2026年浙江省人教版八年级英语第3单元语法练习题

2026年浙江省人教版八年级英语第3单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewEnglishteacheroftenasksus______Englishstoriesinclasstoimproveourspeakingskills.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.toberead【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。动词ask后常跟不定式作宾语补足语，表示请求或建议，此处意为“经常要求我们读英语故事”，故选A。B项为动词原形，不符合语法；C项为动名词，不符合ask的用法；D项为被动不定式，不符合语境。干扰项B的迷惑性在于动宾结构，但ask需跟不定式。2.Mysister______tothesupermarketthismorning,butshedidn’tbuyanythingbecausesheforgotherwallet.A.goesB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone【答案】B【解析】考查一般过去时。根据时间状语thismorning和后半句的but从句（didn’tbuy）可知，动作发生在过去且已完成，故用一般过去时。A项为一般现在时，不符合时间；C项为现在完成时，表示动作对现在有影响，不符合；D项为过去完成时，表示过去之前已发生，不符合。干扰项A的迷惑性在于一般现在时的误用。3.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistakeinthemathtest.A.workB.workedC.willworkD.hadworked【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。If引导的非真实条件句中，主句用would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时，表示与过去事实相反的假设。句意为“如果你当时更仔细，就不会在数学考试中犯这样的错误”，故选B。A项为一般现在时，不符合虚拟语气；C项为一般将来时，不符合；D项为过去完成时，不符合。干扰项C的迷惑性在于将来时态的误用。4.______isthecapitalofFrance?Manypeoplethinkit’sabeautifulcity.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.Where【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。空格处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故用where（意为“哪里”）。A项为指示代词，不能引导从句；B项为关系代词，需在从句中作成分；C项为疑问代词，不能引导名词性从句。干扰项B的迷惑性在于关系代词的误用。5.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that。B项whom作宾语，不符合；C项that指物或人，但此处需作主语；D项whose作定语，不符合。干扰项B的迷惑性在于宾格形式的误用。6.Myparentsareproud______meforgettingthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.A.ofB.forC.withD.at【答案】A【解析】考查介词搭配。beproudofsb.为固定搭配，意为“为……感到骄傲”。B项for后常跟动名词，但搭配为beproudfordoingsth.；C项with和at不与beproud搭配。干扰项B的迷惑性在于for的常见用法。7.It’simportanttokeepagoodhabit,______?A.isn’titB.isn’tthereC.aretheyD.doyou【答案】A【解析】考查反义疑问句。陈述句部分主语为it，谓语为is，故反义疑问句用isn’tit。B项there指代地点，不符合；C项they指代复数，不符合；D项doyou用于一般现在时，不符合。干扰项B的迷惑性在于there的误用。8.Thestudentsarebusy______theirhomeworkbecausetheexamiscomingnextweek.A.todoB.doingC.withdoingD.ondoing【答案】B【解析】考查动词搭配。bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”。A项todo不与bebusy搭配；C项withdoing不符合语法；D项ondoing无此搭配。干扰项A的迷惑性在于todo的常见用法。9.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderandpreparewellforthefinalexam.A.amB.wereC.isD.are【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。If引导的非真实条件句中，主句用would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时。句意为“如果我是你，我会更努力学习并为期末考试做准备”，故用were表示与现在事实相反的假设。A项am和D项are为一般现在时，不符合；C项is为第三人称单数，不符合。干扰项A的迷惑性在于一般现在时的误用。10.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday.A.thatB.whatC.whenD.where【答案】A【解析】考查宾语从句。told后跟宾语从句，从句中缺少连接词且不改变语序，应用that。B项what在从句中作成分；C项when和D项where在从句中作时间或地点状语，不符合。干扰项B的迷惑性在于what的常见用法。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mybrotheroftenhelpsme______myEnglishhomeworkafterschool.【答案】with【解析】考查介词搭配。helpsb.withsth.为固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”。空格处需填入介词with。2.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistakeinthemathtest.【答案】worked【解析】考查虚拟语气。If引导的非真实条件句中，主句用would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时。句意为“如果你当时更仔细，就不会在数学考试中犯这样的错误”，故填worked。3.Thegirl______issittingnexttomeismybestfriend.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that。空格处需填入who。4.Myparentsareproud______meforgettingthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.【答案】of【解析】考查介词搭配。beproudofsb.为固定搭配，意为“为某人感到骄傲”。空格处需填入of。5.It’simportanttokeepagoodhabit,______?【答案】isn’tit【解析】考查反义疑问句。陈述句部分主语为it，谓语为is，故反义疑问句用isn’tit。6.Thestudentsarebusy______theirhomeworkbecausetheexamiscomingnextweek.