2025年高考真题-英语（上海卷） 含解析

年上海市普通高等学校招生统一考试英语试卷ADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.a野兔)Onemorning,SallyDalton,aspeechwriter,waswalkingdownapathwhensheheardthebarkofadog.Shethoughtnothingofituntilshecameuponababyhare____1____seemedtobestruggling.Theanimal,nolongerthanthewidthofherhand,____2____(lie)onitsstomachwithitseyesopenanditsshort,silkyearsheldtightlyagainstitsback.Themostlikelyexplanationforits____3____(expose)positionwasthatithadbeenchased,pickedupanddroppedbythedogshe’dheard,andhadendeduplostonthetrack.Daltonwasatacrossroads.Sheknewthat____4____(pick)uptheanimalmightdomoreharmthangood,butleavingittheremightleadtoanequallyunwelcomeoutcome.Shepickeditup.Daltonthoughtshewouldtendtotheanimal’simmediateneedsandthenrelease____5____outside.Butoncethehare____6____(bring)insideherhouse,shebecamefirstitscaretakerandlateritsprotector.Haresarenotmeanttobepets.AndDaltonneverforcedthisharetobecomeone.Whentheharewaswellenoughtoreturntotheoutsideworld.Daltonletitgo.Theharekeptcomingback.Daltonleftherdooropen____7____theanimalcouldcomeandgolikeanadultchildwithadriver’slicense.Theloosearrangementcreatedanunusualbond:theharebecamesocomfortableinDalton’shomethatitgavebirth____8____babyharesbehindacurtaininherstudy.Daltonandtheharelearnedtorespecteachother’sboundaries,whichallowedthem____9____(coexist)peacefully.AnditwasdifficultforDaltonnottoseeadmirablehumanqualitiesinherwoollyhousemate:patience,dignity,calmandstrengthamongthem.Thesequalitiesareinconflictwith_____10_____thehareistypicallydescribedinchildren’sliterature.Think,forinstance,iftheanimal’soverconfidenceinAesop’sTheandtheHare.Dalton’sstoryisadeepdiveintothebiologyoftheanimalandaninsightfullookatitsroleintheanimal-humanworld.【答案】1.that##which第1页/共26页2.waslying3.exposed4.picking5.it6.wasbrought7.inorderthat8.to9.tocoexist10.how【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了撰稿人萨莉救下一只遇险的幼野兔，照料后放生，野兔却常回来。她敞门相待，野兔在她家产崽，二者在尊重边界中和谐共处，这段经历颠覆了野兔在文学中的刻板形象。【1题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她什么也没想，直到她看到一只似乎在挣扎的小野兔。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词ababyharethat或which引导。故填that/which。【2题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这只动物只有她的手掌那么宽，正趴着，眼睛睁着，短而柔软的耳朵紧紧贴在背上。theanimal是单数，所以填waslying。故填waslying。【3题详解】考查形容词。句意：对于它暴露的位置，最可能的解释是，它被她听到的那只狗追逐、捡起又扔在地上，最后在小路上迷路了。此处需要形容词修饰名词position，expose的形容词形式exposed意为“无遮蔽的；暴露的”，符合语境。故填exposed。【4题详解】考查动名词。句意：她知道捡起那只动物可能弊大于利，但把它留在那里可能会导致同样不受欢迎的结果。knewthatpick需变为动名词形式picking行为。故填picking。【5题详解】考查代词。句意：道尔顿认为她应该先满足这只动物的迫切需要，然后再把它放出去。分析句子可知，此处指代前文提到的thehare，作动词release的宾语，用代词it。故填it。【6题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：但是，一旦野兔被带到她的房子里，她就开始成为它的看护人，后来成为它第2页/共26页的保护者。此处为谓语动词的填入，主语thehare和动词bring是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasbrought。【7题详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：道尔顿让她的门开着，这样这只动物就可以像一个拿着驾照的成年孩子一样来inorderthat表示“以便，目的是”引导目的状语从句，符合逻辑。故填inorderthat。【8题详解】考查固定短语。句意：这种松散的安排创造了一种不同寻常的联系：野兔在道尔顿的家里变得如此舒适，以至于在她书房的窗帘后面生下了小野兔。此处为固定短语givebirthto词to。故填to。【9题详解】allowsb./sth.todosth.，意为“允许某人/某物做某事”，因此填动词不定式tocoexist。