2026年湖南省人教版初中英语下册语法专项训练习题

2026年湖南省人教版初中英语下册语法专项训练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据语境，选择合适的词填空：Theteacheraskedusto______thenewruleinclassyesterday.A.followB.followupC.followthroughD.followout解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。follow意为“跟随”，followup意为“追踪”，followthrough意为“坚持到底”，followout意为“贯彻”。根据句意“老师昨天要求我们在课堂上遵守新规则”，应选A。B项强调后续行动，C项强调坚持，D项强调执行，均不符合语境。2.完形填空：MyfriendTomisveryhelpful.Heoften______mewhenIhaveproblemswithmyhomework.A.givesadvicetoB.givesadviceforC.givesuponD.givesinto解析：本题考查动词短语。giveadvicetosb.意为“给某人提建议”，giveuponsb.意为“放弃某人”，giveintosb.意为“向某人屈服”。根据句意“当我在作业上遇到问题时，他经常给我提建议”，应选A。B项介词错误，C项与句意相反，D项不符合语境。3.时态填空：Look!Thestudents______theclassroomnow.A.cleanB.arecleaningC.cleanedD.willclean解析：本题考查现在进行时。now表示动作正在进行，需用现在进行时。A项为一般现在时，C项为一般过去时，D项为一般将来时，均不符合语境。B项符合现在进行时结构，正确。4.完形填空：IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______more.A.listentomusicB.watchTVC.readbooksD.playgames解析：本题考查动词不定式。improveyourEnglish强调提升英语能力，需用动词不定式作宾语。A项和D项与提升英语关系不大，B项被动式不合适，C项readbooks符合语境，正确。5.完形填空：Theboy______toschoolbybuseveryday.A.goesB.goC.isgoingD.aregoing解析：本题考查主谓一致。theboy为单数主语，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。B项和D项主谓不一致，C项时态错误，A项符合一般现在时单数形式，正确。6.完形填空：Pleasedon’t______thewindowwhenyouleavetheroom.A.closeB.openC.lockD.break解析：本题考查动词辨析。leavetheroom强调离开房间，需用closethewindow“关窗户”。B项与句意相反，C项“锁窗户”与离开房间无关，D项“打破窗户”过于严重，均不符合语境。7.完形填空：Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?Ithinkit’s______.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestD.interestedin解析：本题考查形容词辨析。beinterestedinsth.意为“对某事感兴趣”，beinterested为错误用法。A项和D项主谓不一致，C项interest为名词，不符合语境。B项interesting“有趣的”符合句意，正确。8.完形填空：TheteachertoldusthattheEarth______aroundtheSun.A.goesB.goesonC.goesaroundD.goesthrough解析：本题考查动词短语。goaroundtheSun意为“绕着太阳转”，符合天文学常识。A项go意为“去”，B项goon意为“继续”，D项gothrough意为“经历”，均不符合语境。C项符合句意，正确。9.完形填空：IfyouwanttobeagoodEnglishspeaker,youshould______Englisheveryday.A.speakB.speaksC.speakingD.tospeak解析：本题考查动词不定式。beagoodEnglishspeaker强调成为优秀英语口语者，需用动词不定式作宾语。A项和C项缺少to，B项主谓不一致，D项tospeak符合语境，正确。10.完形填空：Thestudents______theexamnextMonday.A.willhaveB.arehavingC.willgotoD.aregoingtohave解析：本题考查将来时态。nextMonday表示具体将来时间，需用一般将来时。A项和D项结构均可，但D项更强调计划性。B项一般现在时错误，C项与考试无关，均不符合语境。D项符合语境，正确。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Mysister______(live)inShanghaiforfiveyears.解析：本题考查现在完成时。forfiveyears表示持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时。动词原形为live，加-ed后缀，正确形式为haslived。2.Theboy______(notgo)toschoolyesterdaybecausehewassick.解析：本题考查一般过去时否定形式。yesterday表示过去时间，需用一般过去时。notgo的过去式为didn'tgo，正确形式为didn'tgo。3.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillgohiking.解析：本题考查一般现在时在if条件句中作主句。tomorrow表示将来时间，主句需用一般现在时。动词原形为rain，正确形式为rains。4.Thestudents______(study)EnglishfromMondaytoFriday.解析：本题考查一般现在时。fromMondaytoFriday表示固定时间，需用一般现在时。动词原形为study，正确形式为study。5.Pleasedon’t______(make)noiseinthelibrary.解析：本题考查动词不定式被动式。makenoise为固定搭配，需用动词不定式被动式。正确形式为makeanoise。6.Thegirl______(be)tenyearsoldnextmonth.解析：本题考查一般将来时。nextmonth表示将来时间，需用一般将来时。动词原形为be，正确形式为willbe。7.Ifyou______(work)hard,youwillsucceed.解析：本题考查动词不定式。