【答案】doing【解析】考查动词搭配。bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”。空格处需填入doing。7.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderandpreparewellforthefinalexam.【答案】were【解析】考查虚拟语气。If引导的非真实条件句中，主句用would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时。句意为“如果我是你，我会更努力学习并为期末考试做准备”，故填were。8.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday.【答案】that【解析】考查宾语从句。told后跟宾语从句，从句中缺少连接词且不改变语序，应用that。9.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that。空格处需填入who。10.Mysister______tothesupermarketthismorning,butshedidn’tbuyanythingbecausesheforgotherwallet.【答案】went【解析】考查一般过去时。根据时间状语thismorning和后半句的but从句（didn’tbuy）可知，动作发生在过去且已完成，故填went。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查定语从句。先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that。此处用who符合语法。2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查条件状语从句。If引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。句意通顺且语法正确。3.Theboywholivesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that。此处用who符合语法。4.Myparentsareproudofmeforgettingthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查介词搭配。beproudofsb.为固定搭配，意为“为某人感到骄傲”。句意通顺且语法正确。5.Thestudentsarebusytodotheirhomeworkbecausetheexamiscomingnextweek.(×)【答案】错误【解析】bebusydoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“忙于做某事”，不能跟动词不定式。应改为arebusydoingtheirhomework。6.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharderandpreparewellforthefinalexam.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查虚拟语气。If引导的非真实条件句中，主句用would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时。句意通顺且语法正确。7.TheteachertoldthestudentsthattheyshouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查宾语从句。told后跟宾语从句，从句中缺少连接词且不改变语序，应用that。句意通顺且语法正确。8.Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeismybestfriend.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查定语从句。先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that。此处用who符合语法。9.Mysisterwenttothesupermarketthismorning,butshedidn’tbuyanythingbecausesheforgotherwallet.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查一般过去时。根据时间状语thismorning和后半句的but从句（didn’tbuy）可知，动作发生在过去且已完成，故用一般过去时。句意通顺且语法正确。10.Theboywholivesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.(√)【答案】正确【解析】考查定语从句。先行词boy指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that。此处用who符合语法。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthestructureandusageofthefixedphrase"beproudofsb."inEnglish.【参考答案】"Beproudofsb."isafixedphrasethatexpressesthefeelingofbeingsatisfiedwithoradmiringsomeone’squalities,achievements,orbehavior.Thestructureconsistsoftheverb"beproud"followedbythepreposition"of"andtheobject(sb.referstoaperson).Forexample:"Myparentsareproudofmeforgettingthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest."Here,"me"istheobject,and"forgettingthefirstprize"explainsthereason.Thephrasecanbeusedinbothformalandinformalcontexts.【解析】本题考查固定搭配的用法。答案需解释短语的结构（beproud+of+sb.）和含义（为某人感到骄傲），并举例说明。解析需涵盖固定搭配的构成、语义和语境适用性。2.Describethedifferencebetween"that"and"what"in宾语从句.【参考答案】"That"isusedtointroduceanounclausethatdoesnotchangethewordorderanddoesnotactasasubjectorobjectintheclause.Forexample:"TheteachertoldthestudentsthattheyshouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday."Here,"that"doesnotchangethewordorder."What"isusedtointroduceanounclausethatactsasasubject,object,orcomplementintheclause.Forexample:"Iknowwhatyoumean."Here,"what"actsastheobjectoftheverb"know."Thekeydifferenceisthat"that"isamereconnector,while"what"hasgrammaticalfunction.【解析】本题考查宾语从句的连接词用法。答案需对比that和what在宾语从句中的功能差异，并举例说明。解析需涵盖连接词的语法作用和句法功能。3.Howcanyouformapropernon-realconditionalsentencewith"If"?