故填tocoexist。【10题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这些品质与儿童文学中对野兔的典型描述是相冲突的。空格处引导宾语从句，作介词with的宾语，从句中缺少方式状语，意为“野兔在儿童文学中通常被如何描述”，所以为连接副词how引导。故填how。BCompletethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.banningBcontactC.equivalentD.expandingE.extraF.floatingG.hostH.installationsI.multipleJ.proportionsK.varyOneoftheUK'sgreentargetsistocover0.4%ofitslandinsolarpanelsbytheendofthedecade—lessthantheareacoveredbygolfcourses,knownfortheirhighwaterusageandchemical-intensivemaintenancepractices.第3页/共26页AnanalysisbyresearchersattheUniversityofLancastershowedsolarfarmsoccupyabout0.06%oflandtoday.Thevastmajorityhavebeenbuiltonformerfarmland.Thepreviousgovernmentconsideredsolarpowerontherichestagriculturalland.Itproposedlanduseguidelinesthatwoulddiscouragesolarpanel_____12_____onthebestsoils.Astudyofsatelliteimagesrevealedthat65%ofsolarfarmswerebuiltonformerarable(可耕种的)landand30%ongrassland.Therestwasformerlandfill,minesandotheruses.However,HollieBlay,aseniorresearchassociateatLancaster,saidthatinabsolutetermstheareaoccupiedbysolarfarmswasverysmall.workedoutthat0.06%,or15,580hectares(公顷),isroughly_____13_____toatenthoftheareaofGreaterLondon,”shesaid.ThereareaboutathousandsolarfarmsintheUK,withthecurrenttargetof_____14_____capacitythreetimesby2030.Ifallthepanelstomeetthisgoalaremountedontheground,theresearchersfoundsolarfarmswouldrequirea(n)_____15_____80,920hectares.Thatwouldtakesolar'sshareofUKlandto0.4%,or0.83%offarmland.Estimates_____16_____butgolfcoursesarebelievedtocoverabout0.5%ofland.Inreality,someofthepanelsarelikelytobeinstalledontherooftopsoflargeindustrialfacilities,andsomecouldevenbe_____17_____onvastwaters.Thismeansthetrueshareoflandislikelytobeevenlower.Basedoncurrent_____18_____ofwherepanelsareinstalled,solarwouldoccupy0.22%ofland."Solarfarmsarelikelytooccupyasmalllandareacomparedtoprimarylanduses,suchasagriculture,andcouldcombine_____19_____landuses,”theresearcherswrote.Sheepcanberaisedbetweenrowsofpanelsandsolarfarmscanhelpwithnaturerecovery;theycan,accordingtoarecentstudybyaUniversityofCambridgeteam,______20______morebirdsthannearbyarablefields.【答案】A12.H13.C14.D15.E16.K17.F18.J19.I20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕英国太阳能电池板的土地使用情况展开，介绍了当前太阳能农场的土地占用比例、主要建设区域，以及为实现绿色目标所需的土地面积，同时指出太阳能农场可结合多种土地用途，对生态也有一定益处。【题详解】第4页/共26页考查动词。句意：前政府曾考虑在最肥沃的农业用地禁止太阳能发电。considerdoingsth.为固定搭配，意discouragesolarpanel____onthebestsoils鼓励在优质土壤上安装太阳能电池板，此处应表“禁止”，banning（禁止，动名词形式）符合题意。故选A。【12题详解】discourage的宾语，solarpanel复数）符合题意，泛指“安装设施”。故选H。【13题详解】（即15580beequivalenttoequivalent（相等的，相当的）符合题意。故选C。【14题详解】2030of接动名词作宾语，结合“capacitythreetimes”可知此处指“扩大容量”，expanding（扩大，动名词形式）符合题意。故选D。【15题详解】考查形容词。句意：如果所有用于实现此目标的面板都安装在地面上，研究人员发现太阳能农场将额外需要80920公顷土地。空处修饰名词hectaresworkedoutthat0.06%,or15,580hectares”可知，当前已占用15580公顷，此处指“额外需要的”，extra（额外的）符合题意。故选E。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：估算数值各不相同，但高尔夫球场据认为占土地面积的约0.5%。文章整体为一般现在时，空处作谓语，主语Estimates（估算数值）为复数，动词用原形。结合“but”后的转折内容，此处指估算结果不一致，vary（变化，各不相同）符合题意。故选K。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：实际上，一些电池板很可能会安装在大型工业设施的屋顶上，有些甚至可能漂浮在广阔的水面上。