2026年江西省部编版高中英语高二上册第3单元语法练习

2026年江西省部编版高中英语高二上册第3单元语法练习一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewgrammarruleintroducedinUnit3requiresstudentstodistinguishbetween"lie"and"lay"byfocusingontheirmeaningsandtenses.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyuses"lie"?A.Thecatlaidonthewindowsillyesterdaymorning.B.Helaythebookonthetablelastnight.C.Shelaidherheadonhisshoulderwhilewatchingthemovie.D.Theteacherlaidemphasisontheimportanceofunderstandingthedifferencebetweenthetwoverbs.参考答案：C解析：OptionCiscorrectbecause"lay"istransitiveandrequiresanobject,while"lie"isintransitiveanddoesnottakeanobject.Thesentence"Shelaidherheadonhisshoulder"correctlyuses"lay"withtheobject"herhead."OptionAincorrectlyuses"laid"(pasttenseof"lay")fortheintransitiveverb"lie."OptionBincorrectlyuses"lay"(transitiveverb)fortheintransitiveverb"lie."OptionDincorrectlyuses"laid"(transitiveverb)inacontextwhere"lie"(intransitiveverb)wouldbeappropriate.2.InUnit3,studentslearntoformtheperfectcontinuoustensebyusing"havebeen+verb-ing."Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesthistensetodescribeanactioninprogressatthetimeofanotherpastevent?A.Shehasbeencookingdinnerforthreehours.B.Theyhadbeenplayingbasketballwhenitstartedtorain.C.Hewillhavebeenstudyingfortwoweeksbythetimetheexambegins.D.Thechildrenhadbeensleepingsincemorning.参考答案：B解析：OptionBiscorrectbecauseitdescribesanongoingaction("playingbasketball")thatwasinterruptedbyanotherpastevent("itstartedtorain").Theperfectcontinuoustenseemphasizesthedurationoftheactionbeforetheinterruption.OptionAusesthepresentperfectcontinuous,whichreferstoanactioncontinuinguptothepresent.OptionCusesthefutureperfectcontinuous,whichreferstoanactionthatwillcontinueuntilafuturepoint.OptionDusesthepastperfectcontinuous,whichreferstoanactionthatwasongoingbeforeanotherpastevent.3.Unit3introducestheuseofinversioninconditionalsentencestocreateamoreformaltone.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesinversioninasecondconditional?A.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.Wereittoraintomorrow,wewouldcancelthepicnic.C.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer.D.Shouldtheweatherbebad,theeventwillbepostponed.参考答案：B解析：OptionBiscorrectbecauseitusesinversion("Wereittorain")inasecondconditional,whichexpresseshypotheticalsituationsinthepresentorfuture.OptionAusesthestandardfirstconditionalstructurewithoutinversion.OptionCusesafirstconditionalwithinversioninthe"if"clause("IfIwereyou"),butthemainclauseisincorrectforasecondconditional.OptionDusesinversioninathirdconditional("Shouldtheweatherbebad"),whichreferstoahypotheticalpastsituation.4.InUnit3,studentspracticeusingpassivevoicetoemphasizethereceiveroftheaction.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.Thecommitteewillmeettodiscusstheproposaltomorrow.B.Theproposalwasdiscussedbythecommitteeyesterday.C.Theyhavebeenworkingontheprojectforsixmonths.D.ThereportmustbesubmittedbynextFriday.参考答案：B解析：OptionBiscorrectbecauseitusesthepassivevoice("wasdiscussedbythecommittee")tofocusontheproposal(receiveroftheaction)ratherthanthecommittee(doeroftheaction).OptionAusestheactivevoice.OptionCusesthepresentperfectcontinuousintheactivevoice.OptionDusesamodalverbintheactivevoice.5.Unit3coverstheuseofarticleswithuncountablenouns.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesarticleswithuncountablenouns?A.Sheboughtacoffeeandateaatthecafé.B.Heneedssomeadvicesforhispresentation.C.Thebookisfullofinformationsabouthistory.D.Theydiscussedtheproblemofpollutionlastweek.