2026年天津市人教版初中英语上册第4单元词汇巩固习题

2026年天津市人教版初中英语上册第4单元词汇巩固习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewsciencemuseuminTianjinis______interestingplacetovisitforstudentswhowanttolearnaboutdinosaurs.A.averyB.veryaC.anveryD.veryan解析：本题考查冠词和形容词的搭配。句中"interesting"为可数名词单数形式，需用不定冠词"a"或"an"。根据发音规则，"interesting"以元音音素/i/开头，应使用"an"。选项A和B的顺序错误，选项C中冠词位置不当，选项D正确。正确答案为D。2.Mysisteroftenhelpsmewithmyhomework,______sheisverygoodatmath.A.becauseB.soC.butD.and解析：本题考查连词辨析。前句表示姐姐经常帮我做作业，后句说明她数学很好，前后句存在因果关系，应使用"so"。若用"because"则需倒装，"but"表示转折，"and"表示并列，均不符合语境。正确答案为B。3.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldfinishtheprojectbyFriday.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether解析：本题考查宾语从句。动词"told"后需接宾语从句，且从句中"theyshouldfinish"为完整句子，需用连接词"that"引导。若用"what/whether/if"则从句结构不完整。正确答案为A。4.______isafamousparkinourcity,wheremanypeoplegojoggingeverymorning.A.ThisB.ThatC.ThereD.It解析：本题考查代词指代。空格后是名词性短语"park"，且后句补充说明公园的地点特征，应使用指示代词"it"指代前文"park"。选项A和B为指示形容词，不能单独作主语；选项C为存在句结构，不符合语法；选项D正确。正确答案为D。5.Theboy______issittingnearthewindowismybestfriend.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词"boy"指人，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词"who"或"that"。若用"whom"则需在从句中作宾语，"whose"作定语，"which"指物，均不符合。正确答案为A。6.Myparentsare______totakemetothezoothisweekend,buttheyhaven'tdecidedyet.A.happyB.happyaboutC.happywithD.happily解析：本题考查形容词与介词搭配。"happy"后需接介词"about"表示对某事的满意，"with"通常搭配"agreeablewith"，"happily"为副词，不能直接修饰动词。正确答案为B。7.Thestudentswere______surprisedwhentheysawtheteachergivethemextratimetofinishthetest.A.veryB.soC.tooD.such解析：本题考查形容词最高级用法。"surprised"为形容词，需与程度副词搭配。若用"very"需加形容词比较级，"too"表示过量，"such"后需跟名词。只有"so"可修饰形容词原级。正确答案为B。8.Thelibraryis______IborrowedmanybookswhenIwasinelementaryschool.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词"library"指地点，且在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词"where"。若用"when"则指时间，"that/which"指物，不符合。正确答案为A。9.Couldyoupleasetellme______timethetrainwillarriveatthestation?A.aB.anC.theD./解析：本题考查冠词用法。"time"为不可数名词，特指具体时间时需加定冠词"the"。选项A/B为不定冠词，用于泛指；选项D无冠词，不符合特指语境。正确答案为C。10.Thegirl______hairislongandblackismyclassmate.A.whoseB.whichC.whoD.that解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词"girl"指人，且在从句中作主语，需用"who"或"that"。若用"whose"则作定语，"which"指物，不符合。正确答案为A。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Themoviewasso______(interest)thatwewatchedittwice.参考答案：interesting解析：空格后为名词"movie"，需用形容词作定语。动词"interest"的形容词形式为"interesting"（令人感兴趣的）或"interested"（感兴趣的），根据句意"movie"是使人感兴趣的对象，故用"interesting"。2.Mybrotherisgoodatplayingthepiano,______hepracticeseverydayafterschool.参考答案：so解析：空格处需填入连词连接前后句，前句说明哥哥擅长弹钢琴，后句说明他每天练习，前后存在因果关系，故填"so"。3.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.参考答案：if解析：空格处需填入连接词引导宾语从句，从句中"hadfinished"为完整句子，表示疑问，故用"if"或"whether"。此处用"if"更自然。4.Thisisthe______(important)bookIhaveeverread,anditchangedmylife.参考答案：mostimportant解析：空格处需填入形容词最高级，"important"的比较级为"moreimportant"，最高级为"mostimportant"。根据句意"everread"表示最高程度，故用最高级。5.Theboy______iswearingablueshirtismybrother.参考答案：who/that解析：空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词"boy"指人，且在从句中作主语，故用"who"或"that"。