2026年河南省人教版高中英语高一上册第8单元语法练习

2026年河南省人教版高中英语高一上册第8单元语法练习一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyforherexams.B.MybrotherwasplayingfootballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.ThisisthefirsttimethatIhaveevervisitedthismuseum.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"need"应为"needs"，主语"she"是第三人称单数；选项B中"call"应为"called"，从句动作发生在过去；选项C中"since"引导的时间状语从句应使用一般过去时，但主句"havefinished"与从句时态不匹配；选项D正确使用了"haveevervisited"表示过去首次发生的经历，符合单元重点"现在完成时用于首次经验"。2.下列句子中冠词使用错误的是哪一项？A.Theteachertoldusaboutahistoricaleventthathappenedin1919.B.Iboughtsomebreadandtwoapplesatthesupermarketyesterday.C.Thereisabookonthetablewhichbelongstomysister.D.Sheisinterestedinthemusicofthebandcalled"TheBeatles".参考答案：D解析：选项D中"themusic"前不应加冠词，因为"theband"已经特指该乐队，音乐属于该乐队时无需重复限定；其他选项均符合冠词使用规则：A中"ahistoricalevent"泛指过去事件，B中"somebread"和"twoapples"数量明确，C中"thetable"特指某张桌子。3.根据第8单元语法，选择下列句子中定语从句使用不当的一项。A.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismybestfriend.B.Thisisthereasonwhyweneedtostudyhardforthefinalexam.C.Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryinterestingandthought-provoking.D.HeistheonlypersonwhomIcantrustcompletelyinthissituation.参考答案：B解析：选项B中"thereason"是先行词，但"why"不能直接修饰名词，应改为"Thisisthereasonforwhichweneed..."；其他选项均正确：A中"who"引导指人从句，C中"that"引导指物从句，D中"whom"作介词宾语，符合单元关于关系代词的用法。4.下列句子中非谓语动词使用错误的是哪一项？A.Watchingthesunsetfromthetopofthemountainwasamemorableexperience.B.Havingfinishedherhomework,shewenttowatchherfavoriteTVshow.C.Topasstheexam,youmuststudyharderthanyourclassmates.D.Themanwhoissittingnexttomeisafamouswriter.参考答案：D解析：选项D中"issitting"是现在进行时，但句子结构要求非谓语动词形式，应改为"Themanwhosittingnexttome..."；其他选项均正确：A中"Watching"作主语补足语，B中"Havingfinished"作状语，C中"Topass"作目的状语。5.根据第8单元语法，选择下列句子中被动语态使用不当的一项。A.TheGreatWallwasbuiltinancienttimesbytheChinesepeople.B.Myhousewasbrokenintolastnight,butnothingwasstolen.C.Englishisspokenbymanypeoplearoundtheworld.D.Thebookwaswrittenbyhimlastyearisverypopularnow.参考答案：D解析：选项D中"waswritten"和"isverypopular"时态矛盾，应改为"Thebookwhichwaswrittenbyhimlastyearisverypopularnow."；其他选项均正确：A中被动语态强调建造者，B中被动语态说明房屋被盗但未失窃，C中被动语态说明英语的全球使用情况。6.根据第8单元语法，选择下列句子中介词使用错误的一项。A.SheisinterestedinlearningmoreaboutChineseculture.B.Themeetingwillbeheldat7PMintheschoolauditorium.C.HearrivedinLondonlastmonthandhasbeenlivingthereeversince.D.ThebookisfullofinformationaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.参考答案：D解析：选项D中"of"多余，正确表达应为"ThebookisfullofinformationaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates."；其他选项均正确：A中"in"表示兴趣领域，B中"at"表示具体时间，C中"in"表示居住地点。7.根据第8单元语法，选择下列句子中虚拟语气使用不当的一项。A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexam.B.ShewishesshecouldspeakFrenchfluently.C.Itisimportantthatweshouldfollowtherulesoftheschool.D.Ifitweren’tforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedtheprojectontime.参考答案：C解析：选项C中"should"多余，"Itisimportantthat..."结构中谓语必须使用"（should）+动词原形"，正确表达为"Itisimportantthatwefollowtherulesoftheschool."；其他选项均正确：A中"were"表示与事实相反的假设，B中"wishes"引导虚拟语气，D中"were"和"wouldn’thavefinished"符合虚拟条件句规则。