考研英语（一）模拟试卷169

考研英语（一）模拟试卷169

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

WhenPrinceGeorge'sCountyState'sAttorneyAngelaD.Alsobrooksjoinedthecounty

prosecutor'sofficein1997,shewasthefirstfull-timeattorneytohandlecasesof

domesticviolence.So[Bl]familyviolencehasalwaysbeenapriorityforher.

Butthe[B2]inrecentyearsinhomicideslinkedtodomesticmatters—[B3]

thoseinvolvingchildren-hasraisedherattention.Herlatestinitiative:[B4]

ofaspecialunitwithinheroffice[B5]tocasesofdomesticabuseand

violence."Thisunit,willgoalongway[B6]helpingusidentifyvictimsearlier

inthecriminaljusticeprocessandlinkthefamilymemberswithnecessaryservices.

[B7],forexample,whenhandlingacaseofawomanwhohasbeenbeaten,if

theydiscoverthereisalsoabuseinvolvingachild,investigatorsdon'thaveto[B8]

thecasetoanotherteambutcan[B9]bothprosecutionandprovisionof

services.ThedropinPrinceGeorge'sofstranger-on-strangercrimehasbroughtinto

focusthe[BIO]ofdomesticviolence.Particularlyhorrificindrivinghomethe

[Bl1]ofthisissuewaslastsummer'smurderof3-year-oldLailaMiller.

Authoritiessaidshewasshotandstabbedbyherfatherafterhetookaphotoofthetwoof

them;hethen[BI2]inagunbattlewithpoliceinwhichhewaskilled.Such

crimes[B13]thestate'sattorney'sofficetothisyearholdatrainingsession

aimed[B14]educatingchurchleadersonhowto[B15]domestic

violenceissuesbeforetheyescalate.[B16]alsoundertookapublicinformation

campaigntargeting[B17]abusersandlettingchildrenknowabouttheneedto

reponviolenceinrhehome.InOctober,rheCircuitCourtforPrinceGeorge'sisseiio

openaFamilyJusticeCenterthatwill[B18](hepublicandprivateservicesfor

victimsofdomesticviolence.Makingiteasierforfamiliestogetthehelptheyneedhas

proventobe[B19]inpreventingviolence,sogoodforPrinceGeorge'sfor

takingthesestepsintheright[B20]

1、[Bl]

A^undertaking

B、dealing

C、tackling

D、opposing

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。该句主要讲要消除家庭暴力，根据上下文的

理解以及所给动词与宾语的搭配判断，[Crackling”处理、对付”为正确答案。其他

三项分别为：[A]undertaking“承办，承接、[B]dealing“处理”，之后常接with；

[D]opposing“反对”。这三项均不符合文意和语法，故排除。

2、[B2]

A、decline

B、spike

C^drop

D、boost

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。通过前一句和该句句首的But可知，该句的

意思为“近年家庭暴力案件数量上升，这一现象在与儿童有关的案件中尤为显著”。

因此[B]spike”上升,上涨”符合文意，为正确答案。[A][C]两项词义均为“降低,下

降”，与语义不符，故排除；[D]boost"繁荣，上升”语体色彩不合适，故排除。

3、[B3]

A、surprisingly

B、naturally

C、particularly

D、doubly

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查副词词义辨析。该句的意思为“近年家庭暴力案件数量二

升，这一现象在与儿童有关的案件中尤为显著”。根据对上下文逻辑关系的理解，

则只有©particularly“特别地”符合语义，故为正确答案。

4、[B4]

A、creation

B、production

C^achievement

D、procreation

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。该句的意思为“她最新的一项计划正是在她

的办公室中建立起专门处理家庭虐待和家庭暴力的特别部门。”因此选项

[A]creation“创立”符合文意，为正确答案。其他三项分别为：[B]production“生

产“；[C]achievement“成功”；[D]procreation“繁殖”。这三项均不得合文意，故排

除。

5、[B5]

A、charged

devoted

C、adapted

D、related

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。联系上文可知，她最新的一个项目是在她的

办公室内建立一支专门应对家庭虐待和家暴的力量。考虑词义和介词搭配，只有

devoted既能与其后的介词to搭配，乂能表达适当的语义，故[B]为正确答案。

6、[B6]

A、to

B、towards

C、against

D、in

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查介词搭配。该句意思为“这一部门将提供极大的帮助，协助

我们在刑事司法过程中早期辨认家暴的受害者，并且让他们和他们的家庭成员能够

获得必要的服务只有[B]towards“朝，向”既符合语法，也符合上下文的语义，故

为正确答案。

7、[B7]