空处与前面的be构成进行时态，需填现在分词形式，结合“onvastwatersfloating（漂浮，过去分词形式）符合题意。故选F。【18题详解】第5页/共26页考查名词。句意：根据目前电池板安装位置的比例，太阳能将占用0.22%的土地。空处作Basedon的宾语，0.22%ofland式）符合题意。故选J。【19题详解】landusesSheepcanberaisedbetweenrowsofpanels”可知，可在电池板行间养羊，可知此处指“多种用途”，multiple（多种的）符合题意。故选I。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：根据剑桥大学团队最近的一项研究，它们（太阳能农场）可以比附近的耕地容纳更多的鸟类。情态动词can后接动词原形，结合“morebirdshost（容纳）符合题意。故选G。AinCinInthescientificfield,justasimportantasraisingourvoicesishowwecometogether.Progressdoesn’thappen____21____;it’sfueledbycooperation.Likeamusicbandwhereeveryinstrumentplaysitspart,scientistsfromdifferentbackgroundsharmonizetheirexpertise(专门技术)tocreatesomethinggreaterthanthe____22____ofitsparts.I’vewitnessedthatcooperativepowerfirsthandthroughaninitiativecalledNativePlantHub.Thisinitiativebringstogetherlocalgovernments,tribalcommunities,academicinstitutions,andprivatelandowners.Their____23____mission?Addressingcriticalshortagesinnativeplantmaterialstosupportfirereduction,foreignspeciescontrol,andhabitatrestorationacrossthewesternUnitedStates.Itcouldn’thavesucceededwithoutthecombinedexpertiseofthese____24____groups.Eachcontributessomethingessential,provingthatlarge-scaleconservationdon’thappen___25___;theyrequirelong-terminvestment,cooperation,andcommitment.It’samodelforhowweshould____26____solutionsthatencourageinnovationandtransformtheworld.That’swhyI’msopassionateabouttheCESnetwork—it’srightthereinthename:CooperativeEcosystemStudies.Exchangingknowledgeandexpertiseisthefoundationofscientificprogress.Throughpartnerships,improvementsemergethatmight____27____remaindifficulttoachieve.For第6页/共26页example,aprojecthighlightI’mcurrentlywritinglooksatthecooperationbetweenUniversityofOregonresearchersandtheParkServicetostudytheculturallandscapeofCarlsbadCaverns.WhentheServicesuggestedbringinginacavemicrobiologist,theuniversityteam____28____hadn’tconsideredtheroleofmicroscopiclifeinpreservation.Butonceinvolved,themicrobiologist’sadviceproved____29____.Onekeymomentcamewhentheteamfacedthe____30____ofaworseninghistoricwoodenstaircase,whichhadbecomeahabitatformicroorganisms.precautions(预防措施,),disturbingthestructurecouldhave____31____thecave’sdelicateecosystem.Beforeremovingit,themicrobiologistproposedcoveringthestaircaseto____32____unintendedharm.Afterthesuccessfulrelocation,theteamproposedusingprojectedimagestoillustrateitsformer____33____,enablingvisitorstoappreciateitshistoricalsignificance.Thiscooperation—combiningscientificexpertisewithculturalpreservation—safeguardedboththecave’secological____34____andhistoricalsignificance.Theresultisanapproachthat____35____environmentalconservationandculturalpreservation,ensuringthelong-termprotectionofournationalparks.often,scientificresearchoperatesseparately.Butrealprogressdoesn’tcomefromopposition;itcomesfromcooperation.21A.intimeB.underdiscussionC.forgoodD.inisolation22.A.differenceB.changeC.sumD.management23.A.respectiveB.desertedC.transitionalD.shared24.A.diverseB.educationalC.foreignD.regional25.A.slowlyB.alongsideC.overnightD.properly26A.unlockB.skipC.interpretD.classify27.A.similarlyB.otherwiseC.altogetherD.eventually28.A.consequentlyB.regretfullyC.fortunatelyD.initially29.A.unrealisticB.invaluableC.misleadingD.conventional30.A.establishmentB.decorationC.removalD.coverage31.A.sustainedB.replacedC.reformedD.ruined32.A.causeB.maskC.preventD.33.A.presenceB.expressionC.pollutionD.strategy34.A.supervisionB.integrityC.guidanceD.occupation35.A.accessesB.balancesC.evaluatesD.traces第7页/共26页【答案】21.D22.C23.D24.A25.C26.A27.B28.D29.B30.C31.D32.C33.A34.B35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章强调科学进步依赖合作而非孤立，以本土植物中心和洞穴保护项目为例，说明跨领域协作能创造更大价值，实现生态与文化保护的平衡。【21题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：进步并非孤立发生；它是合作推动的。A.intime及时；B.underdiscussion讨论中；C.forgood永远；D.inisolationit’sfueledbycooperation”和下文“Likeamusicbandwhereeveryinstrumentplaysitspart,scientistsfromdifferentbackgroundsharmonizetheirexpertise(专门技术)tocreatesomethinggreaterthantheofitsparts.(就像一支乐队，每种乐器各司其职，来自不同背景的科学家协调他们的专业知识，创造出比各部分总和更伟大的东西。)”可知，只有相互合作，才能取得进步，所以进步并非是孤立发生的。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像一支乐队，每种乐器各司其职，来自不同背景的科学家协调他们的专业知识，创造出比各部分总和更伟大的东西。A.difference不同；B.change变化；C.sum总和；D.management管理。根据第1小题可知，合作可以推动进步的产生，所以乐队通过各个乐器的合作配合演奏出的乐曲，要胜于单个乐器的简单相加；同样，来自不同背景的科学家协调融合他们的专业知识所创造出来的东西，也要比单个知识简单相加的总和更伟大。故选C。【23题详解】A.respectiveB.deserted荒废的；C.transitional过渡的；D.shared共同的。根据上文“Thisinitiativebringstogetherlocalgovernments,tribalcommunities,academicinstitutions,andprivatelandowners.(聚集在一起。)”可知，这里是问的这些聚集着共同的使命。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有这些不同群体的综合专业知识，它就不会成功。A.diverse不同的、各种各样的；B.educational教育的；C.foreign外国的；D.regionalThisinitiativebringstogetherlocalgovernments,tribalcommunities,academicinstitutions,andprivatelandowners.(社区、学术机构以及私人土地所有者聚集在一起。)”可知，成功依赖于这些不同群体的综合的专业知识。故选A。【25题详解】第8页/共26页考查副词词义辨析。句意：每一个都贡献了一些必不可少的东西，证明了大规模的保护工作不是一夜之间就能完成的。A.slowly缓慢地；B.alongside在旁边；C.overnight一夜之间；D.properly适当地、正确地。根据下文“theyrequirelong-terminvestment,cooperation,andcommitment.(诺。)”可知，大规模的保护工作是一个长期的过程，所以不是一夜之间就能完成的。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个为我们提供应该如何解锁鼓励创新和改变世界的解决方案的范例。A.unlockB.skipC.interpretD.classify分类。根据上文“Eachcontributessomethingessential,provingthatlarge-scaleconservationdon’thappen;theyrequirelong-terminvestment,cooperation,andcommitment.(就能完成的；它们需要长期的投资、合作以及承诺。)”和本句中的“innovationandtransform”可知，大规模的保护工作需要长期的投资、合作和承诺才能实现，这为如何能找到并实施——即解锁鼓励创新和改变世界的解决方法提供了范例。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：通过合作，可以产生进步，否则这些进步可能难以实现。A.similarly相似地；B.otherwise否则；C.altogether总共；D.eventually最终。根据上文“Exchangingknowledgeandexpertiseisthefoundationofscientificprogress.(知识交流与专业互鉴是科学进步的基础。)”可知，相互合作是取得科学进步的基础，否则难以取得进步。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当公园管理局建议引进洞穴微生物学家时，大学团队最初并没有考虑到微生物在保护中的作用。A.consequentlyB.regretfullyC.fortunately幸运地；D.initiallyButonceinvolved,themicrobiologist’sadviceproved.(生物学家的建议就被证明是非常宝贵的。)”可知，大学团队应该一开始并没有考虑到微生物在保护中的作用，直到参与其中才发现引进的微生物学家建议的宝贵。故选D。【29题详解】A.unrealistic不切实际的；B.invaluableC.misleading误导的；D.conventionalWhentheServicesuggestedbringinginacavemicrobiologist,theuniversityteamhadn’tconsideredtheroleofmicroscopiclifeinpreservation.