八年级下册英语人教第4讲：unit 2 语法篇（教师版）

Unit2语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。（二）动词不定式:肯定式:todo否定式:nottodo省略to的:do句法作用例

句作宾语Shewantedtoborrowmyradio.作状语ShewenttoseehergrandmalastSunday.作宾语补足语Lucyaskedhimtoturnofftheradio.SheaskedmetospeakmoreloudlyThefathermadehissonstudyhard.作定语Ihadsomethingtoeatthismorning.作主语Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.1、不定式作宾语口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事decidetodosth. 决定做某事want∕wouldliketodosth. 想做某事plantodosth. 计划做某needtodosth. 需要做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事can’twaittodo 迫不及待地要做某事decideto 下决心做usedtodo 过去常常做某事2、不定式作宾语补足语的动词：asksb.todosth. 请求某人做某事tellsb.todosth. 告诉某人做某事ordersb.todo 命令某人做某事。wantsb.todosth. 想要某人做某事invitesb.todosth. 邀请某人做某事expectsb.todosth. 期待某人做某事encouragesb.todosth. 鼓励某人做某事advisesb.todosth. 建议某人做某事省略to的情况:使役动词：let,make,have感官动词：feel,hear,listento,lookat,see,watch,notice3、动词不定式做主语动词不定式作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。例如：Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.Ittookusthreedaystodothework.4、动词不定式和疑问词连用动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,how,where,when等连用，构成不定式短语。如：Idon’tknowwheretogo.Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.Whattodoisabigproblem.一、请找出下列动词中以动词不定式为宾语的动词并圈出来。enjoy decide plan spend finish want practice agree keep need解析：不定式作宾语口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事答案：decideplanwantagreeneed二、请写出下列动词的合适的非谓语形式填空。1.Letme________(help)youwatertheflowers.2.Isawhim_______(go)intothesmallstore.3.

Mymotheroftenasksme_____(do)somecleaningonSundays4.Itiskindofyou___(help)metocarrythesebooks.5.Iwant_________________(travel)aroundtheworldaftergraduation.解析：1.help 使役动词的省to不定式letsb.do2.go 感官动词的省to不定式seesb.do3.todo 动词不定式做宾补asksb.todo4.tohelp 动词不定式做主语it’sadjtodo5.totravel动词不定式做宾语wanttodo基础演练一、单项选择1.---Somechildrencan'tafford

dictionaries.---Let'sdonateourpocketmoneytothem.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuyD.bebought2.Studentsshoulddoeverythingtheycan

theirstudy.A.improveB.toimproveC.improvingD.improved3.TheteacheraskedBen

adifficultquestioninclass.A.answerB.toanswerC.answeringD.answer4.IoftenwatchDanny

baseballontheplayground.A.playingB.playsC.playedD.play5.Thereisnodesksinthelab.Ourheadmastertoldus

ourdesks.A.totakeB.nottakeC.tonottakeD.take6.---Doyouknowwhyheleftsoearly?----

fortheEnglishtest,Iguess.A.TostudyB.StudyC.StudiedD.Studying7.Thewomanfeelsthatsheshouldletherson

hisowndecisionthistime.A.makesB.makeC.tomakeD.making8.Thechildrendecide

theirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleaned9.---Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellmethewaytotherailwaystation?---Oh,sorry,Idon'tknow.You

goandaskthatpoliceman.A.couldB.mustC.wouldD.need10.---You

writehimalettertosayyouaresorryforit.---Idon'tlikewritingletters.I'llapologize

thephone.A.could;onB.should;inC.can;overD.must;through巩固提高二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11.我需要你帮我学英语。Ineedyou

myEnglish.12.我不知道哪里买这本杂志。Idon'tknow

thismagazine.13.我请妈妈给我买了一个书包。Iaskedmymother

aschoolbag

.14.这个女孩可以看望医院里生病的孩子，来使他们振奋起来。Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospital

.15.为了学习英语，刘女士于1988年去了英国。

English,Ms.LiuwenttoEnglandin1988.答案一、单项选择1.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.A 二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)11.tohelpmewith12.wheretobuy13.tobuy;forme14.tocheerthemup15.Tolearn一、单选1.MissDiana

lotsofmoneytothechildreninpoorareas.A.hungoutB.gaveawayC.putoffD.tookout2.Theirhouseissimilar

ours,butourshasabiggergarden.A.withB.toC.forD.at3.Look!Hereisanotice

forteachingjobs.A.askB.toaskC.askingD.asks4.It'shardto

livinginaplacewheretherearenotelephonesorcars.A.knowB.realizeC.imagineD.think5.I'llhavetoaskmyparentsforsomemoremoneybecauseI've

.A.usedupitB.useditupC.runitoutD.runoutit6.Tom

hisfather,becausetheyarebothcheerfulandeasygoing.A.lookslikeB.takesafterC.doesn'ttakeafterD.isn'tlike7.Tomfelldownandgothurt,sowesenthimtothehospital