A、Therefore

B、However

C、Furthermore

D、Nonetheless

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查逻辑关系。该句的意思为“因此，打个比方说，如果调查官

在调查妇女遭受家暴的过程中，发现家中的儿童同样遭到虐待，他们就不必将这一

案件转交给另一工作组，而是可以将提起公诉和提供服务两项工作协调起来进

行”。因此，选项[A]Therefore“因此，因而”能够表达原文此处的逻辑关系，为正确

答案。

8、[B8]

A^give

B、move

C、deliver

D^refer

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。该句的意思为“因此，打个比方说，如果调

查官在调查妇女遭受家暴的过程中，发现家中的儿童同样遭到虐待，他们就不必将

这一案件转交给另一工作组，而是可以将提起公诉和提供服务两项工作协调起来进

行选项[D]refer既能与后面的介词to搭配，又能表达适当的语义，同时与本文

的语境和语域相符合，故为正确答案。

9、[B9]

A、coordinate

combine

C、connect

D^arrange

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。该句的意思为“……可以将提起公诉和提供

服务协调并举“，所以[A]coordinate"协调”符合文意，故为正确答案。其他三项分别

为：[B]combine“组合”;©connect“连接”；[DJarrange“安排”。这三项均不符合文

意，故排除。

10、[B10]

A、endurance

persistence

C^stubbornness

D、resolution

标准答案：B

知识点解析•：本题考查名词词义辨析。该句主要是讲家庭暴力依然存在，因此选项

[B]persistence"留存”符合文意，故为正确答案。其他三项分别为：[A]endurance“忍

耐“；[C]slubbomness“倔强"；[D]resolution“决心”。这三项均不符合文意，故排

除。

II、[BH]

A、urgency

B、necessity

C、desperation

D、emergency

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。该句大意为，……敲响了……的警钟”，因此

选项[A]urgency“紧急，紧迫”符合文意，为正确答案。其他三项分别为：

[R]nece*sity"必要"：[C]de*pcration"绝望"：[D]emergency”突发事件,紧急情况”c

这三项均不符合文意，故排除。

12、[B12]

A、engaged

B、participated

C、started

D、launched

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。该句的意思为“当局称，小莱拉的父亲在对

小莱拉进行枪击并用刀而刺之前，与她拍了合影。他随后与警方展开枪战，并在枪

战中被击毙”。选项[A|en—gage"与……交战”符合文意，且搭配正确，故为正确答

案。

13、[B13]

A、encouraged

induced

C、prompted

D、caused

标准答案：c

知识点解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。该句主要讲这样的罪行使得检察官办公室采

取措施，因此选项©prompt“促使”符合文意，为正确答案。其他三项分别为：

[A]encouraged”鼓励"；[B]induced”引起,引诱“；[D]caused“造成这三项均不符

合文意，故排除。

14、[B14]

A、to

B、at

C、with

D、by

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考查固定搭配。该句的意思为“举行一期旨在教导宗教领袖如何

处理家庭暴力事件的训练课程”，因此选项[B]可组成短语aimat,符合语法和文

意，为正确答案。

15、[B15]

A、dealwith

B、involveinto

C、naildown

D、sufferfrom

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。该句大意为“……在家暴事件升

级之前加以处理”,因此选项[A]dealwith”处理.处置”符合文意,为iF确答案°其

他三项分别为：[B]involveinto“涉及，卷入”；©naildown"确定,明确"；|D]suffer

”受……煎熬”。这三项均不符合文意，故排除。

16、[B16]

A、They

B、We

C、It

D、I

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查弋词所指辨析。该句的意思为“州检察院还开展了一项公众

宣传活动，一方面针对可能施暴的人群，另一方面增强儿童揭发家中暴力事件的意

识根据上文可知，该句的主语应为thestale'sattorney'soffice,所以代词应当用

it,故[0为正确答案。

17、[BI7]

A^violent

B、future

C、potential

D、hidden

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查形容词词义辨析。该句是讲针对可能实施家暴者的宣传活

动，所以[C]potential“潜在的”符合文意，为正确答案。[A]violen产暴力的”不符合语

境，因为暴力的家暴实施者应当受到相应制裁，而不是作为宣传计划的对象出现，

故排除；[B]fulure”未来的”（施暴者）和[D]hidden“潜藏的”（施暴者）均不符合文意，故

排除。

18、[B18]