6.Myparentsare______(happy)toseemebackhomeaftermytrip.参考答案：veryhappy解析：空格处需填入程度副词修饰形容词"happy"，根据句意"very"表示程度"非常"，故填"veryhappy"。7.Thegirl______Ispoketoyesterdayisafamoussinger.参考答案：towhom/towho解析：空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词"girl"指人，且在从句中作宾语，故用"whom"或"towhom/towho"。8.Themuseumis______wecanseemanyancientartifacts.参考答案：where解析：空格处需填入关系副词引导定语从句，先行词"museum"指地点，且在从句中作地点状语，故用"where"。9.Couldyoupleasetellme______(time)themeetingwillstart?参考答案：thetime解析：空格处需填入特指时间的名词短语，"time"为不可数名词，特指时需加定冠词"the"，故填"thetime"。10.Theman______ItalkedtolastnightismyEnglishteacher.参考答案：withwhom/withwho解析：空格处需填入介词+关系代词引导定语从句，先行词"man"指人，且与介词"with"搭配，故用"withwhom/withwho"。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewlibraryinTianjinisverybigandhasmanybooks.(正确)解析：句意为"天津的新图书馆很大，有很多书"，表述符合事实，故正确。2.Mysisteristallerthanme,butsheisnotasstrongasme.(正确)解析：句中"tallerthan"和"notasstrongas"均为比较级结构，语法正确，故正确。3.Thestudentswereveryhappybecausetheyhadfinishedtheirhomeworkearly.(正确)解析：句中"because"引导原因状语从句，前后逻辑关系成立，故正确。4.Theboywhoiswearingaredshirtismybrother.(正确)解析：句中"whoiswearingaredshirt"为定语从句，修饰"boy"，语法正确，故正确。5.Theteachertoldusthatweshouldstudyhardandbegoodstudents.(正确)解析：句中"that"引导宾语从句，内容完整，故正确。6.Thegirlwhosehairislongismybestfriend.(错误)解析：句中"whosehairislong"应为"whosehairislong"，但更自然的表达是"whoselonghairis"，故原句语法不完整，错误。7.Themuseumiswherewecanseemanydinosaurs.(正确)解析：句中"where"引导定语从句，修饰"museum"，且在从句中作地点状语，故正确。8.Myparentsarehappyaboutmegettinggoodgrades.(正确)解析：句中"happyabout"为固定搭配，表示对某事的满意，故正确。9.Theboywhoissittingnearthewindowismybrother.(正确)解析：句中"whoissittingnearthewindow"为定语从句，修饰"boy"，语法正确，故正确。10.ThegirlItalkedtoyesterdayisafamoussinger.(正确)解析：句中"Italkedto"为过去时态，"thegirl"为宾语，"isafamoussinger"为现在时态，时态混用但逻辑成立，故正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.DescribeaplaceyouliketovisitinTianjin.要求：至少包含3个形容词，1个定语从句。参考答案：IliketheAncientCultureStreetinTianjin.Itisaveryinterestingandhistoricalplace.Thestreetisfulloftraditionalshops,andtherearemanypeoplewhoareenjoyingthelocalculture.解析：答案包含形容词"interesting,historical"，定语从句"whoareenjoyingthelocalculture"，符合要求。2.Howdoyouusuallyspendyourweekend?要求：至少包含1个宾语从句，1个比较级结构。参考答案：Onweekends,Iusuallygotothelibrarytoreadbooks.IspendmoretimereadingthanwatchingTVbecauseIthinkreadingismorehelpfulformystudies.解析：答案包含宾语从句"becauseIthinkreadingismorehelpfulformystudies"，比较级结构"moretimereadingthanwatchingTV"，符合要求。3.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthingforstudents?要求：至少包含1个so...that...结构，1个形容词最高级。参考答案：Ithinkthemostimportantthingforstudentsistostudyhard.Sotheycanachievetheirdreamsthattheyhavesetforthemselves.解析：答案包含"so...that...结构"和最高级"mostimportant"，符合要求。4.Describeapersonyouadmire.要求：至少包含1个定语从句，1个形容词比较级。参考答案：MygrandfatherisapersonIadmire.Heisverykindandpatient.HehastaughtmealotofthingsthatIstillremembertoday.解析：答案包含定语从句"thatIstillremembertoday"，比较级"verykindandpatient"，符合要求。5.Whatdoyouusuallydoafterschool?要求：至少包含1个宾语从句，1个介词短语。参考答案：Afterschool,Iusuallygotothegymtoexercise.IgotherebecauseIthinkitisgoodformyhealth.解析：答案包含宾语从句"becauseIthinkitisgoodformyhealth"，介词短语"tothegym"，符合要求。6.Describeyourfavoritebook.要求：至少包含1个形容词最高级，1个定语从句。