workhard为固定搭配，需用动词不定式。正确形式为workhard。8.TheteachertoldusthattheEarth______(go)aroundtheSun.解析：本题考查动词短语。goaroundtheSun为固定搭配，需用动词原形。正确形式为goes。9.Mybrother______(notlike)eatingvegetables.解析：本题考查一般现在时否定形式。like的过去式为doesn'tlike，正确形式为doesn'tlike。10.Thestudents______(have)atestnextweek.解析：本题考查一般将来时。nextweek表示将来时间，需用一般将来时。动词原形为have，正确形式为willhave。三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theboygoestoschoolbybikeeveryday.(×)解析：本题考查交通方式。bybike意为“骑自行车”，若改为bybus“乘公交车”则正确。2.Thestudentsarehavinglunchnow.(√)解析：本题考查现在进行时。now表示动作正在进行，arehaving符合现在进行时结构。3.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothepark.(√)解析：本题考查if条件句。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，符合语法规则。4.Thegirllikesplayingbasketball.(√)解析：本题考查动词搭配。likedoingsth.意为“喜欢做某事”，playingbasketball符合搭配。5.TheteachertoldusthattheEarthgoesaroundtheSun.(√)解析：本题考查动词短语。goaroundtheSun意为“绕着太阳转”，符合天文学常识。6.ThestudentswillhaveatestnextMonday.(√)解析：本题考查一般将来时。nextMonday表示将来时间，willhave符合一般将来时结构。7.Theboydidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewassick.(√)解析：本题考查一般过去时否定形式。yesterday表示过去时间，didn'tgo符合一般过去时否定形式。8.Thegirlistenyearsoldnextmonth.(√)解析：本题考查一般将来时。nextmonth表示将来时间，is符合一般将来时结构。9.Thestudentshaveatestnextweek.(×)解析：本题考查时态错误。nextweek表示将来时间，have应改为willhave。10.Theboylikestoplayfootball.(√)解析：本题考查动词不定式。liketodosth.意为“喜欢做某事”，toplayfootball符合搭配。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Whattimedoyouusuallygetupinthemorning?解析：本题考查日常作息。根据个人习惯回答，如“Iusuallygetupat6:30inthemorning.”2.Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?解析：本题考查交通方式。根据个人情况回答，如“Igotoschoolbybuseveryday.”3.Whatdoyoudoafterschool?解析：本题考查日常活动。根据个人习惯回答，如“Idomyhomeworkandplaywithmyfriendsafterschool.”4.Ifitrainstomorrow,whatwillyoudo?解析：本题考查if条件句。根据个人计划回答，如“Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathomeandreadbooks.”5.WhatdoyouthinkofEnglish?解析：本题考查个人观点。根据个人感受回答，如“IthinkEnglishisveryinterestinganduseful.”6.HowcanyouimproveyourEnglish?解析：本题考查学习方法。根据个人方法回答，如“IcanimprovemyEnglishbyreadingbooksandwatchingEnglishmovies.”7.Whatisyourfavoritesubject?解析：本题考查个人喜好。根据个人选择回答，如“Myfavoritesubjectismathbecauseitischallenging.”8.Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?解析：本题考查周末活动。根据个人习惯回答，如“Iusuallygoshoppingandwatchmoviesonweekends.”五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.完形填空：MynameisTom.I______(live)inBeijing.I______(go)toschooleveryday.I______(have)lunchat12:00.Intheevening,I______(watch)TV.I______(notlike)eatingvegetables,butI______(eat)thembecausetheyarehealthy.A.liveB.goC.haveD.watchE.likeF.eat解析：本题考查动词时态。根据语境，第一空用一般现在时live，第二空用一般现在时go，第三空用一般现在时have，第四空用一般现在时watch，第五空用一般现在时like，第六空用一般现在时eat。2.完形填空：Ifyou______(be)inLondonnextmonth,youshouldvisittheTowerofLondon.It______(be)afamoustouristattraction.YoucanseetheCrownJewelsthere.Thetour______(start)at9:00inthemorning.You______(notneed)tobookticketsinadvance.A.beB.beC.startD.need解析：本题考查动词时态。第一空用一般将来时willbe，第二空用一般将来时willbe，第三空用一般现在时starts，第四空用一般现在时don'tneed。3.完形填空：Thegirl______(notunderstand)themathproblem.She______(ask)herteacherforhelp.Theteacher______(explain)ittohercarefully.Afterthat,she______(understand)it.A.understandB.askC.explainD.understand解析：本题考查动词时态。