A、solidify

B、stiffen

C、concentrate

D、consolidate

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。承接，文，该句是讲“……建立一个加强公

共和私营服务的中心因此，选项[D]consolidate“巩固，加I强”符合文意，为正确

答案。其他三项分别为：网solidify，使固化"：[B]stiffen“使变硬”；

©concentrate“集中这三曲均不花合文意，故排除。

19、[B191

A^efficient

B、sufficient

C、effective

D、effectual

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查形容词词义辨析。该句是讲（用于阻止暴力行为的措施）“是

有效的只有[^effective“有效的”符合文意，为正确答案。其他三项分别为：

[A]efficient"有效率的“；[B]sufficient“足够的“；[D]Wfcctual"奏效的这三项均不

符合文意，故排除。

20、[B20]

A、route

B、course

C^path

D、direction

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。lakeslepsiniherighldirection是一个常用搭

配，表示“步入正轨，向着正确的方向发展”。而以选[D]direction“方向”。其他选项

均不符合语法，故排除。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

U.S.employersareanticipatingariseinworkplacediscriminationclaimsbasedontheir

ownhiringpolicies.EmploymentlawfirmLittlerMendelsonasked500representatives

ofcompanieswithbothsmallandlargemarketcapitalizationsabouttheirdeepestlegal

anxietiesthisyear.Fifty-sevenpercentsaidtheyexpectedanincreaseindiscrimination

claimsbecauseoftheirinterestinanapplicant'scriminalhistory—thecompanies'top

concernwhenaskedabouttheenforcementeffortsoftheEqualEmploymentOpportunity

Commission（EEOC）.Agrowingnumberofstateshaveadoptedlawsthatprevent

employersfromaskingonjobapplicationswhetherapplicantshaveacriminalrecord.

ThirtypercentoftheemployerssurveyedbyLittlerMendelsonsaidtheyhadremoved

suchquestionsfromtheirapplications.Anadditional40percentsaidtheyarehiring

contractorstodobackgroundchecksforthem.Thereportsuggestedthatthisstrategy

mayberiskybecausepeoplearefilingagrowingnumberoflawsuitstiedtothird-party

investigationsofcriminalhistoryandseekingclassactionstatus."Thistrendwillnot

slowdownsoon,"thereportsaid.Still,thisyear'srespondentswerelesslikelythanlast

year'stosaythattheyexpectanincreaseinoverdiscriminationclaims.Theemployers'

second-biggestconcernispotentialclaimsoverequalpayandthetreatmentofworkers

basedontheirsexuality,age,anddisabilities.Employersseemedespeciallyconfusedas

tohowtorunemployeewellnessprogramswithoutgettingintotroublefordiscriminating

againstdisabledpeople.Theprogramsgenerallyofferincentivestoemployeeswhohit

healthorfitnessbenchmarksandareencouragedbytheAffordableCareAct.Recently,

theEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommissionsuedseveralcompaniesforprograms

thatitchargedwereunfairtoworkerswithdisabilities.Overall,companiessaidtheywere

havingfewerproblemswiththenewhealth-carelawthaninpreviousyears;one-third

saidtheywereanxiousaboutimplementingObamacare,downfrom64percentin2012.

Thetimingofthesurveymayhaveplayedaroleinemployers'concerns.Thepollwas

conductedinAprilandMay,whentheSupremeCourthadn'tyetruledinfavorofgay

marriage.Forty-sevenpercentofcompaniessaidtheyalreadyhadrulesprotecting

lesbian,gay,bisexual,andtransgenderworkers,but20percentsaidtheywereeither

waitingonthecourt'sdecisiontoexpandtheirregulationsorhadnopoliciesinplace.

GettingnailedbytheNationalLaborRelationsBoardfortheworkingconditionsof

subcontractorsisafurtherconcern.Asfederalandstateauthoritiescontinuetoscrutinize

companydecisionsastowhocountsasanemployee,mostemployerssurveyedsaidthey

hadtakensomeactiontomitigatepotentiallegalchallenges,suchasauditingindependent

contractors.Thirtypercentsaidtheyhadmadenochangestopolicies.Agrowingshareof

C-suiteexecutivesandhumanresourcesprofessionals——17percent-saidtheyexpected

to"hireaggressively'*thisyear.Comparedwithpreviousyears,companieswerealsoless

likelytosaytheyhadunhappyemployeesstayingintheirjobsbecausetherewereno

alternatives,orthatpeoplewerestuckinjobsthatdidn'tmakegooduseoftheirskills.

