浙江省衢州市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题 含解析

高二英语考生须知：1．全卷分试卷和答题卷。考试结束后，将答题卷上交。2．试卷共10页，有4大题，67小题。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。3．请将答案做在答题卷的相应位置上，写在试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howwillthemangotothelibrary?A.Bycar. B.Bybike. C.Bytaxi.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doyouneedalifttothelibrary?I’mgoingdowntowntothemarketandit’snotfaroutofmyway.M:Thanks,butI’mplanningtocycledown.Icancertainlytakeexercise.Ievencanceledthetaximywifecalledforme.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whendidthefireworksstart?A.Atabout7:55. B.Atabout8:00. C.Atabout8:20.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Badluck!Imissedtheopeningceremony!Iwasstuckinthetrafficjam!W:It’sarealshame.Theceremonyjustkickedoffaround7:55,andthenthefireworksandthekeynotespeechstarted5minuteslater.M:What?IfonlyIhadcomejust20minutesearlier,Iwouldhavecaughtthefireworks!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tobuyapoetrybook. B.Toshareherson’spoems. C.Tojoinareadinggroup.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,Iwanttoencouragemysontoreadsomepoems.So,whichcollectiondoyouthinkhecanread?M:Thiscollectionofclassicpoemsisaccessibletoallagegroups,anditisonsalefor30%offthisweek.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Bossandemployee.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Mr.Smith,doyoumindifIhaveThursdayandFridayoffthisweek?M:Betternot,please.We’llbeverybusywiththenewproject.W:Ifso,I’llmissmybestfriend’swedding.Isthereanyonewhocanfillinformeduringthattime?M:I’msosorry.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Fixingabrokencomputer. B.Solvingafileproblem. C.Learningtouseasoftware.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Jason.IhaveaworddocumentthatIcan’topenforsomereason.M:Wereyouabletoopenitbeforeonthiscomputer?W:Yeah,Ireallyneedyoutoprovidetechnicalsupportforthisproblem.M:Don’tworry.SendmethefileandletmeseeifIcangetittoopen.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatdoesthemansayaboutVivian’scar?A.It’sabitsmallforher. B.It’sdangeroustodrive. C.Itwon’tcostmuchtorepair.7.WhatdoesthemanoffertodoforVivian?A.Giveheralift. B.Helprepairhercar. C.Lendhersomemoney.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:What’sthematter,Vivian?Youlooklikeyouhavealotonyourmind.W:Well,it’smycar.It’sinthegarageagain!Itwasverydangerousthatthebrakelostcontrolsuddenly.M:Thankfully,therepaircostswon’tbetoohigh.PartsforAmericancarslikeyoursaregenerallymoreaffordable.W:I’llgetanewsmalloneifthereissomethingwrongwithitagain.M:That’sOK.Bytheway,doyouneedmetodriveyouhomeafterworktoday?W:Oh,I’dappreciateit.It’sreallytoughgettingaroundwithoutacarwhenweleavetheindustrialpark.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatdoesthemanthinkofQuizletinthebeginning?A.Itistime-consuming. B.Itisnotforteenagers. C.Itisexpensive.9.Whatistheapp’sadvantageaccordingtothewoman?A.Itworksoffline. B.Itistotallyfree. C.Itisgoodforstudy.10.Whatdoesthewomanagreetodo?A.Hireapropertutor. B.Trythefreeversionfirst. C.Choosetheupgradedplan.