2026年专升本英语词汇与语法强化练习

2026年专升本英语词汇与语法强化练习一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1.Thecompanyhasbeenlosingmoneyforthepastthreequarters,which______theneedforcost-cuttingmeasures.A.highlightsB.emphasizesC.indicatesD.suggests【解析】本题考查动词词组辨析。A项“highlights”意为“突出显示”，强调重要性；B项“emphasizes”意为“强调”，侧重于突出某事；C项“indicates”意为“表明”，指通过迹象或证据显示某事；D项“suggests”意为“建议”，指提出可能性或意见。根据句意“公司过去三个季度一直在亏损，这表明了削减成本的必要性”，C项最符合语境，故选C。干扰项A、B、D虽与句意相关，但均未准确表达“表明”的含义，故排除。2.Despitetheheavyrain,theteam______tocompletetheprojectontime.A.attemptedB.managedC.succeededD.attempted【解析】本题考查动词辨析。A项“attempted”意为“试图”，但未完成；B项“managed”意为“设法完成”，强调克服困难达成目标；C项“succeeded”意为“成功”，但需完成动作；D项“attempted”重复，错误。根据句意“尽管下着大雨，团队还是设法按时完成了项目”，B项最符合语境，故选B。干扰项A、C、D均未体现“设法完成”的含义，故排除。3.Thenewpolicywill______thelivesofmillionsofpeoplebyreducinghealthcarecosts.A.affectB.impactC.influenceD.affect【解析】本题考查动词辨析。A项“affect”意为“影响”，通常指间接或情感上的影响；B项“impact”意为“冲击”，强调强烈或直接的影响；C项“influence”意为“影响”，侧重于改变行为或观点；D项“affect”重复，错误。根据句意“这项新政策将通过降低医疗成本来冲击数百万人的生活”，B项最符合语境，故选B。干扰项A、C、D均未体现“冲击”的含义，故排除。4.ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforfiveyears,butshestillfindsit______tomasterthegrammarrules.A.difficultB.hardC.challengingD.difficult【解析】本题考查形容词辨析。A项“difficult”意为“困难的”，通常指需要努力才能完成；B项“hard”意为“困难的”，常与“todo”搭配；C项“challenging”意为“有挑战性的”，强调刺激或吸引人；D项“difficult”重复，错误。根据句意“她学英语五年了，但仍然觉得掌握语法规则很困难”，A项最符合语境，故选A。干扰项B、C、D均未体现“困难”的含义，故排除。5.Thebook______methinkabouttheimportanceoffamilybonds.A.madeB.forcedC.compelledD.made【解析】本题考查动词辨析。A项“made”意为“使”，常与“todo”搭配；B项“forced”意为“强迫”，强调不情愿；C项“compelled”意为“迫使”，与“todo”搭配；D项“made”重复，错误。根据句意“这本书使我思考家庭纽带的重要性”，A项最符合语境，故选A。干扰项B、C、D均未体现“使”的含义，故排除。6.Themanageraskedtheemployeesto______theirideasduringthemeeting.A.shareB.exchangeC.tradeD.share【解析】本题考查动词辨析。A项“share”意为“分享”，指共同拥有或使用；B项“exchange”意为“交换”，强调互换；C项“trade”意为“交易”，指买卖；D项“share”重复，错误。根据句意“经理要求员工在会议上分享他们的想法”，A项最符合语境，故选A。干扰项B、C、D均未体现“分享”的含义，故排除。7.Theoldlibrary______foroveracenturybeforeitwasreplacedbyamodernbuilding.A.stoodB.stoodC.lastedD.lasted【解析】本题考查动词辨析。A项“stood”意为“站立”，指建筑物存在；B项“stood”重复，错误；C项“lasted”意为“持续”，指时间；D项“lasted”重复，错误。根据句意“老图书馆存在了超过一个世纪才被现代建筑取代”，A项最符合语境，故选A。干扰项B、C、D均未体现“存在”的含义，故排除。8.Despitethe______weather,thehikingtripwasagreatsuccess.A.terribleB.awfulC.horribleD.terrible【解析】本题考查形容词辨析。A项“terrible”意为“可怕的”，强调非常糟糕；B项“awful”意为“糟糕的”，常与“weather”搭配；C项“horrible”意为“可怕的”，强调极度不愉快；D项“terrible”重复，错误。根据句意“尽管天气糟糕，徒步旅行非常成功”，B项最符合语境，故选B。干扰项A、C、D均未体现“糟糕”的含义，故排除。9.Thescientist______agroundbreakingdiscoverythatcouldchangethefutureofmedicine.A.madeB.achievedC.createdD.made【解析】本题考查动词辨析。A项“made”意为“做出”，常与“discovery”搭配；B项“achieved”意为“实现”，常与“goal”搭配；C项“created”意为“创造”，常与“invention”搭配；D项“made”重复，错误。根据句意“科学家做出了一个可能改变医学未来的突破性发现”，A项最符合语境，故选A。干扰项B、C、D均未体现“做出”的含义，故排除。10.Thecompany'sprofitshavebeensteadily______overthepastyear.A.increasingB.risenC.grownD.increasing【解析】本题考查动词辨析。A项“increasing”意为“增加的”，常与“profits”搭配；B项“risen”意为“上升”，主语需为单数；C项“grown”意为“增长的”，常与“profits”搭配；D项“increasing”重复，错误。