21、Whydid57%ofthecompaniesexpectanincreaseindiscriminationclaims?

A^BecausetheycaredabouttheenforcementeffortsofEEOC.

B、BecausetheEEOCcaredmostabouttheapplicants'criminalhistory.

C、Becauselargecompaniescaredmoreaboutthecriminalrecordoftheirapplicants.

D、Becausetheycaredabouttheirapplicants,criminalrecord.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义理解题。定位到第一段第三句：Fifty-sevenpercentsaidthey

expectedanincreaseindiscriminationclaimsbecauseoftheirinterestinanapplicant's

criminalhistoryo问题为“为什么57%参与调查的公司认为歧视索赔情泣可能会增

加?”第一段第三句话提到：57%的受调查者预计歧视索赔情况可能会增加，因为公

司对其求职人员的犯罪历史很感兴趣。这一题考查对原文内容的正确理解，是否能

抓住句子的主干信息。选项［D］与原文内容相符，为正确答案。［A］项是对第一段最

后一句所设置的迷惑性选项，故排除。由原文中第一段thecompanies'topconcern

whenaskedabouttheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission'sen—fbreemem

efforts内容得知，犯罪记录是公司最在意的问题，而不是平等就业机会委员会最在

意的，所以［B］项不符合原文，可排除。［0项在原文中并未提及，故排除。

22、Howdotheadditional40%oftheemployersfeelaboutthecriminalhisloryoftheir

applicants?

A、Theythinkthecriminalhistoryoftheirapplicantsisnotveryimportant.

B、Theyarestillinterestedinwhethertheirapplicantshavecommittedcrimesornot.

C^Theyfeelitisriskytodobackgroundchecksfortheirapplicants.

D、Theyarenotinfavorofaskingapplicantscriminalrecordonjobapplications.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：观点态度题。定位到第二段第三句：Anadditional40percentsaidthey

arehiringcon—tractorstodobackgroundchecksfbrthem.第二段第三句话提到：另

外40%的公司雇佣合同工做背景调查，contractor在文中是“合同工”的意思。日此

可见这40%的公司还是在意员工的背景，以及他们是否有犯罪记录的。［B］符合题

意，为正确选项。如果对原文意义理解有偏差，则［A］项很具有迷惑性。［C］项中的

risky不是这40%的公司的看法，而是调查报告的看法，在第二段倒数第二句有提

及。［D］选项”这40%的公司不支持在工作申请中询问求职者的犯罪记录”，原文并

未提及，可排除。

23、Whyareemployersconfusedabouthowtorunemployeewellnessprograms?

A、Becausetheyarelikelytodiscriminateagainstthedisabledinrunningtheprograms.

B、Becausetheyfearedofbeingtroubledfordiscriminatingagainstmentallydisabled

people.

C、Becauseitishardforthemtosatisfywomen,theoldandthedisabled.

D、Becausedisabledpeoplemaydoaswellasnormalpeople.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。定位到第四段第二句：Employersseemedespeciallyconfused

astohowtorunemployeewellnessprogramswithoutgettingintotroublefor

discriminatingagainstdisabledpeople•第四段提到：雇主们似乎特别困惑该怎样决行

雇员健康计划才不会因为歧视残疾人而惹麻烦。这一题主要考查是否会遗漏细节信

息，［A］项“雇主可能会在执行健康计划过程中歧视残疾人”，意义与原文相同，故

为正确答案。原文中只提到disabledpeople“残疾人"，而［B］选项中mentally

disabledpeople即“智障患者”，与原文意思不完全对等，故排除：同理可排除［C］选

项。［D］选项原文中并没有提到，故排除。

24、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5that"Obamacare'*.