【答案】8.B9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Honey,whatabouthiringatutortohelpTomwithhisexams?W:Ithinkit’sjustverytime-consumingtofindarighttutor.HaveyouheardofQuizlet?M:Yes,thatflashcardapp,right?Wait,Ithoughtit’sforlittlekids.ButTomis13-woulditstillworkforhim?W:Actually,it’snotjustflashcardsanymore.They’vegotpuzzlegames,quizzes,andevensharedstudysets.They’rereallyengagingandveryhelpfulforlearning.Thereisafreeversion,butithaslimitedfeatures.M:Hmm,whataboutthepaidplans?Isaweightdollarsamonthor36dollarsayear.Whichoneisbetter?W:Theannualplansavesmoney,butdoeshereallyneedallthosefeatures?Thefreeversionmightnothavetheinteractivegames,though.M:Tomstruggleswithvocabulary,somaybethewordgameswouldhelp.Let’stakeashotatthefreeversiontostartwith,thenupgradeifweneedto.W:Goodidea.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.HowdoesthewomanthinkAIischangingourlives?A.Itcangradeessays. B.Itcanchangelanguages. C.Itcandoprogramming.12.Whatistheman’sviewonAIineducation?A.Itplaysaminorroleinteaching.B.Itcanbeagreattoolforeducators.C.Itwillreplacehumanteachersentirely.13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ThesignificantimpactofAI.B.Thedevelopmentofeducation.C.AI’slowemotionalintelligence.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】M:HaveyounoticedhowAIischangingourlives?W:Sure.It’scrazyhowitcanwriteessays,translatelanguages,evencodeprograms—allinseconds.M:MyschoolstartedusingAI-poweredtutoringtoolslastmonth.W:Doyouthinkit’llreplacejobssomeday,suchashumanteachers?M:Notreplace,butassist!TheAItutorscaninstantlygrademyessaysandgivepersonalizedfeedback.AIsavesmetime,soIcanfocusmoreonteaching.W:Butarobotcan’tunderstandastudent’sfrustrationlikearealteacher.M:Youhaveapoint.MaybeAIisbetterforrepetitivetasks,whilehumanshandlethecreativeandempatheticpartsofteaching.W:Humansstillwinatemotionalintelligence.ButimagineAIhelpingdoctorsdiagnosediseasesfaster!M:Agreed.Technologyshouldenhanceeducation,nottakeovercompletely.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatdoesthemanexplaintothewomanatfirst?A.Theharmofsolidwastes.B.Theuseofthenewdustbin.C.Modernrecyclingtechniques.15.WhatisthepurposeofGreenMovement?A.Tocollecttheusedbatteries.B.Tostopusingthrowawaychopsticks.C.Toraiseenvironmentalawareness.16.Whatwillthewomandotomorrowafternoon?A.Gotoalecture. B.Joinaclub. C.Designaproject.【答案】14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyounoticedthenewdustbininfrontofourschoolgate?W:Yeah,what’sitfor?Ithinktwodustbinsareenoughforusedpaperandsolidwaste.Whydoweneedaspecialdustbin?Isitreallyforgarbage?M:Notreally.Actually,it’sadustbinforusedbatteries.Youknow,therearestillalotofheavymetalsleftinusedbatteries,sobyrecyclingthebatteries,wecannotonlymakefulluseofthemetalsleft,butalsopreventtheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.W:Oh,Isee.Canthisreallywork?M:Ofcourse.Eventhoughwearenotexpertsonenvironment,thereisstillalotwecando.TheStudentUnionissponsoringaone-monthprogramcalledGreenMovement,whichisaimedatmakingmoreandmorestudentsawareofseriousenvironmentalproblemswearefacingnow.W:Soundsquiteexciting.Whatcanwedo?M:Well,quitealot.Wecanstopusingthoseplasticmealboxesandthrowawaychopsticks.Plasticmealboxesdogreatharmtotheenvironmentandthrowawaychopsticksareabigwasteofforestresources.Therewillbealecturetomorrowafternoonat4o’clock.Feelfreetoattenditifyouhaveaninterestinthetopic.W:Asithappens,I’mnotbusy,soI’llcomealong.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Teachingaclass. B.Hostingaprogram. C.Explainingatheory.18.WhatdidRhamifindinthepurse?A.AnIDcard. B.Adrivinglicense. C.Lotsofcash.19.HowdidRhamigivethepursebacktotheowner?A.Bygivingtheowneraphonecall.B.Byturningtothepoliceforhelp.C.Byaskingthecashieratthecafe.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoingintheend?A.Settingrolemodels.B.Teachingbigtheories.C.Rewardinghonestbehavior.【答案】17.B18.C19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,audienceandfriends.It’stimeforAroundOurLife.Thebigtheoryisemptytothechildren,butoftenafewsmallthingswillgivethechildrendeepinfluenceandeducation.TodayI’llshareastoryaboutateenagerwithyou.RhamiZeiniisahighschoolstudent.Hewasdrivinghomefromschoolwhenhespottedablackpurseinthemiddleoftheroad.Heopeneditanddiscoveredmuchmoremoneythathe’deverseeninhislife:$10,000.Hewasdelightedtofindabusinesscardinit,butthephonenumbercouldn’tberecognized.Hisparentsdrovehimtothepolicestation.There,awatchofficerwasabletolocatetheownerandreturnthemoney.Thepurse’sownerwassogratefulthatshegaveRhami$100.Sherecalledshepaidforherlunchatthecashier’satacafe.Shebelievedsheleftthepurseontheroofofhercarwhenshedroveaway.“Tome,Ifiguredthisistherightthingtodo,”Rhamisaid,“iftheroleswerereversedandIhadlostsomethingwithasignificantsumofmoneyinside,IknowIwouldwantitbackforsure.Evenasimpleactofgoodnesscanleavealastingimpressiononyoungpeople,asshowninthisstory.”Soinourlifeweshouldfindandsetupsomepositiveexamplesforstudents.That’sallfortoday.Thankyouforyourlistening.Seeyou!第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AINNOVATEHUB:CO-WORKINGSPACETiredofworkinginnoisycafesorisolatedathome?Whetheryouareafreelancedesigneroratechstart-upteam,InnovateHubofferstheperfectsharedworkspaceintheheartofthecity.Chooseamembershipplanthatboostsyourproductivity!MembershipOptionsPlanMonthlyFeeAccessHoursFreePrintingBasic$609:00am—6:00pm(Mon—Fri)50pages/monthPro$12024/7Access200pages/monthStudent$40Weekends&Holidaysonly20pages/monthNote:Extraprintingcosts$0.10perpageforallmembers.MemberBenefitsAllmembershavefreeaccesstoourhigh-speedWi-Fi,open-seatingareas,andcoffeeinthepublickitchen.Forthoseneedingsecurestorage,personallockersareavailableforrentat$15permonth,whichisentirelyfreeforProMembers.GuestPolicyBasic&StudentMembersarenotallowedtobringexternalguestsintotheworkspace.ProMemberscaninviteupto2guestsatatime.Guestsmustregisteratthefrontdeskandleavethebuildingby8:00pm.MeetingRoomBookingWefeaturethreestate-of-the-artmeetingrooms.ProMembersenjoy4hoursoffreemeetingroomusagemonthly;afterthat,arateof$15perhourapplies.BasicandStudentMemberscanbookroomsatarateof$20perhour.Cancellationsmustbemadeatleast12hoursinadvancetoavoida50%penalty(处罚)fee.WeeklyEventsJoinour“TechFriday”networkingeventseveryFridayeveningfrom7:00pmto9:00pm.It’sanexcellentopportunitytoshareideasandmeetpotentialpartners.Freeentryisguaranteedforallregisteredmembers.HowtoJoinVisitourwebsiteattofillouttheapplicationform.21.WhatisthemainsellingpointofInnovateHub?A.Freecoffeeandsnacks. B.Aquietandprivateenvironment.C.Asharedcity-centerworkplace. D.Thecheapestmembershipplans.22.WhatisthetotalmonthlycostforaBasicMemberprinting80pages?A.$60. B.$63. C.$68. D.$80.23.WhichserviceisonlyofferedtoProMembers?A.Invitinggueststotheworkspace.B.Enjoyingfreedrinksandsnacks.C.Cancelingroombookingswithoutpenalty.D.Attending“TechFriday”networkingevents.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【解析】【导语】文章主要介绍创新中心联合办公空间的套餐、福利、规则及入会方式等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whetheryouareafreelancedesigneroratechstart-upteam,InnovateHubofferstheperfectsharedworkspaceintheheartofthecity.(无论你是自由设计师还是科技初创团队，InnovateHub都能在市中心提供完美的共享办公空间。)”可知，该办公空间的主要卖点是位于市中心的共享办公场地。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据表格Basic对应的“50pages/month(每月打印50页)”及表格下方“Note:Extraprintingcosts$0.10perpageforallmembers.(注：所有会员超出免费额度的打印费用为每页0.10美元。)”可知，基础会员打印80页，超出30页，额外费用3美元，每月的月费60美元，总计63美元。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据GuestPolicy板块中“Basic&StudentMembersarenotallowedtobringexternalguestsintotheworkspace.ProMemberscaninviteupto2guestsatatime.(基础会员和学生会员不可带访客，高级会员每次最多可邀请两名访客。)”可知，只有高级会员可以邀请访客进入办公区。BWorkingasaseniorprojectmanagerinahighlycompetitivefirm,Iviewedeverysingleminuteasavaluableresource.Tome,asupermarketcheckoutlinewasnothingbutafrustratingblockstandingbetweenmeandmybusyeveningschedule.Iwouldalwaysscanthecashierscarefully,calculatingwhichlinewouldmovethefastest.OneFridayevening,exhaustedandeagertogethome,IrushedintotheshortestlineIcouldfind.Itwasn’tuntilIwasblockedbyothercartsthatInoticedthesignabove:“SlowCheckout.”Isighedinwardly.Iwastrappedbehindanelderlyladywhowasslowlycountingoutcoinstopayforhergroceries.Worsestill,shewasengagedinadetailedconversationwiththeyoungcashierabouthergrandson’supcomingpianorecital.Irepeatedlycheckedmywatch,myfrustrationmountingwitheachpassingsecond.However,asIwatchedthesceneunfold,myannoyancebegantofadeintoguilt.Thecashierwasn’trushingheratall;instead,hemaintainedwarmeyecontactandlistenedattentively.Forabriefmoment,Isawtheelderlywoman’sfacelightupwithgenuinejoy.Itsuddenlyhitme.Aswecaretoomuchaboutspeedandmaximumefficiencytoday,weoftencompletelyoverlookthehumanelement.Forthatelderlywoman,thisbrief,slowinteractionwasn’tadelay;itmighthavebeentheonlymeaningfulconversationshehadallday.Mydesperateneedtosavefiveminutespaledincomparisontoherneedforconnection.Whenitwasfinallymyturn,Ididn’trushtoswipemycardandleave.Instead,Itookadeepbreath,smiledatthecashier,andaskedhowhisdaywasgoing.Sometimes,slowingdowndoesn’tmeanfallingbehind;itsimplymeanstakingthetimetoactuallylive.24.Whatdidtheauthormainlyfocusonwhenshoppinginthepast?A.Seekingthelowestprices. B.Enjoyingfriendlyservices.C.Observingothers’behavior. D.Findingthefastestline.25.Howdidtheauthorfinallyfeelafterwitnessingtheconversation?A.Stressed. B.Confused. C.Ashamed. D.Impatient26.Whatcanweinferabouttheelderlywomanfromthetext?A.Shesimplylackedthemoney. B.Sheintentionallydelayedothercustomers.C.Sheprobablylivedalonelylife. D.Sheactuallyknewtheyoungcashierwell.27.Whatisthemainmessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?A.Propertimemanagementisvitaltosuccess.B.Respectingtheelderlyisatraditionalvirtue.C.Supermarketsshouldimprovecheckoutspeed.D.Efficiencyshouldn’toutweighhumanconnection.【答案】24.D25.C26.C27.D【解析】【导语】文章讲述了作者——一位忙碌的高级项目经理，在超市排队结账时因误入“慢速结账”通道，被迫等待一位老妇人慢慢数硬币并与收银员闲聊。起初作者焦躁不安，但随后意识到在这个追求效率的时代，我们往往忽视了人与人之间的情感联结。老妇人可能一整天都没有这样有意义的对话，而作者急于节省的五分钟与之相比显得微不足道。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Iwouldalwaysscanthecashierscarefully,calculatingwhichlinewouldmovethefastest.(我总会仔细打量收银员，计算哪条队伍移动得最快)”可知，作者过去购物时主要关注的是找到最快的结账队伍。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“However,asIwatchedthesceneunfold,myannoyancebegantofadeintoguilt.(然而，当我看着这一幕展开时，我的恼怒渐渐变成了内疚)”可知，作者目睹了收银员耐心倾听老妇人聊天的场景后，最终感到内疚。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Forthatelderlywoman,thisbrief,slowinteractionwasn'tadelay;itmighthavebeentheonlymeaningfulconversationshehadallday.(对那位老妇人来说，这段短暂而缓慢的互动不是拖延；这可能是她一整天唯一有意义的对话)”可推知，老妇人可能过着孤独的生活，所以这段对话对她来说弥足珍贵。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Aswecaretoomuchaboutspeedandmaximumefficiencytoday,weoftencompletelyoverlookthehumanelement.(当我们过于关注速度和最大效率时，我们常常完全忽视了人的因素)”以及最后一段“Sometimes,slowingdowndoesn'tmeanfallingbehind;itsimplymeanstakingthetimetoactuallylive.(有时候，放慢脚步并不意味着落后；它只是意味着花时间去真正生活)”可知，作者想要传达的主要信息是：效率不应该凌驾于人与人之间的情感联结之上。CWouldyoupreferabrand-newsmartphoneoranunforgettabledayoutwithfriends?Thishighlightsanimportantquestion:isitbettertobuythingsortoexperiencethings?AstudyofUKconsumersrevealedthatsixtypercentofpeoplewouldratherspendtheirmoneyonexperiencesthanmaterialpossessions.Notably,youngadultsaged18to34spendthemostonleisureactivities.Possessionscanlastformanyyears,whileexperiencesarefleeting.However,psychologyprofessorThomasGilovichsuggeststhismightbethewrongwaytolookatthings.Hediscoveredthatthejoyprovidedbyphysicalobjectsfadesquickly.Wesoonadapttonewitems,makingthemour“newnormal”ratherthanacontinuingsourceofexcitement.Furthermore,possessionsoftenleadtosocialcomparison,whichcaneasilytriggerfeelingsofenvytowardothers.Incontrast,aholidayoraconcertmayhaveashortduration,butthehappinessitgenerateslastsmuchlonger.Waitingforapackagetoarriveisoftenfrustrating,whereasanticipatinganexcitingeventbringsusjoy.Becauseexperiencesarefrequentlyshared,theystrengthenoursocialconnections,providinglastinghappinessthroughmeaningfulinteractionwithothers.Moreover,memoriesofourexperienceseventuallybecomeanessentialpartofouridentity.AsGilovichpointsout,wearethesumofourexperiences.Whilephysicalgoodsnaturallybreakdownorgooutofstyleovertime,ourmemoriescangiveuspleasureyearafteryear,easilyoutlivinganymaterialitem.Ofcourse,thechoiceisnotalwayssimple.Happinessgainedfromexperiencesmightdependonpersonalityandcurrentlivingconditions.Forinstance,introverted(内向的)peoplemightfindlargesocialeventslessrewarding,andthoselackingbasicbelongingsmightgetgreatersatisfactionfromobjects.Nevertheless,formostofus,whendecidinghowtospendourdisposableincome,choosing“doing”over“having”generallyleadstogreaterlong-termfulfillment.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fleeting”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Short-lived. B.High-priced. C.Long-lasting. D.Old-fashioned.29.Whydophysicalobjectsfailtobringuslastingjoy?A.Theyquicklylosetheirfreshappeal. B.Theyphysicallylastforashorttime.C.Theyhardlyoffersocialconnections. D.Theyeasilytriggersocialcomparison.30.Whatcanaffectthejoywegetfromexperiences?A.Socialinteractions. B.Charactertypes.C.Others’judgments. D.Pastexperiences.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ShoppingorSaving:WhatBringsLastingJoy?B.DoingorHaving:WhichBuysMoreHappiness?C.PossessionsorExperiences:WhichFadeFaster?D.ExpensiveorCheap:WhatBringsMoreSatisfaction?【答案】28.A29.A30.B31.B【解析】【导语】文章主要探讨了购买物质产品与体验经历哪种能带来更持久的幸福感，并通过心理学研究论证了体验优于物质。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Possessionscanlastformanyyears,whileexperiencesarefleeting.(物质财富可以持续很多年，而体验则是fleeting)”可知，while表示对比，与“持续多年”相对的含义应为“短暂的”。A项Short-lived“短暂的”符合文意。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hediscoveredthatthejoyprovidedbyphysicalobjectsfadesquickly.Wesoonadapttonewitems,makingthemour“newnormal”ratherthanacontinuingsourceofexcitement.(他发现实体物品带来的快乐消退得很快。我们很快就会适应新物品，使其变成我们的“新常态”，而不再是持续的兴奋源)”可知，物质失去持久吸引力的原因是它们很快就失去了新鲜感。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Happinessgainedfromexperiencesmightdependonpersonalityandcurrentlivingconditions.Forinstance,introverted(内向的)peoplemightfindlargesocialeventslessrewarding,andthoselackingbasicbelongingsmightgetgreatersatisfactionfromobjects.(从经历中获得的幸福可能取决于性格和当前的生活条件。例如，内向的人可能会发现大型社交活动的回报率较低，而那些缺乏基本物品的人可能从物品中获得更大的满足感)”可知，性格类型会影响我们从体验中获得的快乐。【31题详解】主旨大意题。文章开篇提出“买东西还是体验事情更好”的问题，随后通过对比物质财富和体验经历带来的幸福感，并在结尾总结“Nevertheless,formostofus,whendecidinghowtospendourdisposableincome,choosing“doing”over“having”generallyleadstogreaterlong-termfulfillment.(然而，对我们大多数人来说，在决定如何使用我们的可支配收入时，选择“做”而不是“拥有”通常会带来更大的长期满足感)”可知，文章围绕花钱买体验还是买物品展开，论证了“doing（体验）”比“having（拥有物质）”更能带来长久幸福感。B项“DoingorHaving:WhichBuysMoreHappiness?(体验还是拥有：哪个能买到更多幸福？)”最能概括全文主旨。