(当公园管理局建议引进洞穴微生物学家时，大学团队最初并没有考虑到微生物在保护中的作用。)”可知，两句之间为转折关系，说明公园管理局建议引进洞穴微生物学家时，大学团队一开始并没有考虑到微生物在保护中的作用，但是当微生物学家参与其中后，他所提出的建议应该被证第9页/共26页明是非常有效、非常宝贵的。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个关键时刻到来了，团队面临着拆除一座日益恶化的历史木楼梯的问题，该A.establishment建立；B.decoration装饰；C.removalD.coverageBeforeremovingit,(在拆除它之前)”可知，团队面临的应该是要拆除一座历史木楼梯的问题。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有预防措施，扰乱结构可能会破坏洞穴脆弱的生态系统。A.sustained维B.replacedC.reformedD.ruined毁坏、破坏。根据上文的“whichhadbecomeahabitatformicroorganisms(该楼梯已成为微生物的栖息地)”和常识可知，如果没有预防措施，拆除一座日益恶化的、已成为微生物栖息地的历史木楼梯，扰乱了楼梯的结构，很可能会破坏洞穴脆弱的生态系统。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在拆除它之前，微生物学家建议覆盖楼梯以防止意外伤害。A.cause引起；B.mask掩饰、遮盖；C.prevent阻止、防止；D.遭受。根据第小题和常识可知，如果不采取预防措施，那么扰乱楼梯结构就很可能会破坏洞穴脆弱的生态系统，所以在拆除前覆盖楼梯，是为了防止意外的伤害。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功搬迁后，团队建议用投影图像来展示其昔日的存在，让游客领略其历史意义。A.presence存在；B.expression表达；C.pollution污染；D.strategy策略。根据句中的“relocation”和“projectedimages它昔日存在时的全貌。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种合作将科学专业知识与文化遗产保护结合起来，保障了洞穴的生态完整性和历史意义。A.supervision监督、管理；B.integrity完整性；C.guidance指导；D.occupation职业、占用。根据第12小题和上文的“Afterthesuccessfulrelocation的生态系统，所以保障了它的完整性。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其结果是一种平衡环境保护和文化保护的方法，确保我们国家公园的长期保护。A.accesses接近、进入；B.balances平衡；C.evaluates评估；D.traces追踪。根据上文“Thiscooperation—combiningscientificexpertisewithculturalpreservation—safeguardedboththecave’secologicaland第10页/共26页historicalsignificance.(这种合作将科学专业知识与文化遗产保护结合起来，保障了洞穴的生态完整性和历史意义。)”可知，这种合作既保护了文化遗产，又保护了生态环境，是一种平衡环境保护和文化保护的方法。故选B。BisinAndreasSchleichersatdownquietlytowardthebackoftheroom,tryingnottoattractattention.Hedidthissometimes,wanderingintoclasseshehadnointentionoftaking.Itwasthemid-1980s,andhewasstudyingphysicsattheUniversityofHamburg,oneofGermany’sleadinguniversities.Inhisfreetime,however,heslippedintolecturesthewayotherpeoplewatchedtelevision.ThisclasswastaughtbyThomasNevillePostlethwaite,whocalledhimselfan“educationalscientist.”Schleicherfoundthetitlecurious.Schleicher’sfatherwasaneducationprofessorattheuniversityandhadalwaystalkedabouteducationasakindofmysteriousart.cannotmeasurewhatmattersineducation—thehumanqualities,”hisfatherlikedtosay.FromwhatSchleichercouldtell,therewasnothingscientificabouteducation,whichwaswhyhepreferredphysics.ButthisBritishfellowwhoselastnamehecouldnotpronounceseemedtothinktheotherwayaround.Postlethwaitewaspartofanewgroupofresearcherswhoweretryingtoanalyzeasoftsubjectinahardway,muchlikeaphysicistmightstudyeducationifhecould.Schleicherlistenedcarefullytothedebateaboutstatisticsandsampling.Inhismind,hestartedimaginingwhatmighthappenifonereallycouldcomparewhatkidsknewaroundtheworld,whilecontrollingforfactorslikeraceorpovertyintheanalysis.Hefoundhimselfraisinghishandandjoiningthediscussion.InSchleicher’sexperience,GermanschoolshadnotbeenasexceptionalasGermaneducatorsseemedtothink.Asaboy,he’dfeltboredmuchofthetimeandearnedordinarygrades.But,asateenager,severalteachershadencouragedhisfascinationwithscienceandnumbers,andhisgradeshadimproved.Inhighschool,he’dwonanationalscienceprize,whichmeanthewasmoreorlessguaranteedawell-payingjobinaprivatecompanyaftercollege.Thatwasexactlywhathe’dplannedtodo,untilhesteppedintoPostlethwaite’slecture.Attheendofclass,theprofessoraskedSchleichertostaybehind.Hecouldtellthattherewassomethingdifferentaboutthisyoungman.