A、isagainstemployeewellnessprograms

B>causesmoreanxietythisyearthanin2012

C^isthenewhealth-carelawmentionedinthesamesentence

D^isfavoredbymostofthecompaniessurveyed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理题。定位到第五段最后一句：Overall,companiessaidiheywere

havingfewerproblemswiththenewhealth-carelaw(haninpreviousyears；one一

thirdsaidtheywereanxiousaboutimplementingObamacare.downfrom64percentin

2012.“受访公司表示他们在执行新的卫生保健法案过程中遇到的困难比去年少多

了：有三分之一的公司表示，他们担忧奥巴马医改的实施情况，2012年64%的公

司有这样的顾虑，与此相比己经减少很多。',第五段中出现Obam—acare一河，为

“奥巴马医改”，知识涉猎广泛的人可能知道这一词的含义，但题目并非单一考查定

义，而是与文章内容结合起来，考查推理的能力。根据两个分句间的联系，可以断

定［C］符合题意。［A］选项原文中没有提及，故排除c|B］选项与原文内容恰好相

反，故排除。［D］选项与原文表述不一致，第五段最后一句只说“三分之一的人担忧

奥巴马医改的实施”，但是并不表明另外三分之二的人就支持，可排除。

25、Infaceofpotentiallegalchallenges,.

A、mostofthecompanieshavetakenlegalactiontomitigatepotentialchallenges

R、onethirdofthecompaniessaidtheyhadnotchangedtheirpolicies

C、mostofthecompanieshavetakenmeasurestoavoidpotentiallegalchallenges

D、47%ofcompanieshadrulesprotectinglesbian,gay,bisexual,andtransgender

workers

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。定位到第七段第二句和第三句。第七段提到：大多数受访雇

主说他们己经采取措施应对可能的诉讼，30%的雇主表示他们没有对政策做任何改

变。这一题考查对原文内容的正确理解和细节把握，［C］选项符合题意，为正确选

项。原文内容为takensomeaction,而［A］项为takenlegalaction,如果没有注意到

legal一词的正确位置，则有可能误选［A］项。［B］中说三分之一的公司没有改变政

策，与原文的30%在数量上不符，故排除。［D］选项中的措施并非是为了应对可能

发生的法律诉讼，可排除。

Ifyoucan'ttellasmilefromascowl,you'reprobablynotgettingenoughsleep."

Recognizingtheemotionalexpressionsofsomeoneelsechangeseverythingabout

whetherornotyoudecidetointeractwiththem,andinreturn,whethertheyinteractwith

you,"saidstudyseniorauthorMatthewWalker,aprofessorofpsychologyand

neuroscienceatUCBerkeley.ThefindingswerepublishedtodayintheJournalof

Neuroscience."Thesefindingsareespeciallyworryingconsideringthattwo-thirdsof

peopleinthedevelopednationsfailtogetsufficientsleep,"Walkeradded.Indeed,the

resultsdonotbodewellforcountlesssleep-starvedgroups,saidstudyleadauthorAndrea

Goldstein-Piekarski,apostdoctoralfellowatStanfordUniversity,whostartedthestudy

asaPh.D.studentatUCBerkeley."Considertheimplicationsforstudentspullingall-

nighters,emergency-roommedicalstaff,militaryfightersinwarzonesandpoliceofficers

ongraveyardshifts,"shesaid.Fortheexperiment,18healthyyoungadultsviewed70

facialexpressionsthatrangedfromfriendlyiothreatening,oncealterafullnightofsleep,

andonceafter24hoursofbeingawake.Researchersscannedparticipants'brainsand

measuredtheirheartratesastheylookedattheseriesofvisages.Brainscansasthey

carriedoutthesetasks-generatedthroughfunctionalMagneticResonance

Imaging(fMRI)—revealedthatthesleep-deprivedbrainscouldnotdistinguishbetween

threateningandfriendlyfaces,especiallyintheemotion-sensingregionsofthebrains

anteriorinsulaandanteriorcingu-latecortex.Additionally,theheartratesofsleep-

deprivedstudyparticipantsdidnotrespondnormallytothreateningorfriendlyfacial

expressions.Moreover,researchersfbundadisconnectionintheneurallinkbetweenthe

brainandheartthattypicallyenablesthebodytosensedistresssignals."Sleep

deprivationappearstodislocatethebodyfromthebrain,"saidWalker."Youcan'tfollow

yourheart."Asaconsequence,studyparticipantsinteipretedmorefaces,eventhe

friendlyorneutralones,asthreateningwhensleep-deprived."Theyfailedouremotional

Rorschachtest,"Walkersaid."Insufficientsleepremovestherosetinttoouremotional

world,causinganoverestimationofthreat.Thismayexplainwhypeoplewhoreport

gettingtoolittlesleeparelesssocialandmorelonely."Onamorepositivenote,

researchersrecordedtheelectricalbrainactivityoftheparticipantsduringtheirfullnight

ofsleep,andfoundthattheirqualityofRapidEyeMovement(REM)ordreamsleep

correlatedwiththeirabiliiytoaccuratelyreadfacialexpressions.Previousresearchby

WalkerhasfbundthatREMsleepservestoreducestressncurochcmicalsandsoften

painfulmemories.'Thebetterthequalityofdreamsleep,themoreaccuratethebrainand

bodywasatdifferentiatingbetweenfacialexpressionsWalkersaid."Dreamsleep

appearstoresetthemagneticnorthofouremotionalcompass.Thisstudyprovidesyet

moreproofofouressentialneedforsleep."