第一空用一般现在时doesn'tunderstand，第二空用一般过去时asked，第三空用一般过去时explained，第四空用一般过去时understood。4.完形填空：Ifyou______(have)alotofhomework,you______(nothave)timetoplay.You______(watch)TVorplaygames.Butifyou______(finish)yourhomeworkquickly,you______(have)timetorelax.A.haveB.nothaveC.watchD.finishE.have解析：本题考查动词时态。第一空用一般现在时have，第二空用一般现在时don'thave，第三空用一般现在时watch，第四空用一般现在时finish，第五空用一般现在时have。5.完形填空：Theboy______(play)basketballeveryafternoon.He______(play)withhisfriends.They______(play)fortwohourseveryday.Lastweek,they______(play)inthepark.They______(have)alotoffun.A.playB.playC.playD.playE.have解析：本题考查动词时态。第一空用一般现在时plays，第二空用一般现在时plays，第三空用一般现在时play，第四空用一般过去时played，第五空用一般过去时had。6.完形填空：Ifyou______(be)lateforschool,you______(get)apunishment.Theteacher______(tell)youtostandinthecorner.You______(notbe)allowedtositwithyourclassmates.Butifyou______(be)ontime,you______(be)happy.A.beB.getC.tellD.beE.beF.be解析：本题考查动词时态。第一空用一般现在时are，第二空用一般现在时willget，第三空用一般现在时tells，第四空用一般现在时be，第五空用一般现在时are，第六空用一般现在时be。六、案例分析（每题2分，共18分）1.案例分析：Thegirllikesplayingbasketball.Sheplaysbasketballeveryafternoon.Sheisverygoodatit.Sheoftenwinsthegames.Herfriendslikeherbecausesheisfriendly.问题：Whatdoesthegirllikedoing?解析：根据第一句“Thegirllikesplayingbasketball.”，可知她喜欢打篮球。2.案例分析：Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothepark.Wewillstayathomeandwatchmoviesinstead.问题：Whatwilltheydoifitdoesn’traintomorrow?解析：根据if条件句的假设情况，若不下雨，他们会去公园。3.案例分析：Theboydidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewassick.Hismothertookhimtothehospital.Thedoctorgavehimsomemedicine.Hefeltbettertoday.问题：Whathappenedtotheboyyesterday?解析：根据第二句“Hewassick.”，可知他昨天生病了。4.案例分析：Thestudentsarehavingatestnow.Theyaresittingintheclassroom.Theteacherisgivingthemthetestpaper.Theymustfinishitinonehour.问题：Whatarethestudentsdoingnow?解析：根据第一句“Theyarehavingatestnow.”，可知他们正在考试。5.案例分析：IfyouwanttobeagoodEnglishspeaker,youshouldpracticespeakingeveryday.YoucantalktoyourfriendsorwatchEnglishmovies.ItwillhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.问题：HowcanyouimproveyourEnglish?解析：根据第二句“YoucantalktoyourfriendsorwatchEnglishmovies.”，可知可以通过和朋友交谈或看英语电影来提高英语。6.案例分析：Thegirllikesreadingbooks.Shereadsbookseveryevening.Shelovesstories.Sheoftenreadsfantasybooks.Theyareveryinteresting.问题：Whatkindofbooksdoesthegirllike?解析：根据第四句“Sheoftenreadsfantasybooks.”，可知她喜欢奇幻小说。7.案例分析：Theboygoestoschoolbybuseveryday.Hegetsupat6:00inthemorning.Heeatsbreakfastat6:30.Hearrivesatschoolat7:00.问题：Whattimedoeshearriveatschool?解析：根据第四句“Hearrivesatschoolat7:00.”，可知他7:00到校。8.案例分析：ThestudentswillhaveapartynextSaturday.Theywillsingsongsanddance.Theywillalsoeatfoodanddrinkjuice.Everyonewillhavefun.问题：WhatwillthestudentsdonextSaturday?解析：根据第二句“Theywillsingsongsanddance.”，可知他们会唱歌跳舞。9.案例分析：Ifyouwanttobeagoodstudent,youshouldstudyhard.Youshouldalsobefriendlytoyourclassmates.Youcanhelpthemwiththeirhomework.Theywilllikeyou.问题：Whatshouldyoudotobeagoodstudent?解析：根据第一句“Youshouldstudyhard.”，可知应该努力学习。标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.A2.A3.B4.C5.A6.A7.B8.C9.A10.D二、填空题1.haslived2