参考答案：D解析：OptionDiscorrectbecauseitusestheuncountablenoun"problem"withoutanarticle,whichisappropriatewhenreferringtoageneralconcept.OptionAincorrectlyusesarticleswithcountablenouns("acoffee,""atea").OptionBincorrectlyusesthepluralform"advices"fortheuncountablenoun"advice."OptionCincorrectlyusesthepluralform"informations"fortheuncountablenoun"information."6.InUnit3,studentslearntousethesubjunctivemoodtoexpresswishes,suggestions,ordemands.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesthesubjunctivemood?A.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoParis.B.Shesuggestedthatheshouldstudymore.C.Itisimportantthatthestudentsmustpasstheexam.D.Theteacherrequestedthatthehomeworkbefinishedbytomorrow.参考答案：A解析：OptionAiscorrectbecauseitusesthesubjunctivemoodinthe"if"clause("were"insteadof"was")toexpressahypotheticalwish.OptionBincorrectlyusestheindicativemood("shouldstudy")insteadofthesubjunctive("study").OptionCincorrectlyuses"must"insteadofthesubjunctive("pass").OptionDincorrectlyusestheindicativemood("befinished")insteadofthesubjunctive("befinished").7.Unit3introducestheuseofrelativeclausestoconnectideassmoothly.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesarelativeclause?A.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.B.Isawthemanthathewastalkingto.C.Thebookwhichyouborrowedisveryinteresting.D.Sheisthewomanwhosecarwasstolenyesterday.参考答案：D解析：OptionDiscorrectbecauseitusesarelativeclausewiththerelativepronoun"whose"toconnectthemainclausetoapossessiverelationship.OptionAusesarestrictiverelativeclausecorrectly,butOptionDisalsocorrectanddemonstratesamoreadvanceduse.OptionBincorrectlyuses"that"after"saw,"whichshouldbe"whom"ifreferringtoaperson.OptionCuses"which"incorrectlyafter"thebook,"as"which"istypicallyusedforinanimateobjects.8.InUnit3,studentslearntousegerundsandinfinitivestoexpresspurposeorpreference.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesagerund?A.Sheenjoystoplaythepianoeveryevening.B.Hedecidedtostudyfortheexam.C.Readingbookshelpsimproveyourvocabulary.D.Theyareinterestedintotravelaroundtheworld.参考答案：C解析：OptionCiscorrectbecauseitusesagerund("Reading")asthesubjectofthesentence.OptionAincorrectlyusestheinfinitive"toplay"after"enjoys."OptionBusesaninfinitive("tostudy")toexpresspurpose.OptionDincorrectlyusestheinfinitive"totravel"after"interestedin."9.Unit3coverstheuseofphrasalverbstoadddynamismtowriting.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesaphrasalverb?A.Theprojectwasputoffduetobadweather.B.Shetookhertimetofinishtheassignment.C.Helookedintothematterimmediately.D.Themeetingwasbrokenintosmallergroups.参考答案：A解析：OptionAiscorrectbecauseitusesthephrasalverb"putoff"(topostpone).OptionBusestheadverb"to"insteadofaphrasalverb.OptionCusesthephrasalverb"lookedinto"(toinvestigate),butOptionAisalsocorrect.OptionDusestheverb"break"withoutaphrasalform.10.InUnit3,studentspracticeusingmodalstoexpresspossibilityornecessity.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusesamodalverb?A.Hemighthavegonetothelibraryyesterday.B.Shemustbetiredbecauseshedidn’tattendthemeeting.C.Theycan’tfinishtheprojectontime.D.Theexamcouldbedifficult,butweshouldpreparewell.参考答案：D解析：OptionDiscorrectbecauseitusesmultiplemodalverbs("could"toexpresspossibilityand"should"toexpressnecessity)appropriately.OptionAusesthepastmodal"mighthave"toexpressapastpossibility.OptionBuses"mustbe"toexpresscertainty,whichisincorrectforpossibility.OptionCuses"can’t"toexpressinability,whichisgrammaticallycorrectbutlessnuancedthanOptionD.