26、AccordingtoMatthewWalker,whichofthefollowingcannotbeinferredfromthe

findings?

A、Insufficientsleepwillhinderapersonfromhavingagoodinterpersonalrelationship.

B、Peoplefromdevelopedcountriestendmoreeasilytotakefriendsasfoesthanpeople

fromdevelopingcountries.

C、Whenyougetnotenoughsleeprecently,yourheartratesbecomeabnormalto

recognizefriendlyfaces.

D^REMsleeptendstohelppeoplegetrelievedfromtheirpainfulmemories.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推断题。定位到第一段最后一句：Thesefindingsareespecially

worryingconsideringthattwo-thirdsofpeopleinthedevelopednationsfailtoget

sufficienlsleep.原文只说发达国家三分之二的人睡眠不足，并不能说明发达国家

人民比发展中国家人民更容易lakefriendsasfoes,属于偷梁换柱题，故选项［B］为

正确答案。

27、Whoismoresusceptibletomixingthreateningandfriendlyfaces?

A、Apoliceofficeronduty.

B、Asurgeonhavingperformedanoperation.

C、Astudentoverloadedbyhomework.

D、Ahealthyyoungadultbeingawakeforawholenight.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。定位到第二、三、四段，定位词为：mix和faces。本文一

直强调睡眠不足会导致对敌友的混淆。原文第二段最后一句提到了3个职业：熬通

宵的学生、急诊室的医务工作人员和值夜班的警察。都是强调了熬夜和睡眠不足，

[AHBHC]不能确切表明是睡眠不足的情况，故排除。根据第六、七段可确定答案

为[D],即整夜不睡的体格健壮的年轻人。

28、Accordingtotheresultoftheexperiment,thesleep-deprivedparticipantstendto

recognizefriendlyfacesasthreateningduetothefollowingexceptthat.

A、Theirbrainswillmalfiincrionintheregionsofanteriorinsulaandanteriorcinguate

cortex

B、Theirheartratesdonotrespondtotheorderofbrainaboutthefacialexpression

C^Thebrain'semotionalsensingregionisaggressivetotheneutralfaceandtakesitas

threatening

D、Thebodycannotreceivetheemotionalsignalsfromthebrainbecausetheneutral

linkisdisconnected

标准答案：C

知识点解析：信息题。定位到第四段，定位词为：study和participants。第四段中

提至ljthesleep-deprivedbrainscouldnotdistinguishbetweenthreateningandfriendly

faces,especiallyintheemotion—sensingregionsofthebrain'santeriorinsulaand

anteriorcingulatecortex.Thebrainscouldnotdistinguish说明它malfunction,故排除

[A]<>Heart属于身体的一部分,由于adisconnectionintheneurallinkbe—tweenthe

brainandheart,所以theheart或者body不能听从brain发出的关于对他人面部表隋

判断的指令。故排除故正确答案为[0,aggressive言过其实。

29>Therosetintmay.

A、makepeople'smindfulloffancy

B、makepeoplelesssociable

C、overestimatethethreat

D、easedowntheoutsidethreatening

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：词汇题。定位到倒数第二段，定位词为：rosetinto根据上下文，当

移去了roselinl时，就容易让人过高估计外在威胁，说明roselinl给生活和心理添

上一层美好色彩，让人们放松。故［D］为正确答案。阳］［C］表述与定位句恰好相

反，故排除。［A］说让人们生活充满了幻想，有点言过其实，不太确切，故排除。

30、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthe"dreamsleep"?

A、ItisanecessityforensuringthecoiTectemotionaljudgement.

B、Itcanpromotetheconnectionofbodyandbraininreadingfacialexpressions.

C、Itcanhelpreducethestressofcerebralnerve.