.A.atonceB.justamomentC.foronceD.foramoment8.Myfatherhelpedme

whenIlostmyjob.A.outB.upC.awayD.down9.Theplanstheymade

well.I'msurethey'llsucceedsoon.A.comeoutB.workoutC.gooutD.putout10.Mywatchdoesn'twork.Canyouhelpme

.A.fixitupB.fixupitC.takeitupD.takeupit11.Wehaven'tdecided

onvacation.A.wheretogoB.togowhereC.wheregoingD.todowhatBBCCBBAABAA二、完形填空（西城13-14年初二期末考试）Onceuponatimetherewasalittleboywhobecameveryill.Hehadtospendalldayinbed,unabletomove.Becauseotherchildrenweren'tallowedtocomenearhim,hefelt12

andblue.Therewasn'tmuchhecoulddoexceptlookoutofthewindow.Timepassed,andhisfeelingofhopelessnessjust13

,untilonedayhesawsomethingstrangeinthewindow.Itwasabirdeatingasausagesandwich.Thebirdcamein,said"goodafternoon"totheboy,turnedaround,andleft.Ofcourse,theboywasverysurprised.Hewasstilltryingto14

whathadhappened,whenoutsidehiswindowhesawamonkeyblowingupaballoon.Afterawhile,asmoreandmorecrazy-lookingcharacters15

outsidethewindow,helaughedhappily.Afterall,everyonecouldn'thelp16

whenseeingapigplayingtheguitaroradogwearingapairofglassesandsinging.Thelittleboydidn'ttellanyoneaboutthis,17

whowouldhavebelievedhim?Evenso,thosestrangecharactersendedupputtingjoybackinhis18

,andinhisbody.Beforelong,hishealthhadimprovedsomuchthathewasabletogobacktoschoolagain.Therehegottotalktohisfriends,andtoldthemallthe19

thingshehadseen.Whiletalking,hesawsomethingsticking(伸出)outofhisbestfriend'sschoolbag.Theboyaskedhimwhatitwas,andfinallyhisfriendhadto20

himwhatwasinthebag.There,inside,wereallthefancy-dresssuitsanddisguises(伪装)thathisbestfriendhadbeenusingtotryto21

thelittleboyup!Fromthatdayon,thelittleboyalwaysdidhisbesttomakesurethatnoonefeltsadandalone.12.A.greatB.sadC.nervousD.pleased13.A.grewB.changedC.lostD.happened14.A.workoutB.makeupC.pointoutD.lookfor15.A.filledB.lookedC.appearedD.came16.A.cryingB.thinkingC.singingD.laughing17.A.thoughB.becauseC.soD.but18.A.heartB.handsC.healthD.head19.A.littleB.humorousC.strangeD.happy20.A.provideB.sendC.showD.satisfy21.A.wakeB.cheerC.pickD.raise二、完形填空12.B 13.A 14.A 15.C 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.C __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择（共10小题；共10.0分）1.Markwouldliketoworkoutside.He

helptocleanupthecityparks.A.mustB.needC.couldD.haveto2.---Canyoutellthedifferencesbetweenthesetwopictures?---Differences?Oh,no.Theylookquite

.A.differentB.similarC.strangeD.interesting3.Nicklosthiskey.Itmadehim

inthecoldtowaitforhisparents'return.A.tostayB.stayedC.staysD.stay4.---Mr.Miller,IamafraidthatIcan'tfinishthisworkinaweek.---Myboy,bebraveandtellyourself

.A.don'tgiveupB.notgiveupC.nottogiveupD.togiveup5.SamplanstogotothewesternChinaand

anearlychildhoodschoolthereoneday.A.cleanupB.lookupC.giveupD.setup6.Whateverdifficultieswemeet,weshouldn't

ourhope.A.giveupB.fixupC.cheerupD.putup7.Scientistsaretryingtheirbestto

waystotreattheterriblediseasecalledH7N9.A.comeupwithB.lookforwardtoC.talkaboutD.giveup8.---Wedon'thaveenoughmoneyforourfieldtrip.Whatshallwedo?---Thebestway

moneyistosellnewspapers.A.raiseB.toraiseC.raising9.Mr.Brown

inasmallhouse.Nowhelivesinabighousewithaswimmingpool.A.isusedtolivingB.wasusedtolivingC.usedtolivingD.usedtolive10.---Iamveryworriedaboutthecomingexam.IamafraidIcan'tpassthistime.---

