2026年湖北省初中英语语法填空专项题库

2026年湖北省初中英语语法填空专项题库1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hespendsmostofhisfreetime______stampsfromallovertheworld.A.collectB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意为“史密斯先生对收集邮票很感兴趣。他花大部分空闲时间收集来自世界各地的邮票。”根据句意，spendtimedoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，故用动词ing形式，选B。A项为动词原形，不符合语法；C项为不定式，通常表示目的，此处不符；D项为过去分词，表示被动或完成，不符合句意。2.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomeworkbeforeleavingtheclassroom.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what【答案】A【解析】考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们在离开教室之前是否完成了作业。”asksb.if/whether...为固定结构，表示“问某人是否……”，if和whether可互换，但whether更常用于正式场合，此处用if即可，选A。B项whether也可，但不如if常用；C项that引导宾语从句时，不能表达“是否”的含义；D项what引导宾语从句时，需在从句中充当成分，此处不符。3.______itrainedheavilyyesterday,wewenthikingasplanned.A.BecauseB.ThoughC.IfD.Unless【答案】B【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意为“虽然昨天雨下得很大，但我们还是按计划去远足了。”though表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，前后主句不用倒装，选B。A项because表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句，与句意相反；C项if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句；D项unless表示“除非”，引导条件状语从句，也不符合句意。4.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意为“住在隔壁的那个男孩是我的好朋友。”先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导，选A。B项whom在从句中作宾语，此处不符；C项that可指人或物，但指人时不如who正式；D项whose引导定语从句时，需在从句中作定语，此处不符。5.Mysisterisgoodatplayingthepiano,______shedoesn’tpracticeeveryday.A.butB.andC.orD.so【答案】A【解析】考查并列连词。句意为“我姐姐擅长弹钢琴，但她不是每天都练习。”but表示“但是”，连接两个意义相反的句子，符合句意，选A。B项and表示“和”，连接并列成分；C项or表示“或者”，连接选择关系；D项so表示“所以”，连接结果状语从句，与句意不符。6.It’simportanttokeepahealthydiet,______youshouldeatavarietyoffoods.A.becauseB.soC.whenD.as【答案】A【解析】考查原因状语从句。句意为“保持健康饮食很重要，因为你应该吃各种不同的食物。”because表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句，符合句意，选A。B项so表示“所以”，引导结果状语从句；C项when表示“当……时”，引导时间状语从句；D项as可引导原因或时间状语从句，但此处because更符合逻辑关系。7.Thestudentsweresurprised______theteachertoldthemtheexamwouldbenextweek.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.how【答案】B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意为“当老师告诉学生们考试将在下周举行时，学生们很惊讶。”besurprisedthat...为固定结构，表示“对……感到惊讶”，that引导宾语从句，作surprised的宾语，选B。A项when引导时间状语从句；C项what引导名词性从句；D项how引导方式状语从句，均不符合句意。8.______youfinishyourhomework,youcanwatchTV.A.AssoonasB.UntilC.BeforeD.After【答案】A【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意为“你一完成作业就可以看电视。”assoonas表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，符合句意，选A。B项until表示“直到……才……”；C项before表示“在……之前”；D项after表示“在……之后”，均与句意不符。9.Theoldmanisblind,______hecan’tseeanythingaroundhim.A.soB.becauseC.butD.or【答案】C【解析】考查并列连词。句意为“那个老人是盲人，但他周围什么也看不见。”but表示“但是”，连接两个意义相反的句子，符合句意，选C。A项so表示“所以”；B项because表示“因为”；D项or表示“或者”，均不符合句意。10.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whom【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。”先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导，选A。B项that可指物，但which更常用于指物；C项whose引导定语从句时，需在从句中作定语；D项whom指人，不符合句意。1.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreoften.【答案】practice【解析】考查动词原形。句意为“如果你想提高你的英语，你应该经常练习。”动词原形可用于祈使句、条件状语从句等，此处填practice。2.Thegirl______issittingonthebenchismysister.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意为“坐在长椅上的那个女孩是我的姐姐。”先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。3.Myfatherisadoctor,______heworksinahospital.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意为“我的父亲是一名医生，他在医院工作。”先行词father指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。4.Theman______Ispoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter.【答案】whom【解析】考查定语从句。句意为“我昨天和那个人说话的那个人是一位著名作家。”先行词man指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用whom引导。5.Thebook______Ireadlastnightwasveryexciting.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意为“我昨晚读的那本书非常激动人心。”