2026年重庆市人教版初中英语第11单元语法填空专项题库

2026年重庆市人教版初中英语第11单元语法填空专项题库一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hespendsmostofhisfreetime______stampsfromallovertheworld.A.collectB.collectingC.tocollectD.collected参考答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“史密斯先生对收集邮票很感兴趣。他花大部分空闲时间收集来自世界各地的邮票。”根据句意，spendtimedoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，故用动词ing形式，选B。A项为动词原形，不符合语法；C项tocollect为不定式，不符合搭配；D项为过去分词，不符合语法。2.Thegirlwho______nexttomeinEnglishclassalwayshelpsmewithdifficultexercises.A.sitsB.sittingC.sitsD.sat参考答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“坐在我旁边英语课的那个女孩总是帮助我解决难题。”who引导的定语从句修饰girl，且从句中sits的逻辑主语是girl，二者为主动关系，应用现在分词sitting，故选B。A项和C项为动词原形，不符合语法；D项为过去式，不符合语境。3.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistakeinthemathtest.A.workB.workedC.willworkD.hadworked参考答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果你更仔细一点，数学考试就不会犯这样的错误了。”根据句意，表示对过去的假设，从句用过去式，主句用wouldhavedone，故选B。A项为一般现在时，不符合假设；C项为一般将来时，不符合假设；D项为过去完成时，不符合语境。4.Mybrother______tojoinusinthegame,buthewastootired.A.wantedB.wantC.waswantedD.wouldlike参考答案：A解析：考查动词时态。句意为“我哥哥想加入我们玩游戏，但他太累了。”根据buthewastootired，表示过去的事实，主句用过去时，故选A。B项为一般现在时，不符合语境；C项为被动语态，不符合句意；D项wouldlike为情态动词，不符合句意。5.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what参考答案：C解析：考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们是否完成了作业。”asksb.whether/ifsth.为固定搭配，表示“问某人是否做了某事”，故选C。A项和C项均可引导宾语从句，但whether更正式；B项that不能单独引导宾语从句；D项what引导宾语从句时需在从句中作成分，不符合句意。6.It’simportantforus______Englishwell,becauseit’susefulforourfuture.A.tolearnB.learnC.learningD.tobelearned参考答案：A解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“对我们来说学好英语很重要，因为它对未来有用。”It’simportantforsb.todosth.为固定搭配，表示“对某人做某事很重要”，故选A。B项无to，不符合语法；C项learning不符合搭配；D项tobelearned为被动形式，不符合句意。7.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose参考答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意为“住在隔壁的那个男孩是我的好朋友。”先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that，但who更常用，故选A。B项whom在从句中作宾语，不符合句意；C项that在从句中作主语或宾语，但此处更常用who；D项whose作定语，不符合句意。8.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom参考答案：A解析：考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。”先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that，但which更常用，故选A。B项that在从句中作主语或宾语，但此处更常用which；C项who指人，不符合句意；D项whom在从句中作宾语，不符合句意。9.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.A.amB.wereC.beD.is参考答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意为“如果我是你，我会为考试更努力学习。”表示对现在的假设，从句用一般过去时，故选B。A项和D项为一般现在时，不符合假设；C项be动词无时态变化，不符合语法。10.Thestudentsarebusy______forthefinalexam.A.toprepareB.prepareC.preparingD.prepared参考答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为“学生们正忙着为期末考试做准备。”bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“忙于做某事”，故选C。A项toprepare不符合搭配；B项prepare不符合语法；D项prepared为过去分词，不符合语法。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mysisterisgood______musicandoftenplaysthepiano______Sundayafternoons.参考答案：at；on解析：考查介词。begoodatsth.表示“擅长某事”，故第一个空填at；playsth.onSunday表示“在星期天做某事”，故第二个空填on。2.Theboy______issittinginthecornerismyyoungerbrother.参考答案：who解析：考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that，此处用who更自然。3.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistake.参考答案：hadworked解析：考查虚拟语气。表示对过去的假设，从句用过去完成时，主句用wouldhavedone，故填hadworked。4.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.参考答案：whether解析：考查宾语从句。asksb.whether/ifsth.为固定搭配，表示“问某人是否做了某事”，故填whether。5.It’simportantforus______Englishwell,becauseit’susefulforourfuture.参考答案：tolearn解析：考查非谓语动词。It’simportantforsb.todosth.为固定搭配，表示“对某人做某事很重要”，故填tolearn。6.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：which解析：考查定语从句。先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that，此处用which更自然。7.Thegirl______nexttomeinEnglishclassalwayshelpsmewithdifficultexercises.参考答案：who解析：考查定语从句。先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that，此处用who更自然。8.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.参考答案：were解析：考查虚拟语气。表示对现在的假设，从句用一般过去时，故填were。9.Thestudentsarebusy______forthefinalexam.参考答案：preparing解析：考查非谓语动词。bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“忙于做某事”，故填preparing。10.Mybrother______tojoinusinthegame,buthewastootired.参考答案：wanted解析：考查动词时态。根据buthewastootired，表示过去的事实，主句用过去时，故填wanted。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.TheboywhositsnexttomeinEnglishclassismygoodfriend.(×)解析：错。