8.根据第8单元语法，选择下列句子中连词使用错误的一项。A.Sheisnotonlysmartbutalsohardworking.B.Althoughitwasraining,theydecidedtogoforawalk.C.HewillcallyouassoonashearrivesinBeijing.D.Thebookisneitherinterestingnorboring;itisjustaverage.参考答案：C解析：选项C中"assoonas"表示时间状语从句，但主句"hewillcall"应为一般现在时，正确表达应为"HewillcallyouassoonashearrivesinBeijing."；其他选项均正确：A中"notonly...butalso"并列连接，B中"Although"引导让步状语从句，D中"neither...nor"并列连接。9.根据第8单元语法，选择下列句子中代词指代错误的一项。A.Mybrotherboughtacar,andheisdrivingitnow.B.Theteachergaveeachstudentabook,andtheyalllikedit.C.Shetoldmethatshewouldhelpmewithmyhomework,butshedidn’t.D.ThisisthefirsttimethatIhaveseenthismovie,andIamexcitedaboutit.参考答案：B解析：选项B中"they"指代不明，应改为"Thestudents"或"eachofthem"；其他选项均正确：A中"it"指代"car"，C中"she"指代说话人，D中"haveseen"和"am"指代第一人称。10.根据第8单元语法，选择下列句子中固定搭配使用错误的一项。A.Sheisgoodatplayingthepianoandhaswonmanyawardsforit.B.Heisinterestedincollectingstamps,andhespendsalotoftimeonit.C.Thebookisfullofinterestingfacts,whichmakesitveryengaging.D.Sheisafraidofflying,soshealwaystakesatraininsteadofbyplane.参考答案：D解析：选项D中"by"多余，正确表达应为"Sheisafraidofflying,soshealwaystakesatraininsteadofplane."；其他选项均正确：A中"goodatplaying"搭配正确，B中"interestedincollecting"搭配正确，C中"fullof"搭配正确。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteacheraskedusto______(write)ashortessayaboutourfavoriteholiday.参考答案：write解析：动词不定式作宾语，"asksb.todosth."结构固定。2.IfI______(have)moretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks.参考答案：had解析：虚拟条件句主句用"would+动词原形"，从句用一般过去时。3.ThisisthefirsttimethatI______(visit)theGreatWall.参考答案：havevisited解析：现在完成时用于首次经验，主语"I"是第一人称。4.Thebook______(write)bymygrandfatherisveryvaluabletome.参考答案：waswritten解析：被动语态，主语"thebook"是第三人称单数，时态为过去时。5.Sheisinterestedin______(learn)moreaboutJapaneseculture.参考答案：learning解析：介词"in"后接动名词形式。6.Althoughitwasdifficult,he______(finish)theprojectsuccessfully.参考答案：finished解析："Although"引导让步状语从句，主句用一般过去时。7.Thereasonwhyshewaslatewasthatshe______(miss)thebus.参考答案：hadmissed解析："Thereasonwhy..."结构中，表语从句用虚拟语气，"had+过去分词"。8.Ifyou______(study)harder,youwillpasstheexam.参考答案：study解析：虚拟条件句主句用"will+动词原形"，从句用一般现在时。9.ThisistheonlyplaceinthecitywhereI______(evergo).参考答案：haveevergone解析："ever"强调首次经验，现在完成时。10.Themanwho______(speak)EnglishverywellisfromCanada.参考答案：speaks解析：定语从句中，先行词"theman"是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(正确)解析：关系代词"that"正确引导指物从句，先行词"thebook"是单数。2.IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallhimimmediately.(正确)解析：虚拟条件句中，"were"代替"was"，符合与事实相反的假设规则。3.Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeismysister.(正确)解析：关系代词"who"正确引导指人从句，先行词"thegirl"是单数。4.Shehasfinishedherhomeworkfortwohours.(错误)解析：现在完成时不能与表示具体时间的状语（如"fortwohours"）连用，应改为"Shehasfinishedherhomeworkfortwohours."（一般过去时）或改为"Shehasbeendoingherhomeworkfortwohours."（现在完成进行时）。5.Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathemissedthebus.(正确)解析："Thereasonwhy..."结构中，表语从句用虚拟语气，"isthat"引导主语从句。6.Thebookwhichwaswrittenbyhimlastyearisverypopularnow.(错误)解析：定语从句中，"which"和"waswritten"时态矛盾，应改为"Thebookthatwaswrittenbyhimlastyear..."