先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。6.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.【答案】doesn’train【解析】考查动词原形。句意为“如果明天不下雨，我们会去公园。”if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故填doesn’train。7.Thegirl______iswearingareddressismycousin.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意为“穿着红色连衣裙的那个女孩是我的表妹。”先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。8.Mybrotheristallerthan______.【答案】I【解析】考查宾语从句。句意为“我哥哥比我高。”thanI是宾语从句，作比较对象，填I。9.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.【答案】if【解析】考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们是否完成了作业。”asksb.if...为固定结构，表示“问某人是否……”，故填if。10.Theboy______Ilivenextdoorisagoodstudent.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意为“住在隔壁的那个男孩是个好学生。”先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。1.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluecoatismysister.(正确)【解析】定语从句用法正确，先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。2.Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,youshouldworkhard.(正确)【解析】条件状语从句用法正确，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般现在时。3.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(正确)【解析】定语从句用法正确，先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。4.Theboythatlivesnextdoorismyfriend.(正确)【解析】定语从句用法正确，先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用that引导。5.Thegirlwhoseissittingonthebenchismysister.(错误)【解析】定语从句用法错误，whose引导定语从句时，需在从句中作定语，此处应为whoissittingonthebench。6.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothepark.(正确)【解析】条件状语从句用法正确，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。7.TheboywhomIspeaktoyesterdayisagoodstudent.(错误)【解析】定语从句用法错误，whom在从句中作宾语时，可用that替代，但更常用who。8.Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismycousin.(正确)【解析】定语从句用法正确，先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。9.ThebookthatIreadlastnightwasveryexciting.(正确)【解析】定语从句用法正确，先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用that引导。10.Theboywholivesnextdoorismyfriend.(正确)【解析】定语从句用法正确，先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。1.Whatisthefunctionoftheword"which"inthesentence"ThebookwhichIreadlastnightwasveryexciting"?【参考答案】Inthesentence"ThebookwhichIreadlastnightwasveryexciting","which"isusedasarelativepronountointroduceadefiningrelativeclausethatmodifies"thebook".Itreferstothebookandactsasthesubjectoftheclause"Ireadwhichlastnight".【解析】考查定语从句。which在此句中作定语从句的引导词，修饰先行词book，并在从句中作read的宾语。定语从句的作用是限定先行词的范围，使句子更具体。2.Howcanyouuse"if"toexpressaconditioninasentence?【参考答案】Theword"if"isusedtointroduceaconditionalclauseinasentence,indicatingthattheactioninthemainclausewilldependontheconditionintheif-clause.Forexample,"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic."Here,theconditionis"itrainstomorrow",andtheresultis"wewillcancelthepicnic".【解析】考查条件状语从句。if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，常用于提出条件，主句通常表示结果或推测。注意时态搭配：一般现在时主句，一般现在时从句；一般将来时主句，一般现在时从句。3.Whatisthedifferencebetween"who"and"whom"inrelativeclauses?【参考答案】"Who"and"whom"arebothrelativepronounsusedtointroducerelativeclauses,buttheydifferincaseandfunction."Who"isusedasthesubjectoftheclauseandreferstopeople,while"whom"isusedastheobjectoftheclauseandalsoreferstopeople.Forexample,"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluecoatismysister."(whoisthesubject),"TheboywhomIspoketoyesterdayismyfriend."(whomistheobject).【解析】考查定语从句。who和whom都是关系代词，但who在从句中作主语，whom作宾语。在口语中whom常被省略，但在正式写作中需注意区分。4.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?【参考答案】Apassivevoicesentenceisformedbyusingtheverb"tobe"intheappropriatetenseplusthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Thebookwaswrittenbyafamousauthor."Here,"waswritten"isthepassivevoiceform,and"byafamousauthor"indicatestheagent.Thestructureis:Subject+be+pastparticiple+(by+agent).