【参考答案】Anon-realconditionalsentencewith"If"expressesahypotheticalsituation.Thestructureis:If+presentsimple,...would+baseverb.Forexample:"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder."Here,"IfIwereyou"isthecondition,and"Iwouldstudyharder"istheresult.Theverb"were"isusedinsteadof"was"becausethesubjectis"I"(firstpersonsingular).Thistypeofsentenceisusedtogiveadviceorexpresswishes.【解析】本题考查虚拟语气的用法。答案需说明非真实条件句的结构和用法，并举例说明。解析需涵盖主句和从句的时态变化和语境适用性。4.Explaintheroleof"who"and"that"inrelativeclauses.【参考答案】"Who"and"that"arerelativepronounsusedtointroducerelativeclauses."Who"isusedwhentheantecedentreferstoapersonandactsasthesubjectoftheclause.Forexample:"Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeismybestfriend.""That"canbeusedforbothpeopleandthingsandcanactasthesubjectorobjectoftheclause.Forexample:"ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting."Thekeydifferenceisthat"who"isrestrictedtopeople,while"that"ismoreversatile.【解析】本题考查定语从句的连接词用法。答案需对比who和that在定语从句中的功能和适用范围，并举例说明。解析需涵盖连接词的语法作用和句法功能。5.Whatisthemeaningofthephrase"bebusydoingsth."?【参考答案】"Bebusydoingsth."meanstobeoccupiedwithaparticularactivity.Thestructureconsistsoftheverb"bebusy"followedbythepreposition"doing"andtheobject(sth.referstoanactivity).Forexample:"Thestudentsarebusydoingtheirhomework."Here,"doingtheirhomework"istheactivity.Thephraseemphasizesthatthepersonisactivelyengagedinatask.【解析】本题考查固定搭配的用法。答案需解释短语的含义（忙于做某事）和结构（bebusy+doing+sth.），并举例说明。解析需涵盖固定搭配的构成、语义和语境适用性。6.Howcanyouexpressadviceinasentence?【参考答案】Advicecanbeexpressedinseveralways:(1)Using"IfIwereyou,Iwould..."+baseverb.Forexample:"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder."(2)Using"should"+baseverb.Forexample:"YoushouldfinishyourhomeworkbeforewatchingTV."(3)Using"hadbetter"+baseverb.Forexample:"Youhadbettergoearliertoavoidtraffic."Thesestructuresarecommonlyusedtogivesuggestionsorrecommendations.【解析】本题考查建议的表达方式。答案需列举几种常见的建议句型，并举例说明。解析需涵盖建议的句法结构和语境适用性。7.Whatisthedifferencebetween"that"and"which"inanounclause?【参考答案】"That"isusedtointroduceanounclausethatdoesnotchangethewordorderanddoesnotactasasubjectorobjectintheclause.Forexample:"Iknowthatsheisright."Here,"that"doesnotchangethewordorder."Which"isusedtointroduceanounclausethatactsasasubjectorobjectintheclause.Forexample:"Whichbookdoyouwant?"Here,"which"actsastheobjectoftheverb"want."Thekeydifferenceisthat"that"isamereconnector,while"which"hasgrammaticalfunction.【解析】本题考查名词性从句的连接词用法。答案需对比that和which在名词性从句中的功能差异，并举例说明。解析需涵盖连接词的语法作用和句法功能。8.HowcanyouformaproperquestioninEnglishusing"Wh-"words?【参考答案】"Wh-"words(what,where,when,who,why,how)canbeusedtoformquestions.Thestructuredependsonthewordused:(1)What+verb...?Forexample:"Whatisyourname?"(2)Where+verb...?Forexample:"Wheredoyoulive?"(3)When+verb...?Forexample:"Whendidyougotoschool?"(4)Who+verb...?Forexample:"Whoisyourteacher?"(5)Why+verb...?Forexample:"Whyareyoulate?"(6)How+verb...?Forexample:"Howdoyougotoschool?"Thesestructuresareusedtoaskforinformation.【解析】本题考查特殊疑问句的构成。答案需列举几种常见的特殊疑问句型，并举例说明。解析需涵盖疑问词的用法和句法功能。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusinganon-realconditionalsentence:"Youshouldstudyharderifyouwanttopasstheexam."【参考答案】"Ifyoustudiedharder,youwouldpasstheexam."【解析】本题考查非真实条件句的改写。原句为一般现在时表示建议，改写为非真实条件句时，条件从句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形。解析需说明时态变化和句型转换。2.Completethefollowingsentencewithaproperrelativepronoun:"Thegirl______issittingnexttomeismybestfriend."【参考答案】who【解析】本题考查定语从句的连接词填空。先行词girl指人，且在从句中作主语，应用who或that。空格处填入who符合语法。解析需说明先行词和从句成分的匹配关系。