或"Thebookwrittenbyhimlastyear..."（省略关系代词）。7.SheisinterestedinlearningmoreaboutChineseculture.(正确)解析：介词"in"后接动名词形式，符合固定搭配。8.Themanwhoissittingnexttomeisafamouswriter.(错误)解析：关系代词在从句中作主语时，指人用"who"或"that"，但"issitting"是现在进行时，不符合非谓语动词要求，应改为"Themanwhoissitting..."（但题目要求非谓语动词，故此句错误）。9.Ifitweren’tforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedtheprojectontime.(正确)解析：虚拟条件句中，"were"代替"was"，"wouldn’thavefinished"符合与过去事实相反的假设规则。10.Thebookisfullofinterestingfacts,whichmakesitveryengaging.(正确)解析：非限制性定语从句中，"which"指代前面整句话，作主语，谓语用"makes"。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.请解释现在完成时和一般过去时的区别，并举例说明。参考答案：现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响或结果，常与"for+时间段""since+时间点"连用；一般过去时仅表示过去发生的动作。例如：-现在完成时："Ihavefinishedmyhomework."（对现在有影响）-一般过去时："Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday."（仅说明昨天发生）2.请解释定语从句中关系代词"who"和"that"的用法区别。参考答案："who"只能指人，作主语或宾语；"that"可指人或物，作主语或宾语时，若作宾语可省略。例如：-"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismybestfriend."（who指人作主语）-"Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryinteresting."（that指物作宾语，可省略为"Thebookyourecommended...")3.请解释虚拟语气中"If从句"的用法规则。参考答案：若与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用"would+动词原形"；若与过去事实相反，从句用"had+过去分词"，主句用"wouldhave+过去分词"。例如：-与现在相反："IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldstudyharder."-与过去相反："IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam."4.请解释被动语态的构成和用法。参考答案：被动语态由"be动词+过去分词"构成，常用于强调动作承受者或动作不明确时。例如："Thebookwaswrittenbyhim."（强调书被写）5.请解释介词"on""in""at"的时间用法区别。参考答案："on"表示具体时间点（如"onMonday"）；"in"表示较长时段或月份（如"inJune"）；"at"表示具体时刻（如"at7PM"）。例如：-"ShewasbornonMay1st."-"Hewillcallyouintwohours."-"Themeetingwillbeheldat7PM."6.请解释非谓语动词的三大类及其用法。参考答案：-动名词（doing）：作主语、宾语、表语等，如："Swimmingisfun."（主语）-不定式（todo）：作主语、宾语、状语等，如："IwanttolearnEnglish."（宾语）-过去分词（done）：作定语、状语、表语等，如："Thebookreadbyhimisveryinteresting."（定语）7.请解释固定搭配"goodatdoingsth."和"interestedindoingsth."的区别。参考答案："goodatdoing"表示擅长某事，后接动名词；"interestedindoing"表示对某事感兴趣，后接动名词。例如：-"Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano."-"Heisinterestedincollectingstamps."8.请解释虚拟语气中"Thereasonwhy..."结构的用法规则。参考答案：表语从句必须用虚拟语气，即"is+that+从句谓语动词（动词原形或should+动词原形）。例如："Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthebus."五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.阅读以下短文，并按要求改写句子。"Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeismybestfriend.Sheiswearingabluedress.Shehasfinishedherhomework.Shewillgotothelibraryafterclass."改写：用定语从句合并为一句。参考答案："Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeandiswearingabluedresshasfinishedherhomeworkandwillgotothelibraryafterclass."2.阅读以下短文，并按要求改写句子。"Heisinterestedinplayingfootball.HeplaysfootballeverySunday.Hehasneverplayedfootballbefore."改写：用现在完成时和一般现在时合并为一句。参考答案："Hehasneverplayedfootballbefore,butheplaysfootballeverySunday."3.阅读以下短文，并按要求改写句子。"IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldstudyharder.Iwouldpasstheexam.Iamworriedaboutitnow."改写：用虚拟语气合并为一句。