根据句意“公司利润在过去一年中一直在稳步增长”，A项最符合语境，故选A。干扰项B、C、D均未体现“增加的”含义，故排除。二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1.Thenewpolicywill______thecostoflivingformanyfamilies.【答案】reduce【解析】本题考查动词词组搭配。“reducethecostofliving”意为“降低生活成本”，故填“reduce”。2.Despitethe______weather,theteam______towinthechampionship.【答案】bad,managed【解析】本题考查形容词和动词搭配。“badweather”意为“糟糕的天气”；“managedtodo”意为“设法做”，故分别填“bad”和“managed”。3.Shehasbeen______Englishforfiveyears,butshestillfindsit______tomasterthegrammarrules.【答案】studying,difficult【解析】本题考查动词和形容词搭配。“studyingEnglish”意为“学习英语”；“difficulttodo”意为“做某事很困难”，故分别填“studying”和“difficult”。4.Thebook______methinkabouttheimportanceoffamilybonds.【答案】made【解析】本题考查动词搭配。“mademedo”意为“使我做某事”，故填“made”。5.Themanageraskedtheemployeesto______theirideasduringthemeeting.【答案】share【解析】本题考查动词搭配。“sharetheirideas”意为“分享他们的想法”，故填“share”。6.Theoldlibrary______foroveracenturybeforeitwasreplacedbyamodernbuilding.【答案】stood【解析】本题考查动词搭配。“stoodfor”意为“存在”，故填“stood”。7.Thescientist______agroundbreakingdiscoverythatcouldchangethefutureofmedicine.【答案】made【解析】本题考查动词搭配。“madeadiscovery”意为“做出一个发现”，故填“made”。8.Thecompany'sprofitshavebeensteadily______overthepastyear.【答案】increasing【解析】本题考查动词搭配。“increasingprofits”意为“增长的利润”，故填“increasing”。9.Thenewpolicywill______thelivesofmillionsofpeoplebyreducinghealthcarecosts.【答案】affect【解析】本题考查动词搭配。“affectthelivesof”意为“影响人们的生活”，故填“affect”。10.Theteam______tocompletetheprojectontimedespitetheheavyrain.【答案】managed【解析】本题考查动词搭配。“managedtodo”意为“设法做”，故填“managed”。三、判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1.Thecompany'sprofitshavebeensteadilyincreasingoverthepastyear.（√）【解析】根据第10题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。2.Despitetheterribleweather,thehikingtripwasagreatsuccess.（√）【解析】根据第8题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。3.Theoldlibrarystoodforoveracenturybeforeitwasreplacedbyamodernbuilding.（√）【解析】根据第6题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。4.Thescientistmadeagroundbreakingdiscoverythatcouldchangethefutureofmedicine.（√）【解析】根据第9题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。5.Thenewpolicywillreducethecostoflivingformanyfamilies.（√）【解析】根据第1题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。6.ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforfiveyears,butshestillfindsitdifficulttomasterthegrammarrules.（√）【解析】根据第3题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。7.Thebookmademethinkabouttheimportanceoffamilybonds.（√）【解析】根据第4题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。8.Themanageraskedtheemployeestosharetheirideasduringthemeeting.（√）【解析】根据第5题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。9.Theteammanagedtocompletetheprojectontimedespitetheheavyrain.（√）【解析】根据第2题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。10.Thecompany'sprofitshavebeensteadilyincreasingoverthepastyear.（√）【解析】根据第10题解析，句子表述正确，故判断为正确。