第11页/共26页youliketohelpmewiththisresearch?”Schleicherstaredbackathim,shocked.“Iknownothingabouteducation.”“Oh,thatdoesn’tmatter,”Postlethwaitesaid,smiling.Afterthat,thetwomenbegantoteamup,eventuallycreatingthefirstinternationalreadingtest,atestthatmeasuredreadingabilityglobally.36.WhichofthefollowingistrueofSchleicherinhisuniversityyears?A.HebenefitedfromwatchingTV.B.Heoftendebatedwithhisclassmates.C.Hedroppedinatdifferentlectures.D.Hefeltdissatisfiedwithhisgrades.37.WhatcanbelearnedaboutSchleicher’sfatherfromthepassage?A.Hemeasuredhumanqualitiesinahardway.B.HehadconflictingideaswithPostlethwaite.C.Heconsiderededucationbothartandscience.D.Hehadapreferenceforphysicsovereducation.38.Whatdoestheword“”(para.5)probablyreferto?A.Obtainingadecentjob.B.anationalprize.C.Joiningheateddiscussions.D.Designingareadingtest.39.WhywasSchleicherdifferentinPostlethwaite’seyes?A.Hewasrecommendedbyhishighschoolteachers.B.Hehadthepotentialforquantitativeeducationalresearch.C.Hehadgoodacademicrecordsduringhisschoolyears.D.Hewasinfluencedbyhisfather’sresearchapproach.【答案】36.C37.B38.A39.D【解析】文章主要讲述了AndreasSchleicher终与教授合作创建了第一个国际阅读测试的故事。【36题详解】第12页/共26页细节理解题。根据第二段“Inhisfreetime,however,heslippedintolecturesthewayotherpeoplewatchedtelevision.()Schleicher在大学期间经常溜进不同的课堂听讲座。故选C项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’sfatherwasaneducationprofessorattheuniversityandhadalwaystalkedabouteducationasakindofmysteriousart.cannotmeasurewhatmattersineducation—thehumanqualities,’hisfatherlikedtosay.FromwhatSchleichercouldtell,therewasnothingscientificabouteducation,whichwaswhyhepreferredphysics.ButthisBritishfellowwhoselastnamehecouldnotpronounceseemedtothinktheotherwayaround.(Schleicher的父亲是这所大学的教育学教授，他一直把教育视为一种神秘的艺术。Schleicher所知，教育没有什么科学可言，这就是他更喜欢物理的原因。但是这位他连姓都念不出来的英国人似乎却有相反的想法。)”可知，Schleicher的父亲认为教育是艺术，无法衡量，而Postlethwaite则试图用科学的方法分析教育，由此可推知，Schleicher的父亲与Postlethwaite的想法有冲突。故选B项。【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段“Inhighschool,he’dwonanationalscienceprize,whichmeanthewasmoreorlessguaranteedawell-payingjobinaprivatecompanyaftercollege.Thatwasexactlywhathe’dplannedtodo,untilhesteppedintoPostlethwaite’slecture.(高中时，他获得了全国科学奖，这意味着他大学毕业后或多或少能在一家私营公司找到一份高薪工作。这正是他原本的计划，直到他走进了Postlethwaite的课堂。)”可知，That指代上文提到的“在一家私营公司找到一份高薪工作”，即获得一份体面的工作。故选A项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Schleicher’sfatherwasaneducationprofessorattheuniversityandhadalwaystalkedabouteducationasakindofmysteriousart.(Schleicher种神秘的艺术。)”以及后文Schleicher与Postlethwaite教授合作，共同创建了第一个国际阅读测试，用科学的方法分析教育，可推知，Schleicher受父亲研究方法的影响，对教育有独特的思考，这种思考方式在Postlethwaite教授眼中是与众不同的，所以认为他有潜力。D项“Hewasinfluencedbyhisfather’sresearchAC项“他在学校期间学习成绩很好”，文章均未提及；根据第三段“FromwhatSchleichercouldtell,therewasnothingscientificabouteducation,whichwaswhyhepreferredphysics.