【解析】考查被动语态。被动语态用于强调动作的承受者而非执行者，常用于不知道动作执行者或不需要强调的情况。注意时态搭配：一般现在时被动语态用am/is/are+pastparticiple；一般过去时用was/were+pastparticiple。5.Whatisthemeaningof"so"inthesentence"Theboyistall,sohecanreachtheshelf"?【参考答案】Inthesentence"Theboyistall,sohecanreachtheshelf","so"isaconjunctionthatintroducesaresultclause,indicatingthatthesecondclauseisaresultofthefirstclause.Itmeans"therefore"or"asaresult".Thefirstclause"Theboyistall"isthecause,andthesecondclause"hecanreachtheshelf"istheresult.【解析】考查并列连词。so表示“所以”，连接两个意义相关的句子，前句通常表示原因，后句表示结果。注意与because的区别：so连接两个句子，because引导原因状语从句。6.Howcanyouuse"that"inasentence?【参考答案】"That"canbeusedasarelativepronountointroduceadefiningornon-definingrelativeclause,orasaconjunctiontointroduceanounclause.Forexample,"ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting."(definingrelativeclause),"Iknowthatyouareright."(nounclause).When"that"introducesanounclause,ithasnoantecedentandactsasthesubjectorobjectofaverb.【解析】考查that的用法。that可作关系代词，指物或人，在从句中作主语或宾语；也可作连词，引导名词性从句，无先行词。注意与which的区别：that可指物，which通常指物；在口语中that常替代which。7.Whatisthefunctionof"because"inasentence?【参考答案】"Because"isaconjunctionusedtointroduceareasonorcauseclauseinasentence.Itexplainswhysomethinghappens.Forexample,"Thegirliscryingbecausesheissad."Here,"becausesheissad"isthereasonclause,explainingwhy"thegirliscrying".Becauseintroducesessentialreasons,whilesointroducesresults.【解析】考查because的用法。because表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句，通常放在句末，但也可放在句首。注意与so的区别：because强调原因，so强调结果。8.Howdoyouuse"when"inasentence?【参考答案】"When"canbeusedasaconjunctiontointroduceatimeclauseinasentence,indicatingaspecificpointorperiodintime.Forexample,"IwillcallyouwhenIarrive."Here,"whenIarrive"isthetimeclause,indicatingthetimeofthecall.Whencanalsobeusedasanadverbtomean"atthattime".Forexample,"Iwasbornwhenmyparentswereyoung."【解析】考查when的用法。when可作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”；也可作副词，表示“那时”。注意时态搭配：一般现在时主句，一般现在时从句；一般过去时主句，一般过去时从句。1.Completethesentence:"Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodstudent."【参考答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。完整句子为"Theboywholivesnextdoorisagoodstudent."2.Completethesentence:"Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothepark."【参考答案】doesn’train【解析】考查动词原形。if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故填doesn’train。完整句子为"Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothepark."3.Completethesentence:"Thebook______Ireadlastnightwasveryexciting."【参考答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。完整句子为"ThebookwhichIreadlastnightwasveryexciting."4.Completethesentence:"Thegirl______iswearingabluedressismysister."【参考答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。完整句子为"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister."5.Completethesentence:"Theboy______Ispoketoyesterdayisagoodfriend."【参考答案】whom【解析】考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作宾语，应用whom引导。完整句子为"TheboywhomIspoketoyesterdayisagoodfriend."6.Completethesentence:"Thebook______Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting."【参考答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。完整句子为"ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting."7.Completethesentence:"Thegirl______issittingonthebenchismycousin."【参考答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导。完整句子为"Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismycousin."8.Completethesentence:"Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,youshould______hard."【参考答案】work【解析】考查动词原形。动词原形可用于祈使句、条件状语从句等，此处填work。完整句子为"Ifyouwanttobesuccessful,youshouldworkhard."【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.A3.B4.A5.A6.B7.B8.A9.