DMoodiness,constanthomeworkdelays,anddifficultyinconcentratingarecommonstrugglesamongteenagers.Latelyonsocialmedia,somepeoplehavebeenblamingtheseissuesononespecificthing:theunderdevelopmentoftheirfrontallobes(前额叶).Thereisactuallysolidsciencebehindthisphenomenon.Thehumanbrainisdividedintotwohalves,andeachcontainsfourlobes.Thefrontallobesarethelargestpair,makingupahugepartofthebrain’souterlayer.Actinglikethebrain’s“CEO”,thefrontallobeshelpanindividualthinkstrategicallyandputoffimpulsive(冲动的)actions.Asapersongrows,thisvitalregiongraduallydevelopsconnectionswithotherbrainareas.Suchacomplexnetworkensuresthatourdailyexperiencesandemotionsarecarefullyprocessedthroughthatjudgmentcenter.Interestingly,braindevelopmenttakesmuchlongerthanweusuallyassume.Althoughthebrainreachesabout95percentofitsadultsizebetweenages16and20,thefrontallobesdonotfullymatureuntilaroundage25.Thelongmaturationjourneyinvolvesaprocesscalled“pruning”,inwhichrarelyusednervecellssimplydieoffbasedonthe“useitorloseit”principle.Forsomeindividuals,suchashapingprocessmightevencontinuewellintotheir30s.Becauseofthisslowdevelopment,thebrain’semotioncenterisn’tfullyconnectedtothefrontallobesduringadolescence.Thisdelayisparticularlyobviousinteenagers.Normally,logicalthinkingandemotionsmustworktogethertomakewisedecisions.However,ateenmayunderstandanissueintellectually,theiremotionalresponseoftenhappensseparatelyfromtheirlogic.Thisdisconnectfrequentlyleadstoimpulsivedecisions,asthetwobraincentersarenotyetinaperfect“dialogue”.Despitebeingthefinalbrainareastofullydevelop,thefrontallobesaretheearliesttodecline,aprocessthattypicallystartsinthemid-40s.Therefore,itishighlyrecommendedthatwetakeactivestepstokeepourbrain’s“CEO”healthy.Wecanachievethisbyconstantlystayingcurious,focusingonwhatistrulyimportant,andlearningtoignorelessrelevantactivitiesandinformationinourdailylives.32.Whatisthemainresponsibilityoffrontallobes?A.Todeterminethebrainsize. B.Tospeedupphysicalgrowth.C.Toproducecomplexemotions. D.Tomanagethinkingandimpulses.33.Whatisthefeatureofbraingrowthinyouth?A.Brainsizepeaksinadolescence. B.Frontallobesmaturerelativelyslowly.C.Braindevelopmentstopsbeforeage20. D.Activenervecellsgraduallydieoff.34.Whydoteenagerstendtomakeimpulsivechoices?A.Theirfrontallobesdeclinetooearly. B.Theyignorethebrain’sgrowthrules.C.Theirlogicandemotionfailtoconnect. D.Theyaremisledbysocialmedia.35.Howcanpeoplemaintainbrainhealth?A.Ensureenoughsleep. B.Startbraintrainingearly.C.Controlnegativeemotions. D.Overlooklessimportantdetails.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】文章主要讲述了大脑前额叶的发育特点、对青少年的影响及护脑方法。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Actinglikethebrain’s“CEO”,thefrontallobeshelpanindividualthinkstrategicallyandputoffimpulsive(冲动的)actions.(前额叶就像大脑的“CEO”，帮助人们进行策略性思考、抑制冲动行为。)”可知，前额叶的主要职责是管理思考和冲动。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Althoughthebrainreachesabout95percentofitsadultsizebetweenages16and20,thefrontallobesdonotfullymatureuntilaroundage25.(尽管大脑在16到20岁之间就能达到成年体积的95%，但前额叶要到25岁左右才会完全发育成熟。)”可知，青少年大脑发育的特点是前额叶成熟速度相对较慢。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“However,ateenmayunderstandanissueintellectually,theiremotionalresponseoftenhappensseparatelyfromtheirlogic.Thisdisconnectfrequentlyleadstoimpulsivedecisions,asthetwobraincentersarenotyetinaperfect“dialogue”.