参考答案：Myfavoritebookis"TheLittlePrince."ItisthemostbeautifulbookIhaveeverread.Thestoryisaboutaboywhotravelstootherplanets.解析：答案包含最高级"mostbeautiful"，定语从句"whotravelstootherplanets"，符合要求。7.WhatdoyouthinkarethebenefitsoflearningEnglish?要求：至少包含1个so...that...结构，1个形容词比较级。参考答案：LearningEnglishhasmanybenefits.ItiseasiertotraveltoEnglish-speakingcountriesbecauseyoucancommunicatewithpeople.Englishisalsomoreusefulthanotherlanguagesinthemodernworld.解析：答案包含"so...that...结构"和比较级"moreusefulthan"，符合要求。8.Describeamemorableexperienceinyourlife.要求：至少包含1个宾语从句，1个形容词最高级。参考答案：MymostmemorableexperiencewaswhenIwonthefirstprizeinaspeechcontest.IwasveryhappybecauseIhadpracticedhardforit.解析：答案包含宾语从句"becauseIhadpracticedhardforit"，最高级"mostmemorable"，符合要求。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions:"TheScienceMuseumofTianjinisagreatplaceforstudentstolearnaboutscience.Ithasmanyinteractiveexhibitsthatmakelearningfun.Lastweekend,Ivisitedthemuseumwithmyclassmates.Wesawadinosaurexhibitthatwasveryinteresting.Themuseumalsohasaplanetariumwherewewatchedashowaboutspace.Ilearnedalotandhadagreattime."a)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?参考答案：ThemainideaisthattheScienceMuseumofTianjinisafunandeducationalplaceforstudents.解析：文章主要描述了天津科技馆对学生教育的意义，故答案正确。b)Whatdidtheauthorandhisclassmatesseeatthemuseum?参考答案：Theysawadinosaurexhibitandwatchedaspaceshowintheplanetarium.解析：文中明确提到"sawadinosaurexhibit"和"watchedashowaboutspace"，故答案正确。c)Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutthevisit?参考答案：Theauthorfelthappyandlearnedalot.解析：文中"hadagreattime"和"learnedalot"表明作者的感受，故答案正确。2.Writeashortparagraph(5sentences)aboutyourfavoritehobby.要求：至少包含1个定语从句，1个形容词比较级。参考答案：Myfavoritehobbyisplayingthepiano.IpracticeeverydaybecauseIthinkitisveryrelaxing.Thepianoismoreenjoyablethanothermusicalinstrumentsforme.Ihaveplayeditforthreeyearsnow.Ithashelpedmeimprovemyconcentration.解析：答案包含定语从句"whichhashelpedmeimprovemyconcentration"，比较级"moreenjoyablethan"，符合要求。3.Imagineyouareatourguide.DescribeTianjin'sAncientCultureStreet.要求：至少包含1个宾语从句，1个形容词最高级。参考答案：WelcometoAncientCultureStreetinTianjin!Itisthemosttraditionalstreetinourcity.Youcanseemanyancientbuildingshere.Thestreetisfulloftraditionalshopswhereyoucanbuylocalsnacks.IthinkitisagreatplacetoexperienceChineseculture.解析：答案包含宾语从句"whereyoucanbuylocalsnacks"，最高级"mosttraditional"，符合要求。4.Writeashortdialogue(4sentences)betweentwofriendsabouttheirweekendplans.要求：至少包含1个比较级结构，1个定语从句。参考答案：A:Whatareyoudoingthisweekend?B:Iamgoingtothebeach.Itismorerelaxingthanstayingathome.ThebeachiswhereIcanforgetallmystress.A:Thatsoundsgreat!解析：答案包含比较级"morerelaxingthan"和定语从句"whereIcanforgetallmystress"，符合要求。5.Describeapersonyouadmireusingatleast3adjectives.要求：至少包含1个定语从句。参考答案：Mygrandfatherisverykind,patient,andwise.Hehastaughtmealotoflifelessons.Thepersonwhohasinfluencedmethemostismygrandfather.解析：答案包含形容词"kind,patient,wise"，定语从句"whohasinfluencedmethemost"，符合要求。6.Writeashortparagraph(4sentences)abouttheimportanceofexercise.要求：至少包含1个宾语从句，1个形容词比较级。参考答案：Exerciseisveryimportantforourhealth.Ithelpsusstaystrongandenergetic.Regularexerciseismorebeneficialthanoccasionalexercise.Ithinkeveryoneshouldexerciseeveryday.