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______(write)ashortessayabouttheirfavoriteholidaydestination,emphasizingtheuseofthepresentperfecttensetodescribetheirexperiences.参考答案：write解析：Thesentencerequiresthebaseformoftheverb"write"becauseitfollowsthemodalverb"to"inanimperativesentence.2.Inthediscussion,Sarahsuggestedthateveryone______(review)thenotesbeforethegrouppresentationtoensureclarityandcoherence.参考答案：review解析：Thesentenceusesthesubjunctivemood("shouldreview")toexpressasuggestion,butthebaseform"review"isneededafter"suggestthat."3.Thecompanydecidedto______(delay)thelaunchofthenewproductduetounexpectedtechnicalissues,whichrequiredadditionaltesting.参考答案：delay解析：Thesentenceusestheinfinitive"todelay"toexpressthepurposeofthedecision.4.Thearticlestatedthatclimatechange______(affect)coastalcitiesmoreseverelyinthenextdecade,leadingtoincreasedfloodinganderosion.参考答案：willaffect解析：Thesentenceusesthefuturesimpletense("willaffect")todescribeafutureprediction.5.Thecommitteemembers______(discuss)thebudgetallocationforthenextprojectduringthemeeting,whichlastedforoverthreehours.参考答案：discussed解析：Thesentenceusesthepastsimpletense("discussed")todescribeacompletedactioninthepast.6.IfI______(have)moretime,Iwould______(read)theentirebookinsteadofjustsummarizingit.参考答案：had,read解析：Thefirstblankrequiresthepastsubjunctive"had"inthe"if"clause,andthesecondblankrequiresthebaseform"read"inthemainclause.7.Theteacher______(emphasize)theimportanceofusingthecorrectarticleswithuncountablenouns,suchas"information"and"advice,"duringthegrammarlesson.参考答案：emphasized解析：Thesentenceusesthepastsimpletense("emphasized")todescribeacompletedactioninthepast.8.Thestudents______(be)requiredto______(submit)theirassignmentsbytheendoftheweektoreceivefullcredit.参考答案：were,submit解析：Thefirstblankusesthepastsimpletense("were")todescribeapastrequirement,andthesecondblankusesthebaseform"submit"after"to."9.Theexperiment______(show)thatthenewdrug______(have)asignificantpositiveeffectonpatientswithchronicpain,whichwasamajorbreakthroughinmedicalresearch.参考答案：showed,had解析：Thefirstblankusesthepastsimpletense("showed")todescribeacompletedaction,andthesecondblankusesthepastsimple"had"todescribeapaststate.10.Themanagersuggestedthattheteam______(focus)onthemostcriticaltasksfirsttoensureefficiency,whichhelpedthemmeetthedeadline.参考答案：focus解析：Thesentenceusesthesubjunctivemood("shouldfocus")toexpressasuggestion,butthebaseform"focus"isneededafter"suggestthat."三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theverb"lie"meanstorecline,while"lay"meanstoplacesomethingdown.ThisdistinctioniscrucialinUnit3toavoidgrammaticalerrors.参考答案：正确解析：Thestatementiscorrectbecause"lie"isintransitive(e.g.,"Thecatliesonthesofa"),while"lay"istransitive(e.g.,"Shelaidthebookonthetable").2.Theperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.ThisiscoveredindetailinUnit3.参考答案：正确解析：Thestatementiscorrectbecausethepresentperfectcontinuoustense(e.g.,"Shehasbeenstudyingfortwohours")emphasizesthedurationofanongoingaction.3.Insecondconditionalsentences,inversionisnotrequired,andtheindicativemoodisusedinstead,asseeninUnit3.参考答案：错误解析：Thestatementisincorrectbecausesecondconditionalsentences(e.g.,"Ifitrained,wewouldcancelthepicnic")requireinversioninthe"if"clause("Ifitrained"insteadof"Ifitrains").4.Thepassivevoiceisoftenusedtoomitthesubjectwhenitisunknownorunimportant,whichisakeyconceptinUnit3.参考答案：正确解析：Thestatementiscorrectbecausethepassivevoice(e.g.,"Themeetingwillbeheldtomorrow")canomitthedoeroftheaction(e.g.,"bythecommittee").5.Articlesarenotneededwithuncountablenounsinanycontext,asstatedinUnit3.参考答案：错误解析：Thestatementisincorrectbecausearticles("a,""an,""the")arerequiredwithuncountablenounsinmostcontexts(e.g.,"acoffee,""theinformation").6.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpressfactualstatements,asdiscussedinUnit3.参考答案：错误解析：Thestatementisincorrectbecausethesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresswishes,suggestions,ordemands(e.g.,"IwishIweretaller"),notfactualstatements.7.Relativeclausescanberestrictiveornon-restrictive,andtheuseofcommasdependsonwhethertheclauseisessentialornon-essential,asexplainedinUnit3.参考答案：正确解析：Thestatementiscorrectbecauserestrictiverelativeclauses(e.g.,"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister")donotrequirecommas,whilenon-restrictiveclauses(e.g.,"Thegirl,whoiswearingabluedress,ismysister")do.8.Gerundsandinfinitivescanbeusedinterchangeablyinmostsentences,asnotedinUnit3.参考答案：错误解析：Thestatementisincorrectbecausegerunds(e.g.,"Readingisenjoyable")andinfinitives(e.g.,"Toreadisenjoyable")havedifferentgrammaticalfunctionsandcannotalwaysbeusedinterchangeably.9.Phrasalverbsareoptionalinwritingandcanbereplacedwithsingleverbsforsimplicity,assuggestedinUnit3.参考答案：错误解析：Thestatementisincorrectbecausephrasalverbsadddynamismandnuancetowriting(e.g.,"putoff"vs."postpone"),andtheiruseisoftenpreferredoversingleverbs.10.Modalverbscanonlyexpresspossibility,andtheycannotbeusedtoexpressnecessity,asstatedinUnit3.参考答案：错误解析：Thestatementisincorrectbecausemodalverbs(e.g.,"must,""can,""should")canexpressbothpossibilityandnecessity(e.g.,"Youmustattendthemeeting").四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"lie"and"lay"intermsoftheirmeaningsandgrammaticalfunctions,asdiscussedinUnit3.参考答案："Lie"isanintransitiveverbmeaningtoreclineorrest(e.g.,"Thecatliesonthesofa")."Lay"isatransitiveverbmeaningtoplacesomethingdown(e.g.,"Shelaidthebookonthetable").Thekeydifferenceisthat"lie"doesnottakeanobject,while"lay"musthaveanobject.InUnit3,studentslearntodistinguishbetweentheseverbsbyfocusingontheirmeaningsandgrammaticalstructures.解析：Theanswershouldclearlyexplainthetransitiveandintransitivenatureoftheverbsandprovideexamplestoillustratetheirusage.2.Describethestructureoftheperfectcontinuoustenseandprovideanexamplesentence,ascoveredinUnit3.参考答案：Theperfectcontinuoustenseisformedwith"havebeen+verb-ing"(e.g.,"Shehasbeenstudyingforthreehours").Itisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent,emphasizingthedurationoftheaction.Forexample,"Thestudentshavebeenpreparingfortheexamsincelastweek."解析：Theanswershouldexplainthetensestructureandprovidearelevantexampletodemonstrateitsusage.3.Howdoesthesubjunctivemooddifferfromtheindicativemoodinexpressingwishesorsuggestions,asdiscussedinUnit3?参考答案：Thesubjunctivemoodusesdifferentverbformsthantheindicativemoodtoexpresswishesorsuggestions.Forexample,"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder"(subjunctive)vs."IfIamyou,Istudyharder"(indicative).Thesubjunctiveoftenusesthebaseformoftheverb(e.g.,"were,""be")insteadofthepasttenseorpresentparticiple.解析：Theanswershouldhighlightthegrammaticaldifferencesbetweenthetwomoodsandprovideexamplestoillustratetheirusage.4.Whyisthepassivevoiceusedincertainsentences,andwhatisitseffectontheemphasisofthesentence,asexplainedinUnit3?参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisusedtoemphasizethereceiveroftheactionratherthanthedoer.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn"emphasizesthebook(receiver)ratherthanJohn(doer).Itisusefulwhenthedoerisunknown,unimportant,orobvious.Thepassivevoiceaddsformalityandobjectivitytowriting.