四、简答题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"affect"and"impact."【参考答案】"Affect"and"impact"areoftenconfused,buttheyhavedistinctmeanings."Affect"istypicallyusedtodescribeindirectoremotionalinfluences,suchas"Thebadweatheraffectedthemoodoftheteam."Incontrast,"impact"isusedtodescribestrongordirectinfluences,suchas"Thenewpolicywillimpactthelivesofmillions."While"affect"isoftenfollowedby"todo,""impact"isusuallyusedasaverbornoun.【解析】本题考查动词辨析。答案详细解释了“affect”和“impact”的区别，并提供了例句，符合题目要求。2.Whatdoes"compelledtodo"mean?【参考答案】"Compelledtodo"meanstobeforcedorcompelledtoperformanaction,oftenduetoexternalpressureornecessity.Forexample,"Themanagercompelledtheemployeestoworkovertimetomeetthedeadline."Here,"compelled"indicatesthattheemployeeswereforcedtoworkextrahours.【解析】本题考查动词短语含义。答案准确解释了“compelledtodo”的含义，并提供了例句，符合题目要求。3.Howdoes"make"differfrom"force"?【参考答案】"Make"and"force"bothmeantocausesomeonetodosomething,buttheydifferinintensity."Make"isusedtodescribeactionsthataremorevoluntaryorindirect,suchas"Thebookmademethinkaboutfamilybonds."Incontrast,"force"isusedtodescribeactionsthatareunwillingorcoercive,suchas"Themanagerforcedtheemployeestoworkovertime."Here,"forced"impliesthattheemployeeshadnochoice.【解析】本题考查动词辨析。答案详细解释了“make”和“force”的区别，并提供了例句，符合题目要求。4.Whatisthemeaningof"lastedfor"?【参考答案】"Lastedfor"meanstocontinueforacertainperiodoftime.Forexample,"Theoldlibrarylastedforoveracenturybeforeitwasreplaced."Here,"lastedfor"indicatesthatthelibraryexistedformorethanahundredyears.【解析】本题考查动词短语含义。答案准确解释了“lastedfor”的含义，并提供了例句，符合题目要求。5.Howdoes"grown"differfrom"risen"?【参考答案】"Grow"and"rise"bothmeantoincrease,buttheydifferinusage."Grow"istypicallyusedasaverb,suchas"Thecompany'sprofitshavegrownoverthepastyear."Incontrast,"rise"isoftenusedasaverbornoun,suchas"Theprofitshaverisen."Whilebothcandescribeincreases,"grow"ismorecommonineverydaylanguage.【解析】本题考查动词辨析。答案详细解释了“grow”和“rise”的区别，并提供了例句，符合题目要求。6.Whatdoes"sharetheirideas"mean?【参考答案】"Sharetheirideas"meanstocommunicateorexchangethoughtswithothers.Forexample,"Themanageraskedtheemployeestosharetheirideasduringthemeeting."Here,"sharetheirideas"indicatesthattheemployeeswereencouragedtoexpresstheirthoughts.【解析】本题考查动词短语含义。答案准确解释了“sharetheirideas”的含义，并提供了例句，符合题目要求。7.Howdoes"terrible"differfrom"awful"?【参考答案】"Terrible"and"awful"bothmeanverybad,buttheydifferslightlyinintensity."Terrible"isusedtodescribeextremelybadsituations,suchas"Theweatherwasterrible."Incontrast,"awful"isalsoverybadbutmaybeslightlylessintense,suchas"Theweatherwasawful."Bothcanbeusedinterchangeablyinmanycontexts,but"terrible"isoftenstronger.【解析】本题考查形容词辨析。答案详细解释了“terrible”和“awful”的区别，并提供了例句，符合题目要求。8.Whatisthemeaningof"managedtodo"?【参考答案】"Managedtodo"meanstosuccessfullyaccomplishsomething,oftendespitedifficulties.Forexample,"Theteammanagedtocompletetheprojectontimedespitetheheavyrain."Here,"managedtodo"indicatesthattheteamsuccessfullyfinishedtheprojectdespitechallenges.