D、Itcangethighqualitywhenlong-timesleepisensured.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题.定位到最后一段。|A］中dreamsleepisanecessity说法过于绝

对，故为正确答案。由倒数第三句话Thebetterthequalityofdreamsleep,themore

accuratethebrainandbodywasatdifferentiatingbetweenfacialexpressions可看出［B］

表述正确，故排除；由该段第二句话中的REMsleepservestoreducestress

neurochemicals可确定［C］表述正确，故排除；本文强调充足睡眠的重要性，根据该

段第一句话，我们知道在充足睡眠的状态下，dreamsleep的质量可以保证，进而

影响读取面部表情的能力，故［D］表述正确，可排除。

Threetobaccocompaniesarcappealingagainsta"historic"decisionbyaCanadiancourt

toawardsmokersC.$15.6hn(£R.2bn)indamages.QuebecsuperiorcourtjusticeBrian

Riordansaidthecompanieshadputprofitsbeforethehealthoftheircustomers,ashe

issuedhislong-awaiteddecisioninwhatisthoughttobeCanada'slargestclass-action

lawsuit.BruceJohnston,alawyerwithoneofthefirmsthattookonthetobacco

companies,calledtheruling"historic—notjustforthecompensationforvictimsbutalso

forpublichealthandaccountability".Morethanamillionsmokersandformersmokersin

Quebecwereseekingdamages,onthegroundsthatthecompaniesknewtheywereselling

aharmfulproductbutconcealedtherisks.Thecasecoveredtwogroupsofplaintiffs:

thosewhobecameseriouslyillfromsmokingandthosewhosaidtheycouldnotquit

Riordanfoundfortheplaintiffsinascathingjudgmentagainstthreetobacco

companies-ImperialTobaccoCanada,asubsidiaryofBritishAmericanTobacco;

Rothmans,Benson&Hedges,asubsidiaryofPhilipMorris;andJTIMacdonaldLtd.part

ofJapanTobacco."Thecompaniesearnedbillionsofdollarsattheexpenseofthelungs,

thethroatsandthegeneralwell-beingoftheircustomers,"hewroteina276

judgment."Ifthecompaniesareallowedtowalkawayunscathednow,whatwouldbethe

messagetootherindustriesthattodayortomorrowfindthemselvesinasimilarmoral

conflict?"OneofthelawsuitswasbroughtbyJean-YvesBlais,whodiedoflungcancer

in2012aged68.AtapressconferenceinMontreal,hiswidowurgedpeopletoquit

smoking.nYourhealthiscompletelylost,'1saidLiseBlaise,carryingphotosofherlate

husband.Althoughthecaseswerelaunchedin1998,thetrialdidnotbeginuntilMarch

2012.ProceedingsconcludedinDecember2012afterthecourtheardfrom76witnesses

andreviewedmorethan43,000documents.Allthreetobaccofirmssaidtheyplannedto

contestthedecision.ImperialTobaccoCanadasaidthejudgment"ignorestherealitythat

bothadultconsumersandgovernmentshaveknownabouttherisksassociatedwith

smokingfordecades".Itsparentcompany,BritishAmericanTobacco,oneoftheUK's

biggestenterprises,wasthebiggestfallerontheLondonstockexchangeonTuesday,

losing1.5%ofitsvalue.Inastatementtoinvestors,BATsaidnopaymentswouldbe

madeuntilarequesttostaytheexecutionorderhasbeenheard."Therearestronglegal

groundswithwhichtochallengeboththeoveralljudgmentandtoseekastayofthe

provisionalexecutionorder,whichImperialTobaccoCanadawilldowithin30daysof

theoriginal27Mayruling,"itsaid.

31、TherulebytheCanadiancourtiscalled"historic"mainlyfor.

A、thecompensationforjusticesindamages

B、thesumofmoneyinvolvedwithawarding

C^theprofitsbeingputbeforecourt'sdecision

D、theconcernaboutpublichealthandtrust

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。［A］选项中出题人把消费者偷换成了justices,你看出来了

吗?［B］选项对应第三段破折号后的notjustforthecompensationforvictims,其中the

sumofmoneyinvolvedwithawarding=thecompensationo但是题干中有一个信息是

mainly,所以notjust不符合mainly的要求。［C］选项对应的是第二段中的由c

companieshadputprofitsbeforethehealthoftheircustomers,但是出题人把healthof

theircustomers偷换为了court'sdecision,所以排除n［D］选项对应第三段中的but

alsoforpublichealthandaccountability,符合mainly的要求，而旦

trust=accounlabilityo

32、Theword"scathing"(Line1,Para.5)mostprobablymeans.