句中未说明是“我的好朋友”，只是描述了坐在我旁边的人，不能随意添加信息。2.Ifyouworkharder,youwillpasstheexam.(×)解析：错。根据句意，表示对过去的假设，主句用wouldhavedone，应为“Ifyouhadworkedharder,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.”3.Thegirlwhoissittinginthecornerismyyoungersister.(×)解析：错。句中未说明是“我的妹妹”，只是描述了坐在角落的人，不能随意添加信息。4.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(√)解析：对。先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that，此处用which正确。5.It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.(√)解析：对。It’simportantforsb.todosth.为固定搭配，表示“对某人做某事很重要”，故正确。6.Thestudentsarebusypreparingforthefinalexam.(√)解析：对。bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，表示“忙于做某事”，故正确。7.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.(√)解析：对。表示对现在的假设，从句用一般过去时，故正确。8.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(√)解析：对。asksb.whether/ifsth.为固定搭配，表示“问某人是否做了某事”，故正确。9.Mybrotherwantedtojoinusinthegame,buthewastootired.(√)解析：对。根据buthewastootired，表示过去的事实，主句用过去时，故正确。10.Theboywholivesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.(√)解析：对。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that，此处用who正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explaintheuseof"which"and"that"inrelativeclauses.参考答案："Which"and"that"arebothusedtointroducerelativeclauses."Which"isusedforthings,and"that"canbeusedforboththingsandpeople.Forexample:"ThebookwhichIborrowedisinteresting."(Thebookisathing,so"which"isused.)"Thegirlthatissittingthereismysister."(Thegirlisaperson,so"that"isused.)Insomecases,"which"canalsobeusedforpeople,but"that"ismorecommon.2.Whatisthestructureofaconditionalsentencetype2?参考答案：Conditionalsentencetype2isusedtoexpresshypotheticalsituationsinthepresentorfuture.Thestructureis:"If+presentsimple,would+baseverb."Forexample:"IfIhadmoretime,IwouldstudyEnglishharder."(表示对现在的假设，主句用woulddo.)3.Howdoyouuse"begoodat"and"begoodin"?参考答案："Begoodat"isusedtodescribesomeone’sabilityindoingsomething,followedbyanounorgerund.Forexample:"Heisgoodatswimming.""Begoodin"islesscommonandusuallyusedwithabstractnouns.Forexample:"Sheisgoodinmusic."However,"begoodat"ismorewidelyused.4.Whatisthedifferencebetween"whether"and"if"?参考答案："Whether"and"if"arebothusedtointroduceclausesofdoubtorchoice."Whether"ismoreformalandcanbeusedatthebeginningofasentence,while"if"ismorecommonandcannotbeusedatthebeginning.Forexample:"Idon’tknowwhethertogoorstay."(formal)"Idon’tknowiftogoorstay."(informal)5.Howdoyouuse"It’simportantforsb.todosth."?参考答案："It’simportantforsb.todosth."isafixedstructuretoexpressthatdoingsomethingissignificantforsomeone.Forexample:"It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell."(表示对某人做某事很重要。)6.Whatisthefunctionofagerund?参考答案：Agerundisaverbformendingin"-ing"thatfunctionsasanoun.Itcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementofasentence.Forexample:"Swimmingismyhobby."(subject)"Ienjoyswimming."(object)7.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?参考答案：Apassivevoicesentenceisformedby"be+pastparticiple."Forexample:"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim."(主动语态:Hewrotethebook.)Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthedoerisunknownorunimportant.8.Whatisthedifferencebetween"hadworked"and"worked"inaconditionalsentence?参考答案："Hadworked"isusedinpastunrealconditionalsentences(type3)toexpressahypotheticalsituationinthepast.Forexample:"IfIhadworkedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.""Worked"isusedinpresentunrealconditionalsentences(type2)toexpressahypotheticalsituationinthepresent.Forexample:"IfIworkedharder,Iwouldpasstheexam."五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Completethefollowingsentence:"Theboy______livesnextdoorismygoodfriend."参考答案：who解析：先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that，此处用who更自然。2.Completethefollowingsentence:"IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam."参考答案：were解析：表示对现在的假设，从句用一般过去时，故填were。3.Completethefollowingsentence:"Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting."参考答案：which解析：先行词book指物，且在从句中作主语，应用which或that，此处用which更自然。4.Completethefollowingsentence:"Thegirl______nexttomeinEnglishclassalwayshelpsmewithdifficultexercises."参考答案：who解析：先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that，此处用who更自然。5.Completethefollowingsentence:"Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework."参考答案：whether解析：asksb.whether/ifsth.为固定搭配，表