解析：Theanswershouldexplainthepurposeofusingthepassivevoiceanditseffectonthesentencestructure.5.Provideanexampleofasentenceusingarestrictiverelativeclauseandexplainwhyacommaisnotneededafterit,ascoveredinUnit3.参考答案："Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister."Thisisarestrictiverelativeclausebecauseitprovidesessentialinformationaboutwhichgirlisbeingreferredto.Acommaisnotneededbecausetheclauseisnecessarytoidentifythenoun.解析：Theanswershouldprovideaclearexampleandexplainthegrammaticalruleregardingcommaswithrestrictiveclauses.6.Howdogerundsandinfinitivesdifferintheirgrammaticalfunctions,andwhenshouldeachbeused,asdiscussedinUnit3?参考答案：Gerunds(e.g.,"Readingisenjoyable")functionasnounsandcanbethesubject,object,orcomplementofasentence.Infinitives(e.g.,"Toreadisenjoyable")functionasnouns,adjectives,oradverbsandoftenfollowmodalverbsorexpresspurpose.Forexample,"Sheenjoysreading"(gerundassubject)vs."Shereadstorelax"(infinitiveaspurpose).解析：Theanswershouldexplainthedifferentrolesofgerundsandinfinitivesandprovideexamplestoillustratetheirusage.7.Explainthepurposeofusingphrasalverbsinwritingandprovideanexampleofhowtheyadddynamismtoasentence,ascoveredinUnit3.参考答案：Phrasalverbsadddynamismandnaturalflowtowritingbycombiningaverbwithaprepositionoradverb(e.g.,"putoff,""lookinto").Theyoftenconveynuancedmeaningsthatsingleverbscannot.Forexample,"Theprojectwasputoffduetodelays"ismoredynamicthan"Theprojectwaspostponedduetodelays."解析：Theanswershouldexplainthebenefitsofusingphrasalverbsandprovideanexampletodemonstratetheirimpactonwriting.8.Howdomodalverbsexpresspossibilityandnecessity,andprovideexamplesofeach,asdiscussedinUnit3.参考答案：Modalverbsexpresspossibility(e.g.,"Itmightraintomorrow")ornecessity(e.g.,"Youmustattendthemeeting").Forexample,"Theexamcouldbedifficult"(possibility)vs."Youshouldstudyfortheexam"(necessity).Modalverbsadddifferentlevelsofcertaintyorobligationtostatements.解析：Theanswershouldexplainthefunctionofmodalverbsandprovideexamplestoillustratetheirusageindifferentcontexts.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Thecommitteewillreviewtheproposalnextweek."参考答案："Theproposalwillbereviewedbythecommitteenextweek."解析：Thesentenceisrewritteninthepassivevoicebymovingtheobject"theproposal"tothebeginningofthesentenceandusing"be+pastparticiple."Thedoer"thecommittee"isaddedwith"by."2.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"IfI______(have)moretime,I______(read)theentirebook."参考答案："IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldreadtheentirebook."解析：Thefirstblankrequiresthepastsubjunctive"had,"andthesecondblankrequiresthebaseform"read"inthemainclause.3.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"Theexperiment______(show)thatthenewdrug______(have)apositiveeffectonpatients."参考答案："Theexperimentshowedthatthenewdrughadapositiveeffectonpatients."解析：Thefirstblankusesthepastsimple"showed,"andthesecondblankusesthepastsimple"had"todescribeapaststate.4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingagerund:"Sheenjoysreadingbooksinherfreetime."参考答案："Readingbooksenjoysherinherfreetime."解析：Thesentenceisrewrittenwiththegerund"Reading"asthesubject.Notethatthewordorderchangesslightly.5.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"Hesuggestedthateveryone______(focus)onthemaintask."参考答案："Hesuggestedthateveryonefocusonthemaintask."解析：Thesentenceusesthesubjunctivemood,sothebaseform"focus"isneededafter"suggestthat."6.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:"Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______(review)theirnotesbeforethetest.