!I'msureyou'llmakeit.A.NoproblemB.That'srightC.CheerupD.Don'tmentionit二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分）Bill,athirteen-year-oldboy,thoughthehadgrownuptobeaman.Buthisparentstoldhim,"Youwon'tbearealmanuntilyoubeginto11

helpingothers."Onemorning,hisparentsgavehimsomemoneyto12

somemilkforthem.Outsideashophesawahomelessoldmanwholookedvery13

.Billwenttohimandasked,"What'swrongwithyou?"Theoldmananswered,"I'mhungry.Ihaven'thadanyfoodfortwodays."Atthethoughtofhisparents'words,Billsaidtotheoldman,"Let'sgotothe14

."Whentheygotthere,Billaskedthewaitertobringoutbreadandcoffeetotheoldman.Theoldmanfinishedthemealquickly.Afterthewaiter15

theplateandthecup,theoldmansaid,"Sorryforgivingyousomuch16

.I'mfinenow.I'll17

forgetyourkindness!Youareaverygoodyoungman."Billwas18

whenheheardthis.Justwhenhewantedtopayforthemeal,thewaitercame.Billandtheoldmanlearned19

thatthefoodwasfree20

itwasthebirthdayoftheboss,andtheywerethefirstcustomers(顾客)thatday.11.A.thinkaboutB.dependonC.giveupD.goon12.A.lendB.buyC.drinkD.borrow13.A.afraidB.gladC.sickD.angry14.A.bankB.libraryC.hospitalD.restaurant15.A.sentoutB.gotdownC.gavebackD.tookaway16.A.excuseB.adviceC.troubleD.difficulty17.A.neverB.alwaysC.usuallyD.sometimes18.A.nervousB.pleasedC.sorryD.shy19.A.insurpriseB.asusualC.onceagainD.atfirst20.A.whenB.untilC.unlessD.because三、阅读理解（共5小题；共10.0分）Wanttoknowwhatwecandotohelpmakeourcityabetterplacetolivein?Whynottakepanin"Clean&Greenweekend"?Joinus,andyoucanmakenewfriendsandhelpprotecttheenvironmentatthesametime.ParkLifeDoyoulikehangingoutintheparkwithyourfriends?Ifso,whynottakethechancetocomewithusandtidyuptheparkasyougo?Toaddsomefun,thereisagiftforthepersonwhocollectsthemostrubbish!MeetusatthesouthentrancetoTaoheParkat9a.m.nextSaturdayifyouwanttojoinin.TheAirYouBreatheAgreatwaytomaketheairwebreathecleanerisbyplantinglotsoftrees!Itisafactthattreesslowlyfilter(过滤)alotofpollutantsfromtheair.SocomeandhelpusplantsomenewonesinFenheParkat2p.m.nextSunday.WaronGraffiti(涂鸦)Somepeoplethinkgraffitiiscool.Well,itisnot!Thebestwaytostopbuildingsfrombecomingtotallycoveredinuglygraffitiistogetridofitassoonaspossible.Andthatisexactlywhatwearegoingtodo.Wearerepaintingtheschoolwallsfrom1p.m.onSaturday.Youdon’thavetobringanytools,justremembertowearsomeoldclothes!21.Themainpurposeof"clean&GreenWeekend"isto

.A.makeourcitymorebeautifulB.offerthechancetohavefunC.helpstudentsmeetoldfriends22.Thestudentswhowanttojoinintherubbishcollectingactivitymustmeet

.A.at1p.m.onSaturdayB.at2p.m.nextSundayC.at9a.m.nextSaturday23.Ifwe'regoingtorepainttheschoolwalls,weneedto

.A.drawpictureswellB.wearsomeoldclothesC.bringsometoolswithus24.Accordingtothepassage,weknow

.A.graffiticanmakethebuildingslookcoolB.thepersonwhocollectsrubbishcangetagiftC.wecanplanttreestoimprovetheenvironment25.Wemightreadtheabovepassage

.A.inafashionmagazineB.onaschoolnoticeboardC.inanewspaperadvertisement四、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)（共2小题；共2.0分）26.Doyouknowwhoistheo

ofthegarden?27.Theboyissoc

thathecanworkoutmanydifficultproblems.五、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)（共3小题；共3.0分）28.Canyou

(想象)whatyourlifewillbelikein10years?29.Bobwillstarthis

(旅行)toNewYork.30.Don'tleavethebaby

(单独).Heistooyoung.六、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共5小题；共5.0分）31.在她五岁时，就能独自做饭。She

cook

attheageoffive.32.约翰每周六下午在一家医院做义工。John

atahospital

.33.互联网使我们在家里购物成为可能。TheInternet

forustobuythingsathome.34.萨拉想在空闲时帮助孩子们学跳舞。Sarahwants

kidslearn

whensheisfree.35.他决定把这些电脑捐赠给贫困山区的孩子们。Hedecided

thesecomputers

tochildreninthepoormountainareas.七、作文（共1小题；共25.0分）36.假如你是杨佩，你的外教Mr.Smith想组织几名学生去一个学校进行一次助学和联谊活动。请你参考下列