容词比较级构成规则：①单音节词加"-er"，如"taller"；②双音节或多音节词前加"more"，如"moreinteresting"；③不规则变化，如"bad-better"；④同级比较，如"astallas"。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.根据第8单元语法知识，将下列句子改写为被动语态。原句：Theteachergaveussomeimportantinformationyesterday.改写：Someimportantinformationwasgiventousbytheteacheryesterday.2.根据第8单元语法知识，将下列句子改写为一般疑问句。原句：YoumustfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyoucanwatchTV.改写：MustyoufinishyourhomeworkbeforeyoucanwatchTV?3.根据第8单元语法知识，将下列句子改写为宾语从句。原句：Shesaidtheexamwouldbedifficult.改写：Shesaidthattheexamwouldbedifficult.4.根据第8单元语法知识，将下列句子改写为定语从句。原句：ThisisthebookthatIboughtyesterday.改写：Thisisthebookwhich/thatIboughtyesterday.5.根据第8单元语法知识，将下列句子改写为状语从句。原句：Hestudiedhardbecausehewantedtopasstheexam.改写：Becausehewantedtopasstheexam,hestudiedhard.6.根据第8单元语法知识，将下列句子改写为非谓语动词形式。原句：Shefinishedherhomeworkandwenttobed.改写：Havingfinishedherhomework,shewenttobed.7.根据第8单元语法知识，将下列句子改写为情态动词形式。原句：Weshouldnotleaveourthingsonthedesk.改写：Wemustnotleaveourthingsonthedesk.8.根据第8单元语法知识，将下列句子改写为比较级形式。原句：Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.改写：Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.（原句已正确）【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D2.C3.A4.B5.A6.D7.D8.A9.D10.D解析：第1题考查一般现在时与过去时；第2题考查宾语从句