(据Schleicher所知，教育没有什么科学可言，这就是他更喜欢物理的原因。)”可知，Schleicher原本对教育科学并不感兴趣，所以B项“他有进行量化教育研究的潜力”不是教授认为他与众不同的原因。故选D项。第13页/共26页TheLouisDepartmentofEducation(LDOE)’sAIintegrationframework(框架)isacomprehensive,responsibleapproachtomaximizingAI’sbenefits.Adoptingacontinuouscycleofexplorationandimprovement,itempowersschoolstoadoptAIresponsiblywhileprioritizingstudentsafetyandfuturereadiness.Theframeworkaimstocreateasustainableenvironmentthatimprovesteaching,learning,andoutcomesthroughresearch,policy,communityinvolvement,andongoingevaluation.&&ThiscomponentcentersonassessingtheThiscomponentstressessettingclearimpactofAIapplicationineducationalgoalsforAIintegration.Itinvolvessettings.Itinvolvestrackingstudentprogress,researchingevidence-basedpractices,measuringtheeffectivenessofAItoolsandassessingAI’sbenefitsandchallenges,andresources,andidentifyingareasforidentifyingtoolsinlinewiththecity’simprovement.RegularmonitoringensureseducationalobjectivestoensurepurposefulthatAIinitiativesareinlinewitheducationalandinformedapplication.goalsandadapttothechangingneedsofstudentsandeducators.第14页/共26页&RecognizingthatAIintegrationimpactsThiscomponentaddressestheneedforvariouskeyparticipants,thiscomponentclearguidelinesandpoliciesthatgovernAI’semphasizesactiveengagementandresponsibleuseineducationalsettings.Itcooperation.Stakeholderslikeeducators,involvesdevelopingframeworksfordataadministrators,students,parents,privacy,ensuringaccesstoAIresources,andpolicymakers,andcommunitymembersareestablishingstandardsfordesigningandusinginvolvedintheprocesstogatherdifferentAItools.Policyandguidanceprovideaperspectives,addressconcerns,andbuildstructuredapproachtohandlingthesupportforAIinitiatives.ThisapproachcomplexitiesofAIintegrationandensuringpromotestrust,ownership,andjointthatitfollowslegalandeducationalresponsibilityinshapingthefutureofAIinprinciples.education.40.Whatistheframeworkmainlyintendedtodo?A.EncouragestudentstoexploreAItools.B.PrepareschoolsforresponsibleAIuse.C.ImproveteachingbyincreasingAIuse.D.GuaranteestudentsafetywithAItools.41.Whatdoesthecomponent“Evaluation&Monitoring”focuson?AExaminingtheofAIuse.B.Monitoringstudents’useofAI.C.AssessingstudentdevelopmentinAI.D.LocatingtheweaknessofAItools.42.AschoolinthecityofLouisisplanningtointroduceanAItooltohelpstudentswithlearning.Theteacherinchargeislookingforwaystoavoidthemisuseofstudents’personaldata.Whichcomponentshouldtheteachermainlyreferto?A.Purpose&ResearchB.Policy&GuidanceC.EngageStakeholdersD.Evaluation&Monitoring【答案】40.B41.A42.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细阐述了路易斯教育部门（LDOE）的AI整合框架的四个主要组成部分及其目的和作用。第15页/共26页【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Adoptingacontinuouscycleofexplorationandimprovement,itempowersschoolstoadoptAIresponsiblywhileprioritizingstudentsafetyandfuturereadiness.(该框架采用持续的探索和改进周期，使学校能够在优先考虑学生安全和未来准备的同时，负责任地采用AI)校为负责任地使用AI做好准备。故选B项。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据“Evaluation&Monitoring”部分“ThiscomponentcentersonassessingtheimpactofAIapplicationineducationalsettings.