解析：答案包含宾语从句"becauseithelpsusstaystrongandenergetic"，比较级"morebeneficialthan"，符合要求。7.Imagineyouareinterviewingsomeoneabouttheirfavoritebook.Write3questions.要求：至少包含1个定语从句。参考答案：1)Whatbookisyourfavorite,andwhy?8.Canyoutellmesomethingabouttheauthorofthebook?9.Thecharacterwhoimpressedyouthemostis______.解析：答案包含定语从句"whoimpressedyouthemost"，符合要求。10.Writeashortparagraph(4sentences)aboutyourdreamjob.要求：至少包含1个比较级结构，1个宾语从句。参考答案：Mydreamjobistobeateacher.Itismoremeaningfulthanworkinginacompany.Iwanttohelpstudentslearnandgrow.IfIbecomeateacher,Iwillbeveryhappy.解析：答案包含比较级"moremeaningfulthan"和宾语从句"IfIbecomeateacher,Iwillbeveryhappy"，符合要求。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D2.B3.A4.D5.A6.B7.B8.A9.C10.A二、填空题1.interesting2.so3.if4.mostimportant5.who/that6.veryhappy7.towhom/towho8.where9.thetime10.withwhom/withwho三、判断题1.√2.√3.√4.√5.√6.×7.√8.√9.√10.√四、简答题1.参考答案：IliketheAncientCultureStreetinTianjin.Itisaveryinterestingandhistoricalplace.Thestreetisfulloftraditionalshops,andtherearemanypeoplewhoareenjoyingthelocalculture.解析：答案包含形容词"interesting,historical"，定语从句"whoareenjoyingthelocalculture"，符合要求。2.参考答案：Onweekends,Iusuallygotothelibrarytoreadbooks.IspendmoretimereadingthanwatchingTVbecauseIthinkreadingismorehelpfulformystudies.解析：答案包含宾语从句"becauseIthinkreadingismorehelpfulformystudies"，比较级结构"moretimereadingthanwatchingTV"，符合要求。3.参考答案：Ithinkthemostimportantthingforstudentsistostudyhard.Sotheycanachievetheirdreamsthattheyhavesetforthemselves.解析：答案包含"so...that...结构"和最高级"mostimportant"，符合要求。4.参考答案：MygrandfatherisapersonIadmire.Heisverykindandpatient.HehastaughtmealotofthingsthatIstillremembertoday.解析：答案包含定语从句"thatIstillremembertoday"，比较级"verykindandpatient"，符合要求。5.参考答案：Afterschool,Iusuallygotothegymtoexercise.IgotherebecauseIthinkitisgoodformyhealth.解析：答案包含宾语从句"becauseIthinkitisgoodformyhealth"，介词短语"tothegym"，符合要求。6.参考答案：Myfavoritebookis"TheLittlePrince."ItisthemostbeautifulbookIhaveeverread.Thestoryisaboutaboywhotravelstootherplanets.解析：答案包含最高级"mostbeautiful"，定语从句"whotravelstootherplanets"，符合要求。7.参考答案：LearningEnglishhasmanybenefits.ItiseasiertotraveltoEnglish-speakingcountriesbecauseyoucancommunicatewithpeople.Englishisalsomoreusefulthanotherlanguagesinthemodernworld.解析：答案包含"so...that...结构"和比较级"moreusefulthan"，符合要求。8.参考答案：MymostmemorableexperiencewaswhenIwonthefirstprizeinaspeechcontest.IwasveryhappybecauseIhadpracticedhardforit.解析：答案包含宾语从句"becauseIhadpracticedhardforit"，最高级"mostmemorable"，符合要求。五、应用题1.参考答案：a)ThemainideaisthattheScienceMuseumofTianjinisafunandeducationalplaceforstudents.解析：文章主要描述了天津科技馆对学生教育的意义，故答案正确。b)Theysawadinosaurexhibitandwatchedaspaceshowintheplanetarium.解析：文中明确提到"sawadinosaurexhibit"和"watchedaspaceshowaboutspace"，故答案正确。c)Theauthorfelthappyandlearnedalot.解析：文中"hadagreattime"和"learnedalot"表明作者的感受，故答案正确。2.参考答案：Myfavoritehobbyisplayingthepiano.IpracticeeverydaybecauseIthinkitisveryrelaxing.Thepianoismoreenjoyablethanothermusicalinstrumentsforme.Ihaveplayeditforthreeyearsnow.Ithashelpedmeimprovemyconcentration.解析：答案包含定语从句"whichhashelpedmeimprovemyconcentration"，比较级"moreenjoyablethan"，符合要求。3.参考答案：WelcometoAncientCultu