2025-2026年四川省人教版初中英语下册语法专项训练习题

2025-2026年四川省人教版初中英语下册语法专项训练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据句意和语法规则，选择最佳选项填空：Mybrotheroften______footballwithhisfriendsonweekends,buthe______itverymuchbecauseheisusuallytootired.A.plays/doesn’tlikeB.isplaying/doesn’tlikeC.plays/doesn’tliketoplayD.isplaying/doesn’tliketoplay解析：本题考查动词时态和固定搭配。第一空描述经常性动作，应用一般现在时"plays"；第二空表达"不喜欢做某事"，需用"don’tliketodosth"结构，故选C。2.完形填空：Lastsummer,I______totheGreatWallwithmyfamily.It______veryhot,butwe______alotoffun.A.go/is/haveB.went/was/hadC.goes/are/hasD.went/were/had解析：第一空描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时"went"；第二空指天气状态，用一般过去时"was"；第三空指过去一段时间内完成的动作，用一般过去时"had"，故选B。3.选择正确的时态填空：TheteachertoldusthattheEarth______aroundtheSun.A.goesB.wentC.isgoingD.hasgone解析：宾语从句需用一般现在时，主句时态不受影响，故选A。4.根据语境选择合适的情态动词：You______borrowmybook,butyoumustreturnitontime.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should解析：情态动词"can"表示允许，"may"可能性较低，"must"表示必须，"should"建议。根据句意"可以借但必须按时还"，选A。5.选择合适的介词填空：Mysisterisgoodatsinging______thepiano.A.atB.onC.inD.for解析：乐器前用"onthepiano"，故选B。6.完形填空：What______youdolastnight?I______TVathome.A.did/watchB.do/watchedC.did/waswatchingD.weredoing/watched解析：第一空询问过去动作，用一般过去时"did"；第二空描述过去持续状态，用过去进行时"waswatching"，故选C。7.选择合适的时态填空：Ifit______tomorrow,we______gotothezoo.A.rains/willnotgoB.willrain/won’tgoC.rains/won’tgoD.willrain/go解析：if条件句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，故选C。8.根据语境选择合适的动词形式：Thestudents______quietbecausetheteacher______enteringtheclassroom.A.are/isB.is/areC.were/wasD.are/was解析：第一空指学生群体，用复数"are"；第二空指老师进入动作，用单数"was"，故选C。9.选择合适的时态填空：I______tothelibraryyesterday,butI______mykeysathome.A.go/lostB.went/lostC.went/hadlostD.go/hadlost解析：第一空描述过去动作，用一般过去时"went"；第二空指过去发生的动作，用一般过去时"lost"，故选B。10.根据语境选择合适的非谓语动词：Pleasekeep______noiseinthelibrary.A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.made解析：动词"keep"后接动名词"making"，故选C。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Myparents______(notwatch)TVintheeveningbecausetheywanttoreadbooks.解析：否定形式"don’twatch"，故填don’twatch。2.She______(go)tothesupermarketwithhermotherlastSunday.解析：一般过去时"went"，故填went。3.Ifyou______(be)latetomorrow,you______(miss)thetrain.解析：条件句一般现在时"are"，主句一般将来时"willmiss"，故填are/willmiss。4.Theboy______(play)basketballnow,buthe______(play)footballyesterday.解析：现在进行时"isplaying"，一般过去时"played"，故填isplaying/played。5.We______(have)apartynextweekend,soyou______(notcome)alone.解析：一般将来时"willhave"，否定祈使句"don’tcome"，故填willhave/don’tcome。6.Mysister______(notlike)horrormovies,butshe______(like)comedies.解析：否定形式"doesn’tlike"，肯定形式"likes"，故填doesn’tlike/likes。7.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(go)tothebeach.解析：一般现在时"rains"，一般将来时"willgo"，故填rains/willgo。8.Thestudents______(study)hardfortheexam,butthey______(notpass)iteasily.解析：现在进行时"arestudying"，否定形式"won’tpass"，故填arestudying/won’tpass。9.Pleasedon’t______(make)toomuchnoiseintheclassroom.解析：动名词"making"，故填making。10.Mybrother______(go)toAmericanextmonthtostudyEnglish.解析：一般将来时"willgo"，故填willgo。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.TheEarthgoesaroundtheSun.(正确)解析：科学事实，地球围绕太阳公转，时态正确。2.Shewenttothelibraryyesterdaybecauseshewantedtoborrowbooks.(正确)解析：一般过去时"went"符合过去动作，原因状语从句时态正确。3.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyougotobed.(正确)解析：情态动词"must"表示必须，时间状语从句时态正确。4.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothepark.(正确)解析：条件句一般现在时"rains"，主句一般将来时"willgo"，时态正确。5.Theboyisplayingthepianonow.(正确)解析：现在进行时"isplaying"符合描述正在进行的动作。6.Mysisterdoesn’tliketoplaytheguitar,butsheplaysitverywell.(正确)解析：否定形式"doesn’tliketoplay"和一般现在时"plays"时态一致。7.Theywenttothezoolastweekend,buttheydidn’tseeanyanimals.(正确)解析：一般过去时"went"和"didn’tsee"时态一致。