(然而，青少年可能在理智上理解某个问题，但他们的情绪反应往往与逻辑思维分离。这种脱节常常导致冲动的决定，因为这两个大脑中枢尚未形成完美的“对话”。)”可知，青少年容易做出冲动选择是因为他们的逻辑和情绪无法连通。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Wecanachievethisbyconstantlystayingcurious,focusingonwhatistrulyimportant,andlearningtoignorelessrelevantactivitiesandinformationinourdailylives.(我们可以通过不断保持好奇心、关注真正重要的事、学会忽略日常中不那么相关的活动和信息来保持大脑健康。)”可知，人们可以通过忽略不太重要的细节来维持大脑健康。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmighthearitcalledthesummerslide,summerlearninglossorevenbraindrain.Thesetermsalldescribehowstudentscanfallbehindacademicallyduringlongperiodswithnoschool-relatedtasks.____36____Thefollowingapproachesofferpracticalsolutions.____37____Volunteeringoffersopportunitiesforhands-onlearningandskill-buildingwhiledevelopingasenseofcommunity.Considertakingpartinacoastalclean-upactivitywithyourchildduringabeachvisit,orvolunteerwithananimalwelfareorganization.Youcanfindlocalopportunitiestogetinvolvedat.Don’tforgettologvolunteerhoursasactsofkindnessat.Discoverhobbiesorinterests.____38____Youcantalkaboutthesubjectsandactivitiesthatinterestthem.Anextendedbreakfromschoolallowsparentsandchildrenthefreedomtoexploretopicstheymaynothavehadtimeforduringtheschoolyear.Frommakingvideostoplantingagarden,hands-onlearningopportunitiesabound.Manycardandboardgamesprovideopportunitiestoworkonliteracyandnumeracyskills,too.Visityourlocallibrary.Weallknowreadingbuildscomprehensionandvocabularyskills,andthelibraryoffersplentyofsourcestodiveinandlearnmoreaboutthosehobbiesandinterestswementionedabove.Seriously,librariesliterallyhavesomethingforeveryone.Thelibrarynotonlyhasthousandsofbooksandmagazines.____39____Usetechnologytoimproveskills.There’snoshortageofeducationalwebsitesandappsthatcanbenefitastudent’sliteracy,numeracyandcreativity.____40____TheplatformalsooffersaneffectiveSATpracticeprogramforthosethinkingaboutcollege.Orhelpyourchildstartablogtopairtechnologywithwriting.A.Volunteerinthecommunity.B.Joinacommunitysportsleague.C.Ithighlightsbraindrainduringschoolbreaks.D.Beginbyhavingaconversationwithyourchildren.E.Sowhatcanparentsdotohelpyoungmindsstaysharp?F.Italsoofferscomputers,graphicnovels,andaudiorecordings.G.SiteslikeKhanAcademyprovideengaginglessonsforhighschoolstudents.【答案】36.E37.A38.D39.F40.G【解析】【导语】文章主要讲述了家长可通过志愿活动、培养兴趣、阅读及科技手段防止孩子暑期学业退步。【36题详解】上文“Thesetermsalldescribehowstudentscanfallbehindacademicallyduringlongperiodswithnoschool-relatedtasks.(这些术语都描述了学生在长时间没有学习任务期间学业落后的现象)”引出了暑期学业滑坡的问题。空后“Thefollowingapproachesofferpracticalsolutions.(以下方法提供了实用的解决方案)”提示空处应是一个承上启下的问句，引出家长的应对措施。选项E“Sowhatcanparentsdotohelpyoungmindsstaysharp?(那么，家长能做些什么来帮助孩子们保持敏锐的思维呢）”既总结了前文的问题，又自然引出了后文的具体建议，符合语境。【37题详解】此空为段落小标题。根据下文“Volunteeringoffersopportunitiesforhands-onlearningandskill-buildingwhiledevelopingasenseofcommunity.(志愿服务提供了实践学习和技能培养的机会，同时培养了社区意识)”可知，本段主要围绕“志愿服务”展开。选项A“Volunteerinthecommunity.(在社区做志愿者)”精准概括了段落主旨，适合作为小标题。【38题详解】下文“Youcantalkaboutthesubjectsandactivitiesthatinterestthem.(你可以和他们聊聊他们感兴趣的话题和活动)”中的“talkabout”提示空处应与“交谈”有关。选项D“Beginbyhavingaconversationwithyourch