参考答案："IwouldpasstheexamifIhadmoretime,butIamworriedaboutitnow."4.阅读以下短文，并按要求改写句子。"Thebookisveryinteresting.Itwaswrittenbymygrandfather.Itisfullofstories."改写：用非谓语动词合并为一句。参考答案："Writtenbymygrandfatherandfullofstories,thebookisveryinteresting."5.阅读以下短文，并按要求改写句子。"Sheisafraidofflying.Shealwaystakesatrain.Shewantstobesafe."改写：用介词短语合并为一句。参考答案："Shealwaystakesatraininsteadofbyplanebecausesheisafraidofflyingandwantstobesafe."6.阅读以下短文，并按要求改写句子。"Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthebus.Hewassurprised.Hedidn’tknowwhattodo."改写：用虚拟语气合并为一句。参考答案："Hewassurprisedthatthereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthebusanddidn’tknowwhattodo."7.阅读以下短文，并按要求改写句子。"Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shehaswonmanyawards.Shepracticeseveryday."改写：用现在完成时和一般现在时合并为一句。参考答案："Shehaswonmanyawardsforplayingthepiano,andshepracticeseveryday."8.阅读以下短文，并按要求改写句子。"Heisinterestedincollectingstamps.Hespendsalotoftimeonit.Helovesit."改写：用非谓语动词合并为一句。参考答案："Interestedincollectingstamps,hespendsalotoftimeonitandlovesit."【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D解析：现在完成时用于首次经验，符合单元重点。2.D解析："theband"已特指，无需重复冠词。3.B解析："thereason"作先行词时，关系词需用"forwhich"。4.D解析："issitting"是现在进行时，应改为非谓语动词形式。5.D解析："waswritten"和"isverypopular"时态矛盾。6.D解析："of"多余，"theUnitedStates"作专有名词无需冠词。7.C解析："Itisimportantthat..."结构中，谓语用"（should）+动词原形"。8.C解析："assoonas"引导时间状语从句，主句时态应与主句一致。9.B解析："they"指代不明，应明确主语。10.D解析："insteadof"后直接跟名词，无需介词。二、填空题1.write解析：不定式作宾语。2.had解析：虚拟条件句从句用一般过去时。3.havevisited解析：现在完成时用于首次经验。4.waswritten解析：被动语态。5.learning解析：介词"in"后接动名词。6.finished解析："Although"引导让步状语从句，主句用一般过去时。7.hadmissed解析："Thereasonwhy..."结构中，表语从句用虚拟语气。8.study解析：虚拟条件句从句用一般现在时。9.haveevergone解析："ever"强调首次经验，现在完成时。10.speaks解析：定语从句中，先行词是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时。三、判断题1.√解析：关系代词"that"正确引导指物从句。2.√解析：虚拟条件句中，"were"代替"was"。3.√解析：关系代词"who"正确引导指人从句。4.×解析：现在完成时不能与表示具体时间的状语连用。5.√解析："Thereasonwhy..."结构中，表语从句用虚拟语气。6.×解析：定语从句中，"which"和"waswritten"时态矛盾。7.√解析：介词"in"后接动名词形式。8.×解析："issitting"是现在进行时，不符合非谓语动词要求。9.√解析：虚拟条件句中，"were"代替"was"。10.√解析：非限制性定语从句中，"which"指代前面整句话。四、简答题1.现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响或结果，常与"for+时间段""since+时间点"连用；一般过去时仅表示过去发生的动作。例如：-现在完成时："Ihavefinishedmyhomework."（对现在有影响）-一般过去时："Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday."（仅说明昨天发生）2."who"只能指人，作主语或宾语；"that"可指人或物，作主语或宾语时，若作宾语可省略。例如：-"Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismybestfriend."（who指人作主语）-"Thebookthatyourecommendedisveryinteresting."（that指物作宾语，可省略为"Thebookyourecommended...")3.若与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用"would+动词原形"；若与过去事实相反，从句用"had+过去分词"，主句用"wouldhave+过去分词"。例如：-与现在相反："IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldstudyharder."-与过去相反："IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam."4.被动语态由"be动词+过去分词"构成，常用于强调动作承受者或动作不明确时。例如："Thebookwaswrittenbyhim."（强调书被写）5."on"表示具体时间点（如"onMonday"）；"in"表示较长时段或月份（如"inJune"）；"at"表示具体时刻（如"at7PM"）。例如：-"ShewasbornonMay1st."-"Hewillcallyouintwohours."-"Themeetingwillbehelda