8.Youcanborrowmybook,butyoumustreturnitontime.(正确)解析：情态动词"can"表示允许，"must"表示必须，逻辑正确。9.Thestudentsarestudyinghardfortheexam,sotheywillpassiteasily.(错误)解析：因果关系不绝对，"so"使用不当，应改为"because"或删除。10.Ifyouarelatetomorrow,youwillmissthetrain.(正确)解析：条件句一般现在时"are"，主句一般将来时"willmiss"，时态正确。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"can"and"may"inEnglish.参考答案："Can"isusedtoexpressabilityorpermission.Forexample,"Youcanswim."Forpermission,itismoreinformal."May"isusedforpermission(moreformal)andpossibility.Forexample,"MayIuseyourphone?"or"Itmayraintomorrow."评分标准：答出"can"表能力/允许，"may"表允许（正式）/可能性，各1分。2.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?参考答案：Passivevoice:Subject+be+pastparticiple.Forexample,"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim."Activevoice:"Hewrotethebook."评分标准：答出结构"be+过去分词"，举例1分，解释1分。3.Whatisthefunctionof"will"and"begoingto"infuturetense?参考答案："Will"expressesdecisionsorpredictions."Begoingto"expressesplansorintentions.Forexample,"Iwillcallyoutomorrow."(decision)"Iamgoingtovisitmyparentsnextweek."(plan)评分标准：答出"will"表决定/预测，"begoingto"表计划/意图，举例1分，解释1分。4.Whydoweusethepresentcontinuoustense?参考答案：Itdescribesactionshappeningnowortemporarysituations.Forexample,"Sheiscookingdinner."(actionnow)"Heisstudyinghardforexams."(temporarysituation)评分标准：答出描述现在进行/临时状态，举例1分，解释1分。5.HowdoyoumakeanegativesentenceinEnglish?参考答案：Use"donot"(don’t)or"doesnot"(doesn’t)forpresentsimple,and"didnot"(didn’t)forpastsimple.Forexample,"Hedoesn’tlikeapples.""Theydidn’tgotoschool."评分标准：答出否定形式，举例1分，解释1分。6.Whatisthedifferencebetween"thereis"and"thereare"?参考答案："Thereis"isusedforsingularnouns."Thereare"isusedforpluralnouns.Forexample,"Thereisacat.""Therearethreebirds."评分标准：答出单复数区分，举例1分，解释1分。7.Howdoyouuse"too"and"either"?参考答案："Too"means"also"attheendofasentence."Either"means"too"innegativesentences.Forexample,"Ilikeapples,too.""Idon’tlikecoffee,either."评分标准：答出"too"用法，"either"用法，举例1分，解释1分。8.Whydoweusethepastcontinuoustense?参考答案：Itdescribesactionshappeningataspecifictimeinthepast.Forexample,"IwaswatchingTVwhenyoucalled."(interruptingaction)评分标准：答出描述过去特定时间动作，举例1分，解释1分。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceintopassivevoice:"Theteachergaveusabookyesterday."参考答案："Abookwasgiventousyesterday."解析：主语"book"作被动语态主语，"wasgiven"是谓语，"tous"是间接宾语，"yesterday"是时间状语，时态和结构正确。2.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"IfI______(have)moneynextyear,I______(travel)toJapan."参考答案："have/willtravel"解析：条件句一般现在时"have"，主句一般将来时"willtravel"，时态搭配正确。3.Transformthesentenceintothepresentcontinuoustense:"Theyareplayingbasketballnow."参考答案："Theyareplayingbasketballnow."解析：原句已是现在进行时，无需变化。4.Correcttheerrorinthesentence:"Shedon’tliketoreadbooks."参考答案："Shedoesn’tliketoreadbooks."解析：第三人称单数主语"she"需用"doesn’t"而非"don’t"，时态和主谓一致正确。5.Completethesentencewiththecorrectmodalverb:"You______borrowmypen,butyoumustreturnit."参考答案："can"解析：情态动词"can"表示允许，符合语境。6.Writeasentenceusingthepastcontinuoustensetodescribewhatyouweredoingwhenthephonerang.参考答案："IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang."解析：描述过去同时发生的动作，用过去进行时"waswatching"和一般过去时"rang"，时态正确。7.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(go)tothebeach."参考答案："rains/willgo"解析：条件句一般现在时"rains"，主句一般将来时"willgo"，时态搭配正确。8.Transformthesentenceintothepassivevoice:"Thestudentscleanedtheclassroomyesterday."参考答案："Theclassroomwascleanedbythestudentsyesterday."解析：原句主动语态主语"students"变为被动语态宾语，动词"cleaned"变为过去分词"cleaned"，"by"引出主动者，时态和结构正确。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.B3.A4.A5.B6.C7.C8.C9.B10.C解析：1.C动词时态和固定搭配；2.B过去时态；3.A宾语从句时态；4.A情态动词；5.B乐器介词；6.C过去时态；7.C条件句时态；8.C时态；9.B过去时态；10.C动名词。二、填空题1.don’twatch2.went3.are/willmiss4.isplaying/played5.willhave/don’tcome6.doesn’tlike/likes7.rains/willgo8.are