【解析】本题考查动词短语含义。答案准确解释了“managedtodo”的含义，并提供了例句，符合题目要求。五、应用题（本大题共8小题，每小题4分，共24分）1.Thecompany'sprofitshavebeensteadilyincreasingoverthepastyear.Explainhowthiscouldaffectthecompany'sfuture.【参考答案】Thesteadyincreaseinprofitscanpositivelyimpactthecompany'sfutureinseveralways.First,itmayallowthecompanytoinvestmoreinresearchanddevelopment,leadingtoinnovativeproductsorservices.Second,itcouldenablethecompanytoexpanditsoperations,suchasopeningnewbranchesorenteringnewmarkets.Additionally,higherprofitsmayleadtobetteremployeebenefits,suchasbonusesorimprovedworkingconditions.Finally,thecompanymaybeabletoreducedebtorsavemoreforfutureinvestments.Overall,increasingprofitsprovideastrongfoundationforgrowthandstability.【解析】本题考查应用能力。答案从多个角度分析了利润增长对公司未来的影响，内容全面且逻辑清晰，符合题目要求。2.Despitetheterribleweather,thehikingtripwasagreatsuccess.Howcouldtheorganizershavepreparedforsuchchallenges?【参考答案】Toprepareforchallengesliketerribleweather,organizerscouldtakeseveralsteps.First,theycouldprovideweatherforecastsandcommunicatepotentialriskstoparticipants.Second,theycouldofferalternativeindooractivitiesincaseofsevereweather.Third,theycouldensureallparticipantshaveappropriategear,suchasraincoatsorthermalclothing.Additionally,theycouldsetupemergencysheltersandhavefirstaidkitsreadilyavailable.Finally,theycouldconductathoroughriskassessmentandhaveacontingencyplaninplace.Thesemeasureswouldhelpensurethesafetyandenjoymentofallparticipants.【解析】本题考查应用能力。答案详细说明了如何应对恶劣天气，措施具体且可行，符合题目要求。3.Theoldlibrarystoodforoveracenturybeforeitwasreplacedbyamodernbuilding.Whatcouldbethereasonsforthisreplacement?【参考答案】Severalreasonscouldexplainwhytheoldlibrarywasreplacedbyamodernbuilding.First,theoldlibrarymayhavebeeninpoorcondition,withoutdatedfacilitiesorstructuralissues.Second,themodernbuildingcouldofferbetteramenities,suchasmoreseating,advancedtechnology,orimprovedaccessibility.Third,thenewlibrarymaybemoreenergy-efficient,reducingmaintenancecosts.Additionally,thereplacementcouldbepartofalargerurbandevelopmentproject,aimingtomodernizethearea.Finally,thenewlibrarymaybedesignedtobetterservethecommunity,withexpandedcollectionsoreducationalprograms.【解析】本题考查应用能力。答案从多个角度分析了图书馆被替换的原因，内容全面且逻辑清晰，符合题目要求。4.Thescientistmadeagroundbreakingdiscoverythatcouldchangethefutureofmedicine.Howcouldthisdiscoveryimpacthealthcare?【参考答案】Agroundbreakingdiscoveryinmedicinecouldsignificantlyimpacthealthcareinseveralways.First,itmayleadtothedevelopmentofnewtreatmentsorcuresfordiseases.Second,itcouldimprovediagnostictools,allowingforearlierandmoreaccuratedetectionofillnesses.Third,thediscoverymayreducehealthcarecostsbymakingtreatmentsmoreeffectiveoraccessible.Additionally,itcouldinspirefurtherresearchandinnovationinthemedicalfield.Finally,itmayimprovepatientoutcomes,leadingtobetteroverallhealthforthepopulation.【解析】本题考查应用能力。答案详细说明了科学发现对医疗保健的潜在影响，内容全面且逻辑清晰，符合题目要求。