(这一部分主要关注评估AI)测”部分主要关注的是评估AI在教育环境中的应用影响，即，检查AI使用的影响。故选A项。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据“Policy&Guidance”部分“ThiscomponentaddressestheneedforclearguidelinesandpoliciesthatgovernAI’sresponsibleuseineducationalsettings.Itinvolvesdevelopingframeworksfordataprivacy,ensuringaccesstoAIresources,andestablishingstandardsfordesigningandusingAItools.(这一部分解AI在教育环境中的负责任使用。它涉及制定数据隐私框架，确保获得AI资源，以及为设计和使用AI工具建立标准。)”可知，如果一个学校计划引入AI工具来帮助学生，而负责的老师正在寻找避免学生个人数据被滥用方法，那么老师应该主要参考“政策与指导”部分，因为它涉及制定数据隐私框架。故选B项。Thepetfoodindustryhasreceivedunkindremarksastothetrueoriginofitsingredients(原料)fordecades.Nowtheindustryfacesanothersourceofcriticismasanewbookstartsadebateabouttheenvironmentalimpactofowningawell-fedpet.TheNewScientistmagazine,inarecenteditorial,largelyagreedwiththebook’sfindingsthatsomepets,duetothefoodtheyeat,haveasurprisinglyhigh“ecologicalfootprint”,whichisawayofquantifyinghumandemandontheplanet’secosystemsusingameasurecalled“globalhectares”.Accordingtotheauthorsofthebook,“Ashockingcomparisonisthatin2004,theaveragecitizenofsomepoorcountrieshadaneco-footprintof0.76hectares.Theeco-footprintofacatisabout0.15hectares,almostthesameaswhatisneededtorunasmallcar.Inaworldwhereresourcesarealreadylimited,canpeoplereallyjustifykeepingpetsthatrequiremorethansomepeople?”Theauthorsofthebooksaythattheywere“genuinelysurprised”whencalculatingtheenvironmentalimpact第16页/共26页ofpets.Andsomeoftheideastheyputforwardtoattenuatethisarelikelytoshocksomepetowners.Forexample,thebooksuggestscatchingpestssuchasfieldmiceandprocessingthemintoa“natural”catfood,orraisingpetslikechickensthatprovidebothcompanyandfresheggs.Whenfeedingapet,however,theadviceistofavourpetfoodsmadefromchickenmeat,whichislessdamagingtotheenvironmentthanredmeatandfish.Asyoumightexpect,thePetFoodManufacturersAssociation(PFMA)putsupaspiriteddefence,arguingthatthevastmajorityofmeatandfishusedinpetfoodsisofsufficientqualityforhumanconsumptionbutmorethanhumansneed.“Ifwedidn’trecycleanimalby-productstosell,theymightinsteadbeabandonedandburiedundertheearth,whichisnotverygreen,”saysthedirector.Inaddition,hepointsoutthatpetsshouldnotbeviewedjustontheircarbonfootprint.“Ourenvironmentisgreatlyenrichedbytheparttheyplayinourlives.Petsinthehomeinspireresponsibility,encouragesocialawarenessandhavepositivehealthbenefits.”43Whatissuggestedinthebooktomakepetfoodproductiongreener?A.MakingprocessedpetfoodsoutofpestsB.Feedingpetsprimarilywithfishandmeat.C.Increasingtheuseofredmeatinpetfoods.D.usinganimalby-productsinpetfoods.44.Theword“”(para4)isclosestinmeaningto“_______”.A.assessB.blameC.driveD.reduce45.WhichargumentdoesPFMAmaketodefendtheindustry?A.Theuseofmeatandfishinpetfoodscanpreventwaste.B.Petfoodproductionisbothsustainableandcost-efficient.C.Petfoodingredientsareasnutritiousasthoseforhumans.D.Theeco-footprintsofhumansfaroutnumberthoseofpets.46.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A.Theoriginofpetfoodingredients.B.Calculationofpetcarbonfootprint.C.Environmentalimpactofpetfoods.D.Aspiriteddebateoverpetownership.【答案】43.A44.D45.A46