3.Completethefollowingsentencewithaproperpreposition:"Myparentsareproud______meforgettingthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest."【参考答案】of【解析】本题考查介词填空。beproudofsb.为固定搭配，意为“为某人感到骄傲”。空格处填入of符合语法。解析需说明固定搭配的用法。4.Completethefollowingsentencewithaproperverbform:"IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderandpreparewellforthefinalexam."【参考答案】were【解析】本题考查虚拟语气的填空。If引导的非真实条件句中，主句用would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时。空格处填入were符合语法。解析需说明时态变化和句型转换。5.Completethefollowingsentencewithaproperconjunction:"Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday."【参考答案】that【解析】本题考查宾语从句的连接词填空。told后跟宾语从句，从句中缺少连接词且不改变语序，应用that。空格处填入that符合语法。解析需说明连接词的语法作用。6.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingafixedphrase:"Thestudentsarebusydoingtheirhomeworkbecausetheexamiscomingnextweek."【参考答案】"Thestudentsarebusywiththeirhomeworkbecausetheexamiscomingnextweek."【解析】本题考查固定搭配的改写。原句中bebusydoingsth.不符合语法，改写为bebusywithsth.。解析需说明固定搭配的用法和误用。7.Completethefollowingsentencewithaproperquestionword:"______isyourfavoritesubject?"【参考答案】What【解析】本题考查特殊疑问句的填空。空格处需填入疑问词what，询问最喜欢的科目。解析需说明疑问词的用法和句法功能。8.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusinganon-realconditionalsentence:"YoumustfinishyourhomeworkbeforewatchingTV."【参考答案】"Ifyoudidn’tfinishyourhomework,youwouldn’tbeabletowatchTV."【解析】本题考查非真实条件句的改写。原句为一般现在时表示必须，改写为非真实条件句时，条件从句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形。解析需说明时态变化和句型转换。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.B3.B4.D5.A6.A7.A8.B9.B10.A二、填空题1.with2.worked3.who4.of5.isn’tit6.doing7.were8.that9.who10.went三、判断题1.√2.√3.√4.√5.×6.√7.√8.√四、简答题1."Beproudofsb."isafixedphrasethatexpressesthefeelingofbeingsatisfiedwithoradmiringsomeone’squalities,achievements,orbehavior.Thestructureconsistsoftheverb"beproud"followedbythepreposition"of"andtheobject(sb.referstoaperson).Forexample:"Myparentsareproudofmeforgettingthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest."Here,"me"istheobject,and"forgettingthefirstprize"explainsthereason.Thephrasecanbeusedinbothformalandinformalcontexts.2."That"isusedtointroduceanounclausethatdoesnotchangethewordorderanddoesnotactasasubjectorobjectintheclause.Forexample:"TheteachertoldthestudentsthattheyshouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday."Here,"that"doesnotchangethewordorder."What"isusedtointroduceanounclausethatactsasasubject,object,orcomplementintheclause.Forexample:"Iknowwhatyoumean."Here,"what"actsastheobjectoftheverb"know."Thekeydifferenceisthat"that"isamereconnector,while"what"hasgrammaticalfunction.3.Anon-realconditionalsentencewith"If"expressesahypotheticalsituation.Thestructureis:If+presentsimple,...would+baseverb.Forexample:"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder."Here,"IfIwereyou"isthecondition,and"Iwouldstudyharder"istheresult.Theverb"were"isusedinsteadof"was"becausethesubjectis"I"(firstpersonsingular).Thistypeofsentenceisusedtogiveadviceorexpresswishes.4."Who"and"that"arerelativepronounsusedtointroducerelativeclauses."Who"isusedwhentheantecedentreferstoapersonandactsasthesubjectoftheclause.Forexample:"Thegirlwhoissittingnexttomeismybestfriend.""That"canbeusedforbothpeopleandthingsandcanactasthesubjectorobjectoftheclause.Forexample:"ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting."Thekeydifferenceisthat"who"isrestrictedtopeople,while"that"ismoreversatile.5."Bebusydoingsth."meanstobeoccupiedwithaparticularactivity.Thestructureconsistsoftheverb"bebusy"followedbythepreposition"doing"andtheobject(sth.referstoanactivity).Forexample:"Thestudentsarebusydoingtheirhomework."Here,"doingtheirhomework"istheactivity.Thephraseemphasizesthatthepersonisac