5.Thenewpolicywillreducethecostoflivingformanyfamilies.Howcouldthispolicybenefitsociety?【参考答案】Apolicythatreducesthecostoflivingcanbenefitsocietyinseveralways.First,itcouldincreasethedisposableincomeoffamilies,allowingthemtospendmoreonnecessitiesorimprovetheirqualityoflife.Second,itmayreducefinancialstress,leadingtobettermentalandphysicalhealth.Third,thepolicycouldstimulateeconomicgrowthbyincreasingconsumerspending.Additionally,itmaymakehousingmoreaffordable,reducinghomelessnessorovercrowding.Finally,itcouldpromotesocialequitybyensuringthatallfamilieshaveaccesstobasicnecessities.【解析】本题考查应用能力。答案详细说明了降低生活成本的政策对社会的好处，内容全面且逻辑清晰，符合题目要求。6.ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishforfiveyears,butshestillfindsitdifficulttomasterthegrammarrules.Whatstrategiescouldsheusetoimprove?【参考答案】ToimproveherEnglishgrammar,shecoulduseseveralstrategies.First,shecouldpracticeregularlybywritingessaysorjournalentries.Second,shecouldstudygrammarrulesincontext,usingexamplesfrombooksorarticles.Third,shecouldtakeonlinecoursesorhireatutorforpersonalizedguidance.Additionally,shecouldlistentoEnglishpodcastsorwatchmoviestoimproveherunderstandingofnaturallanguageuse.Finally,shecouldparticipateinlanguageexchangeprogramstopracticespeakingwithnativespeakers.ThesestrategieswouldhelpherbuildconfidenceandproficiencyinEnglishgrammar.【解析】本题考查应用能力。答案提供了多种提高英语语法的方法，具体且可行，符合题目要求。7.Theteammanagedtocompletetheprojectontimedespitetheheavyrain.Whatqualitiescontributedtotheirsuccess?【参考answers】Severalqualitieslikelycontributedtotheteam'ssuccessincompletingtheprojectdespitetheheavyrain.First,theirstrongleadershipandcoordinationensuredthateveryoneworkedtogethereffectively.Second,theirpreparednessandplanningallowedthemtoanticipateandovercomechallenges.Third,theirresilienceanddeterminationkeptthemmotivateddespitethedifficultconditions.Additionally,theirteamworkandcommunicationhelpedthemsolveproblemsquickly.Finally,theiradaptabilityallowedthemtoadjusttheirplansasneeded.Thesequalitiesdemonstrateahighlevelofprofessionalismandcommitment.【解析】本题考查应用能力。答案详细分析了团队成功的原因，内容全面且逻辑清晰，符合题目要求。8.Thebookmademethinkabouttheimportanceoffamilybonds.Howcouldreadingsuchbooksimpactindividuals?【参考答案】Readingbooksthatemphasizetheimportanceoffamilybondscanhaveaprofoundimpactonindividuals.First,itmaystrengthentheirrelationshipsbyencouragingthemtoappreciateandvaluetheirfamilymembers.Second,itcouldprovideemotionalsupportbyremindingthemoftheloveandsupportavailableathome.Third,itmayinspirepersonalgrowthbyteachingthemaboutforgiveness,communication,andunderstanding.Additionally,itcouldreducestressbypromotingasenseofbelongingandconnection.Finally,itmayencourageindividualstospendmoretimewiththeirfamilies,creatinglastingmemories.【解析】本题考查应用能力。答案详细说明了阅读强调家庭纽带的书籍对个人的影响，内容全面且逻辑清晰，符合题目要求。【标准答案及解析】（以下为各题标准答案及解析，按题目顺序排列）一、单项选择题1.C2.B3.B4.A5.A6.A7.A8.B9.A10.A二、填空题1.reduce2.bad,managed3.studying,difficult4.made5.share6.stood7.made