A^favoring

B、criticizing

C^challenging

D^objective

标准答案：B

知识点解析：词汇题。这个题目定位到第五段第一句，线索就在这句的against；

而旦根据主题为王的原则可以知道法庭对于烟草公司的态度就是反对的，所以这里

唯一合适的选项就是［B］选项。［C］选项虽然有质疑的意思，但是这里明显不只是质

疑，而是反对。而［AHD］选项可以直接排除。

33、WhyistheLiseBlaisementionedinthepassage?

A、Toshowhersadnessoflosingherhusband.

B、Toshowthedifficultytofightforthejustifiedrights.

CNTOshowcompaniesprofitatthecostofpublichealth.

D、Toshowthelongbattlebetweenpublicandcompany.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：例证题。一般而言，例证题的错误都是定位错误!这个题目直接定位

到第六段第一句：Thecompaniesearnedbillionsofdollarsaltheexpenseofthe

lungs.thethroatsandthegeneralwell-beingoftheircustomers.这是后面的例子所要

说明的观点和结论，故［C］选项正确。其他三个选项无论是否合理，都不是这个例

子所对应的观点，所以排除！

34、Thevoicefromthetobaccoindustrysaidthat.

A^thejudgmentofthecourtisimpossiblyreasonable

B、thejudgmentcauseditsgreatlossonthevalueofstockmarket

C、itwouldn'tmakethepaymentswithoutfurthermovefromcourt

D、thecourthasmadethefairlyreasonableandacceptableruling

标准答案：C」

知识点解析：细节题。|A|选项中的impossibly是一个程度副词，相当于very,所

以这个选项和第四个选项其实是一个意思，都是说合理，但是文中明确谈到了他们

认为这个判决是不合理的。IB］选项不是烟草行业直接发声，烟草行业并没有说判

决造成了他们的损失，所以排除!［C］选项是对倒数第二段最后一句Inastatementto

investors,BATsaidnopaymentswouldbemadeuntilarequesttostaytheexecution

orderhasbeenheard的完妥同义替换，即：在没有进―少行动的情况下，他们是不

会支付赔偿的。

35、Whichofthefollowingisprobablythebesttitleforthetext?

A、TobaccoGiantsVowtoFightCanadianJudgment

B、TheImperialTobaccoFightsBackLegalInequality

C>ThePublicHealthMovementConcerningTobacco

D、TheOverallJudgmentConcerningLegalRuling

标准答案：A、‘

知识点解析：主旨题。主旨题的定位是返回原文找到主题句或者是主题词；正确答

案中应该包含主题词或其同义替换词。这篇文章的主题词是tobaccocompanies和

courto［B］选项中的theimperial【obacco是细节，所以不对：［C］选项中连法院的判

决都没有，当然排除；［D］选项没有烟草公司，所以排除。故本题选［A］。

Aprominentgoldforecasterpredictstheyellowmetalwilldroptoamere$350an

ounce,dramaticallylowerthanwhatmostexpertsarecurrentlycallingfor.ButClaude

Erb'spredictionmighthavemerit.Backin2012,Erb,aformercommoditiestraderat

TCWGroup,co-authoredalandmarkresearchpaperwithDukeUniversityprofessor

CampbellHarveythatwasearlytopredictgold'sdownfall.Atthetime,goldwasfetching

northof$1,600anounce.Nowit'stradingbelow$1,100.Thepaperusedhistorical

analysistoshowthatifgoldisaninflationhedge-asmanypeoplebelievethenits

extremelyexpensiveatcurrentlevels.ErbandHarvey'sresearchsuggeststhatgold'sfair

valueisabout$825anounce.Thatwouldrepresentabouta25%declinefromtoday's

price.Butgoldtendstomovetoextremesbeforerevertingbacktoitsfairvalue.Gold

prices,likestockandbondprices,areinfluencedbyexcessivelevelsofinvestor

optimismandpessimism."Marketsrarelytradeat'fairvalue,'rathertheytendto

overshoot/*Erbsaid.Theirresearchsuggestsgoldcouldtumbletoa-bout$350anounce

beforeitgoesbacklofairvalues.Plungingthatlowwouldiranslaletoan80%crashfrom

gold'speakpriceinlate2011.ErbandHarvey'sresearchisnotconcrete.Evenifthey're

rightthatgoldisoverv